Home Page Textbooks Nelson Science Perspectives 10 Page 218: Self-Quiz

Nelson Science Perspectives 10

1st Edition

Christy C. Hayhoe, Doug Hayhoe, Jeff Major, Maurice DiGiuseppe

ISBN: 9780176355289

Textbook solutions

All Solutions

Page 218: Self-Quiz

Exercise 11

Step 1

1 of 2

The substance under observation must be made to react in order to determine its chemical properties. For example all acids on reaction with metal carbonates form salt, water and release carbon dioxide.

Result

2 of 2

Click to see answer.

Exercise 12

Step 1

1 of 2

Ionic compounds are electrically neutral because the number of electrons lost by the participating metal are all gained by the participating non-metal to form the compound.

Result

2 of 2

Click to see answer.

Exercise 13

Step 1

1 of 2

Elements with the same number of valence electrons in their outermost orbit are placed in the same group of the periodic table. These elements are referred to as families because both the physical and chemical properties of elements lying the same group are similar. For example all group $1$ alkali metals react violently with group 7 halides to form metallic halides.

Result

2 of 2

Click to see answer.

Exercise 14

Step 1

1 of 2

An element is a substance that can not be broken down into simpler substances. This does not mean that it can not undergo chemical changes. Elements chemically react with other elements to form a variety of compounds.

Result

2 of 2

Click to see answer.

Exercise 15

Step 1

1 of 3

All metals form positive ions by losing electrons while all non-metals form anions by gaining electrons.

All metals form basic oxides while all non-metals form acidic oxides.

Step 2

2 of 3

Most metals have high melting and boiling points. They are mostly solids at r.t.p. They have high densities, are malleable and ductile and good conductors of heat and electricity.

Non metals have low melting and boiling points. They exists as liquids or gases at r.t.p. They have low densities and bad conductors of heat and electricity. (They only exception is graphite which is a good conductor of electricity).

Result

3 of 3

Click to see answer.

Exercise 16

Step 1

1 of 2

Elements on the left hand side of the periodic table form ions by losing electrons. Elements of group 1 form ions by losing 1 electron, elements of group $2$ form ions by losing 2 electrons and elements of group 3 form ions by losing 3 electrons. Elements of group 4 form molecular compounds by sharing electrons, while group 5 onwards, elements form ions by gaining electrons. Elements of group V form ions by gaining 3 electrons, elements of group VI form ions by gaining 2 electrons and elements of group VII form ions by gaining 1 electron.

Result

2 of 2

Click to see answer.

Exercise 17

Result

1 of 1

By studying chemical properties, a substance’s bond characteristics and reactivity can be predicated within various solvents

Exercise 18

Step 1

1 of 3

Boiling is the state of liquid when the vapor pressure of liquid becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure above its surface. Pure water boils at 100$text{textdegree}$C at standard temperature and pressure. This is the point when liquid molecules of water gain energy to break away from the liquid body and convert to steam. This is a state change of water from liquid to gas and is only a physical change and not a chemical one.

Step 2

2 of 3

b.
Calcium carbonate on reaction with hydrochloric acids produces calcium chloride, water and carbon dioxide gas. The 2 reactants become consumed to form new products and this is a chemical change.

Equation of the reaction:

$$
mathrm{CaCO_3{(s)} + 2HCl{(aq)} longrightarrow CaCl_{2(aq)} + H_2O_{(g)}+ CO_{2(g)}}
$$

Result

3 of 3

Click to see answer.

Exercise 19

Step 1

1 of 2

Atoms form the simplest particle of an element. They are electrically neutral units where the number of protons and electrons are equal. Some of these atoms however do not have a stable electronic configuration and in order to achieve this stable electronic configuration, they undergo a change to form ions by either gaining or losing electrons. Metals lose electrons to form positively charged cations, while non-metals gain electrons to form negatively charged anions.

Result

2 of 2

Click to see answer.

Exercise 20

Step 1

1 of 4

Boiling is a change of state and is a physical change and not a chemical change.

Step 2

2 of 4

Silver jewellery tarnishing in air is a chemical change where the silver metal in the jewellery reacts with the atmosphere to form the tarnish.

Step 3

3 of 4

Ignition of propane is a chemical change also known as combustion. In abundance of air, combustion of propane produces carbon dioxide and water.

Result

4 of 4

Click to see answer.

Exercise 21

Result

1 of 1

The hydroxyl radical in dihydrogen monoxide can denature proteins, mutate DNA, and disrupt cell membranes.

Exercise 22

Step 1

1 of 3

The word poly means many, atomic means to do with atoms and ion means that an atom has lost or gained electrons to form ions.

Step 2

2 of 3

The term polyatomic ion means those ions that are made by more than 1 element and have a certain charge on them. For example NH$_4^+$ has a positive charge on it.

Result

3 of 3

Click to see answer.

Exercise 23

Result

1 of 1

placing jewelry into a solution that removes rust involves a chemical change, where bending jewelry is an example of a physical change.

Exercise 24

Step 1

1 of 3

Addition of sodium metal to water will lead to a chemical change where the sodium metal will react violently with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas:

$$
mathrm{2Na_{(s)} + 2H_{2}O_{(l)} longrightarrow 2NaOH_{(aq)} + H_{2(g)}}
$$

Step 2

2 of 3

Addition of copper(II) sulfate salt to water will lead to a physical change where the salt will dissolve in water to form a blue solution.

$$
mathrm{CaSO_{4(s)} + H_{2}O_{(l)} longrightarrow CaSO_{4(aq)} + H_2O_{(aq)}}
$$

Result

3 of 3

Click to see answer.

unlock

All Solutions

Page 218: Self-Quiz

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards