How did the British government react to the Boston Tea Party?

they closed the port and sent troops to patrol the streets of Boston. More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/history-ch-16-lesson-1/

What did the Boston Tea Party protest against?

A monopoly on tea sales. More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/john-adams-quiz/

What did England do to punish Boston for the Boston Tea Party?

Coercive Acts More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/history-bee-questions/

What led the colonists to stage the Boston Tea Party?

1. New laws made the colonists angry. 2. British rule said that all tea had to be bought from only one company. 3. About 60 colonists dressed as Native Americans boarded a tea ship in Boston Harbor and threw the tea overboard case by case. More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/history-ch-16-lesson-1/

boycotting, refusing to buy British goods or services (Boston Tea Party)

how did the many colonists protest the new taxes More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/social-studies-chapter-6-study-guide-the-colonies-unite/

Week 3 History Sentence Tell me about the Boston Tea Party

In 1773, colonists dressed as Mohawks dumped tea from the British East India Company into Boston Harbor More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/cycle-3-history/

Boston Tea Party test questions and answers | Get Access To Boston Tea Party Flashcards and exam tests

Q: Which best describes why the Boston Tea Party is considered such a significant event in US history?

It was the first major act of defiance by the colonists. More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/declaration-of-independence-220297/

Q: Which was not part of the Boston Tea Party?

John Adams was sent to prison on December 17, 1773. More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/chapter-5-6-american-history-quiz/

Q: How did the Boston Tea Party express the views of many colonists?

It showed the colonists strongly protested the tea tax. More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/social-studies-chapter-8-study-guide-5th-grade/

Home Page Arts And Humanities History History of the Americas Boston Tea Party

We've found 19 Boston Tea Party tests

American Revolution Anthropology Boston Tea Party Middle East One Drop Rule

Anthro101 quizzes – Flashcards 45 terms

Cara Robinson

45 terms

Preview

Anthro101 quizzes – Flashcards

question

What is described in the text as "an invisible package of unearned assets" that are the legacy of generations of racial discrimination?

answer

White Privlige

question

The specific inherited genetic patterns of a person or organism are called its:

answer

genotype.

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A historical term meant to belittle and vilify "mixed" marriages is:

answer

miscegenation.

question

Personal prejudiced beliefs and discriminatory actions based on race constitute:

answer

individual racism.

question

What rule assigns the children of racially "mixed" unions to the subordinate group?

answer

hypodescent

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Originally, this term referred to a distinct group of people with a shared place of origin, but it is now most commonly used to refer to a country.

answer

nation

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When part of an ethnic group splits off or two groups combine to form a new group that identifies itself separately, this is known as:

answer

ethnogenesis

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Efforts by representatives of one ethnic or religious group to remove or destroy another group in a particular geographic area are known as:

answer

Ethnic Cleansing.

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An individual's self-identification with a particular group that can shift according to social location is known as:

answer

Situational Negotiation of Identity

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Sometimes a group of people breaks away from an ethnic group to form a new identity, and, in the past, two ethnic groups have combined to form a new and unique identity. These are examples of:

answer

Ethnogenesis

question

A person who believes that Italians are somehow "inferior" and therefore refuses to give an Italian person a job is demonstrating:

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individual racism.

question

Despite different societies' efforts to divide people into different biologically discrete groups, genetic evidence shows that human variation is:

answer

clinal.

question

Anthropological research reveals that most ethnic groups and nations are recent historical creations, our connection to people within these groups is relatively new, and our shared traditions are recently invented. In addition, most members will never meet each other. Therefore, most nations today are:

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imagined communities.

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As part of a territorial conflict in Bosnia, ethnic Croats expelled, imprisoned, or killed the Muslim people who they had lived peacefully next door to for more than five hundred years. This illustrates the concept of:

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ethnic cleansing.

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The Indian American community has broken down many old barriers once held in India, but has chosen to deny efforts by the members of the South Asian Lesbian and Gay Alliance (SALGA) to participate in the India Day Parade. This illustrates the concept of:

answer

ethnic boundary markers.

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Gender stereotypes are defined as:

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culturally based preconceived notions about the attributes of differences between, and proper roles for, men and women.

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Anne Fausto-Sterling's analysis of biological sexual identity identifies:

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five sexes, including intersexuals.

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The phrases "boys will be boys" and "it's a girls' thing" reflect gender:

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stereotypes.

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Gender is defined as:

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the expectation of thought and behavior that each culture assigns to people of different sexes.

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Gender ideology is defined as:

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a set of cultural ideas about the essential character of different genders that functions to promote and justify gender stratification.

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________ is gender identity displayed through action.

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Discourse

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Geneticists have been able to successfully identify:

answer

no gene or cluster of genes that determines sexuality.

question

Contemporary anthropologists study sexuality:

answer

in cultures worldwide, including western cultures.

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Which of the following is NOT an example of the attempt to regulate aspects of sexuality by cultural institutions such as the government?

answer

age of licensed driver

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All of the following are examples of sexuality in contemporary media and politics, EXCEPT:

answer

the debate over U.S. intervention in Syria

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Sexuality involves:

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both personal choices and cultural ideas.

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According to contemporary cultural anthropologists, humans in most cultures engage in sexual activity:

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both for procreation and fun.

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The Victorian ideal of sexuality was heavily influenced by which of the following:

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Christian Teachings.

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The restudy of women's role in the Trobriand Island exchanges indicated that:

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Women and men played complementary roles in the exchange of foods.

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Sex tourists in the Dominican Republic are typically:

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White European men.

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Which type of marriage between two individuals is negotiated in order to form economic and political alliances between larger kinship groups?

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Arranged.

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Which of the following phenomenon is currently placing stress on kinship systems worldwide?

answer

globalization.

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Which of the following types of descent groups traces kinship through both the mother and the father?

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ambilineal.

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Looking cross-culturally, anthropologists argue that:

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definitions of marriage vary across cultures and over time.

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Individuals learn basic patterns of human behavior from their families in a process termed:

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enculturation.

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Which of the following types of marriage consists of one individual married to one other individual only (most commonly one man married to one woman)?

answer

Monogamy

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Which of the following is a descent group that is constructed through the mother's side of the family?

answer

matrilineal

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Which of the following builds kinship ties between two people who are not typically immediate biological kin?

answer

Marriage

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Kinship includes:

answer

biological descent and marriage alliances, but also practices such as fostering and fictive kin.

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Which type of assisted reproductive technology involves the implantation of a woman's egg that has been fertilized in a laboratory?

answer

in vitro fertilization.

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Cousins who are children of a mother's brother or father's sister are considered which type of cousins?

answer

cross-cousins

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Early anthropologists identified how many primary systems used to classify relatives in the parental generation, including the bifurcate merging system?

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four.

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One way in which humans construct kinship groups is by tracking genealogical:

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descent.

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The incest taboo-rules that forbid sexual relations with close relatives such as siblings and parents-is:

answer

universal across all cultures in the world.

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Most people in the world practice which type of descent as their primary strategy to track kin group membership?

answer

Patrilineal

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Boston Tea Party History of the Americas Shot Heard Around The World

Social Studies Chapter 8 Study Guide – 5th Grade – Flashcards 20 terms

Millie Miller

20 terms

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Social Studies Chapter 8 Study Guide – 5th Grade – Flashcards

question

Why did Britain impose the Stamp Act and the Townshend acts on the colonists?

answer

Britain needed money

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Who was the one to first speak out against the Stamp Act?

answer

Patrick Henry

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What were some effects of the colonists' protests of British taxes?

answer

The Sons of Liberty were formed. Colonists boycotted British goods.

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Who organized the Sons of Liberty?

answer

Samuel Adams

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What was the effect of British taxation on the colonists as a whole?

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They started to unite as Americans.

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What did the Daughters of Liberty do to support the boycott of British goods?

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They made tea and wove cloth.

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Describe the purpose of the Committees of Correspondence.

