Glencoe Health
Glencoe Health
1st Edition
McGraw-Hill Education
ISBN: 9780078913280
Textbook solutions

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Section 22.2: Marijuana, Inhalants, and Steroids

Exercise 1
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Marijuana, also known as weed, pot, and herb, refers to the mixture of dried buds, flowers, and leaves of the cannabis plants named Cannabis indica and Cannabis sativa. Marijuana contains psychoactive compounds, such as tetrahydrocannabinol.
Marijuana use has detrimental consequences to the person’s social, physical, and psychological well-being since Marijuana smoke contains an increased amount of carcinogens than that of tobacco smoke. The inhaled unfiltered smoke of Marijuana can cause damage to the respiratory system that can increase the risk of chronic bronchitis and lung infections. And it may also exacerbate existing respiratory diseases, such as asthma. Moreover, Marijuana use can affect the cardiovascular system by increasing the heart rate that could lead to an increased risk of developing heart diseases and stroke.
Marijuana weakens the person’s immune system making him vulnerable to several infectious diseases. Marijuana use can also affect the central nervous system, especially brain development, which can lead to memory and learning problems. And lastly, marijuana poses health risks to the reproductive system because it decreases testosterone levels and interferes with sperm production in males, and it increases the testosterone levels in females that may lead to infertility.
Result
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The body systems that can be harmed by Marijuana use are the cardiovascular system, central nervous system, immune system, reproductive system, and respiratory system.
Exercise 2
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Inhalants are volatile substances that are administered through inhalation wherein the substance produces vapors that could induce psychoactive effects, such as confusion. The four general categories of inhalants are volatile solvents, aerosol sprays, gases, and nitrites.
Volatile solvents are liquid substances that vaporize at room temperature and these include gasoline, glues, nail polish remover, and paint thinners.
Aerosol sprays are substances that contain propellants and solvents, such as deodorant spray and spray paints.
Gases directly affect the central nervous system which includes medical anesthetics, such as halothane and nitrous oxide.
Nitrites are prescription drugs for chest pain which is considered as muscle relaxants and it dilates the blood vessels.
Result
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Inhalants are psychoactive substances that are administered through inhalation of the vapors produced from the substance.
Exercise 3
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Anabolic-androgenic steroids are synthetic substances derived from the males’ sex hormones called testosterone—hormones that promote the development of muscle mass and strength and regulate sexual development. However, anabolic steroid use could lead to unnatural muscle development that increases the muscle strength, but not the tendons and ligaments capacity, which can lead to a serious injury when involved in strenuous muscle activities.
Result
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Anabolic steroid increases the muscle’s mass and strength, but not the capacity of the tendons and ligaments which could be damaged in strenuous activities and eventually could cause injuries.
Exercise 4
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Marijuana is the dried buds, flowers, and leaves of Cannabis plants which contains a psychoactive substance called tetrahydrocannabinol. Marijuana smoke also contains an increased amount of cancer-causing substances compared to tobacco smoke which increases the risk of developing cancer. Moreover, marijuana use is also more hazardous than tobacco use, because the inhaled unfiltered smoke from Marijuana stays longer in the lungs that could pose detrimental consequences in the respiratory system since it would increase the absorption rate of the toxic substances from the marijuana smoke.
Result
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Marijuana smoke is more hazardous than tobacco smoke because marijuana smoke contains higher amount of carcinogens and the practice of inhaling the unfiltered smoke in a longer period of time can damage the respiratory system.
Exercise 5
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Since an anabolic steroid is a synthetic testosterone hormone, which is a male sex hormone, that increases muscle mass and strength. Therefore, the health effects of anabolic steroids can be influenced by gender. Naturally, females have lower levels of testosterone than males. Females naturally have 9-55 ng/dL testosterone levels, while males have 300-1000 ng/dL testosterone levels.
Therefore, if a female consumed anabolic steroids, it will increase the female’s testosterone levels that could cause male characteristics, such as baldness, decreased breast size, deeper voice, excessive facial hair, and changes in the menstrual cycle. On the other hand, males with increased testosterone than the normal level can experience baldness, breast development, decreased sperm count, infertility, reduction in testicle size, and a higher risk of prostate cancer.
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Result
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The effect of steroids differs from males to females because an anabolic steroid is a synthetic testosterone hormone that can be normally found in higher levels in males than females
Exercise 6
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WHAT ARE INHALANTS?
Inhalants are volatile substances with psychoactive effects which can be administered through inhalation of vapors.

The General Categories of Inhalants
1. Volatile Solvents are liquids that undergo vaporization at room temperature.
— gasoline, glues, nail polish remover, paint thinners, and paint removers
2. Aerosol sprays are substances that have propellants and solvents.
— deodorant spray, and spray paint
3. Gases are the medical anesthetics that directly affect the CNS.
— halothane, and nitrous oxide
4. Nitrites are muscle relaxants that dilate the blood vessels.
— prescription drugs for chest pain

The Dangers of Inhalants
Inhalants decrease the function of the central nervous system.
Inhalants can cause permanent loss of brain cells which leads to brain damage.
Inhalants can damage the lung’s bronchial tubes, heart, liver, and kidney that can cause various diseases.

Short-term Effects of Inhalants
Coughing
Fatigue
Glassy stare
Impaired judgment
Lack of coordination
Nausea
Nosebleed
Slurred speech

Long-term Effects of Inhalants
Brain damage
Blindness
Paralysis
Cardiac arrest
Death

Result
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Information for the poster on how inhalants affects physical health
Exercise 7
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Marijuana contains a psychoactive substance called tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) which can be found in the dried buds, flowers, and leaves of the Cannabis plants. Marijuana use interferes with the person’s physiological and psychological functions, such as cognition, perception, and motor coordination.
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), an estimate of 10 to 22 percent of the car crash accidents that occur on the highways is drug-related accidents. Marijuana significantly causes impaired driving capability for one to two hours after consumption. Moreover, it can also remain in the user’s system for several days and weeks depending on the duration and dose of marijuana use. Marijuana impairs judgment, induces sleep, increases reaction time, slows down reflexes, and impedes depth perception. These factors affect the person’s driving ability which leads to more serious consequences, such as injuries or even death due to drug-related accidents.
Result
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Public service announcement about the dangers of driving under the influence of marijuana
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