Introduction Bill Owens, DDS strives to provide a safe environment for all its stakeholders, including patients and employees.
In order to discover the strengths and weaknesses of first aid and CPR training in our office, a needs assessment was conducted during a period of several months prior to the development of this training program. The needs assessment revealed that the current staff is unfamiliar with the concepts and skills needed to properly assess and administer first aid.A pre-training assessment administered by the American Red Cross revealed that the potential trainees displayed competency in only 1 of the 11 basic skills areas Morale and productivity are suffering as a result of this deficiency. In addition, emergencies, which call for immediate and precise attention, may result in further injury or loss of life due
...to the lack of knowledge in these areas. To address this need, a formal First Aid and Training plan is being proposed. Objectives The desired result of the trainee’s education in this area is based on a Competency Model.
The elements of basic first aid and CPR skills, as well as, operation of the automated external defibrillator will be addressed during training. Each trainee will be expected to attain an expert level in each area as the result of initial and repeated training. Each trainee will be expected to attain certification in first aid and CPR. The period to reach this level will be no longer, than six months after the initial training is received. Training design A certified Red Cross member will administer the initial course in the First Aid and CPR training program.The lesson plans will include both lecture, with the ai
of audiovisual content, hands-on practice, and real-life simulations.
The resources needed for this training will include an instructor, the office conference area, audiovisual equipment, information booklets, and the allotment of one eight hour work day. Also at this time, a safety coordinator will be selected to learn the course materials so he or she can meet the requirements to provide future in-house instruction on this subject matter. Since new employees may be introduced into our organization uring the development stage of our in-house program, a set of training videos will be purchased along with testing materials to supplement the yearly training schedule. A maximum of eleven months and 29 days will pass between each annual session of formal refresher training. A maximum of 6 months and one day will exist between informal refreshers of basic skills.
This period is based on numerous studies by the Occupational safety and Health Administration, which show that, the retention rate for these skills last between 6 and 12 months (OSHA).Training evaluation The effectiveness of the training program will be assessed on a multi-annual basis. The method of evaluation will incorporate the “Kirkpatrick’s four-level framework” (Noe p. 200-204). Level 1 gauges the trainees’ reaction to the training. The method of assessment for this level will consist of surveys that will be distributed and completed by the employee’s after each yearly training session.
Level 2 which evaluates the knowledge obtained from the training will be monitored using a pretest/posttest design.Each trainee will be given an identical exam covering the lesson objectives before the training and after completion. Level 3 gauges the changes in the trainee’s behavior because of training. Applications of
skill competencies will be exhibited in unannounced real-life simulations of practical situations.
The doctors on a daily basis will also observe behavior. Level 4 evaluates the results or business related outcomes of the training. The trainee’s will also see the result of successful training in a monetary benefit.Performance evaluations will assess the skill and behavior improvements or need for improvements in this area. Monthly productivity reports in comparison to pre-training reports will be used to monitor the financial results of the program.
Financial and non-monetary implications Up to this point, First Aid and CPR training has not been included in our budget. However, our flexible budget for the fiscal year 2007 has already been adjusted to provide an allowance in the amount of $4000 to allocate this expense.A recent cost-benefit analysis has made us aware that this expense is minute compared to the benefits which will result from the training. The breakdown of this analysis is displayed on the board in front of you but let me summarize the results for you.
The total training costs for the fiscal year 2007 amount to a mere $3833. 16 which means that the cost of each trainee is only $319. 44. The benefits, which include increased productivity of the staff and doctors, and the avoidance of potential yearly non-compliance fines by OSHA, amount to over $75,000.In addition, quality of care and employee morale will increase.
And even though these last two benefits are not measurable in dollars, their presence is indeed priceless for our organization. The expected Return on Investment (ROI) is a whopping 19. 6 percent with a total savings of $71,367 per year. Alternative Methods
of Training Other types of training designed to instill and enhance first aid and CPR skills have been explored. E learning was immediately ruled out since the expense is quite high and no hands on practice exists for the trainees.The other two methods, which were considered, were sending the entire staff to a community CPR class or having a Red Cross instructor, provide our training each year in our office.
A comparison of the costs of these alternatives and the aforementioned option of an in-house instructor show that the chosen option is by far the least expensive. Please note that these costs are only direct costs and do not include indirect costs or overhead. Other downfalls of these alternatives include the flexibility and individual feedback lacking in the community training and office visit settings.Legal Implications The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA p.
10) First Aid standard (29 CFR 1910. 151) requires trained first-aid providers at all workplaces of any size if there is no “infirmary, clinic, or hospital in near proximity to the workplace which is used for the treatment of all injured employees. ”(OSHA p. 10) The nearest full- service care center is located approximately thirteen miles away from our facility so this regulation refers to our situation. In addition to first-aid requirements of 29 CFR 1910.
51,” several OSHA standards also require training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) because sudden cardiac arrest from asphyxiation, electrocution, or exertion may occur”. (OSHA p. 10 ). Fines for violations of these standards range from thousands to millions depending on the severity and repetitions of the violation. In addition, written safety plans and appropriately trained staff can
minimize the potential for damages lawsuits posed by employees and patients.
Conclusion The decision to present this proposal for the implementation of a First Aid and CPR training program has resulted from the outcomes of a thorough needs assessment.This organization has the needed resources available for training and the employees are willing and motivated to embrace this continuous learning experience. A demonstrated lack of skills and abilities in first aid and CPR, as well as, unmet standards designated by OSHA make it imperative that our office immediately implement the proposed plan. Executive Summary The organization of Bill Owens D. D.
S. is dedicated to transforming into a learning organization, which not only creates and shares information to enhance productivity and growth within the workplace, but also use this knowledge to give back to the community.The proposed First aid and Training program adheres to our core business strategy to provide a safe and caring environment for all stakeholders. This training will enhance employee skills, which will not only be utilized in the office, but also, at home and in the community. In essence, it will be affecting a large number of lives and the knowledge can be easily transferred to others.
The basic skills, which will be taught during the program, will maintain our strict adherence to federal standards and regulations.Its outcomes are also tied to key business results, such as increasing the bottom line through increases in productivity. Works Cited Cost Comparison. (n. d.
). American Red Cross, Seattle. “Workplace In-House Instructors”. 11 Oct 2007 http://www. seattleredcross.
org/show. aspx? mi=4180 Noe, Raymond A. Employee Training and Development. 4th ed.
Boston: McGraw- Hill/Irwin, 2008. Occupational Safety
and Health Administration (OSHA) “Best Practices Guide: Fundamentals of a Workplace First-Aid Program”. 11 Oct 2007 http://www. osha. gov/Publications/OSHA3317first-aid.
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