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To share news among the colonies.

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What caused the Intolerable Acts?

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The Boston Tea Party

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How did the Boston Tea Party express the views of many colonists?

answer

It showed the colonists strongly protested the tea tax.

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What was a Patriot?

answer

Colonists who opposed British rule.

question

The Intolerable Acts consisted of what three punishments?

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1. Boston harbor was closed to all ships except British ships. 2. The colonists had to feed and house soldiers. 3. British officials could not be tried in colonial courts so they had the freedom to do whatever they pleased to whomever they pleased.

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Who offered to lead men in battle for the relief of Boston?

answer

George Washington

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Which Patriot warned of the British attack?

answer

Paul Revere

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Put the following events in sequential order: Battle of Concord, Battle of Lexington, British retreat to Boston, Paul Revere was captured.

answer

1. Paul Revere was captured. 2. Battle of Lexington. 3. Battle of Concord. 4. British retreat to Boston.

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What battle began with "the shot heard round the world"?

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Battle of Lexington

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Which brief battle forced the British to retreat to Boston?

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Battle of Concord

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Who led the colonists in the Battle of Bunker Hill?

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William Prescott

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Why was "No taxation without representation!" a meaningful slogan?

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The colonists believed Britain had no right to tax them without allowing them to have representation in the government.

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What was the purpose of the First Continental Congress?

answer

To decide what actions to take against Britain.

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What evidence is there that Paul Revere's ride was successful?

answer

The British were out-manned at Concord and suffered great losses.

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Boston Tea Party History of the Americas Social Studies Stamp Act Congress

APUSH Unit 2 Study guide – Flashcards 33 terms

Roy Johnson

33 terms

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APUSH Unit 2 Study guide – Flashcards

question

Salutary Neglect

answer

An English policy of not strictly enforcing laws in its colonies

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Triangular Trade

answer

A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa

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Mercantilism

answer

an economic system (Europe in 18th C) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests

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Navigation Laws

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Promoted English shipping and control colonial trade; made Americans ship all non-British items to England before going to America

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Jonathan Edwards

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American theologian whose sermons and writings stimulated a period of renewed interest in religion in America (1703-1758)

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George Whitefield

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Credited with starting the Great Awakening, also a leader of the "New Lights."

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Old Lights and New Lights

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The "Old Lights" were those who defended the existed order while the "New Lights" were those who embraced the new piety. Due to the great awakening New England became divided into these two fiercely hostile camps.

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Pontiac's Uprising

answer

1763 - An Indian uprising after the French and Indian War, led by an Ottowa chief named Pontiac. They opposed British expansion into the western Ohio Valley and began destroying British forts in the area. The attacks ended when Pontiac was killed.

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Proclamation of 1763

answer

A proclamation from the British government which forbade British colonists from settling west of the Appalacian Mountains, and which required any settlers already living west of the mountains to move back east.

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Stamp Act of 1765

answer

Was issued in order to raise revenues to support the new British military force. Mandated the use of stamped paper certifying the payment of taxes. Colonist were angrily aroused and felt that this act was jeopardizing the basic right of the colonists as Englishmen.

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Internal and External Taxes

answer

Internal taxes were those on cunsumer goods bought in Am such as stamps; external taxes were taxes on all goods imported from England

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Virtual Representation

answer

British governmental theory that Parliament spoke for all British subjects, including Americans, even if they did not vote for its members

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george grenville

answer

Became prime minister of Britain in 1763 he persuaded the Parliament to pass a law allowing smugglers to be sent to vice-admiralty courts which were run by British officers and had no jury. He did this to end smuggling.

question

quartering act

answer

an act passed by the British that allowed British troops to live in the homes of the colonists

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writs of assistance

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legal document that enabled officers to search homes and warehouses for goods that might be smuggled

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declaratory act

answer

Act passed in 1766 just after the repeal of the Stamp Act. Stated that Parliament could legislate for the colonies in all cases.

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committees of correspondence

answer

Organization founded by Samuel Adams consisting of a system of communication between patriot leaders in New England and throughout the colonies

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samuel adams

answer

American Revolutionary leader and patriot

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john adams

answer

A Massachusetts attorney and politician who was a strong believer in colonial independence. He argued against the Stamp Act and was involved in various patriot groups. As a delegate from Massachusetts, he urged the Second Continental Congress to declare independence. He helped draft and pass the Declaration of Independence. Adams later served as the second President of the United States.

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continental congress

answer

the legislative assembly composed of delegates from the rebel colonies who met during and after the American Revolution

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lexington and concord

answer

the two first battles of American revolution, The first battle of the Revolution in which British general Thomas Gage went after the stockpiled weapons of the colonists in Concord, Massachusetts.

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john hancock

answer

Patriot leader and president of the Second Continental Congress; first person to sign the Declaration of Independence.

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Marquis de Lafayette

answer

French soldier who joined General Washington's staff and became a general in the Continental Army.

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benedict arnold

answer

Successful American general during the Revolution who turned traitor in 1780 and joined the British cause.

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patrick henry

answer

Outspoken member of House of Burgesses; inspired colonial patriotism with "Give me liberty or give me death" speech

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john locke and natural rights

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natural rights: life, liberty, property

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thomas hobbes

answer

English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings (1588-1679)

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jean jacques rousseau

answer

A French man who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy

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thomas paine

answer

American Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer (born in England) who supported the American colonist's fight for independence and supported the French Revolution (1737-1809)

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Olive Branch petition

answer

On July 8, 1775, the colonies made a final offer of peace to Britain, agreeing to be loyal to the British government if it addressed their grievances (repealed the Coercive Acts, ended the taxation without representation policies). It was rejected by Parliament, which in December 1775 passed the American Prohibitory Act forbidding all further trade with the colonies.

question

articles of confederation

answer

This document, the nation's first constitution, was adopted by the Second Continental Congress in 1781 during the Revolution. The document was limited because states held most of the power, and Congress lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control coinage.

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patriot

answer

A person who supported the colonists during the American Revolution

question

loyalist

answer

a person who supported the British during the American Revolution

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Boston Tea Party Great Britain And France History of the Americas Philosophers Of The Enlightenment

IDLA US History 10A Module 2 Quizzes – Flashcards 136 terms

Pat Coker

136 terms

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IDLA US History 10A Module 2 Quizzes – Flashcards

question

Boston Massacre

answer

March 5, 1770; confrontation between a mob of more than one hundred Bostonians and a band of nine British soldiers, 5 civilians were killed.

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•Boston Tea Party

answer

December 16, 1773; Protest by a group of Massachusetts colonists, disguised as Mohawks, against the Tea Act and, more generally, against "taxation without representation".

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•Boycott

answer

an organized effort to effect economic change by refusing to buy goods as a punishment or protest.

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•Chief Pontiac

answer

Chief of the Ottawa Tribe. He led his people in a bloody rebellion against the British resulting in the death of thousands of soldiers and settlers.

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•Common Sense

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written by Thomas Paine; called for Independence from Britain. 150,000 copies of Common Sense circulated throughout the colonies and inspired colonists.

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•Continental Congress

answer

federal legislature of the American colonies during the American Revolution.

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•Crispus Attucks

answer

a former slave turned sailor who was killed in the Boston Massacre.

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•Declaration of Independence

answer

formal document declaring independence for the 13 Colonies from Great Britain. The main author of this document was Thomas Jefferson.

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•Declaratory Act

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passed after the repeal of the Stamp Act; declared British authority to make and pass laws for the colonies.

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•Deism

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a religious outgrowth of the Enlightenment. Deists relied on the reasoning power of science rather than on faith. Influenced men like Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson.

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•French and Indian War

answer

(1689-1763) collective name for four colonial wars in North America, fought between Great Britain and France with Native American nations fighting on both sides.

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•Intolerable Acts

answer

also known as the Coercive Acts. British legislation designed to punish the American colonists after the Boston Tea Party.

