The $textit{healthcare system}$ is made up of all health care professionals.

Managed care and fee-for-service are the two major forms of $textit{health insurance}$.

There are government agencies that aim to protect and promote $textit{public health}$.

You need to see a specialist if you’re in $textit{a condition that doesn’t respond to normal treatment}$.

See a primary care physician for an annual checkup, flu shot, or injury.

Doctors in urgent care centers $textit{see patients without appointments}$.

All doctor’s offices can handle emergencies, provide inpatient care, and have several doctors working in the same place.

The local health department is responsible for investigating threats to public health, enforcing local health regulations, and educating the public about health issues.

$textit{Funding research for new treatments}$ is a job of the national health department and private companies.

$$
text{underline{Benefits of a regular primary care physician consultation}}
$$

* Keeping a good ongoing patient-doctor relationship helps you be aware of your own health.
* You can feel a sense of comfort and trust if you regularly consult with the doctor of your choice.
* Primary care physicians know how to diagnose and treat your health concerns.

$textit{Group insurance}$ covers a lot of people in a single policy. An example of this is an employer paying a part or sometimes the whole premium of its employees. This is more beneficial than $textit{individual insurances}$ because cost-sharing with the employer and having a large group of people availing the same policy lowers the costs. Thus, better insurance plans are usually offered at a lower premium.

People who can’t avail of insurances at their workplace buy one individually, which costs more. Those who can’t afford any of the mentioned insurances can still be covered under a government plan depending on the country.

$textit{Public health}$ is the term used to describe the health of a community or the entire nation and all the efforts done in the promotion of health and prevention of diseases in the population.

$textit{Health care}$ is an organized system of medical professionals working together to provide medical care to an individual or a group of people.

The $textbf{Federal Trade Commission}$ ($textbf{FTC}$) is responsible for the protection of consumers by preventing dishonest and fraudulent practices in the marketplace. The $textit{public health}$ covers a huge part of the business industry. The FTC makes sure that consumers won’t be misled about health care services and products being sold on the market. Some of these include dietary or weight loss products, children’s food, and also tobacco and alcohol use. They also develop educational materials to help consumers make informed health care choices.

$textit{Air pollution}$ is composed of carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matters, and sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$).

$textit{Smog}$ is the term for intense air pollution that reduces visibility.

The $textit{greenhouse effect}$ is a natural process of warming the Earth’s surface caused by heat-trapping gases such as carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and methane ($CH_4$) present in the atmosphere.

$textit{Global warming}$ is the long-term rise in the Earth’s temperature caused by man-made pollutants that continue to build-up in the atmosphere.

The $textit{Air Quality Index}$ (AQI) is used to report the level of air pollutants daily.

$textit{Decibel}$ (dB) is a unit used to measure the level of sounds.

Loud sounds such as traffic and construction equipment are sources of $textit{noise pollution}$.

$textit{Air pollution}$ are caused by certain gases and solid or liquid particles suspended in the air.

Smog is mostly made up of $textit{ozone}$.

Carbon monoxide ($CO_2$), sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$), and nitrogen oxides ($NO_x$) are also other components of air pollutants.

The moderate range of AQI is from 51-100 and coded yellow. At an AQI of 76, there is $textit{a moderate concern for a very small number of people}$.

Asbestos, carbon monoxide (CO), and radon are common indoor air pollutants.

$textit{Ozone}$ is the most abundant component of smog.

Repeated sounds of 90 decibels (dB) or higher can cause hearing damage. A $textit{Rock concert}$ has a noise level of 120 dB.

$textit{Global warming}$ is the long-term rise in the Earth’s temperature caused by man-made pollutants that continue to build-up in the atmosphere. Excessive fossil fuel burning is the main contributor to the accumulation of these gas pollutants. We can reduce the emission of heat-trapping greenhouse gases by reducing the use of fossil fuel energy. This can help prevent long-term harmful effects to the environment and our health.

$textit{Biodegradables}$ can be broken down by microorganisms in the environment.

$textit{Recyclables}$ mean any used materials collected and reprocessed to become new useful objects.

$textit{Hazardous wastes}$ are any wastes that have properties that could be harmful to human health and the environment.

$textit{Municipal solid wastes}$, also called trash or garbage, are unused everyday items that are thrown away.

$textit{Deforestation}$, or destruction of forests, causes destruction of natural habitat, soil erosion, and contributes to global warming.

$textit{Urban sprawl}$ is the uncontrolled expansion of city development such as houses, schools, buildings, and business centers onto undeveloped land.

Smart growth is a concept in community development planning that considers minimizing pollution and conserving resources. $textit{Buildings that have shops on the bottom level and apartments on the upper levels}$ show smart growth.

Deforestation causes loss of habitat of plants and animals, increased soil erosion, and changes in the local climate.

$textit{Destruction of old farms and ranches}$ is a problem linked to urban sprawl.

Among the choices, the best way to dispose of used motor oil is to $textit{take it out to a service station for recycling}$. Improper disposal of used oil can clog the drains and contaminate the environment.

Pre-cycling is the practice of minimizing wastes before they are even made. For example, $textit{use cloth shopping bags}$ instead of plastic bags in stores which will just be trash.

Giving your old computer to a friend and repairing your old radio instead of throwing it away are examples of reuse.

Returning empty bottles to the manufacturer to be sterilized and refilled is recycling.

$textbf{Radioactive wastes}$ emit $textit{radiation}$ that is harmful to health. Exposure to radioactive wastes can increase the risk of having cancer. These can also cause DNA damage which can be passed on to future offsprings. Intense levels of exposure can cause radiation sickness with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and hair loss. To reduce these health risks, radioactive wastes must always be securely stored in isolated areas.

The most effective strategy would be $textit{precycling}$. This is the practice of minimizing wastes before they are even made. An example of this is to bring cloth bags when shopping instead of using plastic ones in the store.

The second strategy is to $textit{reuse}$. Donate or sell old items instead of throwing them away.

The least effective strategy is $textit{recycling}$ because trash has already been made. However, this is still helpful because there are certain waste materials that can be reprocessed to become useful objects.