**Primates** are mammalian species that have various important adaptations in life. They have binocular vision, a well-developed brain, complete sets of fingers and toes, and strong arms that can rotate their shoulder joints. Primates compared to other mammals are able to use their eyes efficiently and effectively to perform specific tasks and processes.

The prosimians and anthropoids are the two groups of primates that evolved from a common ancestor. Both groups exhibit adaptations for climbing and swinging through trees such as rotating shoulder joints, and toes and thumbs. They both have a vision, which is advanced compared to other animals, that allows them to perceive depth and distance. However, prosimians look like typical monkeys and they look smaller than anthropoids. They have large nocturnal vision eyes and doglike snouts. On the other hand, anthropoids are humanlike primates.

Huminid evolution is very difficult to tell because it consists of series of many complex evolutionary adaptive changes. For example, if is very very hard to convince that humans and dogs are related. This is because we and dogs went through many evolutionary changes.

See explanation.

**Hominids** have an upright s-shaped spine whereas hominoids have a c-shaped spine. **Hominids** have longer legs than arms whereas hominoids have longer arms than legs. **Hominids** also have a bowl-shaped pelvis with inward thighbones directly below while hominoids have a long and narrow pelvis with thighbones angled away from it.

New World and Old World monkeys got separated when the continents drifted apart. As a result, they developed different adaptations which are suited to the kind of environment where they belong. New World monkeys, from North and South America, are living entirely in trees. Because of their habitat, they have long, flexible arms and long prehensile tails which allow them to swing from one tree to another one.

On the other hand, since Africa and Asia are comprised of lowland tropical forests and montane grasslands, Old World monkeys spend some time in trees and mostly on the ground; hence, they are lacking prehensile tails. Most of their time is spent foraging food in grasslands.