Miller and Levine Biology
Miller and Levine Biology
1st Edition
Joseph S. Levine, Kenneth R. Miller
ISBN: 9780328925124
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Page 269: Review

Exercise 1
Result
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Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to preserve the ideal conditions in its internal environment. In order to maintain homeostasis, unicellular organisms develop, they react to environmental conditions, convert energy and breed.
Exercise 2
Result
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Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to preserve the ideal conditions in its internal environment. Multicellular organisms are made of cells, where each one of them is specialized for certain task. They are also able to communicate with each other. Therefore, cell specialization and communication enables the organism to preserve homeostasis.
Exercise 4
Result
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The cell is a fundamental component of all the living creatures. It carries nucleic acids, which determine the genome. More cells that have the same structure and function compose a tissue. There are four types of tissues in our body – muscular, connective, nerve and epithelial. Several types of tissue connect into an organ. More organs make an organ system.
The figure shows how the nerve cells form a nerve tissue. However, nerve tissue is also made of neuroglia, which are not represented. The brain is an organ that is made of all four types of tissues, not just the nerve tissue. This organ is a part of the nerve system, along with the spinal cord and nerves.
We conclude that the figure can be improved if the pictures of the nerve tissue, the brain, and the nerve system would include all the structures from which they are composed of.
Exercise 5
Result
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Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to preserve the ideal conditions in its internal environment.
Multicellular organisms are made of cells, where each one of them is specialized for completing a certain task. They are also able to communicate with each other. In this way, every specialized cell contributes to the overall homeostasis of the organism.
In an example of a team sport, such as basketball, every one of the players has a particular role, like the point guard, the shooting guard, the small forward, the power forward, and the center. However, despite their specialized roles, they all intercommunicate in order to perform better as a team. Teammates and coaches continuously send and receive information about the current gameplay that influences the course of the game so it is played more efficiently.
Exercise 6
Result
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In Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy, nerves that makes optic neuron can’t produce enough energy which disrupts homeostasis. Impulses are disabled to travel fast through these neurons and the result is degeneration of retinal ganglion cells. The cause of this disease lies in point mutations in the mitochondrial DNA, which a person inherits from their mother. The symptoms include acute or subacute loss of vision, usually on both eyes.
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