Genki: An Integrated Course in Elementary Japanese Workbook I (Japanese Edition)
Genki: An Integrated Course in Elementary Japanese Workbook I (Japanese Edition)
2nd Edition
Eri Banno
ISBN: 9784789014410
Textbook solutions

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Page 45: Questions

Exercise 1
Step 1
1 of 2
The adjective forms that you are learning here are the polite forms. These are used in formal settings, like some businesses, at school, or any time you want to sound polite. There are both more and less polite forms of these words in Japanese that you will learn later in your studies, but these generically polite forms are a safe bet to learn now, as they are acceptable in a wide variety of situations.
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of い-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by simply adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we first remove the final β€˜γ„,’ and then append β€˜γγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem.
Thus, we answer the following:
ε€§γγ„οΌˆγŠγŠγγ„οΌ‰
ε€§γγ„γ§γ™οΌˆγŠγŠγγ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
倧きくγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ε€§γγγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“γ€€οΌˆγŠγŠγγγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γŠγŠγγγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Result
2 of 2
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of い-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by simply adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we first remove the final β€˜γ„,’ and then append β€˜γγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem.
Thus, we answer the following:
ε€§γγ„οΌˆγŠγŠγγ„οΌ‰
ε€§γγ„γ§γ™οΌˆγŠγŠγγ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
倧きくγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ε€§γγγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“γ€€οΌˆγŠγŠγγγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γŠγŠγγγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Exercise 2
Step 1
1 of 2
The adjective forms that you are learning here are the polite forms. These are used in formal settings, like some businesses, at school, or any time you want to sound polite. There are both more and less polite forms of these words in Japanese that you will learn later in your studies, but these generically polite forms are a safe bet to learn now, as they are acceptable in a wide variety of situations.
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of い-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by simply adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we first remove the final β€˜γ„,’ and then append β€˜γγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem.
Thus, we answer the following:
ι«˜γ„οΌˆγŸγ‹γ„οΌ‰
ι«˜γ„γ§γ™οΌˆγŸγ‹γ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
高くγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ι«˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγŸγ‹γγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γŸγ‹γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Result
2 of 2
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of い-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by simply adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we first remove the final β€˜γ„,’ and then append β€˜γγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem.
Thus, we answer the following:
ι«˜γ„οΌˆγŸγ‹γ„οΌ‰
ι«˜γ„γ§γ™οΌˆγŸγ‹γ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
高くγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ι«˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγŸγ‹γγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γŸγ‹γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Exercise 3
Step 1
1 of 2
The adjective forms that you are learning here are the polite forms. These are used in formal settings, like some businesses, at school, or any time you want to sound polite. There are both more and less polite forms of these words in Japanese that you will learn later in your studies, but these generically polite forms are a safe bet to learn now, as they are acceptable in a wide variety of situations.
Be sure not to confuse β€˜ζ€–γ„οΌˆγ“γ‚γ„οΌ‰β€™ [frightening] with the similar sounding β€˜ε―ζ„›γ„οΌˆγ‹γ‚γ„γ„οΌ‰β€™ [cute].
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of い-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by simply adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we first remove the final β€˜γ„,’ and then append β€˜γγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem.
Thus, we answer the following:
ζ€–γ„οΌˆγ“γ‚γ„οΌ‰
ζ€–γ„γ§γ™οΌˆγ“γ‚γ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
怖くγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ζ€–γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγ“γ‚γγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γ“γ‚γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Result
2 of 2
Be sure not to confuse β€˜ζ€–γ„οΌˆγ“γ‚γ„οΌ‰β€™ [frightening] with the similar sounding β€˜ε―ζ„›γ„οΌˆγ‹γ‚γ„γ„οΌ‰β€™ [cute].
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of い-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by simply adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we first remove the final β€˜γ„,’ and then append β€˜γγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem.
Thus, we answer the following:
ζ€–γ„οΌˆγ“γ‚γ„οΌ‰
ζ€–γ„γ§γ™οΌˆγ“γ‚γ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
怖くγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ζ€–γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγ“γ‚γγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γ“γ‚γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Exercise 4
Step 1
1 of 2
The adjective forms that you are learning here are the polite forms. These are used in formal settings, like some businesses, at school, or any time you want to sound polite. There are both more and less polite forms of these words in Japanese that you will learn later in your studies, but these generically polite forms are a safe bet to learn now, as they are acceptable in a wide variety of situations.
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of い-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by simply adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we first remove the final β€˜γ„,’ and then append β€˜γγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem.
