History of IV Therapy in the Philippines Essay Example

– insertion of a needle into a vein, based on the physician's written prescription. The needle is attached to a sterile tubing and a fluid container to provide medication and fluids.

Objectives of the IV Therapy Standards

• Serves as a guide for nurses in providing safe and quality nursing care to patients relative to I. V. therapy.
• Promotes the application of principles underlying the administration of I. V. therapy.
• Recognizes the ethico-legal implications of I. V. therapy.

THE ETHICO – LEGAL ASPECTS OF BASIC IV THERAPY

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF IV THERAPISTS

1. Interpret and carry out the physician’s prescriptions for IV therapy.
2. Prepare, initiate and terminate IV therapy based on physician’s written prescription.
3. Perform peripheral venipuncture (all types of needles and cannulas) excluding the insertion of subclavian and cut down catheter.
4. Determine solution and medication incompatibilities.
5. Administer computed medications, chemotherapeutic drugs, flow rates of solutions, compatible blood/blood components and parenteral nutrition as prescribed by the physician.
6. Assess all adverse reactions related to IV therapy and initiate appropriate nursing interventions.
7. Establish nursing care plan related to IV Therapy.
8. Adhere to established infection control practices.
9. Maintain proper care of IV equipments.
10. Document relevant data in the preparation, administration and termination of all forms of IV therapy.

LEGAL BASIS IV THERAPY AND LEGAL IMPLICATIONS

• R. A. 7164 – The Philippine Nursing Act of 1991 Section 28 states that in administration of IV injections, special training shall be required.
• IV Nursing Standards of Practice developed by the ANSAP should be used. In giving IV injections, nurses should follow the policies of their agencies.
• Board of Nursing Resolution No. 8 Sec. 30 (c) Art. VII or administratively under Sec. 21 Art. III – states
  

that any registered nurse without training and who administers IV injections to patients shall be held liable, either criminally, administratively or both.

ETHICAL ISSUES CODE OF ETHICS FOR NURSES IN THE PHILIPPINES ETHICS according to Webster Dictionary, is the study of the standards of conduct and moral judgment. Therefore.. NURSING ETHICS is concerned with the principles of right conduct as they apply to the nursing profession. NURSES and PEOPLE – Values, customs and spiritual beliefs held by individuals are to be respected.

• Nurses hold in strict confidence personal information acquired in the process of giving nursing care.

NURSES AND PRACTICES

• Nurses are accountable for their own nursing practice.
• Nurses maintain or modify standards of practice within the reality of any given situation.  Nurses are the advocates of the patients.
• Nurses are aware that their actions have professional, ethical, moral and legal dimensions.

NURSES AND CO-WORKERS

• Nurses maintain collaborative working relationships with their co-workers and other members of the health team. They recognize their capabilities and limitations in accepting responsibilities and those of their co-workers when delegating responsibilities to them.

NURSES AND SOCIETY

• Nurses are contributing members of society. They assume responsibilities inherent in being members and citizens of the community/society in which they live/work.
• Nurses recognize the need for change and initiate, participate, and support activities to meet the health and social needs of the people.

NURSES AND THE PROFESSION

• Nurses are expected to be members of professional organizations of nurses. Nurses help to determine and implement desirable standards of nursing practice and nursing education.
• Nurses should initiate and involve themselves in structured and non-structured research activities within their existing milieu.
• Nurses should assert the implementation of labor standards and
  

lobby for favorable legislations to improve existing socio-economic conditions of nurses.

PROFESSIONAL VALUES CARING - is the locus of all attributes used to describe NURSING. It is not only the main value of NURSING but the Essence. It is not only a nursing act because to care is human and to be human is caring. Cs of Caring Compassionate

• Concern
• Caring Committed
• Willingness to perform her responsibilities Confident
• Assertive
• Smart Conscientious
• Honest Competent
• Knowledgeable
• Effective/ Efficient

RELATED LAW OFFENSES LEGAL ASPECTS AND THE NURSE

The Republic Act 9173 or the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 is the best guide the nurse can utilize as it defines the scope of nursing practice. Negligence Commission or omission of an act, pursuant to a duty, that a reasonably prudent person in the same or similar circumstance would or would not do. The Doctrine of Res Ipsa Loquitur conditions are required to establish a defendant’s negligence without proving specific conduct:

1. That the injury was of such nature that it would not normally occur unless there was a negligent act on the part of someone;

2. That the injury was caused by an agency within control of defendant;

3. That the plaintiff himself did not engage in any manner that would tend to bring about the injury. Malpractice

• Refers to a negligent act committed in the course of professional performance. Example is the giving of anesthesia by a nurse or prescribing medicines.

Incompetence

The lack of ability, legal qualifications or fitness to discharge the required duty. Example: Although a nurse is registered, if she’s not yet an IV therapists, she is not allowed to give IV medications or do the IV insertion. Assault and Battery Assault is

the imminent threat of harmful or offensive bodily contact. Battery is an intentional, un consented touching of another person.

NURSING LIABILITIES AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Points to Observe in Order to Avoid Criminal Liability

1. Be very familiar with the Philippine Nursing Law.
2. Beware of laws that affect nursing practice.
3. At the start of employment, get a copy of your job description, the agency’s rules, regulations and policies.
4. Upgrade your skills and competence.
5. Accept only such responsibility that is within the scope of your employment and your job description.
6. Do not delegate your responsibility to others.
7. Develop good interpersonal relationships with your co-workers, whether they be your supervisors, peers or subordinates.
8. Consult your superiors for problems that may be too big for you to handle.
9. Verify Doctors prescriptions that are not clear to you or those that seem to be erroneous.
10. The doctors should be informed about the patient’s conditions.
11. Keep in mind the value and necessity of keeping complete and accurate recording.
12. Patients are entitled to an informed consent.

STANDARDS OF NURSING INFUSION CARE REQUIREMENTS TO BECOME AN IV THERAPIST

Structure Criteria

1. Entrance Requirements

• Level of academic preparation: A BSN graduate, RN, with a current license from the PRC.
• Behavioral characteristics : Honesty, reliability, initiative, flexibility and judgment.
• Demonstrates communication and technical skills.

2. Completion Requirements 3 days Basic IV Therapy Training Program must have successfully participated.

3. Renewal/Revalidation of an IV Therapy Card

• The IV Therapy Card is renewable every three (3) years.
• Attendance to IV related Updates equivalent to 24 CEU.

4. Loss of The IV Therapy Nurse Card

• Presenting an affidavit of loss.
• Submitting Certificate of Training.
• Photocopy of the official list of participants of the IV therapy training attended.

5.

Cancellation of the IV Card

• PRC License is not renewed.
• Any violation of Nursing Law 9173.
• IV Card is not renewed for more than 3 years.
• Violations in the Standards of IV Therapy practice.