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•John Adams

answer

future 2nd President of the United States; Represented the British Soldiers in the Boston Massacre trials. Four of the men were acquitted and two were convicted of manslaughter.

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•John Locke

answer

British Philosopher who's writing influenced early American Leaders. Many of his words were referenced in the Declaration of Independence.

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•Lord North

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Prime Minister of Great Britain during Revolutionary War.

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•Minute Men

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citizen soldiers in the American colonies who volunteered to fight the British at a "minute's" notice.

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•Natural Rights

answer

rights granted to human-kind by their Creator. Written about in the Declaration of Independence.

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•Navigation Acts

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passed in 1660's but more fully enforced during the 1760's. Listed specific commodities that could be shipped only within the English empire.

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•Paul Revere

answer

American silversmith and political leader in the American Revolution, did an engraving of the Boston Massacre that was highly inaccurate in its details.

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•Popular Sovereignty

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the political idea that government is created by and subject to the will of the people.

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•Proclamation of 1763

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issued by British Government calling for a halt to westward expansion beyond the Appalachians.

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•Samuel Adams

answer

American revolutionary leader, helped plan the Boston Tea Party.

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•Sons of Liberty

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secret organization formed to protest the stamp act. dressed as Native Americans and carried out the Boston Tea Party.

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•Stamp Act

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(1765) required that revenue stamps be affixed to all printed documents in the American colonies.

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•Stamp Act Congress

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(1765) comprised of delegates from nine colonies; petitioned Parliament to repeal the act.

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•Sugar Act

answer

(1764) parliamentary measures designed to increase Great Britain's profits from the lucrative West Indian and North American sugar trade. Placed tariffs on sugar, wine, coffee, and other items imported by the colonies.

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•Thomas Hutchinson

answer

Massachusetts Governor who three British ships to dock in the Boston Harbor until their tea cargo was unloaded. These ships were the site of the Boston Tea Party.

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•Thomas Jefferson

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future 3rd President of the United States. Main author of the Declaration of Independence; influenced highly by philosophies of John Locke and other philosophers of the Enlightenment.

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•Thomas Paine

answer

political theorist and writer who wrote Common Sense. This action was considered treasonous.

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•Townshend Act

answer

(1767) four measures enacted to raise revenue to pay the salaries of British governors and other officials in the colonies; taxed a wide variety of imports, including glass, lead, paints, paper, silk, and tea.

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•Treason

answer

any act the intention of which is to overthrow the recognized government or harm the head of state. A person convicted of treason is known as a traitor.

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Abigail Adams

answer

wife of patriot leader John Adams; she urged her husband to take women's rights into consideration if and when the colonies gained independence.

question

•Allies

answer

countries or states that unite to benefit one another for a military or other purpose. In the Revolutionary War America were allies with France and Spain.

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•American Revolution

answer

successful revolt by the Thirteen Colonies in North America against British rule.

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•Baroness Von Riedesel

answer

wife of a German General; her writings helped to document the Saratoga Campaign.

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•Battle of Bunker Hill

answer

1775: near Boston; first large scale battle of the war resulting in heavy losses for the British.

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•Battles of Lexington & Concord

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1775: fought in Massachusetts, the first battle of the Revolutionary War.

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•Bayonet

answer

a sword-like stabbing blade that may be fixed to the muzzle of a rifle for use in hand-to-hand fighting.

question

•Benedict Arnold

answer

American Revolutionary general and traitor; angry at General Washington he planned to leak Colonial Intelligence but his plan was foiled.

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•Benjamin Franklin

answer

early Revolutionary and diplomat to Great Britain. He was on the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence and later served at the Constitutional Convention.

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•George Mason

answer

led many protests against the Revenue Acts and was influential member of the Continental Congress.

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•George Washington

answer

g and Commander-in-Chief of the Colonial Army. Future 1st President of the United States.

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•Guerilla Tactics

answer

fighting strategy used by the colonials learned from the Native Americans. Included hiding behind trees or fences, striking quickly and then hiding in the forests and never fighting in formation.

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•Hessians

answer

hired German mercenary soldiers.

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•Intolerable Acts

answer

British legislation designed to punish the American colonists after the Boston Tea Party.

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•John Adams

answer

future 2nd President of the United States; influential member of the Continental Congress, helped to reach the terms of the Treaty of Paris.

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•John Hancock

answer

President of the Continental Congress. Best known as the first signer of the Declaration of Independence.

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•Loyalist

answer

colonists who took the British side during the American Revolution.

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•Marquis de Lafayette

answer

French General who helped to train the Continental Soldiers.

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•Mercy Otis Warren

answer

playwright who during the Revolution used her talents to promote the Revolutionary ideology by creating propaganda like poems and pamphlets.

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•Musket

answer

a muzzle loaded gun used in the Revolutionary War by both the Colonial Army and the British Army.

question

•Olive Branch Petition

answer

1775: document issued by the Continental Congress professing American loyalty and advancing one last plea to the King to prevent further hostilities.

question

•Patrick Henry

answer

member of the Continental Congress; Most famously remembered for saying, "Give me liberty, or give me death."

question

•Patriot

answer

name given to people in the colonies who supported and fought for Independence from Britain.

question

•Paul Revere

answer

member and leader in the Sons of Liberty. Was used as a courier during the war and is most remembered for his "midnight ride."

question

•Richard Henry Lee

answer

member of the Continental Congress. He was the first to introduce the congressional act of declaring independence, seconded by John Adams.

question

•Samuel Adams

answer

founder of the Sons of Liberty leading many protests against the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts. He was a member of the Continental Congress and signed the Declaration of Independence.

question

•Saratoga Campaign

answer

1777: fought in upstate New York, it was a victory for the Colonies and persuaded France help defeat Britain.

question

•Siege of Yorktown

answer

1781: last major military campaign of the Revolutionary War; ended in British General Cornwallis' surrender.

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•Thomas Paine

answer

revolutionary pamphleteer and author of Common Sense.

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•Tories

answer

Another name for Loyalists.

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•Treaty of Alliance

answer

1778: between America and France; it stated that neither country would stop fighting until America won its independence.

question

•Treaty of Paris

answer

1783: treaty signed by America, France and Spain that ended the American Revolution.

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•Valley Forge

answer

1777-1778: located in Philadelphia; this is where the Continental Army spent a harsh winter. Ordeal speaks to the dedication of the Colonial Soldiers.

question

John Adams almost became known as a traitor to the Patriot cause for this action?

answer

Served as the defense attorney for the Soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre

question

The U.S. Constitution made the Continental Congress an obsolete body. True or False.

answer

True. It was redundant.

question

Under the idea of popular sovereignty, who has the power in government?

answer

The people

question

The American Colonists were taxed more than the people living in Great Britain before the French and Indian War. True or False.

answer

False. Prior to the French and Indian War the American Colonists were taxed much less than their British counterparts. This was why the British government was so surprised that they did not accept the Navigation Acts.

question

Loyalists usually came from the ranks of farmers and artisans, the everyday person. True or False.

answer

False. Loyalists were usually wealthy, well educated

question

A secret organization formed to protest against the Stamp Act was?

answer

The Sons of Liberty

question

What ideologies were presented in the Declaration of Independence?

answer

popular sovereignty, equality before the law, and natural rights.

question

Who was the first to use the name, Boston Massacre, to describe the event?

answer

Samuel Adams

question

What chief led his tribe, the Ottawa, in a bloody rebellion against British soldiers and settlers.

answer

Pontiac

question

Deists believe...

answer

in the reasoning power of science rather than just faith.

question

What was the main objective of the First Continental Congress?

answer

to address grievances through correspondence with the crown and parliament.

question

What was declared at the Second Continental Congress?

answer

Independence

question

Has the largest signature on the Declaration of Independence

answer

John Hancock

question

The Sons of Liberty were formed to protest, primarily, which Revenue Act?

answer

The Stamp Act

question

The Navigation Acts were passed in 1760. True or False.

