Primates have fingers, toes, and shoulders that allows them to grip objects and climb trees. They also have binocular vision that enables them to have depth perception and a three-dimensional view of the surroundings. More importantly, they have a large and well-developed brain. Because of this, they are able to perform different functions and display complex behaviors than other mammals.

It was 45 million years ago when the anthropoids split into two different groups–the new world monkeys and the old world monkeys and great apes. The reason for this change is due to geographic isolation. This happened when the continents drifted apart.

The bipedal locomotion gave the primates the ability to walk upright using the two limbs.

The other Homo species that existed at the same time with the Homo sapiens is the Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis or H. sapiens neanderthalensis). They both lived together and interbred for thousands of years.

Other Homo species include the Homo habilis, Homo ergaster, Homo naledi, and Homo erectus.

Both modern humans and primates have grasping hands and feet, rotating shoulders, well-developed cerebrum, and binocular vision with depth perception.

However, the modern humans have more developed opposable thumbs than the primates. They have a larger brain with an expanded cerebrum and a skull that is attached to the S-shaped spine. They also have a bowl-shaped pelvis and thigh bones that are faced inward. This allowed humans to develop bipedal locomotion. In addition, they have arms that are shorter than legs, while primates have arms that are longer than the legs.