Advanced Functions 12
Advanced Functions 12
1st Edition
Chris Kirkpatrick, Kristina Farentino, Susanne Trew
ISBN: 9780176678326
Table of contents
Textbook solutions

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Page 277: Practice Questions

Exercise 1
Step 1
1 of 5
#### (a)

$textbf{Equation of reciprocal function}$ is:

$y=dfrac{1}{f(x)}=dfrac{1}{x-3}$

We can conclude that $textbf{vertical asymptote}$ is $x=3$.

Exercise scan

Step 2
2 of 5
#### (b)

$textbf{Equation of reciprocal function}$ is:

$y=dfrac{1}{f(q)}=dfrac{1}{-4q+6}$

We can conclude that $textbf{vertical asymptote}$ is $q=dfrac{3}{2}$.

Exercise scan

Step 3
3 of 5
#### (c)

$textbf{Equation of reciprocal function}$ is:

$y=dfrac{1}{f(z)}=dfrac{1}{z^2+4z-5}=dfrac{1}{(z-1)(z+5)}$

We can conclude that $textbf{vertical asymptotes}$ are $z=1$ and $z=-5$.

Exercise scan

Step 4
4 of 5
#### (d)

$textbf{Equation of reciprocal function}$ is:

$y=dfrac{1}{f(d)}=dfrac{1}{6d^2+7d-3}=dfrac{1}{(d-dfrac{1}{3})(d+dfrac{3}{2})}$

We can conclude that $textbf{vertical asymptotes}$ are $d=dfrac{1}{3}$ and $d=-dfrac{3}{2}$.

Exercise scan

Result
5 of 5
see solution
Exercise 2
Step 1
1 of 5
#### (a)

$textbf{The domain and range}$ are the same set, $D=R=Bbb{R}$;

$x$-intercepts is $x=-dfrac{3}{2}$

This function is $textbf{negative}$ on interval $(-infty,-dfrac{3}{2})$ and $textbf{positive}$ on interval $(-dfrac{3}{2},+infty)$;

It is always $textbf{increasing}$.

$textbf{The equation of reciprocal function}$ is $y=dfrac{1}{4x+6}$ and on following graph are original function and reciprocal:

Exercise scan

Step 2
2 of 5
#### (b)

$textbf{The domain}$ of this fumction is set $D=Bbb{R}$ and $textbf{range}$ is set $R=left{yinBbb{R}|y>-4 right}$;

$x$-intercepts are $x=2$ and $x=-2$

This function is $textbf{negative}$ on interval $(-2,2)$ and $textbf{positive}$ on intervals $(-infty,-2)$ and $(2,+infty)$;

It is $textbf{increasing}$ on $(-infty,0)$ and $textbf{decreasing}$ on $(0,+infty)$.

$textbf{The equation of reciprocal function}$ is $y=dfrac{1}{x^2-4}$ and on following graph are original function and reciprocal:

Exercise scan

Step 3
3 of 5
#### (c)

$textbf{The domain}$ of this fumction is set $D=Bbb{R}$ and $textbf{range}$ is set $R=left{yinBbb{R}|y>6 right}$;

This function has no $x$-intercepts

This function is always $textbf{positive}$;

It is $textbf{decreasing}$ on $(-infty,0)$ and $textbf{inreasing}$ on $(0,+infty)$.

$textbf{The equation of reciprocal function}$ is $y=dfrac{1}{x^2+6}$ and on following graph are original function and reciprocal:

Exercise scan

Step 4
4 of 5
#### (d)

$textbf{The domain and range}$ are the same set, $D=R=Bbb{R}$;

$x$-intercepts is $x=-2$

This function is $textbf{negative}$ on interval $(-2,+infty)$ and $textbf{positive}$ on interval $(-infty,-2)$;

It is always $textbf{decreasing}$.

