In this exercise, you need to read the texts on pages 157-159 and answer these questions with full sentences.

1. Who did the chimila fight against in colonial times?

You could answer:

*En la época colonial, los chimila resistieron contra los españoles.*
In colonial times, the chimila resisted against the Spanish.

2. What did the Human Expedition investigators discover?

You could answer:

*Los científicos de la Expedición Humana descubrieron que los chimila tienen una incidencia alta de prurigo actínico.*
The Human Expedition scientists discovered that the chimila have a high incidence of *prurigo actínico.*

3. What is the “prurigo actínico”?

You could answer:

El prurigo actínico *es una enfermedad dermatológica incurable que aparece normalmente en niños pequeños de comunidades indígenas en Latinoamérica.*
*Prurigo actínico* is an incurable dermatological disease that normally appears in small children from indigenous communities in Latin America.

4. Has the prurigo artínico received much attention from the global medical community?

You could answer:

*No, ha recibido muy poca atención de la comunidad médica global.*
No, it has received very little attention from the global medical community.

5. What discovery from some archaeologists has helped the Human Expedition?

You could answer:

*Las cerámicas con dibujos de enfermos que desenterraron los arqueólogos ayudaron a la Expedición Humana.*
Ceramics with drawings of sick people that archaeologists unearthed have helped the Human Expedition.

6. What did the Human Expedition scientists decide to explore?

You could answer:

*Los científicos de la Expedición Humana decidieron explorar la base genética de la enfermedad.*
The Human Expedition scientists decided to explore the genetic base of the disease.

In this exercise, you need to read the texts on pages 157-159 and answer these questions with full sentences.

1. What is the fame of the chimila indigenous people?

You could answer:

*El pueblo chimila es famoso por su talento especial con el arco y la flecha.*
The chimila people are famous for their special talent with a bow and arrow.

2. What are some of the problems that affect the chimila people?

You could answer:

*Algunos de los problemas que afectan a los chimila son la pobreza, la falta de recursos médicos y las enfermedades endémicas sin solución.*
Some of the problems that affect the chimila are poverty, lack of medical resources and endemic diseases without solution.

3. Why is the development of new treatments important?

You could answer:

*El desarrollo de nuevos tratamientos es importante para que sean más efectivos y de menor costo.*
The development of new treatments is important so that they can be more effective and less expensive.

4. What are the two main factors related to the apparition of the disease?

You could answer:

*Los dos principales factores relacionados con la aparición de la enfermedad son la predisposición genética y la exposición al sol.*
The two main factors related to the apparition of the disease are a genetic predisposition and exposure to sunlight.

5. What is the objective of the Human Expedition?

You could answer:

*La Expedición Humana identifica y trata de resolver los problemas que afligen a las comunidades indígenas y afrocolombianas.*
The Human Expedition identifies and tries to solve the problems that afflict indigenous and Afro-Colombian communities.

6. According to the perspective of the Centers for Control and Prevention of Diseases, is *prurigo actínico* an unusual illness? Explain your answer.

You could answer:

*No, no es una enfermedad inusual, porque según ellos, la mayoría de las dolencias más comunes son resultado de la interacción entre genes y ciertos factores medioambientales.*
No, it’s not an unusual illness, because according to them, the majority of the most common illnesses are a result of the interaction between genetics and certain environmental factors.

In this exercise, you need to imagine you are a doctor talking to a group of children who don’t understand the dangers of exposure to sunlight. Ask them questions and give them advice using the imperative voice.

You could write:

* *¿Cuántas horas por día estás bajo el sol?*
How many hours do you spend under the sun each day?

* *¿Usas protector solar o sombrero?*
Do you wear sunscreen or a hat?

* *Usa el protector solar en la cara y el cuerpo cuando estés afuera.*
Wear sunscreen on your face and your body whenever you’re outside.

* *Quédate adentro en las horas en las que el sol es más fuerte.*
Stay inside during the hours in which the sunlight is strongest.

* *Si pasas mucho tiempo al sol, ponte crema de aloe vera.*
If you spend a lot of time under the sun, wear aloe vera cream.

In this exercise, you need to form groups of four to debate about: is it acceptable to use a great amount of resources to research about beauty products?

So, you could say:

* *Es aceptable y necesario utilizar gran cantidad de recursos para investigar sobre productos de belleza, porque son productos que la gente coloca en su piel. Deben estar correctamente desarrollados e investigados para evitar que la gente tenga reacciones alérgicas o sea dañino para su cuerpo de cualquier manera. Los productos de belleza y los productos que se utilizan para el cuerpo deben ser probados correctamente antes de que salgan al mercado.*

* It’s acceptable and necessary to use a great amount of resources to investigate beauty products, because they are products that people put on their skin. They must be correctly developed and researched to avoid generating allergic reactions on people or any type of harm to their body. Beauty products and body products must be correctly tested before they are released onto the market.

In this exercise, you need to write three paragraphs using subjunctive expressions, describing your opinion about the Human Expedition’s goals: is it good that a university spends money in researching a disease that affects very few people, or is it more important that the scientists think about the issues of the majority of the population?

So, you could write:

* *Creo que es necesario que la Expedición Humana trabaje para ayudar a comunidades pequeñas con pocos recursos económicos. Estas comunidades se encuentran afectadas por problemas que no pueden solucionar, y es triste que no tengan los recursos médicos para curar sus enfermedades.*
*Es bueno que organizaciones como la Expedición Humana estén preparadas para ayudar a la gente sin recursos. Sin la ayuda de alguien más, los niños chimila sufrirían de prurigo actínico sin tener ninguna esperanza de tratamiento. Es importante que puedan tener acceso a medicina y auxilios gracias a la Expedición.*
*Es importante que los científicos piensen en los problemas de toda la población, no sólo de la mayoría. Si no hubiera médicos que se enfocaran en las necesidades de grupos pequeños, todas sus enfermedades serían incurables. Es necesario que todos los humanos tengan protección.*

* I think it’s necessary that the Human Expedition works to help small communities with few economic resources. These communities are afflicted by problems that they can’t solve, and it’s sad that they don’t have the medical resources to cure their diseases.
It’s good that organizations like Human Expedition are prepared to help people without resources. Without someone else’s help, the chimila children would suffer from prurigo actinico without having any hope for treatment. It’s important that they can have access to medicine and first aid thanks to the Expedition.
It’s important that scientists think about the problems of the entire population, not only the majority. If there weren’t any doctors that focused on the needs of small groups, all of their diseases would be incurable. It’s necessary that all human beings have protection.