The three types of diversity include the following:

1. Community or Ecosystem Diversity: It is defined as the variety of habitats and communities, as well as the different ecological processes in the biosphere.

2. Species Diversity: This refers to the number of different species that are living in a particular location.

3. Genetic Diversity: It refers to the genetic variation that is present among species. It gives the sum of genetic information that is found in the genes of different species.

Biodiversity is considered the basis of agriculture, wherein all species of plants and animals, including crops and livestock, are involved. Due to the various plant and animal species which carry genes that are effective in controlling pests and promoting disease resistance, farmers are able to grow food and maintain sustainable farm landscapes.

Moreover, biodiversity is also an important element in the field of medicinal research, especially when it comes to traditional medicine. Plant and animal materials, as well as microbes, are collected and cultivated worldwide because they are considered valuable ingredients in making medicines that treat various diseases. When a particular microbe, plant or animal species become extinct, the likelihood of medicinal discoveries and harvesting become threatened.

Biodiversity is considered as the foundation of ecosystem services since it is mainly responsible for food production, nutrient cycling, soil formation, biochemical production, carbon storage, water purification, regulation of pests and diseases, pollination of crops, and climate regulation. In this case, biodiversity and ecosystem services exhibit an interdependent relationship in terms of the way they both influence each other. This relationship entails that taking care of biodiversity would sustain the agricultural production and promote the well-being of humans. On the other hand, managing the ecosystem functions can contribute to the conservation of biodiversity by maintaining good water quality, maintaining the soil fertility, and breeding plant and animal species.

The presence of keystone species influences the biodiversity in a particular ecosystem. If any of these species is lost, it can affect the ability of an ecosystem’s resilience or the ability to recover after an environmental disturbance. Moreover, if an ecosystem contains more variety of species, it can have a higher tolerance or adaptability for various climate conditions and other circumstances.

Orchard farmers use million tons of pesticides every year to protect the crops and reduce their infestations. One advantage of using pesticides is that it can surely get rid of the pests and unwanted insects that feed on the cherries; hence, increasing the yield of the crops.

However, pesticides are made of toxic chemicals that contaminate the soil, and water. It is not only harmful to pests but it can also harm other organisms such as birds, fishes, humans, and other vegetation.