answer

False. The Navigation Acts were originally passed in the 1660's but were not truly enforced until 1760.

question

Free Blacks chose the side of the Patriots in the Revolutionary War. True or False.

answer

False. By the time of the Revolutionary War Great Britain had already issued their Emancipation Proclamation, making slavery illegal. Blacks were often found to have strong Loyalist sentiments in the hope that this proclamation would also cover the colonies.

question

Why were Quakers were often considered Loyalists?

answer

They were religious objectors and stayed out of the conflict

question

What was comprised of delegates from nine colonies who petitioned Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act?

answer

The Stamp Act Congress

question

Who won the French and Indian War?

answer

Great Britain

question

What was the name for the four colonial wars in North America, 1689-1763, fought between Great Britain and France with Native American nations fighting on both sides?

answer

The French and Indian Wars

question

The Proclamation of 1763 called for...

answer

a halt to westward expansion beyond the Appalachians.

question

What are 3 Revenue Acts?

answer

Sugar, Stamp, and Townshend Acts

question

What year were the Navigation Acts?

answer

1660s

question

What year was the Proclamation of 1763?

answer

1763

question

What year was the Sugar Act?

answer

1764

question

What year was the Townshend Act

answer

1767

question

What year was the Stamp Act?

answer

1765

question

What happened to the nine British Soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre?

answer

one was acquitted, six not guilty, and two were branded on their thumbs and went back to the military

question

Is Paul Revere's engraving of the Boston Massacre accurate?

answer

No. Almost everything about Paul Revere's famous engraving of the Boston Massacre is incorrect.

question

The Boston Massacre started as a protest over which Parliamentary Act?

answer

Townshend Act

question

What's wrong with Paul Revere's Boston Massacre engraving?

answer

Paul Revere's famous engraving of the Boston Massacre shows the event happening in the day, when in fact it occurred at night. It also shows the soldiers all lined up in a row with Capt. Preston behind them looking as if he was giving the order to fire. In actuality the soldiers were gathered around the Boston Custom House with Capt. Preston in front of them. There was no order given to fire, the shots were done randomly.

question

Who was appalled by the destruction of personal property at the Boston Tea Party?

answer

Benjamin Franklin

question

Who was the British appointed Massachusetts Governor during the Boston Tea Party?

answer

Thomas Hutchinson

question

Who wrote a rebuttal to the Declaration of Independence?

answer

Thomas Hutchinson, he published it anonymously

question

Author of "Common Sense"

answer

Thomas Paine

question

Wrote the Declaration of Independence

answer

Thomas Jefferson

question

Appointed General of the Colonial Army

answer

George Washington

question

British philosopher who's writing influenced early American Leaders.

answer

John Locke

question

More than 150,000 copies of this pamphlet circulated the colonies and inspired Patriots to break ties with Great Britain.

answer

Common Sense

question

The writing of "Common Sense" was considered as what kind of action?

answer

Treason

question

The federal legislature of the Colonies during the American Revolution was...

answer

The Continental Congress

question

John Locke believed in the "divine right" of the King. True or False.

answer

False. Locke rejected the claim that kings and queens had a "divine right" to rule others. Instead, governments were created among naturally free people as social compacts or contracts.

question

those rights given to a person by their creator, including "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" are ...

answer

Natural Rights

question

John Adams almost became known as a traitor to the Patriot cause for this action?

answer

Served as the defense attorney for the Soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre

question

Has the largest signature on the Declaration of Independence

answer

John Hancock

question

Was one of the first to use the name, Boston Massacre, to describe the event.

answer

Samuel Adams

question

Richard Henry Lee is most notably famous for

answer

Saying "Give me liberty or give me death."

question

Who did the British deport from America after the French and Indian War

answer

French settlers

question

How did The British introduced smallpox to the Native Americans?

answer

smallpox infected blankets

question

The quartering act was just one of the acts in the ______ Acts.

answer

Intolerable

question

To boycott means

answer

to refuse to buy goods

question

British colonists openly defied the Proclamation of 1763 and rushed westward past the Appalachian mountains. True or false?

answer

True... settlers felt they had earned the right to west-ward expand by risking their lives in the new country.

question

Which of the following items was not taxed in the Townshend Acts? Glass lead sugar silk?

answer

Sugar!

question

Which of the following acts was ultimately repealed by Parliament? Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and Townshend Act?

answer

All of them.

question

The Boston Massacre started as a protest over which Parliamentary Act?

answer

Townshend Act

question

Any act with an intention to overthrow the recognized governments or harm the head of state is known as

answer

Treason

question

Who defied French King, Louis XVI's, orders and used his own money to join the American colonists?

answer

Marquis de Lafayette

question

Did the Colonial or the Royal Army have more troops?

answer

Royal Army

question

Who taught the colonists guerilla tactics?

answer

Native Americans

question

Were loyalists usually farmers and artisans, everyday people?

answer

question

About how many colonists were loyalists?

answer

1/3

question

Free Blacks chose the side of the Patriots in the Revolutionary War.

answer

question

The Olive Branch petition was issued by the British Parliament in an attempt to end the tensions leading up to the Revolutionary War.

answer

False

question

What was the first major battle of the American Revolution?

answer

Lexington and Concord

question

British General Cornwallis surrendered at which Revolutionary Battle?

answer

Yorktown

question

Which battle was the first American Victory in the Revolutionary War?

answer

Saratoga

question

He helped in negotiating the Treaty of Paris ending the Revolutionary War.

answer

John Adams

question

From Virginia, a strong supporter for creating a colonial militia.

answer

Patrick Henry

question

Which founding father did not sign the US Constitution?

answer

George Mason

question

Planned the Boston Tea Party Samuel Adams

answer

Samuel Adams

question

Dress as Indians and threw tea in sea

answer

Sons of Liberty

question

Laws to punish Boston for the tea party

answer

Intolerable Acts

STUDY

18th Century Boston Tea Party New Jersey Plan Taxation Without Representation Three Fifths Compromise

PS – Flashcard 50 terms

Sam Arent

50 terms

Preview

PS – Flashcard

question

1. What was the most common form of taxation during the colonial era?

answer

Taxes on commercial product & activities

question

2. A ________ is a system of government in which states retain sovereign authority except for powers expressly delegated to a national government.

answer

Confederacy

question

3. The Articles of Confederation were adopted in ________.

answer

1777

question

4. Who was NOT appointed to help draft the Declaration of Independence? *** (*) who were appointed?

answer

[George Washington] (*)Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, John Adams, Robert Livingston

question

5. The 1787 convention to draft a new constitution was held in ________.

answer

Philidelphia

question

6. Shays's Rebellion was significant because it ... ***

answer

1. Demonstrated that the present government was unable to protect property rights 2. Proved the government of the confederation had become dangerously inefficient

question

7. The ability of the president to veto a bill passed by Congress is a good example of ________.

answer

Checks & Balance President - veto power over congress legislation Senate - approve presidential appointments Judicial - review of congress enactments

question

8. Montesquieu called ________ the principle of giving each branch of government its own constituency.

answer

Mixed regime

question

9. The supremacy clause ...

answer

(Article VI) "Federal law is the supreme law of the land"

question

10. Successful amendments to the Constitution ***

answer

Are most commonly concerned with the structure or composition of the government

question

11. What clause in the U.S. Constitution affirms that national laws and treaties, made under the authority of the Constitution, are the supreme law of the land?

answer

Supremacy clause

question

12. Which of the following powers do state governments NOT have? *** (*) State government powers?

answer

To coin their own money (*) Power to develop & enforce criminal codes, Administer health & safety rules, Regulate the family via marriage / divorce laws, Licensure (regulate indivicual's livelihoods), Private property

question

13. Which of the following is the best example of a concurrent power under the U.S. Constitution? ***

answer

The power to regulate commercial activity

question

14. The power of Congress to regulate commerce with foreign nations, among the several states, and with Native American tribes is found in ________ of the U.S. Constitution.

