Choices A, C, D, and E are incorrect. When the ATP is converted into ADP (adenine diphosphate), the ATP releases energy. Then, ADP is recycled and recharged into the mitochondria and comes out again as ATP. In this case, ADP is like a partially-charged battery. Once it combines with a phosphate group, it gets to be fully-charged as ATP, which is ready to be used again.

B. A rechargeable battery that stores and releases energy

Choices A, B, D, and E are incorrect. During photosynthesis, two types of reaction occur– light-dependent and light-independent reactions. The first one occurs in the thylakoid membranes of a chloroplast. This process converts light energy into ATP and NADPH that are used for producing high-energy sugars during the next phase which is the light-independent reactions.

C. Energy is transferred to sugars through intermediates, such as ATP and NADPH.

Choices A, C, D, and E are incorrect. Light-independent reactions rely on ATP and NADPH, which was produced from light-dependent reactions, to assemble energy-rich sugars. ATP and NADPH are compounds that contain chemical energy. Therefore, B is the correct answer.

B. Transferring chemical energy to high-energy sugars

Choices A, B, C, and D are incorrect. Plants take in carbon dioxide during photosynthesis to manufacture sugars. In turn, these high-energy sugars are transferred to consumers once they eat the plants. In this case, photosynthesis allows the carbon to be transferred from the atmosphere into the biosphere.

E. Transfer of carbon from the atmosphere to the biosphere

Choices A, B, C, and D are incorrect. The high-energy sugars from photosynthesis are used by the plants to synthesize lipids, proteins, and complex carbohydrates that are needed for their growth and development.

E. I, II, and III