Here we have to conjugate the verb 開ける（あける）into the short form.

We can see from its ending that this is a る-verb. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of a る-verb, we simply remove the final ‘る’ and replace it with ‘ない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　開ける（あける）：
開ける（あける）　・　開けない（あけない）　・　開けます（あけます）　・　開けて（あけて）

Here we have to conjugate the verb　買う（かう）into the short form.

We can see from its ending that this is an う-verb in the う-subclass. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of an う-verb in the う-subclass, we simply remove the final ‘う’ of the verb and replace it with ‘わない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　買う（かう）：
買う（かう）　・　買わない（かわない）　・　買います（かいます）　・　買って（かって）

Here we have to conjugate the verb　座る（すわる）into the short form.

We can see from its ending that this is an う-verb in theる-subclass. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of anう-verb in the る-subclass, we simply remove the final ‘る’ of the verb and replace it with ‘らない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　座る（すわる）：
座る（すわる）　・　座らない（すわらない）　・　座ります（すわります）　・　座って（すわって）

Here we have to conjugate the verb　来る（くる）into the short form.

Do not be deceived—despite ending in ‘る,’ the verb 来る（くる） is irregular and conjugates according to its own rules. Still, the dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of 来る（くる）, we remove the final ‘る’ of the verb, then change ‘く’ to ‘こ,’ and finally we add ‘ない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　来る（くる）：
来る（くる）　・　来ない（こない）　・　来ます（きます）　・　来て（きて）

Here we have to conjugate the verb　死ぬ（しぬ） into the short form.

We can see from its ending that this is a う-verb in theぬ-subclass. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of an う-verb in theぬ-subclass, we simply remove the final ‘ぬ’ of the verb and replace it with ‘なない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　死ぬ（しぬ）：
死ぬ（しぬ）　・　死なない（しなない）　・　死にます（しにます）　・　死んで（しんで）

Here we have to conjugate the verb　消す（けす） into the short form.

A common mistake to make with verbs ending in ‘す’ is to think that they conjugate like ～する verbs, as in ‘勉強しない（べんきょうしない）.’ Remember: if it ends in only ‘す,’ it conjugates to ‘さない’ in the negative short form.

We can see from its ending that this is an う-verb in the すsubclass. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of an う-verb in the す-subclass, we simply remove the final ‘す’ of the verb and replace it with ‘さない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　消す（けす）：
消す（けす）　・　消さない（けさない）　・　消します（けします）　・　消して（けして）

Here we have to conjugate the verb　勉強する（べんきょうする） into the short form.

We can see from its ending that this is a する-verb, which we know conjugates irregularly. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of a する-verb, we simply remove ‘する’ and replace it with ‘しない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

勉強する（べんきょうする）　・　勉強しない（べんきょうしない）　・　勉強します（べんきょうします）　・　勉強して（べんきょうして）

Here we have to conjugate the verb　書く（かく）into the short form.

We can see from its ending that this is an う-verb in the く-subclass. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of anう-verb in the　く-subclass, we simply remove the final ‘く’ of the verb and replace it with ‘かない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　書く（かく）：
書く（かく）　・　書かない（かかない）　・　書きます（かきます）　・　書いて（かいて）

Here we have to conjugate the verb　ある　into the short form.

We can see from its ending that this is an う-verb in theる-subclass. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. あるis one of only a few Japanese verbs that has an irregular negative short form. To create it, we simply replace the verb with ‘ない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　ある：
ある　・　ない　・　あります　・　あって

Here we have to conjugate the verb　飲む（のむ） into the short form.

We can see from its ending that this is a う-verb in theむ-subclass. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of an う-verb in theむ-subclass, we simply remove the final ‘む’ of the verb and replace it with ‘まない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　飲む（のむ）：
飲む（のむ）　・　飲まない（のまない）　・　飲みます（のみます）　・　飲んで（のんで）

Here we have to conjugate the verb　わかる　into the short form.

We can see from its ending that this is an う-verb in theる-subclass. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of anう-verb in the る-subclass, we simply remove the final ‘る’ of the verb and replace it with ‘らない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　わかる：
わかる　・　わからない　・　わかります　・　わかって

Here we have to conjugate the verb　待つ（まつ）into the short form.

We can see from its ending that this is an う-verb in the つ-subclass. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of an う-verb in the つ-subclass, we simply remove the final ‘つ’ of the verb and replace it with ‘たない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　待つ（まつ）：
待つ（まつ）　・　待たない（またない）　・　待ちます（まちます）　・　待って（まって）

Here we have to conjugate the verb　遊ぶ（あそぶ） into the short form.

We can see from its ending that this is a う-verb in theぶ-subclass. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of an う-verb in the ぶ-subclass, we simply remove the final ‘ぶ’ of the verb and replace it with ‘ばない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　遊ぶ（あそぶ）：
遊ぶ（あそぶ）　・　遊ばない（あそばない）　・　遊そびます（あそびます）　・　遊んで（あそんで）

Here we have to conjugate the verb　急ぐ（いそぐ） into the short form.

We can see from its ending that this is a う-verb in theぐ-subclass. The dictionary form is the same as the positive short form, so we already know it. To create the negative short form of an う-verb in the ぐ-subclass, we simply remove the final ‘ぐ’ of the verb and replace it with ‘がない.’ The remaining verb forms we have already learned.

This is the conjugation pattern of　急ぐ（いそぐ）：
急ぐ（いそぐ）　・　急がない（いそがない）　・　急ぎます（いそぎます）　・　急いで（急いで）