$textbf{The equation of reciprocal function}$ is $y=dfrac{1}{-2x-4}$ and on following graph are original function and reciprocal:

Exercise scan

Result
5 of 5
see solution
Exercise 3
Step 1
1 of 2
For example, let’s take function $f(x)=dfrac{p(x)}{q(x)}$ which we will analyse:

(1) $textbf{Hole}$, at $x=b$ if $dfrac{p(b)}{q(b)}=dfrac{0}{0}$;

(2) $textbf{Vertical asymptote}$ at $x=b$ if $dfrac{p(b)}{q(b)}=dfrac{p(b)}{0}$;

(3) $textbf{Horizontal asymptote}$ when the degree of $p(x)$ is less than or equal to the degree of $q(x)$;

(4) $textbf{Oblique asymptote}$ only when the degree of $p(x)$ is greater than the degree of $q(x)$ by exactly $1$.

Result
2 of 2
hole, vertical asymptote, horizontal asymptote, oblique asymptote
Exercise 4
Step 1
1 of 2
#### (a)

We can conclude that this function has $textbf{vertical asymptote}$ at $x=2$ and $textbf{horizontal asymptote}$ at $y=1$.
#### (b)

This function has $textbf{hole}$ at $x=1$ because of:

$y=dfrac{x-1}{3x-3}=dfrac{x-1}{3(x-1)}=dfrac{1}{3}$, $xne1$
#### (c)

We can conclude that this function has $textbf{vertical asymptote}$ at $x=-dfrac{1}{2}$ and $textbf{horizontal asymptote}$ at $y=-dfrac{7}{4}$.
#### (d)

We can conclude that this function has $textbf{vertical asymptote}$ at $x=6$ and $textbf{oblique asymptote}$ because degree of the expression in the numerator is larger than the expression in the denominator for $1$.
#### (e)

We can conclude that this function has $textbf{vertical asymptotes}$ at $x=-5$ and $x=3$ $textbf{horizontal asymptote}$ at $y=0$, because:

$$
y=dfrac{1}{x^2+2x-15}=dfrac{1}{(x+5)(x-3)}
$$

Result
2 of 2
(a) horizontal asymptote at $y=1$ and vertical at $x=2$;

(b)hole at $x=1$;

(c)horizontal asymptote at $y=-dfrac{7}{4}$ and vertical at $x=-dfrac{1}{2}$;

(d)vertical asymptote at $x=6$ and oblique asymptote;

(e)horizontal asymptote at $y=0$ and vertical at $x=-5$ and $x=3$

Exercise 5
Step 1
1 of 2
$textbf{Horizontal asymptotes}$ had functions at parts (a) (c) and (e).

At part (a) it was a function $y=dfrac{x}{x-2}$ and equation of its $textbf{horizontal asymptote}$ is $y=1$.

At part (c) it was a function $y=dfrac{-7x}{4x+2}$ and equation of its $textbf{horizontal asymptote}$ is $y=-dfrac{7}{4}$.

At part (e) it was a function $y=dfrac{1}{x^2+2x-15}$ and equation of its $textbf{horizontal asymptote}$ is $y=0$.

Result
2 of 2
$y=dfrac{x}{x-2}$, $y=1$; $y=dfrac{-7x}{4x+2}$, $y=-dfrac{7}{4}$; $y=dfrac{1}{x^2+2x-15}$, $y=0$.
Exercise 6
Step 1
1 of 5
#### (a)

$textbf{Domain}$ of this function is set $D=left{xinBbb{R}|xne6 right}$;

$textbf{Vertical asymptote}$ is at $x=6$ and $textbf{horizontal}$ is at $y=0$;

This function is $textbf{positive}$ on interval $(6,+infty)$ and $textbf{negative}$ on $(-infty,6)$;

This function is always $textbf{decreasing}$ ;

$x$-intercept is point $(5,0)$ and $y$-intercept is point $(0,-dfrac{5}{6})$

On the following picture is its $textbf{graph}$:

Exercise scan

Step 2
2 of 5
#### (b)

$textbf{Domain}$ of this function is set $D=left{xinBbb{R}|xne-4 right}$;

