Western Civilization 1589 to Present Essay Example

progress. The disparity between these two eras in determining the truth is vast.

The medieval views are incredibly outdated while the new scientific views are groundbreaking even in current times. In what ways did Enlightenment ideas impact the American Revolution and Constitution? How did the American attempt differ from previous European attempts to incorporate Enlightenment principles into political governance? The concept of enlightenment was initially introduced in the late seventeenth century and developed into a powerful movement during the eighteenth century. It not only gained traction in Europe but also had an influence on America (Nash, 2000). Every individual has the inherent right to enjoy basic civil rights on this planet.

The Enlightenment ideals sparked a revolution in the American constitution. Amendments made between 1863 and 1877 during American congressional reconstruction emphasized the power of the people, civil rights, and self-independence. The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments are considered legacies of this era and continue to hold significance ("Constitution for the United States of America"). These amendments paved the way for equal opportunities for all individuals. Historian Franklin stated that "All public schools, colleges, and universities supported by public funds shall be free and open to all children and youths regardless of race or color" (Franklin, 1994). The American constitutional amendments played a crucial role in fostering political stability through their sincere and precise approach.

Abraham Lincoln implemented amendments in the constitution during the chaos of the south, aiming to improve people's lives. These amendments differed from those in Europe as they were specifically designed for the benefit of the people.

The French Revolution was primarily caused by economic, political, and social challenges faced by France in 1789. Various

factors including national debt, taxation issues, failure of Louis's reforms, and exercise of individual and social freedoms contributed to this revolution. Long-term factors such as bad governance, inadequate taxation practices, and limited freedoms played a significant role in instigating revolutionary sentiments among the French populace (Cody).

The highly populated nation became a mob during the revolution, as the unfair system caused panic among the population who wanted to free themselves from their rulers ("corner of the world"). The increasing problems in France awakened a sense of equality and freedom among individuals, amidst the growing pollution. The enlightenment philosophers and social theorists influenced the people towards revolution (Rude, 1994).

What do you consider to be the three most significant inventions of the industrial age? In what ways did these inventions alter the production process? The industrial revolution shifted the balance of power and ushered in a battle between mechanics and economy.

The Industrial Revolution began in the 18th century but gained recognition and acceleration after 1850. Humans were replaced by machines, leading to the discovery of new industries and an overall optimization of the industry (Usher, 1920). The canals, steam engine, and electricity generation played crucial roles in this revolution. The textile industry was the first to mechanize, with canals supplying water for growing textile crops and the steam engine and electricity providing energy for efficient production (Bose).

According to Nardinelli, the key inventions of the industrial revolution were the liberals, nationalists, and socialists. Between 1815 and 1850, these different ideologies challenged conservatives through their ideas and actions. The ideological war divided the country into two opposing ideas, as the liberals and conservatives firmly held their respective beliefs.

The conservatives supported

the central government system, aiming to preserve the colonial institutions and maintain their current practices. In contrast, the liberals opposed the conservative ideals and sought to form a state based on European enlightenment principles, with limitations on church and military privileges (Schlesinger). The issue of nationalism also played a significant role in America. White nationalism stemmed from the belief in a racial definition of national identity, advocating for a separate white state and potentially native dominance. Conversely, the conservatives held a more moderate stance and vehemently rejected this concept.

Socialism, a moderate ideology compared to the other two discussed, had its own distinct following. While it did not instill much fear in conservative leaders, it attracted a separate group of people who sought to establish a community system in the United States free from racial or other alarming elements. As a result, socialists were not regarded in the same vein as nationalists or liberals.