Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Flashcards, test questions and answers

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What is Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a serious and potentially life-threatening tick-borne disease caused by the Rickettsia rickettsii bacteria. It is most commonly spread through the bite of an infected tick, although it can also be contracted through contact with contaminated environments or materials. RMSF primarily affects people living in North America and Central America but has been reported in other parts of the world as well. The initial symptoms of RMSF are flu-like and can include fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, muscle pain, loss of appetite and fatigue. As the disease progresses a rash may develop on the arms, legs and trunk which consists of small red spots that eventually turn into larger purple spots with dark centers surrounded by lighter halos. If untreated Rocky Mountain spotted fever can cause more severe complications such as kidney failure or meningitis. In rare cases it can even lead to death if left untreated for too long. Early diagnosis is critical for successful treatment so it’s important to seek medical attention at once if any signs or symptoms are present after being bitten by a tick or having contact with an environment where ticks are known to live. Treatment usually involves antibiotics such as doxycycline which should begin immediately upon diagnosis in order to prevent further complications from developing. Preventive measures against RMSF include avoiding areas where ticks are known to live (such as wooded areas), wearing protective clothing when outdoors including long sleeves/pants tucked into boots/socks and using insect repellants containing DEET on exposed skin surfaces when going outside for extended periods of time.