$textbf{Vertical asymptote}$ is at $x=-4$ and $textbf{horizontal}$ is at $y=3$;

This function is $textbf{positive}$ on interval $(-infty,-4)$ and $(0,+infty)$ $textbf{negative}$ on $(-4,0)$;

This function is always $textbf{increasing}$ ;

$x$-intercept and $y$-intercept is point $(0,0)$;

On the following picture is its $textbf{graph}$:

Exercise scan

Step 3
3 of 5
#### (c)

$textbf{Domain}$ of this function is set $D=left{xinBbb{R}|xne-2 right}$;

It has $textbf{a hole}$ at $x=-2$;

This function is always $textbf{positive}$;

On the following picture there is a $textbf{graph}$ of this function:

Exercise scan

Step 4
4 of 5
#### (d)

$textbf{Domain}$ of this function is set $D=left{xinBbb{R}|xnedfrac{1}{2} right}$;

$textbf{Vertical asymptote}$ is at $x=dfrac{1}{2}$ and $textbf{horizontal}$ is at $y=-dfrac{1}{2}$;

This function is $textbf{positive}$ on interval $(-infty,dfrac{1}{2})$ and on $(2,+infty)$ and $textbf{negative}$ on $(dfrac{1}{2},2)$;

This function is always $textbf{increasing}$ ;

$x$-intercept is point $(2,0)$ and $y$-intercept is point $(0,5)$;

On the following picture is its $textbf{graph}$:

Exercise scan

Result
5 of 5
see solution
Exercise 7
Step 1
1 of 2
First, function $y=dfrac{7x+6}{x}$ has $textbf{horizontal asymptote}$ at $y=7$ and $textbf{vertical asymptote}$ at $x=0$, it has $x$-intercept at point $(-dfrac{6}{7},0)$ and is always $textbf{decreasing}$.

Function $y=dfrac{7x+6}{x+1}$ has $textbf{horizontal asymptote}$ at $y=7$ and $textbf{vertical asymptote}$ at $x=-1$, it has $x$-intercept at point $(-dfrac{6}{7},0)$ and $y$-intercept at point $(0,6)$ and it is always $textbf{increasing}$.

And those two functions will not give him the same result because one is always decreasing and the other one is incresing, this means that those functions has different behaviour at their ends, for large values of $x$.

Result
2 of 2
see solution
Exercise 8
Step 1
1 of 2
We will calculate value for $n$ from condition in task that function $f(x)$ has $textbf{vertical asymptote}$ at $x=6$, it means next:

$2-ncdot6=0$ $Rightarrow$ $6cdot{n}=2$ $Rightarrow$ $n=dfrac{2}{6}=dfrac{1}{3}$

Value for $m$ we will calculate from condition in task that $x$-intercept is point $(5,0)$:

$0=f(5)=dfrac{7cdot5-m}{2-dfrac{1}{3}cdot5}=dfrac{35-m}{2-dfrac{1}{3}cdot5}$ $Rightarrow$ $35-m=0$ $Rightarrow$ $m=35$

Result
2 of 2
$n=dfrac{1}{3}$, $m=35$
Exercise 9
Step 1
1 of 2
According to conditions in task, it suppoused to be hole at $x=-2$, so, it may be function:

$y=dfrac{4x+8}{x+2}$

This function has domain like in task, has no vertical asymptote, has a hole at $x=-2$ and has vertical asymptote at $y=4$.

