Glencoe Health
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780078913280
Textbook solutions
All Solutions
Page 490: Chapter 17 Assessment
Exercise 1
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An embryo is a cluster of cells that will develop in multicellular organism. Embryonic development is the part of the life cycle that begins after fertilization but the embryo fully develops between the third and eight week of pregnancy.
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Embryo
Exercise 2
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Prenatal care is when a pregnant woman get checkups from a doctor, nurse, or midwife throughout her pregnancy in order to keep herself and her baby healthy.
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Prenatal care
Exercise 3
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Implantation is a process in which zygote, moving as a blastocyst through a uterus, makes contact with the uterine wall, develops into an embryo and remains attached to it until birth.
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Implantation
Exercise 4
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Fertilization is the fusion of haploid gametes, union of a sperm cell and an egg cell which together form the diploid zygote.
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a) Fertilization
Exercise 5
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Folic acid helps form the neural tube and it is very important because it can prevent some birth defects such as anencephaly (brain defect) or spina bifida (spine defect).
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c) Folic acid
Exercise 6
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Mercury can cause birth defects. To be more precise, Methylmercury, which is an organic form or mercury, can damage the developing brain of the fetus. It has toxic effects on the nervous system during the second month of pregnancy.
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b) Mercury
Exercise 7
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An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants and grows outside the main cavity of the uterus, most often in a fallopian tube or ovary.
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b) Ectopic pregnancy
Exercise 8
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Prenatal care is health care that women who are pregnant recieve. It is an important part of staying healthy while pregnant, and having a healthy pregnancy is one of the best ways to promote a healthy birth. Also, it helps to detect potential concerns early and reduces the risk of complications.
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Prenatal care is the main role in maintaining health of pregnant woman and a baby and it it the best way to promote healthy birth.
Exercise 9
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They should consider where they want to give a birth and how. There are two basic methods, caesarean section and natural vaginal delivery. All others are variations of these two. They should take all the risks that can possibly happen into consideration. Also, mother needs to consider the pain management techniques available. After she sees all options and after consulting with her doctor, she can choose a route that is most comfortable for her.
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They should consider where they want to give a birth and how. See the explanation for more information.
Exercise 10
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Drinking alcohol while pregnant can harm the fetus. If the mother is consuming it, alcohol can pass from the mothers blood into the baby’s blood and damage the growth of the baby`s cells (usually it damages brain and spinal cells).
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It can damage growth of the unborn baby`s cells (usually brain and spinal cells).
Exercise 11
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Monozygotic, or identical twins, occur when one healthy zygote splits into two.
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Monozygotic, or identical twins.
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Preeclampsia is a condition during the pregnancy of a women which usually begins after 20 weeks of pregnancy and which is mainly characterized by high blood pressure.
Ectopic pregnancy is a complication during the pregnancy of a women in which the embryo has attached itself outside of the uterus.
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SIMILARITIES
The two conditions are both conditions that occur during the pregnancy of a women.
The similarities between the two conditions are mainly in its initial symptoms, which include:
– Fatigue
– Nausea
– Tender breast
– Missed menstrual period
– Positive pregnancy test
– Increased urination
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DIFFERENCES
The differences between the two conditions become apparent as the pregnancy progresses. Preeclampsia will not lead to any additional symptoms, while the symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy become worse as time goes on. Some of the symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy during later stages are:
– Vaginal bleeding
– Increasing abdominal/pelvis pain.
– Diarrhoea
– Pain in the shoulder tip
– Dizziness
– Feelings of anxiety
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Preeclampsia is a condition during the pregnancy of a women which usually begins after 20 weeks of pregnancy and which is mainly characterized by high blood pressure.
Ectopic pregnancy is a complication during the pregnancy of a women in which the embryo has attached itself outside of the uterus.
Exercise 12
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Preeclampsia is a condition that occurs usually after 20 weeks of a woman’s pregnancy mainly characterized by high blood pressure. Ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy complication in which the embryo has attached outside of the uterus.
Both conditions occur during the pregnancy and have similar initial symptoms: fatigue, nausea, tender breast, missed menstrual period, positive pregnancy test, and increased urination.
The difference between these two conditions starts to appear as the pregnancy progresses. Preeclampsia will not lead to additional symptoms, while ectopic pregnancy will. It becomes worse as time goes by.
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Both conditions occur during the pregnancy and have similar initial symptoms. The difference between these two conditions starts to appear as the pregnancy progresses. Preeclampsia will not lead to additional symptoms, while ectopic pregnancy will.