Thus, we answer the following:
ι’η™½γ„οΌˆγŠγ‚‚γ—γ‚γ„οΌ‰
ι’η™½γ„γ§γ™οΌˆγŠγ‚‚γ—γ‚γ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
青白くγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ι’η™½γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγŠγ‚‚γ—γ‚γγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γŠγ‚‚γ—γ‚γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Result
2 of 2
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of い-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by simply adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we first remove the final β€˜γ„,’ and then append β€˜γγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem.
Thus, we answer the following:
ι’η™½γ„οΌˆγŠγ‚‚γ—γ‚γ„οΌ‰
ι’η™½γ„γ§γ™οΌˆγŠγ‚‚γ—γ‚γ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
青白くγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ι’η™½γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγŠγ‚‚γ—γ‚γγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γŠγ‚‚γ—γ‚γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Exercise 5
Step 1
1 of 2
The adjective forms that you are learning here are the polite forms. These are used in formal settings, like some businesses, at school, or any time you want to sound polite. There are both more and less polite forms of these words in Japanese that you will learn later in your studies, but these generically polite forms are a safe bet to learn now, as they are acceptable in a wide variety of situations.
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of い-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by simply adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we first remove the final β€˜γ„,’ and then append β€˜γγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem.
Thus, we answer the following:
ε€γ„οΌˆγ΅γ‚‹γ„οΌ‰
ε€γ„γ§γ™οΌˆγ΅γ‚‹γ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
叀くγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ε€γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγ΅γ‚‹γγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γ΅γ‚‹γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Result
2 of 2
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of い-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by simply adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we first remove the final β€˜γ„,’ and then append β€˜γγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem.
Thus, we answer the following:
ε€γ„οΌˆγ΅γ‚‹γ„οΌ‰
ε€γ„γ§γ™οΌˆγ΅γ‚‹γ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
叀くγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ε€γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγ΅γ‚‹γγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γ΅γ‚‹γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Exercise 6
Step 1
1 of 2
The adjective forms that you are learning here are the polite forms. These are used in formal settings, like some businesses, at school, or any time you want to sound polite. There are both more and less polite forms of these words in Japanese that you will learn later in your studies, but these generically polite forms are a safe bet to learn now, as they are acceptable in a wide variety of situations.
In addition to its conjugation being irregular, β€˜γ„γ„β€™ also has irregular kanji usage. When the first β€˜γ„β€™ becomes β€˜γ‚ˆ,’ it can be represented with the character β€˜θ‰―,’ though it very often is just represented with the hiragana character. β€˜θ‰―γ„β€™ is always read as β€˜γ‚ˆγ„,’ which is a more polite and literary, but less natural way of saying β€˜γ„γ„.’
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of い-adjectives is a simple process, though a slightly irregular one for the adjective β€˜γ„γ„.’ The present affirmative is created by simply adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we first change the initial β€˜γ„β€™ to β€˜γ‚ˆ,’ then remove the final β€˜γ„,’ and finish by appending β€˜γγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem.
Thus, we answer the following:
いい
いいです
良くγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»θ‰―γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγ‚ˆγγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γ‚ˆγγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Result
2 of 2
In addition to its conjugation being irregular, β€˜γ„γ„β€™ also has irregular kanji usage. When the first β€˜γ„β€™ becomes β€˜γ‚ˆ,’ it can be represented with the character β€˜θ‰―,’ though it very often is just represented with the hiragana character. β€˜θ‰―γ„β€™ is always read as β€˜γ‚ˆγ„,’ which is a more polite and literary, but less natural way of saying β€˜γ„γ„.’
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of い-adjectives is a simple process, though a slightly irregular one for the adjective β€˜γ„γ„.’ The present affirmative is created by simply adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we first change the initial β€˜γ„β€™ to β€˜γ‚ˆ,’ then remove the final β€˜γ„,’ and finish by appending β€˜γγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem.
Thus, we answer the following:
いい
いいです
良くγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»θ‰―γγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγ‚ˆγγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γ‚ˆγγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Exercise 7
Step 1
1 of 2
The adjective forms that you are learning here are the polite forms. These are used in formal settings, like some businesses, at school, or any time you want to sound polite. There are both more and less polite forms of these words in Japanese that you will learn later in your studies, but these generically polite forms are a safe bet to learn now, as they are acceptable in a wide variety of situations.
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of γͺ-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by omitting the β€˜γͺ’ that appears in the adjectival form and adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we add β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem. You can also replace the contraction β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒβ€™ with the uncontracted β€˜γ§γ―β€™ (pronounced β€˜de wa’) to sound more formalβ€”you will also see this form in the written language.