answer

Article I

question

15. Which of the following economic policies was the national government allowed to implement during the nineteenth century? ***

answer

Establishing a series of national banks

question

16. What was a major reason that the slogan "states' rights" became tarnished in the 1950s and 1960s?

answer

It had been used by southern opponents of the civil rights movement to support racial segregation

question

17. Which event was most influential in the rise of a more active national government?

answer

The Great Depression

question

18. What have many political scientists called laboratories of democracy?

answer

The States

question

19. ________ is evidenced when national officials fund a project that is actually implemented in the states.

answer

Cooperative federalism

question

20. Which of the following statements about federalism in America is true? ***

answer

???

question

21. Which of the following is true about the Bill of Rights? ***

answer

???

question

22. In West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette (1943), the Supreme Court justices announced that

answer

Children cannot be required to salute the flag if it violates their religious faith

question

23. Van Orden v. Perry (2005) and McCreary v. ACLU (2005) illustrate that

answer

???

question

24. Justice Potter Stewart was talking about ________ when he declared "I know it when I see it."

answer

Pornography? Obscenity?

question

25. Which of the following is true about high school students in public schools?

answer

???

question

26. The takings clause states that government may not take private property

answer

Without compensation

question

27. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) established the right

answer

A defendant in a felony trial must be provided a lawyer free of charge if the defendant cannot afford one

question

28. Which of the following statements about America's prison population is FALSE? ***

answer

???

question

29. The Terri Schiavo case was an example of

answer

The end of life care?

question

30. Which rights do not fall under constitutional arguments in favor of the right to privacy? ***

answer

The right use pornography

question

31. One important cause of the United States' two-party system is

answer

Single-member electoral districts

question

32. Who elects the chairperson for the Republican and Democratic national committees?

answer

The president, if the party controls the white house The party committee, if the party DOES NOT control the white house

question

33. Which of the following statements about Organizing for America (OFA) is FALSE? ***

answer

Established offices in only three states ... CA, NY, Massachusetts

question

34. Which of the following statements about parties in Congress is FALSE? *** (*) True?

answer

True ... 1. Congress is a collection of generalists trying to make policy on specialized topics 2. Members of congress are surrounded by people who know more than they do 3. Members of congress are often unsured of what is being voted on when a roll-call vote is called 4. Members frequently ask their colleagues how to vote

question

35. Which of the following statements about partisan identification in the United States is most accurate? ***

answer

Party identification varies significantly by income, race, & gender

question

36. In contemporary American politics, solid support for the Republican Party comes from the ________.

answer

South & Mountain west

question

37. Historically, realignments occur

answer

when new issues combined with economic/political crises is to mobilize new voters & persuade large numbers of voters to re-examine their traditional partisan loyalties

question

38. From 1896 to 1932, the ________ Party was the nation's majority party.

answer

Republic

question

39. Issues such as the environment, health care, retirement benefits, and taxation are on the political agenda in the United States because ... ***

answer

Contemporary political parties mainly compete for the support of mid-class Americans & these issues are important to the mid-class

question

40. Which of the following statements concerning third parties is FALSE? *** (*) True??

answer

The earliest third parties in the US arose as a result of the great depression (*) True ... 1. Shortlived 2 Adopted by one of the two major parties 3. Support limited by geographic region

question

41. Brief quotes and short characterizations of the day's events in news coverage are called ________.

answer

Sound Bites

question

42. Why do radio stations repeat the news so often throughout the day?

answer

The audience is constantly changing since most people listen to the radio in their cars

question

43. Which of the following statements best describes the changing ownership patterns in the American media? ***

answer

There has been a recent trend toward homogenization of national news as conglomerates have come to own a larger & larger percentage of the media

question

44. Daily Internet users who participate in society and politics through online activities are called ________.

answer

Digital Citizens

question

45. Which of the following is NOT a reason that Americans prefer online news? ***

answer

The accuracy & objectivity of the information found online

question

46. Which of the following statements about the news is true? ***

answer

???

question

47. Which of the following statements about adversarial journalism is FALSE? *** (*) True???

answer

It became an establish practice during WWII (*)True ... 1. Been accused of leading to increase political cynicism among American citizens 2. Permitted the media to gain more autonomy from the political figures they publicize 3. Enhanced the media's population as the "watch dog" of American politics

question

48. Which of the following statements about leaks is FALSE? ***

answer

???

question

49. Which of the following is NOT a reason why a free media is necessary to democratic government? ***

answer

A free media is needed to ensure economic equality

question

50. If a television station sold commercial time to a Republican candidate for governor but refused to sell time to the Democratic candidate for governor, this station will be violating the _________.

answer

Equal Time Rule

STUDY

African And European Descent AP World History Boston Tea Party Divine Right Monarchy Father Miguel Hidalgo Latin American Independence United States History World History

Unit 3 – Great War, FLVS U.S. History 3.03 The Great War, The Great War – Exam 3 – Flashcards 61 terms

Joan Grant

61 terms

Preview

Unit 3 – Great War, FLVS U.S. History 3.03 The Great War, The Great War – Exam 3 – Flashcards

question

What is similar between Bolivar and San Martin?

answer

--Led revolutions against Spain for independence. --Both helped other countries throw off Spanish rule.

question

What did the Missouri Compromise do?

answer

Divided the territory acquired in the Louisiana Purchase into two distinct areas. North of a certain line, slavery was illegal; south of that line, slavery was legal.

question

Who was Guiseppe Garibaldi?

answer

--He led many of the military campaigns that brought about the formation of a unified Italy. --Motivated by nationalism, Italians worked toward uniting their smaller states against Austria's rule (1848-1860). --Due to wide regional differences, Italy was not truly united. --Camillo Benso, conte di Cavour was a leading figure in the movement toward Italian unification.

question

What was the Congress of Vienna?

answer

-International conference held 1814-15 to agree the settlement of Europe after the Napoleonic Wars. -Formation of the German Confederation -Total unification would not be achieved, however, until Otto von Bismarck.

question

Who was Otto Von Bismarck?

answer

--Prussia's prime minister. --Increased Prussia's military with the goal of uniting the German states. -In 1870, Bismarck provoked a war with France. In 1871, these southern states joined with Bismarck in a unified Germany.

question

Who was Alexandar II?

answer

--Late 1800s --Russian Czar --Freed serfs and gave them land to develop market economy

question

Who was Alexander III

answer

--Opposed his father's reforms --Jews frequently attacked

question

What were the Decembrists?

answer

--Secret society --Led to revolt --Refused to accept Nicolas I as czar --Government stopped rebellion

question

What happened during Bloody Sunday (1905)?

answer

--Russian troops fired onto protest, organized by Father Gapon in 1905. --Rebellion followed --Czar Nicholas II promised reforms

question

What were the causes of the Russian Revolution?

answer

--The driving force was the shift industrial society. --Czar Nicholas II never delivered on promised reforms -Russians resented WWI deaths -The Bolsheviks, led by Lenin gained control of Russia and transitioned it to a communist country.

question

What was the British East India Company?

answer

--Started British dominance in India during the mid-1700s. --Indians who fought in the British military (sepoys) had to infringe upon their religious beliefs. --Muslim and Hindu sepoys refused to use the cartridges and they rebelled. Led to SEPOY MUTINY. British troops put down the rebellion.

question

What was the British Raj?

answer

--British control in India --Britain created transportation networks to make military movement and trade more feasible. --The Indian National Congress and Muslim League --Swadeshi was a boycott of British goods

question

How did imperialism impact CHINA?

answer

--Chinese government would not directly involve itself in dealings with Western traders. Instead, this task was assigned to special Chinese merchants known as COHONG. --Foreign merchants could only communicate with government officials through Cohong intermediaries. Western traders wanted to remove these regulations.

question

How did imperialism impact JAPAN?

