Dna Flashcards, test questions and answers
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What is Dna?
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that contains genetic instructions for the development and functioning of all living organisms. It is made up of two strands coiled around each other to form a double helix. Each strand consists of four bases – Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C). These four bases bond with each other in specific ways to form base pairs: A with T, and G with C. The sequence of the bases on each strand determines the structure and function of DNA.DNA plays an important role in many cellular processes such as replication, gene expression, and protein synthesis. It is found in the nucleus of cells and makes up chromosomes, which carry genetic information from one generation to the next. DNA also contains important regulatory elements that control when genes are turned on or off. This helps ensure that the right proteins are made at the right time for proper cell function.In addition to its role in biology, DNA has helped revolutionize forensic science by providing scientists with a way to identify individuals based on their unique genetic profile. This has led to improved accuracy in criminal investigations as well as paternity testing and other legal matters. DNA can also be used for genealogy research by analyzing family members’ genomes for commonalities between them over generations. Overall, DNA is an essential molecule that holds powerful information about an organism’s identity both at a cellular level and beyond it into evolutionary history.