Thus, we answer the following:
ι™γ‹γ€Œγͺγ€οΌˆγ—γšγ‹γ€Œγͺ」)
ι™γ‹γ§γ™οΌˆγ—γšγ‹γ§γ™οΌ‰
ι™γ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ι™γ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγ—γšγ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γ—γšγ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Result
2 of 2
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of γͺ-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by omitting the β€˜γͺ’ that appears in the adjectival form and adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we add β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem. You can also replace the contraction β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒβ€™ with the uncontracted β€˜γ§γ―β€™ (pronounced β€˜de wa’) to sound more formalβ€”you will also see this form in the written language.
Thus, we answer the following:
ι™γ‹γ€Œγͺγ€οΌˆγ—γšγ‹γ€Œγͺ」)
ι™γ‹γ§γ™οΌˆγ—γšγ‹γ§γ™οΌ‰
ι™γ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ι™γ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγ—γšγ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γ—γšγ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Exercise 8
Step 1
1 of 2
The adjective forms that you are learning here are the polite forms. These are used in formal settings, like some businesses, at school, or any time you want to sound polite. There are both more and less polite forms of these words in Japanese that you will learn later in your studies, but these generically polite forms are a safe bet to learn now, as they are acceptable in a wide variety of situations.
The word β€˜γγ‚Œγ„β€™ does have kanji associated with it, β€˜ηΆΊιΊ—,’ but they are very rarely used.
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of γͺ-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by omitting the β€˜γͺ’ that appears in the adjectival form and adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we add β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem. You can also replace the contraction β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒβ€™ with the uncontracted β€˜γ§γ―β€™ (pronounced β€˜de wa’) to sound more formalβ€”you will also see this form in the written language.
Thus, we answer the following:
γγ‚Œγ„γ€Œγͺ」
γγ‚Œγ„γ§γ™
γγ‚Œγ„γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γγ‚Œγ„γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“
Result
2 of 2
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of γͺ-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by omitting the β€˜γͺ’ that appears in the adjectival form and adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we add β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem. You can also replace the contraction β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒβ€™ with the uncontracted β€˜γ§γ―β€™ (pronounced β€˜de wa’) to sound more formalβ€”you will also see this form in the written language.
Thus, we answer the following:
γγ‚Œγ„γ€Œγͺ」
γγ‚Œγ„γ§γ™
γγ‚Œγ„γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γγ‚Œγ„γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“
Exercise 9
Step 1
1 of 2
The adjective forms that you are learning here are the polite forms. These are used in formal settings, like some businesses, at school, or any time you want to sound polite. There are both more and less polite forms of these words in Japanese that you will learn later in your studies, but these generically polite forms are a safe bet to learn now, as they are acceptable in a wide variety of situations.
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of γͺ-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by omitting the β€˜γͺ’ that appears in the adjectival form and adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we add β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem. You can also replace the contraction β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒβ€™ with the uncontracted β€˜γ§γ―β€™ (pronounced β€˜de wa’) to sound more formalβ€”you will also see this form in the written language.
Thus, we answer the following:
ε₯½γγ€Œγͺγ€οΌˆγ™γγ€Œγͺ」)
ε₯½γγ§γ™οΌˆγ™γγ§γ™οΌ‰
ε₯½γγ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです・ε₯½γγ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγ™γγ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Result
2 of 2
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of γͺ-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by omitting the β€˜γͺ’ that appears in the adjectival form and adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we add β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem. You can also replace the contraction β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒβ€™ with the uncontracted β€˜γ§γ―β€™ (pronounced β€˜de wa’) to sound more formalβ€”you will also see this form in the written language.
Thus, we answer the following:
ε₯½γγ€Œγͺγ€οΌˆγ™γγ€Œγͺ」)
ε₯½γγ§γ™οΌˆγ™γγ§γ™οΌ‰
ε₯½γγ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです・ε₯½γγ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγ™γγ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Exercise 10
Step 1
1 of 2
The adjective forms that you are learning here are the polite forms. These are used in formal settings, like some businesses, at school, or any time you want to sound polite. There are both more and less polite forms of these words in Japanese that you will learn later in your studies, but these generically polite forms are a safe bet to learn now, as they are acceptable in a wide variety of situations.
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of γͺ-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by omitting the β€˜γͺ’ that appears in the adjectival form and adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we add β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem. You can also replace the contraction β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒβ€™ with the uncontracted β€˜γ§γ―β€™ (pronounced β€˜de wa’) to sound more formalβ€”you will also see this form in the written language.
