B. glucose and oxygen

E. pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of reactions

To start glycolysis, the cells need to use 2 ATP molecules. This process can be similar to a person spending money as an investment in order to earn an interest in the end. Once glycolysis is complete, 4 ATP molecules will be produced. As a result, there is a net gain of 2 ATP molecules during this process.

A. ATP

Cellular respiration takes place inside the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. It is the metabolic reaction that takes place when an energy is released by the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen.

C. mitochondria

The yeast cells in the dough give off bubbles of carbon dioxide and a small amount of alcohol. The bubbles allows the bread to rise, whereas the alcohol evaporates once the bread is baked.

C. carbon dioxide

Since only single-celled organisms such as bacteria and yeast can do alcohol fermentation, human cells are not capable of performing it. To obtain the energy needed, the human body uses glycolysis, which is the first step in releasing the energy in glucose, and the ATP produced from three sources – stored ATP, ATP from lactic acid fermentation and cellular respiration.

D. alcoholic fermentation

Bacteria cells work best when heated. However, a temperature that is hotter than the ideal temperature for bacteria cells will eventually cause the cells to stop fermenting. In this case, as the temperature increases, the rate of fermentation also goes up, However, once the temperature reaches 30 degrees Celsius, the rate of fermentation will decrease.

C. The rate of fermentation increases with temperature, then it rapidly decreases.

According to the data in the graph, once the temperature reaches 30 degrees Celsius, the rate of fermentation will decrease. This indicates that the yeast cannot survive a temperature that goes above 30 degrees Celsius.

C. The yeast cannot survive at temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius