pathogen

toxin

infection

Contagious is also known as communicable disease when one disease is contracted from someone, spreading to another through the environment.

C.

c. contagious

Contagious or infectious is a disease that is spread from one living organism to another through the environment.

b. viruses

Viruses cause the most common cold and flu and can’t be killed with antibiotics.

a. vectors

Vectors include flies, mosquitoes, and ticks, and transmit pathogens to humans or other animals.

Binary fission is a process where bacteria reproduce by dividing in two. Under ideal conditions, binary fission takes about 15 minutes.

Binary fission

Three strategies for reducing the risk of getting or spreading communicable diseases.

1. Hand washing

2. Avoid visiting poultry farms

3. Covering of mouth when you sneeze or cough

1. Hand washing 2. Avoid visiting poultry farms 3. Covering of mouth when you sneeze or cough

My behaviors can affect my health and my community through discipline. Taking care of oneself and preventing the spread of disease also means protecting the people that surround me.

The mucous membrane is found in the lining of various body cavities, including the nose, ears, and mouth. It serves
to protect the inside of your body by trapping the pathogens by preventing their entry.

mucous membrane

The respiratory tract includes the nose, throat, and lungs. It is divided into upper and lower respiratory tracts.

respiratory tract

Pneumonia is a lung infection in which the air sacs of one or both lungs may fill with pus or fluid. It has similar symptoms to those of flu and can be caused by a virus or by bacteria. It may vary from mild to severe.

Pneumonia

Rinsing with mouthwash alone is unlikely to help prevent respiratory tract infection. A pathogen can be transmitted through the nasal passage, touching the mouth, eyes and nose, and close contact with sick people thus, getting a respiratory infection is not limited by the mouth alone.

A.

Antibiotics have become resistant to some TB strains and sometimes, doctors have to prescribe several antibiotics at one time to see which will work for an individual.

d.

Hepatitis C is the most common bloodborne infection in the United States and is the most common reason for liver transplant in the United States. It is most commonly transmitted by direct contact with infected blood-contaminated needles. This liver disease may result in long-term health problems.

c.

The best treatment for the common cold is to get plenty of rest and stay hydrated.

See the explanation

Getting a yearly flu vaccine is especially important for
older adults and people with chronic health problem.

Getting a yearly flu vaccine is especially important for older adults and people with chronic health problem.

Doctors sometimes have to prescribe several antibiotics for a person to treat one disease to see which
kind will work for the individual.

Most of the time, peer pressure contributes to the spread of hepatitis b because of the activities that they usually engage to like illegal drugs, sexual contact, tattoos, and body piercings.

Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response. These may come from the external environment such as chemicals, bacteria, and viruses.

Antigens

Immunity is the state of being protected against a particular disease or infection. It can be an active or
passive immunity.

Immunity

Vaccine is administered through an injection. It causes your immune system to produce disease-fighting antibodies without causing the disease itself.

vaccine

They surround and destroy pathogens. Phagocytes are a type of white blood cells that attack invasive pathogens.
It ingests foreign particles to protect the body.

b.

Passive immunity is temporary and usually lasts only a few weeks or months and can be natural or artificial.

d.

a. vaccines

A vaccine is a preparation of dead or weakened pathogens that are introduced into the body to stimulate an immune response.

C. must be repeated at regular intervals.

C. must be repeated at regular intervals.
It is important to repeat the vaccine at regular intervals to maintain its efficacy and build protection.

1. inflammatory response

2. specific defenses

Inflammatory response and specific defenses

By tracking infections, agencies like CDC and WHO can often predict where the disease might strike next.
This information helps countries prepare and develop their own prevention strategies.

By tracking infections, agencies like CDC and WHO can often predict where the disease might strike next. This information helps countries prepare and develop their own prevention strategies.

Not keeping track of your vaccination might affect its effectivity and making oneself vulnerable to certain diseases that may encounter in the future.

Emerging infections are communicable diseases whose occurrence in humans has increased within the past two decades or threatens to increase in the future. Examples include HIV/AIDS, SARS, and Lyme disease.

Emerging infection

A pandemic occurs when an infectious disease has spread around the world crossing international borders and continents.

Pandemic

Giardia is often caught in activities like swimming when swallowed water is contaminated by harmful strains and not regularly treated with disinfectants or other chemicals. Its symptoms are usually stomach cramps, nausea, and watery diarrhea.

Giardia

Increasing emerging infection threatens the near future and factors like travel, changes in food technology, and resistance to antibiotics play a big part in it.

b.

c. cooking meat thoroughly

Cooking meat to proper temperatures will kill Salmonella and E. coli bacteria.

a. relying on chlorine treatments

a. relying on chlorine treatments
If the water is not regularly treated with disinfectants, chlorine, or other chemicals, you run the risk of getting a recreational water illness, or RWI.

An emerging infection may occur when pathogens change over time, an infection from an animal is passed to humans, and when the infection has spread continuously within the population.

Three steps of pathogen mutation:

1. Pathogens invade the body and cause illness.

2. Antibiotics attack the pathogens.

3. The pathogens that survive the antibiotics reproduce,

creating a new generation of drug-resistant pathogens.

The mobility of people can rapidly spread the disease. A tourist can pick up an infection in another country,
return home and, spread it to his family, friends. and coworkers.

The mobility of people can rapidly spread the disease. A tourist can pick up an infection in another country,
return home and, spread it to his family, friends. and coworkers.