Home Page Textbooks Physics Page 947: Standardized Test Prep

Physics

1st Edition

Walker

ISBN: 9780133256925

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Page 947: Standardized Test Prep

Exercise 1

Step 1

1 of 2

This is a fact.

Result

2 of 2

(C)

Exercise 2

Step 1

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The nuclear density for a typical nucleus can be approximately calculated from the size of the nucleus, which itself can be approximated based on the number of protons and neutrons in it.

Result

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(A)

Exercise 3

Step 1

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Hadrons are particles whose constituents are quarks, which are elementary particles. Hadrons are divided into baryons and mesons. Baryons are particles made up of three quarks; mesons are particles made up of a quark and an antiquark. Thus, the correct answer is: (C) meson.

Result

2 of 2

Exercise 4

Step 1

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In an excited state, one or more of the protons or neutrons in a nucleus occupy a nuclear orbital of higher energy than an available nuclear orbital of lower energy. These states are analogous to excited states of electrons in atoms. Hence no change happens in the number of protons or neutrons.

Result

2 of 2

(A)

Exercise 5

Step 1

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Since energy=massX$c^2$, hence from dimensional analysis, it measures mass.

Result

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(B)

Exercise 6

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We are given the following reaction:

$$
begin{align*}
ce{^{3}_{1}H} rightarrow ce{^{3}_{2}He} + ?
end{align*}
$$

We see that the atomic number $Z$ increased by 1, ie. a proton was created. We conclude that this reaction is a type of $beta^-$ decay, thus the unknown particle is a $beta^-$ particle ($e^-$).

Note: the reaction given above is not quite exact, because an electron antineutrino $bar{nu_e}$ is missing. The electron antineutrino is a product in a $beta^-$ decay; otherwise, the leptonic number wouldn’t be conserved.

Result

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(B) $beta^-$ particle ($e^-$)

Exercise 7

Step 1

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Using the graph, at around days=140 days on the x-axis, it corresponds to 50 grams on y-axis which is the half life.

Result

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(D)

Exercise 8

Step 1

1 of 1

a) $Pb^{206}_{82}$

b) Mass of product is slightly less as this difference in mass is what makes the reaction exothermic and hence heat/energy is released.

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Page 947: Standardized Test Prep

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