Home Page Textbooks Nelson Science Perspectives 10 Section 11-4: The Ray Model of Light

Nelson Science Perspectives 10

1st Edition

Christy C. Hayhoe, Doug Hayhoe, Jeff Major, Maurice DiGiuseppe

ISBN: 9780176355289

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Section 11-4: The Ray Model of Light

Exercise 1

Solution 1

Solution 2

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$textit{a,}$ Two parts are reflective part and transparent part. Reflective part is usually a thin layer of silver or aluminium over which is a layer of glass which is a transparent part.

$textit{b.}$, Reflective layer gives the mirror reflective properties and transparent layer protects the reflective one.

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$textit{a.}$, Reflective part: thin layer of silver or aluminium
Transparent part: Layer of glass.

$textit{b.}$, Reflective part gives reflective properties to the mirror.

Transparent part: protects reflective part.

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a.
Mirrors are made by painting a thin layer of silver (or aluminum) on a sheet of glass.

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b.
The shiny layer of silver (or aluminum) paint gives the mirror its reflective properties while the glass on the paint protects the paint from any damage or scratches.

Exercise 2

Solution 1

Solution 2

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Geometrical optics is a term which is used to represent ray diagrams in a figure.

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Geometrical optics is a term which is used to represent ray diagrams in a figure.

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Geometrical optics is a term used to represent ray diagrams in a figure (or said situation).

Exercise 3

Solution 1

Solution 2

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A textbook is opaque.

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A frosted glass is translucent.

Step 3

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A single sheet of thin tissue paper is translucent.

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A clean sheet of glass is transparent.

Step 5

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A rock is opaque.

Step 6

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Clean air is transparent.

Step 7

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Apple juice is translucent.

Step 8

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Sunglasses are transparent.

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Textbook is opaque.

Frosted glass is translucent.

Single sheet of thin tissue paper is translucent.

Clean sheet of glass is transparent.

Rock is opaque.

Clean air is transparent.

Apple juice is translucent.

Sunglasses are transparent.

Result

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Textbook is opaque.

Frosted glass is translucent.

Single sheet of thin tissue paper is translucent.

Clean sheet of glass is transparent.

Rock is opaque.

Clean air is transparent.

Apple juice is translucent.

Sunglasses are transparent.

Exercise 4

Solution 1

Solution 2

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Main use for plane mirrors has historically been for self-checking the physical appearance; people could see themselves as the others do.

Result

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They were used for self-check the physical appearance.

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Mirrors have always been used to self-check the physical appearance of people. What this means is that people use mirrors to look at themselves as others would see them.

Exercise 5

Solution 1

Solution 2

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Light ray which is touching surface at any point of the object is called incident ray.

Normal is line which is perpendicular to the surface which is stroke by the incident ray.

Angle between normal and incident ray is angle of incidence.

This very ray of light is being reflected after it has stroke the surface and while reflecting it makes angle with normal, and that angle is called angle of reflection.

These two angles are always equal and incident ray, normal, and reflected ray all lie in the same plane.

Result

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Incident ray: ray which strikes surface of the object.

Normal: line perpendicular to the reflecting surface.

Angle of incidence: angle between incident ray and normal.

Reflected ray: the very same ray which reflects off the surface.

Angle of reflection: angle between reflected ray and normal.

Angle of reflection and of incidence are always equal and normal, incident ray and reflected ray all lie in the same plane.

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A light ray touching a surface at any point of the object is called the incident of light. A normal to that point is drawn. This is a perpendicular line from the point of incidence. The angle between this line and the incident light is called the angle of incidence. The same light ray is reflected from the point of incidence and the normal. This ray is called the reflected ray and the angle it makes with the normal is called the angle of reflection. The angle of incidence and reflection are always equal and the incident ray, the normal and the reflected ray; all lie in the same plane.

Exercise 6

Solution 1

Solution 2

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Plane mirrors are used is constructions of microscopes, periscopes and kaleidoscopes.

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Plane mirrors are used is constructions of microscopes, periscopes and kaleidoscopes.

Result

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Plane mirrors are used in periscopes, kaleidoscopes, microscopes and in hospitals for eye examination.

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Section 11-4: The Ray Model of Light

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