Enhancement of Modern Fiber Optics Essay Example

the range goes further than this, there is an equipment hut every 40-60 miles so that it can picks up and retransmits the signal down the next segment at fulfillments. With the recent advance of fiber technology, it has managed to reduce financial loss with no amplification of the optical signal is needed over distances of hundreds of kilometers. This has greatly educes the cost of optic system especially over undersea spans where the cost of the amplifier is the key factor determining the whole cable system. With this, several manufactures managed to upgrade up to quadruple the capacity of older submarines' system installed in the early to mid assess. Even the modern fiber optic cable which sends a Max of 10 gigabyte of data per second can be improved.

Though there are no real application of improved modern fiber optic system is currently in use, there are many ideas and theories provided by researchers over the past few years stating it to be the breakthrough of modern fiber optic. For an instance, a team of researchers working through Australia's Centre for Ultrahigh Bandwidth Devices for Optical systems (JUDOS) and Monish University researcher take a new approach by packing the data channels closer together, thereby allowing more lanes on the same super-highway.

Their findings were presented at the world's largest optical communications conference, Optical Fiber Communication (AFC), in California in March 2013.  They claim that it increases the data capacity of optical networks to the point that all of the worlds' internet traffic could be transmitted via a single fiber. This also allows them to exceed the limit of modern fiber optic's transfer rate, which

is 10 terabyte per second with a distance of 528 miles long, as to compare to DADS 2+ speeds which commonly transfer only 6 megabits per second. Another breakthrough founded by Ranchmen's and Wilier was to increase the data flow through fiber optic cables by moving light through them in a spiral motion, rather than a straight line.

Most of us are aware that light is propagated through an optical fiber, that is, by using total internal reflection which is considered to be 2 dimensional: The signal is, in essence, flat. So far, this traditional method alone managed to offer the bandwidth that meet the consumer needs for data transmission.

However, as the requirements of high capacity increases, this bandwidth is falling short. Orbital angular momentum (MOM) or optical vortices in fiber optics which centers on donuts-shaped laser light beams.

The research release in June 28 issue of 2013 on journal science stated that the new discovery was relying on the 2 nature of photon which are spin angular momentum and MOM. From this fact, the data-carrying light beams down a fiber-optic cable should be restricted to 2 dimensional, but instead loud rely on multiple modes of transmission.

Optical vortices have been in use for quite some time in the fields of molecular biology, atomic physics and quantum optics, but never once applied in fiber optics because it was thought to be unstable to be used in fiber. This was due to the design of the fiber-optic cable which it is meant to work on the principle of total internal reflection and requires the light to be transmitted in the fiber at an angle which will ensure

that the light gets bounced back in rather than escaping the fiber through refraction.

Ranchmen's successfully developed a new design of fiber which was tested to transmit data at speed of 1. HTTPS over a single fiber for a distance of 1 km. The traditional method was using a single mode transmission using multiple colors packed in that mode. It is similar to that of a single ray of white light containing a spectrum that can be separated at the other end, which each color is carrying a stream of bits from one end to the other. By increasing the number of colors or wavelengths of data carrying laser signals where the signals are processed according to color helps enhancing the bandwidth.

Though this method worked well since the sass when the method was introduced, the number now is reaching its physical limits. 6 On the other hand, the concept applied in the optical vortices in fiber optics was to use multiple colors in each mode and multimode transmission. This drastically increases the number of such white light sources for a single fiber, thus increasing the bandwidth utilization. Ranchmen's had changed the design so that the material causes the waves to reflect back even in their helical paths. This design had successfully transmitted the light through the fiber despite of being in donuts happen.

Unlike the traditional method, MOM modes in these specially designed fibers can carry streams across an optical fiber while remaining separate at the receiving end. How the designed was achieved was by coating the internal surface selectively by reflective material, primarily semi conductors. In Ranchmen's and Wailer's research, they created an

optical vortices fiber with four modes and showed that each MOM mode, they could send data through a one-kilometer fiber in 10 different colors, demonstrated a terabyte-per-second capacity transmission.

Although there is till a long way to implement this technology for mass production upon considering the equipment and pricing, there is no doubt that this new fiber optic technology will increase bandwidth drastically and also offer much greater connectivity by Internet providers.  It is undeniable, that the height of fiber optics advancement has become a driving force to the culmination of modern telecommunication. There are many enhancements that are yet to be discovered to overcome the current existing limitations.