The three types of RNA are Messenger RNA, Ribosomal RNA, and Transfer RNA. Messenger RNA carry information from DNA to other parts of the cell. Ribosomal RNA forms an important part of both subunits of the ribosome and Transfer RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the coded mRNA message.

In the process of transcription, an information or a particular segment in the DNA is used as a template and copied into the RNA by an enzyme called RNA polymerase. Once copied, the RNA leaves the nucleus and goes into the cytoplasm to undergo the process of translation.

The process of translation involves the conversion of a messenger RNA sequence into an amino acid sequence. This process occurs within ribosomes, which are sites of protein synthesis.

During translation, ribosomes first bind onto the messenger RNA to be translated. Once bound, the ribosomes then recruit transfer RNA that carry amino acids into their active sites.

From here, transfer RNA adds amino acids to form a polypeptide chain according to the genetic information that is encoded in the messenger RNA until the protein is fully synthesized.

There are several differences between DNA and RNA. One of them is that the structure of DNA contains *deoxyribos*e sugar, while the structure of RNA contains *ribose* sugar.

Another difference between DNA and RNA is that the structure of DNA is usually *double-stranded*, while the structure of RNA is usually *single-stranded*. In some cases, RNA may also be double-stranded.

Lastly, both DNA and RNA contain the bases adenine, guanine, and cytosine. However, the base *thymine* can only be found in DNA, while the base *uracil* can only be found in RNA.

According to the genetic code, the amino acids found in the messenger RNA strand codes UGGCAGUGC are tryptophan, glutamine, and cysteine.

UGG – Tryptophan
CAG – Glutamine
UGC – Cysteine