If a bar magnet is suspended by a string, the north pole of the bar magnet point towards the south pole of the Earth’s magnet or the north geographic pole of the Earth.

If a magnetic compass is placed at a location, the direction of the needle gives the direction of the magnetic field at that location.

In a bar magnet, the magnetic field lines enter the magnet at the south pole and leaves the magnet at the north pole. So the direction of the magnetic field of a bar magnet is towards its south pole.

If the compass is placed near the south pole of a bar magnet, the direction of the needle is towards the south pole of the bar magnet.

If it is placed near the north pole the needle points away from the north pole.

See Explanation.

Alaska is close to north geographic pole of the Earth. So if one visits Alaska, he or she is close to the south pole of the Earth’s magnet.

Isolated magnetic pole does not exist.

Hence isolated magnetic fields cannot be created by breaking a bar magnet into two pieces.

If a bar magnet is broken into two pieces, at the broken ends, opposite poles are formed so that each broken piece behaves as a smaller bar magnet as shown below.

The magnitude of Earth’s magnetic field at the equator is less than the magnitude of the Earth’s magnetic field at the poles.

Because at the poles, the magnetic field lines lie closer to each other than at equator. So the strength of the magnetic field is higher at the poles than at the equator.

Antarctica is at the south geographical pole of the Earth. It is at the north pole of the Earth’s magnet.

In Antarctica, Earth’s magnetic field lines leave the Earth and hence the magnetic field points away from the Earth’s surface.

(1) There exist only two types of charges labelled positive and negative charges. Similarly, there exist only two kinds of poles, south pole and north pole.

(2) Opposite charges attract each other and like charges repel each other. Similarly, opposite poles attract each other and like poles repel each other.

(3) Isolated electric charges exits but in contrast, isolated magnetic poles or magnetic poles do not exist.

Iron consists of randomly oriented magnetic domains. Each magnetic domain has strong magnetic field.

In some pieces of irons, the net magnetization might not be cancelled so they behave like a magnet while in other pieces, the net magnetization might be cancelled, so they do not behave as magnet.