Home Page Textbooks Prentice Hall Biology (California) Section 2.4: Chemical Reaction and Enzymes

Prentice Hall Biology (California)

1st Edition

Kenneth R. Miller, Levine

ISBN: 9780132013529

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Section 2.4: Chemical Reaction and Enzymes

Exercise 1

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Solution 2

Solution 3

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$textbf{Chemical reaction}$ is a process in which one or more reactants are converted to one or more various substances or products. The products can either be chemical compounds of elements.

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Chemical reaction change the bonds in the constituent atoms– often they are formed or broken to create new or different products

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Chemical reactions always involve the breaking of bonds in reactants and the formation of new bonds in products.

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See explanation for answer.

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Chemical bonds are broken and new bonds will be formed.

Exercise 2

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Solution 3

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For a chemical reaction to take place, the reactants must collide with enough energy so that existing bonds will be broken and new bonds will be formed.

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Chemical reactions that release energy often occur spontaneously. Chemical reactions that absorb energy will not occur without a source of energy.

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See explanation for answer.

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Chemical reactions can either release or absorb energy. Some chemical reactions are spontaneous and would release energy, while others may require energy in order to proceed.

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In a chemical reaction, energy can be described as the speed of the reactant molecules in a system. The more energy a system has, the faster the reactants are moving, and the more likely they would collide and cause a chemical reaction to occur.

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It is also important that these reactant molecules would need to collide with enough force and at the correct positions in order for existing chemical bonds to break and new bonds to form.

Exercise 3

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$textbf{Enzymes}$ are biomolecules usually composed of polypeptide chains that act as a catalyst of reaction in living organisms.

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It regulates the rate at which chemical reactions take place and proceed within the cells by binding in the target molecules without itself being altered in the process.

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Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions that take place in cells.

Exercise 4

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$textbf{Enzymes}$ are biomolecules usually composed of polypeptide chains that act as a catalyst of reaction in living organisms.

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It regulates the rate at which chemical reactions take place and proceed within the cells by binding in the target molecules without itself being altered in the process.

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Enzymes provide the site where reactants (substrates) can be combined together for reaction. The substrates bind to the site on the enzyme called the $text{underline{active site}}$, this eventually forms the “enzyme-substrate complex”. This causes a reduction in the activation energy needed for the given reaction

Exercise 5

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$textbf{pH}$ is the measurement used to specify and identify the acidity or basicity of a solution.

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If the change in the value of pH changes the shape of protein, it might result in the unfitting of enzyme and substrate.

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In this case, the enzyme would not be able to speed up and regulate the chemical reaction.

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Section 2.4: Chemical Reaction and Enzymes

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