In this exercise what we need to do is to change their verbs In parenthesis either in ***present or preterite*** according to ***context***.

In the next sentences what are we going to do is to *analyze and understand what are we talking about and choose the best option according to the tense of the verb as the case may be.*

1. Los ecologistas no apoyarán al alcalde (mayor) a menos que esté _____ (cambiar) su política de medio ambiente.

In this case, the verb “cambiar” is translated to change, instead of make, because we are talking about changing the laws, also we have to know that when **we are talking about an action that must be done in the future but has not yet been done**, so we are talking in the past tense of the the the third person singular. Finally, it would look like this:
1. Los ecologistas no apoyarán al alcalde (mayor) a menos que esté ***cambie*** su política de medio ambiente.

2. El alcalde va a hablar con su asesor (advisor) antes de que ____ (llegar) los ecologistas.

Like the last sentence, environmentalists have not yet arrived, so we will continue to use the **preterite form** of the verb *llegar/arrive* which is **”lleguen”** for the third person plural.

2. El alcalde va a hablar con su asesor (advisor) antes de que ***lleguen*** los ecologistas.

3. Los ecologistas entraron en la oficina del alcalde tan pronto como ____(saber) que los esperaban.

In the same case, ecologists knew they were expecting them, but only go in until then, so we will continue to use the **preterite form** of the verb saber/know which is **”supieron”**.

3. Los ecologistas entraron en la oficina del alcalde tan pronto como ***supieron*** que los esperaban.

4. El alcalde les asegura que siempre piensa en el medio ambiente cuando ____ (dar) permisos para construir edificios nuevos.

Going back to the mayor but in this case, we are talking in **present**, so the verb *dar/give* is going to be **”da”** for the third person singular.

4. El alcalde les asegura que siempre piensa en el medio ambiente cuando **da** permisos para construir edificios nuevos.

5. Los ecologistas van a estar preocupados hasta que el alcalde ___ (responder).

We are talking about the mayor but now it is *implicit* but because it is something that may be happening at that moment we are going to use the present form for the **third-person singular** of *responder/answer*, which is **responda.**

5. Los ecologistas van a estar preocupados hasta que el alcalde **responda**.

The following exercise tries to fill in the blanks in the sentences.

*It is necessary to know how to differentiate the tenses in which each sentence speaks and to choose whether the verb is in the infinitive or subjunctive.*

1. Comprare un carro hibrido con tal de que no **sea** (ser) muy caro. Comprare un carro hibrido con tal de: **conservar** (conservar) los recursos naturales. / *I will buy a hybrid car as long as it is not too expensive. I will buy a hybrid car in order to: conserve natural resources.*

* *The first verb ” ser” will be subjunctive since we are not referring to a quality of a subject. The second verb, “conservar” will be infinitive since it is used in the indicative form.*

2. Los biólogos viajan para **estudiar** (estudiar) la biodiversidad . Los biólogos viajan para que la biodiversidad se **conozca** (conocer). / *Biologists travel to study biodiversity. Biologists travel to make biodiversity known.*

* *As with a previous verb, “estudiar” remains in the infinitive while “conozca” is used in the subjunctive form.*

3. El se preocupará por el calentamiento global después de que los científicos le **demuestren** (demostrar) que es una realidad. El se preocupara por el calentamiento global después de **ver** (ver) con sus propios ojos lo que ocurre. / *He will worry about global warming after scientists prove to him that it is a reality. He will worry about global warming after he sees with his own eyes what is happening.*

* *”Demuestren” is used in the subjunctive form and “ver” in the infinitive.*

4. No podremos continuar sin **tener** (tener) un mapa . No podremos continuar sin que alguien nos **de** (dar) un mapa. / *We will not be able to continue without a map. We will not be able to continue without someone giving us a map.*

* *”tener” is used in the infinitive form, while “de” is used in the subjunctive form.*

In the following exercise, we must select the appropriate conjunction for the sentences.

The conjunctions are words that seek to intertwine or unite two or more ideas in a sentence.

**(1)**

The first sentence is:

– *Ms. Corbo: I have read it, and ________ (although / when) I do not share with the article, we have started an investigation.*

The conjunction that makes the most sense in the sentence is **Aunque** *(although)*.

The complete sentence will be:

– *Ms. Corbo: I have read it, and **aunque** (although) I do not share with the article, we have started an investigation.*

**(2)**

The second sentence is:

– *________ (Until / As soon as) we complete the investigation, we will notify the press.*

The conjunction that makes the most sense in the sentence is **Tan pronto como** *(as soon as)*.

The complete sentence will be:

– **Tan pronto como** *(as soon as) we complete the investigation, we will notify the press.*

**(3)**

The third sentence is:

– *We want to talk to all employees _________ (as/for that) there is no doubt.*

The conjunction that makes the most sense in the sentence is **Para que** *(for that)*.

The complete sentence will be:

– *We want to talk to all employees **para que** (for that) there is no doubt.*

**(4)**

The fourth sentence is:

– *Journalist: Is it true that they clean the cages only when there is an inspection __________ (so that/without) the zoo does not have problems with the authorities?*

The conjunction that makes the most sense in the sentence is **Para que** *(so that)*.

The complete sentence will be:

– *Journalist: Is it true that they clean the cages only when there is an inspection **para que** (so that) the zoo does not have problems with the authorities?*

**(5)**

The fifth sentence is:

– *Ms. Corbo: _________ (As / Although) I finish the investigation.*

The conjunction that makes the most sense in the sentence is **En cuanto** *(as)*.

The complete sentence will be:

– *Ms. Corbo: **en cuanto** (As) I finish the investigation.*