Result
2 of 2
$y=dfrac{4x+8}{x+2}$
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Chapter 1: Functions: Characteristics and Properties
Page 2: Getting Started
Section 1-1: Functions
Section 1-2: Exploring Absolute Value
Section 1-3: Properties of Graphs of Functions
Section 1-4: Sketching Graphs of Functions
Section 1-5: Inverse Relations
Section 1-6: Piecewise Functions
Section 1-7: Exploring Operations with Functions
Page 62: Chapter Self-Test
Chapter 2: Functions: Understanding Rates of Change
Page 66: Getting Started
Section 2-1: Determining Average Rate of Change
Section 2-2: Estimating Instantaneous Rates of Change from Tables of Values and Equations
Section 2-3: Exploring Instantaneous Rates of Change Using Graphs
Section 2-4: Using Rates of Change to Create a Graphical Model
Section 2-5: Solving Problems Involving Rates of Change
Page 118: Chapter Self-Test
Chapter 3: Polynomial Functions
Page 122: Getting Started
Section 3-1: Exploring Polynomial Functions
Section 3-2: Characteristics of Polynomial Functions
Section 3-3: Characteristics of Polynomial Functions in Factored Form
Section 3-4: Transformation of Cubic and Quartic Functions
Section 3-5: Dividing Polynomials
Section 3-6: Factoring Polynomials
Section 3-7: Factoring a Sum or Difference of Cubes
Page 186: Chapter Self-Test
Page 188: Cumulative Review
Page 155: Check Your Understanding
Page 161: Practice Questions
Page 182: Check Your Understanding
Page 184: Practice Questions
Chapter 4: Polynomial Equations and Inequalities
Page 194: Getting Started
Section 4-1: Solving Polynomial Equations
Section 4-2: Solving Linear Inequalities
Section 4-3: Solving Polynomial Inequalities
Section 4-4: Rates of Change in Polynomial Functions
Page 242: Chapter Self-Test
Chapter 5: Rational Functions, Equations, and Inequalities
Page 246: Getting Started
Section 5-1: Graphs of Reciprocal Functions
Section 5-2: Exploring Quotients of Polynomial Functions
Section 5-3: Graphs of Rational Functions of the Form f(x) 5 ax 1 b cx 1 d
Section 5-4: Solving Rational Equations
Section 5-5: Solving Rational Inequalities
Section 5-6: Rates of Change in Rational Functions
Page 310: Chapter Self-Test
Chapter 6: Trigonometric Functions
Page 314: Getting Started
Section 6-1: Radian Measure
Section 6-2: Radian Measure and Angles on the Cartesian Plane
Section 6-3: Exploring Graphs of the Primary Trigonometric Functions
Section 6-4: Transformations of Trigonometric Functions
Section 6-5: Exploring Graphs of the Reciprocal Trigonometric Functions
Section 6-6: Modelling with Trigonometric Functions
Section 6-7: Rates of Change in Trigonometric Functions
Page 378: Chapter Self-Test
Page 380: Cumulative Review
Chapter 7: Trigonometric Identities and Equations
Page 386: Getting Started
Section 7-1: Exploring Equivalent Trigonometric Functions
Section 7-2: Compound Angle Formulas
Section 7-3: Double Angle Formulas
Section 7-4: Proving Trigonometric Identities
Section 7-5: Solving Linear Trigonometric Equations
Section 7-6: Solving Quadratic Trigonometric Equations
Page 441: Chapter Self-Test
Chapter 8: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Page 446: Getting Started
Section 8-1: Exploring the Logarithmic Function
Section 8-2: Transformations of Logarithmic Functions
Section 8-3: Evaluating Logarithms
Section 8-4: Laws of Logarithms
Section 8-5: Solving Exponential Equations
Section 8-6: Solving Logarithmic Equations
Section 8-7: Solving Problems with Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Section 8-8: Rates of Change in Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Page 512: Chapter Self-Test
Chapter 9: Combinations of Functions
Page 516: Getting Started
Section 9-1: Exploring Combinations of Functions
Section 9-2: Combining Two Functions: Sums and Differences
Section 9-3: Combining Two Functions: Products
Section 9-4: Exploring Quotients of Functions
Section 9-5: Composition of Functions
Section 9-6: Techniques for Solving Equations and Inequalities
Section 9-7: Modelling with Functions
Page 578: Chapter Self-Test
Page 580: Cumulative Review
Page 542: Further Your Understanding
Page 544: Practice Questions
Page 569: Check Your Understanding
Page 576: Practice Questions