Wastewater Treatment: Making Wastewater Safe for Reuse.

consumption. The district also provides the safe disposal for oil to reduce dumping of oil into the sanitary sewer system (Chamberlai & Taheri, 2014).

Wastewater treatment is a very intensive process of energy including water. In most cases, these water treatment facilities are overlooked for peak demand. Demand response is any action taken to bring down electricity loss when uncertainties seem to threaten demand and supply balance. The district has put in place measures to increase electricity grid reliability and lower consumption of electricity during the peak demand. On peak demand are periods in which sanitary district will be expected to provide a sustainable use of water and energy which will be higher than the average level of supply. The plant will charge the customers on their individual peak demand. The highest demand for month is used (Lyman, 1992). Off peak is the period when demand will be low. During the period, the rate charges reduce. A quantitative analysis was found that during the on peak period, a charge of 60% was made for consumption while off peak period saw the rate reducing to 30% for customer consumption (Chevalier & Rossi, 2000).

Wheaton sanitation District faces some factors that hinder its expansion of capacity. The problem starts with incorrect and inaccuracy in making predictions. It is hard to make future predictions on the rate of water consumption. The variables that make it difficult the population growth and activities taking place in the economy make it difficult for economic and water planning. Another factor is change in technology. Any changes in technology affect the availability of water and the levels of use including demand and supply. Development of

industries leads to rise in demand for water use. Municipal sector also has been a challenge in changing the capacity of the plant. The municipal need water to supply to people for drinking and the consumption rate fluctuates greatly. This is big hindrance to enlarging the plant (Hopkins & Knaap, 2004).

To conclude, it is rationale to state that Wheaton plant has played a big part in managing the wastewater. The implementation of energy efficiency opportunities in facilities of treating water leads to achievement of demand reduction. Wastewater treatment is important because it reduces pollution and wastage.

References

1. Chamberlain, B. C., Carenini, G., Oberg, G., Poole, D., & Taheri, H. (2014). A decision support system for the design and evaluation of sustainable wastewater solutions. Computers, IEEE Transactions on, 63(1), 129-141.
2. Chevalier, J. A., Kashyap, A. K., & Rossi, P. E. (2000). Why don't prices rise during periods of peak demand? Evidence from scanner data (No. w7981). National Bureau of Economic Research.
3. Hopkins, L. D., Xu, X., & Knaap, G. J. (2004). Economies of scale in wastewater treatment and planning for urban growth. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 31(6), 879-893.
4. Lyman, R. A. (1992). Peak and off-peak residential water demand. Water Resources Research, 28(9), 2159-2167.
5. Skarlatos, D., Kalavrouziotis, I. K., Montes, C. R., Melfi, A. J., & Pereira, B. F. F. (2015). Wastewater reuse in citrus: a fuzzy logic model for optimum evapotranspiration. Desalination and Water Treatment, 55(2), 315-324.