Physics
Physics
1st Edition
Walker
ISBN: 9780133256925
Textbook solutions

All Solutions

Page 896: Lesson Check

Exercise 12
Step 1
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Electron gives off radiation when it passes from the higher energy level to the lower (from the orbit with greater quantum number to one with the lower quantum number). The frequency always has to satisfy $hnu=Delta E$ where $Delta E$ is the difference in the energies of mentioned orbits. This then yields
$$
nu = frac{Delta E}{h},
$$
$h$ being Planck’s constant.
Result
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Exercise 13
Step 1
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Because these lines (certain frequencies appearing in the spectrum) are always the result of transitions of the electrons between the orbits and thus only differences between the allowed Bohr’s energies (each producing certain frequency) can appear in the spectrum.
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Exercise 14
Step 1
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The radius increases. From the formula $r_n=(5.29times10^{-11}text{m})n^2$ we see that the radius is directly proportional to $n^2$ so increasing $n$ also increases the radius.
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Exercise 15
Step 1
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The energy increases. Note that in the expression for the energy of $n$th orbit
$$
E_n=-(13.6text{ eV})frac{1}{n^2}
$$
the absolute value of the energy decreases with the increase in $n$ (since we divide by $n^2$), but because there is minus sign in front then the actual energy increases with the increase in $n$ (it is less and less negative).
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Exercise 16
Solution 1
Solution 2
Step 1
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a) The Bohr radius of the orbit n = 6 can be calculated as follows:

$$
begin{align*}
r_n &= (5.29 times 10^{-11} text{ m})n^2 \
r_6 &= (5.29 times 10^{-11} text{ m})6^2 \
&= 1.9 times 10^{-9} text{ m}
end{align*}
$$

The Bohr radius is $boxed{r_6 = 1.9 times 10^{-9} text{ m}}$

Step 2
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b) The energy at this orbit can be calculated as follows:

$$
begin{align*}
E_n &= -(13.6 text{ eV})dfrac{1}{n^2} \
E_6 &= -(13.6 text{ eV})dfrac{1}{6^2} \
&= -0.38 text{ eV}
end{align*}
$$

The energy at n = 6 is $boxed{-0.38 text{ eV}}$

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a) $r_6 = 1.9 times 10^{-9}$ m

b) $E_6 = -0.38$ eV

Step 1
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a) The radius is calculated as
$$
r_6=(5.29times10^{-11}text{ m})6^2 =1.9times10^{-9}text{ m}.
$$

b) The energy is calculated as

$$
E_6=-(13.6text{ eV})frac{1}{6^2} = -0.38text{ eV}.
$$

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Exercise 17
Solution 1
Solution 2
Step 1
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To be able to determine the Bohr electron orbit with the radius of $2.56 times 10^{-8}$ m, we can calculate n as follows:

$$
begin{align*}
r_n &= (5.29 times 10^{-11} text{ m})n^2 \
n^2 &= dfrac{2.56 times 10^{-8} text{ m}}{5.29 times 10^{-11} text{ m}} \
n &= sqrt{dfrac{2.56 times 10^{-8} text{ m}}{5.29 times 10^{-11} text{ m}}} \
&= 22
end{align*}
$$

Hence, the Bohr orbit of the electron is $boxed{text{n = 22}}$

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$$
n = 22
$$
Step 1
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Knowing that this radius has to be of the form of
$$
r_n= 2.56times 10^{-8}text{ m} = (5.29times10^{-11}text{ m})n^2
$$
we obtain

$$
n^2 = frac{2.56times 10^{-8}text{ m}}{5.29times10^{-11}text{ m}}Rightarrow n=sqrt{ frac{2.56times 10^{-8}text{ m}}{5.29times10^{-11}text{ m}}}=22
$$

so it is 22nd Bohr’s orbit.

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Exercise 18
Solution 1
Solution 2
Step 1
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To be able to determine the Bohr electron orbit with the energy of $= -0.54$ eV, we can calculate n as follows:

$$
begin{align*}
E_n &= -(13.6 text{ eV})dfrac{1}{n^2} \
n^2 &= dfrac{-13.6 text{ eV}}{-0.54 text{ eV}} \
n &= sqrt{dfrac{13.6 text{ eV}}{0.54 text{ eV}}} \
&= 5
end{align*}
$$

Hence, the Bohr orbit of the electron is $boxed{text{n = 5}}$

Result
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$$
n=5
$$
Step 1
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Knowing that this energy has to be of the form of
$$
E_n=-0.54text{ eV}=-13.6text{ eV }frac{1}{n^2}
$$
we obtain

$$
n^2 = frac{13.6text{ eV}}{0.54text{ ev}} Rightarrow n=sqrt{frac{13.6text{ eV}}{0.54text{ ev}}} =5
$$

so this is 5th Bohr’s orbit.

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Exercise 19
Step 1
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We can use the formula for calculating wavelength

$$
lambda = frac{hc}{Delta E}
$$
where
$$
Delta E = E_2-E_1
$$
is the difference between the energies of the 2nd and 1st orbit.
Knowing that $E_n=-13.6text{ eV }frac{1}{n^2}$ for each $n$ we get $Delta E = 13.6text{ eV}(frac{1}{1}-frac{1}{2})$ and

$$
lambda = frac{hc}{13.6text{ eV}(frac{1}{1}-frac{1}{2})} = frac{hc}{13.6times 1.6times 10^{-19}text{ J}(frac{1}{1}-frac{1}{2})} =182.5text{ nm}.
$$

This wavelength is lower than the lower boundary of visible spectrum ($approx 380$ nm) so this is in the ultraviolet part.

Result
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