answer

--Initially, Japan resisted trade with the West. -In 1853, US Commodore Matthew Perry visited Japan and forced the Japanese to sign trade agreements with America. --The Japanese saw trade with the West as a way to strengthen their nation, and used the revenues from the trading to modernize and industrialize their country.

question

What was the Berlin Conference?

answer

European countries laid claims to African territory. SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA

question

What was the The Schlieffen Plan?

answer

--Before WWI broke out, Count Alfred von Schlieffen developed a plan to invade France in 1905. --From several points along the border, German troops would sweep through Belgium into northern France and destroy the French armies at Paris.

question

What were the MAIN causes of WWI?

answer

Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism

question

What were the two ALLIANCES during WWI?

answer

Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire Allied Powers: France, Italy, Russia, Great Britain, United States

question

What was the Armenian Massacre?

answer

During World War I, nearly 1.5 million of the 2 million Armenians were massacred. During the war, leaders of an extremist Turkish group took control of the region. Shortly thereafter, Armenian men were killed and the women, children, and elderly were sent on death marches through the desert.

question

What role did the US play in the beginning of WWI?

answer

-The United States was neutral -Entered war after the NOTE (written by German diplomat Arthur Zimmerman suggested that Mexico attack the United States) and the BOAT (American were killed when Lusitania was sunk by a German U-boat) . --War ended 11/11/18

question

What was the Fourteen Point plan?

answer

President Wilson called for peace, a reduction in weapons, and more rights for the people. Treaty of Versailles--limit Germany's capability of gaining strength. Creation of the League of Nations. (US Senate refused to ratify) Austrian-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires ceased to exist.

question

What was the Long March?

answer

China succumbed to civil war between the Guomindang, a nationalist group, and the Communist Party forged an agreement. However, communist leader Mao Zedong survived. He led nearly 100,000 Red Army soldiers on a march seeking a safe haven for communists in China.

question

What was the Salt March?

answer

After Gandhi's release from prison (for organizing boycotts and protests), he led thousands of Indians on a 200-mile march to protest a salt tax levied on the Indians.

question

What was Black Tuesday?

answer

-Stock Market crash on October 29, 1929, known as Black Tuesday started the Great Depression. -The Great Depression began in the United States and spread to every part of the world.

question

Which of the following events forced the United States into World War I?

answer

It was Germany's resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare" that forced the United States into World War I, since this led the Germans to sink ships that were carrying US citizens.

question

The United States responded to the sinking of the Lusitania by doing which of the following?

answer

Issuing Germany an ultimatum and accepting the Sussex Pledge

question

In asking Congress to declare war, Wilson said, "The world must be made safe for democracy." This statement suggests that Wilson wanted to go to war because

answer

He wanted to help design the peace settlement

question

"They joined the war effort on the side of the Allies because they thought it would bring them independence after the war." What nation or people does this sentence describe?

answer

African colonies of France and Britain

question

Which of these describes Wilson's position on the war during the 1916 campaign?

answer

He hoped to avoid war but expected that the U.S. would be drawn in.

question

Which of these events happened last?

answer

France refused Germany's request to remain neutral.

question

Why did Germany abandon the "Sussex Pledge?"

answer

"To stop the supplies going to Britain and France" was the one reason among the following choices given in the question why Germany abandoned the "Sussex Pledge". The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the second option. I hope that this is the answer that has helped you.

question

Which statement summarizes ordinary Americans' attitude toward the war in Europe?

answer

They felt that the war was none of their business.

question

Which of these groups benefited from American trade policy during the early years of the war in Europe?

answer

American banks and businesses

question

Which of the following is attributed to countries who raced to build up their navies after 1900?

answer

militarism, as Britain was the world's dominant naval power and Germany was anxious to catch up

question

What was Germany's greatest problem at the beginning of the war?

answer

Having to fight a two front war between France and Russia

question

Ideas of nationalism within its empire particularly threatened which of these European nations in 1914?

answer

"Austria-Hungary" are the Europeans nations where the ideas of nationalism within its empire particularly threatened in the year 1914. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the fourth option or the last option. I hope that this is the answer that has come to your desired help.

question

When and why was the Great War triggered?

answer

-In 1914 A Serbian assassin kills the heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian empire. -Each of the European countries is pulled into the war b/c of alliances with each other in place. -1914 US declares neutrality.

question

Why was the great war considered the first modern war?

answer

-Airplanes dropping bombs, tanks, machine guns, and gas used for the first time in a war. -Trench warfare.

question

What was trench warfare like?

answer

-Soldiers would live in narrow strips of dug out ground and they would shoot over the trench to kill other soldiers in trenches -It didn't result in a lot of territorial gain. -Men would live in these trenches for years -Was the cause of a lot of the bloodshed from gunfire and living conditions.

question

Who were the allies and why was England one of them?

answer

-Allies: Britain, France, and Russia. -We had a natural cultural affinity for England and we had economical gains b/c a major part of our economy was selling to England.

question

Who were the central powers?

answer

Germany, Austria Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire/Turkey

question

What were the customs of U-Boat warfare?

answer

Traditional rules were you warn a boat that you were about to sink so that the passengers could exit the ship before it sank.

question

How did Germany almost make the U.S. enter the war?

answer

-They began sinking U-Boats without warnings and though they targeted British ships, American ships were sunk as well. -They sank the Lusitania, an American passenger ship that had 1200 Americans on board. -He uses diplomacy and gets Germany to agree to no longer ship any more passenger boats.

question

On what platform did Woodrow Wilson run for re-election?

answer

-He runs for election again using the slogan of not going to war and that he kept America out of war and as a result won, however 5 months later America joins the war.

question

What was the Zimmerman Telegram and what did it do in terms of Americans joining the war?

answer

-It was an intercepted letter from german prime minister to Mexico saying that if they joined Germany, Germany would return all the land that the US had taken from them. -This angers the US citizens and incentives the American people to want to join the war.

question

What was the last straw that pushed America to join the war?

answer

-Germany sinks 5 more American boats after saying it no longer would do so.

question

Why did Woodrow Willson feel it was time to go to war?

answer

-After the Germany boat bombings, he asked congress for a declaration of war to make the world safe for Democracy.

question

Casualties of The Great War

answer

-America lost approximately 115,000 -European countries lost millions however. -Most of the casualties in on the European side was due to the spread of influenza flu from American troops to Germany, severely crippling their number of troops.

question

The U.S. government progressiveness during the war.

answer

States would allow the the government to regulate economy for the sake of the war.

question

What was the draft? What reasons did people like or dislike it?

answer

-Everyman between the ages of 18 and 31 and to enlist in the armed forces. -Many Americans didn't like it b/c it felt un-American to them, however were in favor of it because they thought it would unify the nation.

question

African Americans in the draft.

answer

-They were also drafted into labor, but most of them did patty labor, but some did see action serving under France's military.

question

What were war bonds and what was their purpose?

answer

-War bonds were pieces of paper you could buy from the government that you could redeem for more money later; they were seen as the patriotic thing to buy. -War bonds were being pushed so that the war could be funded.

question

How did the market respond to government trying to regulate it?

answer

-The market was much more willing during the war time. -Private sector workers would volunteer ($1/month pay) to work in government agencies to help during the war time.

question

Henry Ford and the government during the Great War.

answer

-The government told Henry Ford to stop making cars b/c it was wasting Iron and to make more tanks. Henry Ford objected but the government forced him by threatening to take over his companies.

question

The railroads during the Great War

answer

The railroads were taken over doing the great war so that they could control timings and make it easier to coordinate things.

question

What did the War Labor Board do?

answer

In return for not holding any strikes, which were seen as dangerous during the war, the workers would receive 8 hour work days, child labor laws,and other things the Union had been asking for, for a while.

question

The Committee on Public Information

answer

-They were in charge of war propaganda who were supposed to explain to the Americans. -They took a different route and demonized the Germans making them look like blood hungry demons. -The propaganda made some people change their German names to their roots.

question

What was the Espionage and Liberties Act

answer

-A law passed that would make spying and treason illegal. -In actuality speaking against the war in any way, even talking agains the draft, was grounds to be arrested for.

question

What were Woodrow Wilson's 14 points

answer

-When going to make the treaty, he made these 14 points of how peace should be reached. -The main points were: -A call for openness -Called for self determination and that the people could determine how they wanted to be governed. -Creation of an international body of nations that would work to mediate problems between countries. -A peace without victory

question

What was it meant by "a peace without victory" and what actually ended up happening?

answer

-Meant a peace without victory -The versa treaty did not reflect it; --Germany had to admit war fault --They were forced to pay for war costs for the other countries -Man people think the stress they were put under led to the rise of the Nazis.

question

Woodrow Willson's League of Nations.

answer

-He gets his league of nations however but congress was against it because they felt America would be pulled into international matters. -Soon later, the league of nations was killed by congress and wasn't allowed to even be considered.