Thus, we answer the following:
ε«Œγ„γ€Œγͺγ€οΌˆγγ‚‰γ„γ€Œγͺ」)
ε«Œγ„γ§γ™οΌˆγγ‚‰γ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
ε«Œγ„γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ε«Œγ„γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγγ‚‰γ„γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γγ‚‰γ„γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Result
2 of 2
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of γͺ-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by omitting the β€˜γͺ’ that appears in the adjectival form and adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we add β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem. You can also replace the contraction β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒβ€™ with the uncontracted β€˜γ§γ―β€™ (pronounced β€˜de wa’) to sound more formalβ€”you will also see this form in the written language.
Thus, we answer the following:
ε«Œγ„γ€Œγͺγ€οΌˆγγ‚‰γ„γ€Œγͺ」)
ε«Œγ„γ§γ™οΌˆγγ‚‰γ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
ε«Œγ„γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ε«Œγ„γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγγ‚‰γ„γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γγ‚‰γ„γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Exercise 11
Step 1
1 of 2
The adjective forms that you are learning here are the polite forms. These are used in formal settings, like some businesses, at school, or any time you want to sound polite. There are both more and less polite forms of these words in Japanese that you will learn later in your studies, but these generically polite forms are a safe bet to learn now, as they are acceptable in a wide variety of situations.
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of γͺ-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by omitting the β€˜γͺ’ that appears in the adjectival form and adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we add β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem. You can also replace the contraction β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒβ€™ with the uncontracted β€˜γ§γ―β€™ (pronounced β€˜de wa’) to sound more formalβ€”you will also see this form in the written language.
Thus, we answer the following:
ε«Œγ„γ€Œγͺγ€οΌˆγγ‚‰γ„γ€Œγͺ」)
ε«Œγ„γ§γ™οΌˆγγ‚‰γ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
ε«Œγ„γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ε«Œγ„γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγγ‚‰γ„γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γγ‚‰γ„γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Result
2 of 2
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of γͺ-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by omitting the β€˜γͺ’ that appears in the adjectival form and adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we add β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem. You can also replace the contraction β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒβ€™ with the uncontracted β€˜γ§γ―β€™ (pronounced β€˜de wa’) to sound more formalβ€”you will also see this form in the written language.
Thus, we answer the following:
ε«Œγ„γ€Œγͺγ€οΌˆγγ‚‰γ„γ€Œγͺ」)
ε«Œγ„γ§γ™οΌˆγγ‚‰γ„γ§γ™οΌ‰
ε«Œγ„γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»ε«Œγ„γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγγ‚‰γ„γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γγ‚‰γ„γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Exercise 12
Step 1
1 of 2
The adjective forms that you are learning here are the polite forms. These are used in formal settings, like some businesses, at school, or any time you want to sound polite. There are both more and less polite forms of these words in Japanese that you will learn later in your studies, but these generically polite forms are a safe bet to learn now, as they are acceptable in a wide variety of situations.
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of γͺ-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by omitting the β€˜γͺ’ that appears in the adjectival form and adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we add β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem. You can also replace the contraction β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒβ€™ with the uncontracted β€˜γ§γ―β€™ (pronounced β€˜de wa’) to sound more formalβ€”you will also see this form in the written language.
Thus, we answer the following:
θ³‘γ‚„γ‹γ€Œγͺγ€οΌˆγ«γŽγ‚„γ‹γ€Œγͺ」)
θ³‘γ‚„γ‹γ§γ™οΌˆγ«γŽγ‚„γ‹γ§γ™οΌ‰
θ³‘γ‚„γ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»θ³‘γ‚„γ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγ«γŽγ‚„γ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γ«γŽγ‚„γ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
Result
2 of 2
Deriving the polite present affirmative and the polite present negative from the dictionary form of γͺ-adjectives is a simple process. The present affirmative is created by omitting the β€˜γͺ’ that appears in the adjectival form and adding the copula β€˜γ§γ™β€™ to the end of the adjective. For the present negative, we add β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγͺいです’ or the more conservative β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“β€™ to the newly fashioned stem. You can also replace the contraction β€˜γ˜γ‚ƒβ€™ with the uncontracted β€˜γ§γ―β€™ (pronounced β€˜de wa’) to sound more formalβ€”you will also see this form in the written language.
Thus, we answer the following:
θ³‘γ‚„γ‹γ€Œγͺγ€οΌˆγ«γŽγ‚„γ‹γ€Œγͺ」)
θ³‘γ‚„γ‹γ§γ™οΌˆγ«γŽγ‚„γ‹γ§γ™οΌ‰
θ³‘γ‚„γ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»θ³‘γ‚„γ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌˆγ«γŽγ‚„γ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγͺγ„γ§γ™γƒ»γ«γŽγ‚„γ‹γ˜γ‚ƒγ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“οΌ‰
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