Here are the rules of base pairing between DNA strands:

1. cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G)
2. thymine (T) pairs with adenine (A)

Considering the rules of base pairing shown above, the base pair for TATGA is ATACT.

C. ATACT

DNA contains deoxyribose and phosphate backbone, whereas RNA has ribose and a phosphate backbone.

In addition, the nitrogenous bases for DNA are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. However, in RNA, it contains adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine.

A. RNA contains uracil and ribose

A. Here are the rules of base pairing between DNA strands:

1. cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G)
2. thymine (T) pairs with adenine (A)

B. Here are the rules of base pairing between DNA strands and mRNA during DNA replication:

1. cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G)
2. adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U)

Considering the rules of base pairing shown above, adenine pairs with thymine and uracil.

D. thymine and uracil

In biology, translation refers to the process in which a genetic code from the mRNA is decoded by the ribosome in order to produce proteins.

C. translation

DNA, which has a double helix structure, contains deoxyribose and phosphate backbone. The nitrogenous bases for DNA are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. On the other hand, RNA has ribose and a phosphate backbone. Its nucleotide bases contain adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine.

Therefore, the answer is D. It is because DNA does not contain adenine and uracil pairs.

D. contains adenine-uracil pairs

Hershey and Chase conducted an experiment using radioactive substances, bacteriophage, and a bacterium to identify whether the gene is made of DNA or protein. They found out that the genetic material of the bacteriophage is a DNA.

A. Genes are probably made of DNA.

In translation, the transfer RNA receives the instructions and delivers the right amino acids and the anticodon to the codon on the messenger RNA. Therefore, the anticodon is found on the transfer RNA.

C. transfer RNA

According to Chargaff’s rules, the DNA must have a 1:1 ratio of purine and pyrimidine for the base pairing. This means that the amount of cytosine should be equal to the amount of guanine, and the amount of adenine should be equal to the amount of thymine. Among the three samples, samples A and C contain equal amounts of purine and pyrimidine.

D. Samples A and C

Since thymine is replaced by uracil in RNA, the percentage of uracil in sample B is 10.

A. 10

In biology, the process of transcription occurs when RNA is produced by copying the nucleotide bases of DNA.

E. transcription

According to the Watson and Crick’s model of DNA, DNA has a double helix structure which consists of two sugar phosphate backbones that make up the sides and nitrogen bases, which are held by hydrogen bonds, that make up the steps.

B. Double helix

Mutation occurs when there are changes in the structure of the genetic material of an organism. It is usually caused by the changes in the arrangement of base units that are found in the DNA.

A. mutation