STUDY

AP European History AP United States History Boston Tea Party Economic Activity History of the Americas Strict Interpretation Of The Constitution United States History-Other

Chapter 20 Section 2 Revolutions of 1830 and 1848 – Flashcards 15 terms

Ken Ericksen

15 terms

Preview

Chapter 20 Section 2 Revolutions of 1830 and 1848 – Flashcards

question

Radicals

answer

Those who favor extreme change (as in Paris- citizens fire on soldiers; Charles limits voting.) (Boston Tea Party)

question

Louis Philippe

answer

King of France chosen by moderate liberals who supported the revolution to lead France in a constitutional monarchy (Similar to Bill Gates)

question

Recession

answer

Period of reduced economic activity; 1840's France caused by factories down and poor harvest; caused another revolution- 1789, 1840, 1848

question

Louis Kossuth

answer

Journalist- led Hungarian Nationalist in revolt to Austria, he lost.

question

Napoleon III

answer

9 million voted for Louis Napoleon; wins presidency and appeals to working class. Declared Emperor in 1852, known as Napoleon III. 90% voted in his favor, scared for their lives.

question

How did the French Revolutions of 1820 and 1848 differ?

answer

1830 resulted in a Constitutional Monarchy; 1848 resulted in the Second Republic with a strong president and wider suffrage for men.

question

What was the outcome of most of the revolutions outside France in 1848?

answer

Most revolutions succeeded at first but they were later crushed and their reforms canceled.

question

What ideal led to the revolutions of 1848?

answer

Liberty

question

How did the revolutions affect Europe's monarchs?

answer

They were threatened.

question

How were the "February Days" and "June Days" similar and different?

answer

Both uprisings included street fighting, but February's ended with the proclamation of the Second Republic, while June's ended with deeper divisions among the classes.

question

What ideals survived despite how quickly most rebellions throughout Europe were crushed?

answer

Equality, Liberty, and Democracy.

question

What were the causes and effects of the revolutions in Europe of 1830 and 1848?

answer

1830 France - Radicals force king to abdicate Belgium - Congress wants to create a strong barrier to help prevent French expansion. Poland - Great powers handed most of Poland to Russia 1848 France- Revolution leads to election of Louis Napoleon ad president. Austria- Books were smuggled into universities Italy- Nationalists wanted to end Hapsburg domination and set up independent republics. Prussia- liberals forced King to agree to a constitution written by an elected assembly. Germany- Frankfurt Assembly offers the king the throne of a united Germany, but he refuses.

question

Who was the "citizen king?"

answer

Louis Philippe

question

What country became independent in 1831?

answer

Belgium

question

How did Louis Napoleon become Emperor Napoleon III?

answer

STUDY

AP United States History AP World History Boston Tea Party Salem Witch Trials World History

AP US History Exam Review Questions Princeton – Flashcards 53 terms

Maisie Clarke

53 terms

Preview

AP US History Exam Review Questions Princeton – Flashcards

question

Which of the following statements about indentured servitude is true? a. Indentured Servitude was the means by which most Africans came to the New World b. Indentured Servitude never attracted many people because its terms were too harsh c. Approximately half of all indentured servants died before earning their freedom d. Indenture was one of the several systems used to distinguish house slaves from field slaves

answer

b. Indentured Servitude never attracted many people because its terms were too harsh

question

The Mayflower Compact foreshadows the US constitution in which way?

answer

Posits the source of government power in the people rather than in God

question

The first important cash crop in the American colonies was

answer

tobacco

question

The philosophy of mercantilism holds that economic power resides primarily in

answer

control of hard currency and a positive trade balance

question

Colonial vice- admiralty courts were created to enforce

answer

import and export restrictions

question

An uprising that was not a Native American vs. Colonists uprising, it was a slave revolt

answer

Stono Uprising

question

Something not true about cities during the colonial era

answer

that the majority of colonists lived in urban areas

question

Colleges and universities during the colonial period were dedicated primarily to the training of

answer

the clergy

question

Why the British did not establish a powerful central government in the American colonies

answer

The British cared so little how the colonists lived as long as the colonists remained a productive economic asset

question

The Albany Plan of Union failed because

answer

none of the colonies was willing to share tax- collecting powers with a national entity

question

American colonists objected to the policies imposed by Parliament after the French and Indian War because :

answer

1. new restrictions would hinder New England trade 2. Their rights as Englishmen were being violated 3. They resented quartering British troops now that the French threat was removed

question

According to the theory of virtual representation

answer

colonists were represented in Parliament by virtue of their British citizenship

question

Stamp Act Congress of 1765 was historically significant in that it

answer

represented a first step in colonial unity against Britain

question

Thomas Jefferson relied on the ideas of John Locke in writing the American Declaration of Independence in all of the following ways EXCEPT Locke's belief that

answer

man must submit to the General Will to protest his natural rights

question

Historians often cite Shays Rebellion (1786-1787) as a significant event in US history because it

answer

made many Americans realize that slavery could not last

question

Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government had which power?

answer

The power of negotiate treaties

question

George Washington established the principle of executive privilege in a dispute with Congress over the

answer

Jay Treaty

question

The Age of Salutary Neglect drew to a close with

answer

the end of the French and Indian War

question

Best summary of the strict constructionist position on the establishment of the National Bank

answer

The Constitution forbids the establishment of the bank because creating a bank is not among Congress's enumerated powers

question

Although the Supreme Court was the weakest of the three branches of government in the early days of the republic, John Marshall strengthened the Court by

answer

establishing judicial review in the case Marbury v. Madison

question

The Louisiana Purchase was an important factor in the development of U.S trade because it

answer

gave the country complete control of the Mississippi River

question

As a result of the Hartford Convention following the War of 1812. . .

answer

the Federalist party lost credibility and eventually died out

question

Andrew Jackson accused Henry Clay of using his influence to broker the "corrupt bargain" of 1824 (which cost Andrew Jackson the election) because Clay

answer

was promised a cabinet position if John Quincy Adams was elected president

question

The controversy over the tariff during the late 1820s and early 1830s demonstrated that

answer

economic sectionalism was a serious threat to national unity

question

Andrew Jacksons positions on the Second National Bank and the American System typified his

answer

distrust of large national government programs

question

The Cherokee of Georgia were forced off their land because

answer

gold was discovered in their territory and Georgians demanded that the Indian Removal Act be enforced

question

Brook Farm in Massachusetts, the Oneida Community is upstate New York, and New Harmony in Indiana were similar in that they

answer

were Utopian communities designed to ameliorate the effects of a growing commerical society

question

As a result of the Mexico- American War, what didnt become apart of the United States

answer

Texas

question

'Bleeding Kansas' was a direct result of the doctrine of

answer

popular sovereignty

question

As a result of the Emancipation Proclamation

answer

nearly 200,000 free blacks and escaped slaves joined the Union Army

question

Andrew Johnson was impeached because

answer

he violated the Tenure of Office Act by firing Secretary of War Stantion

question

The dispute over electoral votes in the election of 1876

answer

was resolved by a special bipartisan commission and resulted in the end of military reconstruction

