Miller and Levine Biology
Miller and Levine Biology
1st Edition
Joseph S. Levine, Kenneth R. Miller
ISBN: 9780328925124
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Page 805: Review

Exercise 1
Result
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The answer is no. The unicellular organism under the microscope is not an animal. Animals are multicellular organisms that are made up of eukaryotic cells.
Exercise 2
Result
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Waste products must be flushed out of the body in order to maintain homeostasis. If waste products are not eliminated inside the body for a long time, the toxins will interfere with the body processes and damage the cells.
Exercise 3
Result
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The body plan of animals includes the following features:
1. body symmetry
2. formation of body cavities
3. cephalization
4. segmentation
5. limb formation
Exercise 4
Result
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Chordates are characterized by organisms that have a dorsal nerve cord, a notochord, pharyngeal pouches, and a tail.

On the other hand, vertebrates have a spinal cord instead of a dorsal, hollow nerve cord in chordates. Also, when the embryo of a vertebrate starts to mature, the notochord is replaced by vertebrae. This acts as an endoskeleton that supports the backbone of a vertebrate.

Exercise 5
Result
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If the members of a clade do not survive and reproduce, they are likely to become extinct. As a result, their traits, which include the genes responsible for the body plan, are not passed on to the next generation.
Exercise 6
Result
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Corals are marine invertebrates that live in colonies. Since they are immobile when they become mature, they do not have the ability to move from one place to another and they are unable to escape from their predators. However, it does not hinder them from maintaining homeostasis. Their physical and behavioral adaptations, as well as their relationship or symbiosis with other organisms, allow them to survive the environments they inhabit and to achieve homeostasis.
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