Glencoe Health
Glencoe Health
1st Edition
McGraw-Hill Education
ISBN: 9780078913280
Textbook solutions

All Solutions

Section 27.2: CPR and First Aid for Shock and Choking

Exercise 1
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1. A call to medical emergency services.
2. CPR (CardioPulmonary Resusciation)
3. Defibrillation
4. Advanced care
Exercise 2
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The basic adult CPR cycle alternates two mouth-to-mouth rescue breaths with 30 compressions on the chest, when performing CPR for babies, place your mouth covering the baby’s nose and mouth at the same time.
Exercise 3
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$textbf{Clutching the throat}$ with both hands is the universal sign that a person is choking. Other signs to watch out for is the inability to speak, coughing, gagging, or change in lip or face color.
Result
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Clutching the throat
Exercise 4
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The first few minutes are considered the most critical part in certain medical emergencies such as heart attack, stroke, or cardiac arrest. Calling the emergency response team first would facilitate a quick and efficient execution in the chain of survival. The operator will have an overview of the situation through a series of questions and provide instructions to the person currently on the scene. Furthermore, calling the emergency services first would prompt the arrival of the medical emergency team who has the AED and the skills to provide advanced medical care.
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Click to see the explanation part.
Exercise 5
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Since infants are more fragile than adults, the strategy for responding to choking needs to be differentiated. Abdominal thrusts are performed on choking adults. For infants, gentle but firm blows in between shoulder blades alternated with chest thrusts are done to dislodge the object.

The treatment for choking between infants and adults is different mainly because they differ in terms of anatomy and causes. Infants have a larger tongue-to-mouth ratio and narrower airways. They have smaller chests, so the depth of compressions should also be shallower. For adults and infants, choking on food is still the most common cause. However, infants also tend to put anything they grab in their mouths such as coins, pen caps, and other small objects.

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Exercise 6
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CPR is an important life-saving procedure. It may sound intimidating to some, but teens should learn how to do it.

During CPR training and certification, experts will teach you the proper techniques in performing CPR. There are also informational handouts and lectures. You need to pass a certain mark in both practical skills and written examination to be certified.

Try to inquire if there’s any organization in your school that conducts this training. You can ask your local health center, local Red Cross unit, or health organizations near you. You may also have CPR classes online through virtual instructions.

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Exercise 7
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$$
textbf{Health Emergency First Aid: Choking}
$$

Observe for signs of choking such as clutching the throat, inability to speak, coughing, face or lips turning pale, and loss of consciousness. Help the person immediately if you see these signs.

$$
text{underline{Adult:chest thrusts}}
$$

* Stand behind the person, wrap your arms around his/her waist and bend him/her forward. ($textit{If the person is pregnant or obese, wrap the arms around the ribcage instead.}$)
* Clench a fist and grasp it with the other hand.
* Pull your hands sharply into the abdomen upwards and inwards.
* Repeat the movement until the object is dislodged.

$$
text{underline{Infant:alternating back blows-chest thrusts}}
$$

* Hold the infant face-down over your forearm and along your thighs. Set his/her head a little lower.
* Using the heel of your hand, hit the back firmly just between the shoulder blades up to five times.
* If that didn’t work, turn the infant around facing upward and perform 5 chest compressions (infant CPR version).
* Call emergency services if the baby is still not breathing. Continue with the procedure until medical help arrives.

$$
textit{Other Health Emergencies: cardiac arrest, drowning, and shock}
$$

Result
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Click to see the explanation part.
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