Two types of vascular tissues are xylem and phloem. Xylem is the tissue that transports water from the roots to every part of the plants. Phloem could transport nutrients and carbohydrates throughout the plants.

**Bryophytes** is the term that describes all seedless vascular plants. This group of plant species includes club mosses, horse tails, and ferns, but the most numerous are the ferns.

**Phylum Lycophyta** or **Club mosses** – These are the small plants that thrive in the moist woodland environment, they look like mini pine trees that exist and grow on the forest floor. One example species under this Phyla is the *Lycopodium*.

**Phylum Arthrophyta** — Seedless vascular plants that usually grow around a meter tall. These plant species have leaves, stems, and roots but they are not photosynthetic. The only living example of this group is the *Equisetum* or **horsetail** plant, which has abrasive silica crystals that was previously used during colonial times to scour pots and pans.

**Phylum Pterophyta** or **ferns** – Species that most likely evolved about 350 million years ago, and survived during Earth’s long history as they now have 11,000 species living up to date. Ferns are known to have strong roots, creeping stems called *rhizomes*, and large leaves called *fronds* which helped them to live in areas with little or less light. They can mostly be found in wet or moist environments. An example of this is *Leptochilus pteropus* or the Java fern.

In a fern’s life cycle, the dominant phase is the sporophyte in the diploid phase, wherein the sporophyte plant goes through meiosis to produce haploid spores. When the spores fuse together, a gametophyte plant is formed. A gametophyte plant is under the haploid phase. This part grows independently from the sporophyte.

The presence of vascular tissues in plants allowed the water and nutrients to be transported from the roots going upward to every part of the plant. The seedless vascular plants have reached greater heights compared to bryophytes, which are small in size because they do not have this kind of transport system.

Xylem is the tissue that transports water from the roots to every part of the plants. Phloem could transport nutrients and carbohydrates throughout the plants. Therefore, they are called transport system when they work together.