Exercise 13
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Genes are the basic units of heredity. They are segments of deoxyribonuceic (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body.
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Genes
Exercise 14
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Gene therapy is the medical process of inserting normal genes into human cells in order to correct genetic disorders is called It is an experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease in order to reduce drug use or surgerys.
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Gene therapy
Exercise 15
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Disorders caused by a defect in genes are called genetic disorders. A change or mutation happens in an individual’s DNA.
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Genetic disorders
Exercise 16
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Human cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes or 46 in total (22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes).
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c) 46
Exercise 17
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Chromosomes are located in the nucleus of a cell. Each chromosome is made up of DNA wrapped around proteins called histones that support its structure.
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c) In the nucleus of the cell
Exercise 18
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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule made of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other and carry genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all organisms.
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b) DNA
Exercise 19
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Genetics participates in the regulation of fetal development. Genes contain the instructions for growth and development. They are responsible for all the characteristics you inherit because they provide instructions for making proteins, and proteins determine the structure and function of each cell in the body.
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Genes contain the instructions for growth and development.
Exercise 20
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Through blood tests, you can check for the detective form of hemoglobin that underlies sickle cell anemia. This is often done after a child is born, but older children and adults can be tested as well.
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Through blood tests.
Exercise 21
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If you cross a brown hair with the blond hair parent, a child will have brown hair because it is dominant color.
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Because brown is dominant color.
Exercise 22
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Genetic amniocentesis is testing for certain conditions such as Down syndrome. Fetal lung testing is used to determine whether a baby’s lungs are mature enough for birth. Amniocentesis is also used to evaluate a baby for infection or other illness. It might be done to drain excess amniotic fluid from your uterus. Finally, amniocentesis can collect DNA from the fetus that can then be compared to DNA from the potential father.
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Amniocentesis can be done for various reasons: genetic testing, fetal lung testing, diagnosis of fetal infection, treatment or paternity testing.
Exercise 23
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Autonomy is the confidence that you can control your own body, impulses and environment. It refers to the quality or state of being self-governing and the level of freedom and independence.
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Autonomy
Exercise 24
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Developmentals tasks are events that need to happen for a person to continue growing toward being a healthy, mature adult. A developmental task is a task that arises at a certain period in life and unsuccessful achievement will lead to inability to perform tasks associated with the next period in life.
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Developmental tasks
Exercise 25
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Scoliosis is an abnormal, sideways curvature of the spine which often occurs during the growth spurt just before puberty. The cause of most scoliosis is unknown.
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Scoliosis
Exercise 26
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Infancy is the period in the first year of a person’s life. In this period, rapid growth happens, and humans develop motor skills to walk and communication skills.
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a) Infancy
Exercise 27
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Overprotective parents may lead to low self-esteem in children. Children with low sel-esteem might have a negative image of themselves, feel bad, ugly, unlikeable or stupid and have lack of confidence.
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a) Overprotective parents
Exercise 28
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Even though we mostly don`t know its cause, scoliosis occurs more frequently among the girls. Research shows that it occurs ten time more often in girls than does in boys.
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c) Girls
Exercise 29
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Vision impairments can affect a child’s development and learning by slowing them. For example, a child is slower in learning new skills such as crawl or walk, or in being social with others. Hearing impairments can cause delay in development of receptive and expressive communication skills (speech and language) which are followed with learning problems. Social environment influences a child’s cognitive development and educational attainment.
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d) All of the above
Exercise 30
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At late childhood puberty begins. Sensitivity about body image may begin too. Kids are developing a sense of self, sense of competence and deeper friendships. They start to recognize unique personality traits. They are changing their relationship with their parents. They become aware of dangers in the world and begin facing moral decisions. Also, peer pressure becomes stronger.
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Sense of self, sense of competence and deeper friendship
Exercise 31
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A child who is constantly scolded for making a mess or for getting in the way may develop feelings of self doubt and less confident. Because of that, the child could feel lonely and isolated. It will be harder for him to make new friendships and keep them. A child could also tend to avoid new things and find change hard.
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Feelings of self doubt and less confident.
Exercise 32
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If a parent is overprotective and doesn’t let a child explore his surroundings, a child may have low self-esteem. Children with low sel-esteem might have a negative image of themselves, feel bad, ugly, unlikeable or stupid and have lack of confidence.
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Low self-esteem.
Exercise 33
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The main reason for detection of these problems during school is to determine if a child has a learning disability. If a child cannot hear or see well enough, he may need some additional help with learning.
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Because it is important to detect students who have or are at risk for developing vision or hearing disorders.
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