Nelson Science Perspectives 10
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780176355289
Textbook solutions
All Solutions
Section 11-9: Images in Curved Mirrors
Exercise 1
Solution 1
Solution 2
Result
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Convex mirrors are used in school class and libraries to see the full view of the area. This is possible because images formed by convex mirror is smaller in size and therefore offers a wide field of view.
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These are used in school class and libraries so the full view of the area can be seen because images which are formed are smaller which offers a wider view.
Result
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These are used in school class and libraries so the full view of the area can be seen.
Exercise 2
Solution 1
Solution 2
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The main difference between real and virtual image is that the real one can be seen on the screen and the virtual one cannot, also, real images are formed by converging rays of light, and virtual are formed by their extensions since they diverge.
Result
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The real one can be seen on the screen and the virtual one cannot, also, real images are formed by converging rays of light, and virtual are formed by their extensions since they diverge.
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Real images are formed on a screen (this screen may be a screen, a projector screen or the retina of the eye). These are formed by the actual intersection of light rays. Virtual images are however, not formed on a screen and are not formed by the actual intersection of light rays, but a point where the brain and the eye imagines the reflected light from the object to be coming from.
Exercise 3
Solution 1
Solution 2
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Result
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Black lines on the Ray diagram show the incoming rays of light, which will, in this case, case of the plane mirror, converge after being reflected to a single point which is focus of the concave mirror. (grey dot and rays are red lines)
Step 1
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Concave mirrors reflect light rays towards their foci. This means that a parallel beam of light will converge to the focus of a concave mirror on reflection according to the diagram shown below:
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Diagram: Concave mirror is shown by the curved blue line. The black lines represent the parallel beam of light. The red lines represent the reflected rays. All the reflected rays converge to a single point. This is the focus of the concave mirror shown.
Exercise 4
Solution 1
Solution 2
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Two imaging rules of concave mirrors are:
1., Ray of light which is parallel to the principal axis will always be reflected towards the focus of the mirror on reflection.
2., Ray of light which is passing through the focus of the mirror will always be reflected parallel to the principal axis on the reflection.
In order to make image of an object we have to draw two lines from the top of the objects while one of them will be parallel to the principal axis which passes through the focus of the lens and the other which is passing through the focus which reflects parallel to the principal axis and that point of intersection will be the location of the top of the image of that object.
Result
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We have to draw two lines from the top of the objects while one of them will be parallel to the principal axis which passes through the focus of the lens and the other which is passing through the focus which reflects parallel to the principal axis and that point of intersection will be the location of the top of the image of that object.
Step 1
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There are 2 imaging rules of concave mirrors:
1. A ray of light parallel to the principal axis is always reflected towards the focus of the mirror on reflection.
2. A ray of light passing through the focus of the mirror is always reflected parallel to the principal axis on reflection.
Therefore, in order to make the image of an object in front of a concave mirror 2 lines are drawn from the top of the object 1 parallel to the principal axis which passes through the focus of the lens on reflection and the other passing through the focus which reflects parallel to the principal axis. These 2 reflected rays intersect at a point. This point of intersection is the location of the top of the image of the object. The image can then be drawn.
1. A ray of light parallel to the principal axis is always reflected towards the focus of the mirror on reflection.
2. A ray of light passing through the focus of the mirror is always reflected parallel to the principal axis on reflection.
Therefore, in order to make the image of an object in front of a concave mirror 2 lines are drawn from the top of the object 1 parallel to the principal axis which passes through the focus of the lens on reflection and the other passing through the focus which reflects parallel to the principal axis. These 2 reflected rays intersect at a point. This point of intersection is the location of the top of the image of the object. The image can then be drawn.
Exercise 5
Solution 1
Solution 2
Result
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Concave mirrors are used for shaving and applying makeup more precisely. For this, the object, that is the human must be within the focal length of the mirror to form a virtual image, that is upright and magnified.
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Mirrors which are used for shaving and for make up are concave ones.
They are used because if the face is positioned at the right distance from the mirror, image will be upright and magnified, and that location is within the focal length.
Result
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Head has to be located within the focal length.
Exercise 6
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Result
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Real image can be produced if object is virtual, placed behind the mirror which is shown on the diagram above.
Exercise 7
Solution 1
Solution 2
Step 1
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$textit{a.}$, Mirror is convex.
$textit{b.}$, Image is placed behind the mirror.
$textit{c.}$, Image is virtual, upright and smaller than the object.
Result
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$textit{a.}$, convex
$textit{b.}$, behind the mirror
$textit{c.}$, virtual, upright and smaller than the object.
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The image produced is:
c. Virtual, upright and smaller in size than the object and is
b. located behind the mirror.
Such images are only produced by convex mirrors so this must me a convex mirror.
c. Virtual, upright and smaller in size than the object and is
b. located behind the mirror.
Such images are only produced by convex mirrors so this must me a convex mirror.
Result
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Click to see answers.
Exercise 8
Solution 1
Solution 2
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$textit{a.}$, Image is real, inverted and smaller than the object.
Step 2
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$textit{b.}$, Image is real, inverted and same size as the object.
Step 3
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$textit{c.}$, Image is virtual, upright and smaller than the object.
Result
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$textit{a.}$, Image is real, inverted and smaller than the object.
$textit{b.}$, Image is real, inverted and same size as the object.
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a. The mirror is represented by the thick black line. The blue line is the principal axis. The red arrow represents the object and the purple arrow represents the image. Note that the image is real, inverted and smaller than the object.
Step 2
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b. The mirror is represented by the thick black line. The blue line is the principal axis. The red arrow represents the object and the purple arrow represents the image. Note that the image is real, inverted and same size as the object.
Step 3
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c. The mirror is represented by the thick black line. The blue line is the principal axis. The red arrow represents the object and the purple arrow represents the image. Note that the image is virtual, upright and smaller than the object.
Result
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Click to see answers.
Exercise 9
Step 1
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The attitude of the image depends on the type of the image. $color{#c34632}text{Real}$ images are always $color{#c34632}text{inverted}$ while $color{#4257b2}text{virtual}$ images are always $color{#4257b2}text{upright}$.
Result
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$color{#c34632}text{Real}$ images are always $color{#c34632}text{inverted}$ while $color{#4257b2}text{virtual}$ images are always $color{#4257b2}text{upright}$.
Exercise 10
Solution 1
Solution 2
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$textit{a.}$, Since convex mirrors form virtual, upright image which is smaller than the object it gives wider picture of surrounding which helps driver to notice other vehicles.
$textit{b.}$, They are used when the are no surveillance cameras in order to keep different zones under observation.
Result
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$textit{a.}$, It gives wider picture of surrounding which helps driver to notice other vehicles.
$textit{b.}$, They are used when the are no surveillance cameras in order to keep different zones under observation.
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a.
Convex mirrors, because of their virtual focus always create images that are virtual in nature and upright in attitude but smaller in size, therefore these mirrors offer a wide field of view and therefore used on turns in parking garages to give drivers a view of any approaching vehicle(s) on turns.
Convex mirrors, because of their virtual focus always create images that are virtual in nature and upright in attitude but smaller in size, therefore these mirrors offer a wide field of view and therefore used on turns in parking garages to give drivers a view of any approaching vehicle(s) on turns.
Step 2
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b. Convex mirrors are also used in stores to keep different zones under observation where cameras are not installed.
Result
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Click to see answers.
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