The reason for this event is due to the combined actions of all the humans that cause the changes in all the global systems. Since all the global systems are working interdependently with one another, even a single human activity can alter the conditions of an entire ecosystem. For example, burning the fossil fuels can increase the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This event causes a rise in the global temperature and leads to climate change and unusual weather patterns. In turn, the biodiversity of species is harmed due to the effects of abnormal climate conditions.

Global warming is caused by the increase in the production of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. It results in a rise in the global temperature that leads to climate change, melting of ice caps, and rising sea levels.

When humans use too much fertilizer in their crops, the phosphorus cycle is affected. Since fertilizers contain phosphorus, large amounts of it seep into the ground, while some of it is washed by the water during runoff. Once it goes into the bodies of water, a high level of phosphorus would cause an overgrowth of algae. This event is called an algae bloom. Algae bloom is harmful and toxic to fishes and other aquatic species.

Air pollution can cause a smog. A smog is a mixture of smoke and fog that is caused by the burning of coals. It appears like a grayish brown haze in the air which is harmful when inhaled. It may cause difficulty in breathing because of its toxicity from the chemical reaction between air pollutants.

The global change model makes us aware of the human causes that affect the Earth systems. This model answers the factors that are involved in the human causes of global change. These factors include burning of fossil fuels, renewable energy, innovation, pollutants and wastes, fishing and hunting, freshwater use, population growth, agricultural activities, deforestation/reforestation, habitat loss/restoration, invasive species, and urbanization. Moreover, it also answers the implications of global change into the four earth systems, such as atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere, the elemental cycles, the climate, and the well-being of humans.

Here are some ways we can do to prevent the loss of biodiversity by habitat fragmentation:

1. Encourage to protect and preserve natural habitats by implementing laws that regulate activities such as cutting of trees, dredging of rivers, clearing of forests for farming, and filling in wetlands.
2. Building more ecological reserves and parks which can serve as shelter and breeding habitat of different species.
3. Build links or connectivity between fragmented landscapes or habitats by creating buffer zones and safe passageways for animals to use when moving from one place to another.
4. Help in restoring habitats that are already affected by planting more trees and preventing pollutants and toxins to destroy the habitat further.

Food production is made possible by nature. With the fertile soil, nutrients and minerals, water, and clean air, humans are able to get high-quality crops and livestock. However, human activities play a crucial role in maintaining this ecosystem service.

Most of the time, humans cause the ecosystem to become unbalanced by generating a large amount of waste that pollute the environment. Food factories are generating smoke that pollutes the atmosphere. They are also responsible for the disposal of wastes in the natural habitats of plants and animals.

In addition, some forests are cleared for farming. This action causes habitats to get destroyed and triggers the release of more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Also, farmers use fertilizers that mess up the nutrient cycle. When the nutrient levels in the bodies of water are high, there is an excessive growth of algae, which is harmful and toxic to aquatic species. Over-harvesting of fishes can also cause the population of certain fishes to decline, thus the ecosystem becomes unbalanced.

The ocean becomes more acidic if there is too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As the ocean absorbs carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, it becomes carbonic acid when it reacts with the saltwater. This results in the acidity of the water to rise.