question

Following the Civil War, most freed slaves

answer

stayed in the South and worked as sharecroppers

question

The Know- Nothing Party focused its efforts almost exclusively on the issue of

answer

immigration

question

The Free Soil Party advocated

answer

the exclusion of slavery from any of the new territories

question

The principle of popular sovereignty stated that

answer

settlers in the Western territories, not Congress, would decide whether to allow slavery in their territories

question

What is NOT a requirement set by the Reconstruction Act of 1867 for Southern States readmission to the Union

answer

The state had to pay reparations and provide land grants to all former slaves

question

The scalawags were

answer

White southerners who supported Republican policies during Reconstruction

question

Supreme Court decisions in the latter nineteenth century most accurately

answer

reduced federal power over the states by narrowly defining the applicability of the Constitution to state law

question

vertical integration refers to

answer

control of all aspects of an industry, from production of raw material to delivery of finished goods

question

Passage of Pendleton Act was a direct result of the

answer

failure of Reconstruction

question

Haymarket Affair represented a major setback for the

answer

Knights of Labor

question

Japan was outraged by the American annexation of Hawaii in 1898 primarily because

answer

nearly half of Hawaii's residents were of Japanese descent

question

The "new immigrants" who arrived in the United States after the Civil War were different from the "old immigrants" in that they

answer

spoke different languages and had different customs than most Americans and thus were not easily assimilated

question

The "Ghost Dance" movement among Western Native Americans did NOT stress

answer

nonviolence

question

In the late nineteenth century, political machines such as Tammany Hall were successful primarily because

answer

machine politicians provided needed jobs and services to naturalized citizens in return for their votes

question

Which of the following was the intended result of the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887

answer

Native Americans would be coaxed off reservations by land grants and would thus assimilate into Western culture

question

Muckrakers furthered the causes of the Progressive movement by

answer

alerting the public to the social ills and corporate corruption targeted by Progressives

question

Prior to the administration of Theodore Roosevelt, the Sherman Antitrust act had been used primarily to

answer

suppress trade unions

question

Following the Spanish- American War and the acquisition of territory overseas, in a series of cases known as the Insular Cases, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that

answer

colonial subjects within the American Empire were not entitled to the rights guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution

question

What best summarizes the contents of the Zimmerman telegram, which was intercepted in 1917?

answer

Germany offered Mexico a chance to regain the land it had lost in the Mexican Cession if Mexico attacked the United States and helped prevent the United States from assisting the Allies

question

Wilson's Fourteen Points plan for peace after World War 1 included all of the following EXCEPT a. promotion of universal self- determination b. lower tariffs to promote free trade c. repayment of all Allied war expenses by Germany d. across the board arms reduction

answer

repayment of all Allied war expenses by Germany

question

Buying 'on margin' contributed to the stock market crash of 1929 because it

answer

allowed traders to pay for stock with projected future profits

STUDY

AP United States History Boston Tea Party History of the Americas King George Iii Stamp Act Congress Trenton And Princeton

American History Revolution pt. 1 61 terms

Marta Browning

61 terms

Preview

American History Revolution pt. 1

question

Who was considered \"the first martyr\" of the American Revolution?

answer

Crispus Attucks

question

What two European powers allied with the Americans in the War for Independence?

answer

France and Spain

question

What did the 1766 Declaratory Act declare?

answer

that Parliament had the power to pass laws for the colonies \"in all cases whatever\"

question

British success in the Seven Years' War contributed to the making of the American Revolution because:

answer

the British raised taxes to pay for the debt it incurred during the war

question

During the War for Independence, 5 percent of U.S. males aged sixteen to forty-five died.

answer

True

question

Following the Boston Tea Party, Parliament imposed restrictions on Massachusetts that included closing the port of Boston, curtailing town meetings, and allowing soldiers to be lodged in people's houses. These restrictions were called:

answer

Coercive or Intolerable Acts.

question

The tactics of American resistance to British colonial policy from the mid-1760s through the mid-1770s included:

answer

speeches and pamphlets challenging Britain's right to tax its colonial subjects,mass demonstrations in the port towns.,boycotts on the importation of British goods.

question

Who was not a member of the American delegation that negotiated the Treaty of Paris?

answer

Samuel Adams

question

Which was not a consequence of the 1765 Stamp Act?

answer

Postal service was restricted to only those willing to obey the law.

question

Who was appointed the military commander of the army during the Second Continental Congress?

answer

George Washington

question

Thomas Paine's January 1776 pamphlet Common Sense argued all of the following except:

answer

It was common sense that in the struggle for independence, the slaves to whom Lord Dunmore offered freedom ought to be freed.

question

In the 1760s, \"liberty\" became the foremost slogan of colonial resistance.

answer

True

question

The Tea Act raised the price of British tea in the colonies.

answer

False

question

The American Declaration of Independence has been an inspirational political document for peoples around the world.

answer

True

question

The Coercive Acts were known as the Abominable Acts in the colonies.

answer

False

question

Sons of Liberty (1765) were said to oppose \"every limitation of trade and duty on it.\" In this context, define \"duty.\"

answer

tax

question

The idea that the United States has a special mission to serve as a symbol of freedom, a refuge from tyranny, and a model for the world is called by historians:

answer

American exceptionalism.

question

By \"unalienable rights\" Thomas Jefferson meant rights so basic that no government could take them away.

answer

True

question

By the time of the Stamp Act crisis, \"natural rights\" had eclipsed the \"rights of freeborn Englishmen\" in the language of colonial protest.

answer

False

question

The British imposed a direct tax (also called an \"internal tax\") for the first time on colonists with the:

answer

Stamp Act

question

Which of the following was not a British law forbidding colonial manufacture?

answer

the Molasses Act of 1733

question

The two southern colonies that did not enroll free blacks and slaves to fight were:

answer

South Carolina and Georgia.

question

Which of the following was not a part of the balance of power between the British and American forces during the Revolution?

answer

The British public was ambivalent over a war to retain the colonies; the American public was united behind a war for independence.

question

In September 1780, the able American commander ____________ turned traitor to the American cause and almost turned West Point over to the British.

answer

Benedict Arnold

question

More Americans than Frenchmen participated in George Washington's decisive victory at Yorktown.

answer

False

question

The Declaration of Independence:

answer

declared the United States independent of British rule.

question

The Carolina \"Regulators\" of the mid-1760s were:

answer

a group of wealthy residents of the backcountry who protested the lack of courts and lack of representation in the colonial governance.

question

By 1780, demoralization within the patriots' ranks was widespread.

answer

True

question

The 1764 Sugar Act provoked the colonists by increasing the tax on molasses imported into North America.

answer

False

question

What did the Sugar Act of 1764 do that so vexed the colonists due to the already existing tax on molasses imported from the French West Indies?

answer

Decreased it

question

When, on April 19, 1775, British soldiers marched from Boston to the nearby town of Concord to seize a cache of weapons, some forty-nine Americans and seventy-three British soldiers died in skirmishes.

answer

True

question

\"Liberty\" was the foremost popular rallying cry in the Age of Revolution that began in British North America and spread to Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean.

answer

True

question

By late 1774, colonial Committees of Safety had begun transferring effective power from established colonial governments (under British control) to grassroots bodies; by 1775, some 7,000 men were serving on local committees throughout the colonies.

answer

True

question

Which was not part of the Boston Massacre on March 5, 1770?

answer

It witnessed tea thrown into Boston Harbor and an Indian massacre.

question

Which of the \"founding fathers\" argued that Parliament had no right to authorize the Writs of Assistance to combat smuggling?

answer

James Otis

question

During the Revolution, the British took great care not to disrupt the lives of American civilians.

answer

False

question

By substituting \"pursuit of happiness\" for \"property,\" Jefferson's Declaration of Independence significantly broadened the American conception of freedom.

answer

True

question

At the beginning of the war, George Washington refused to accept black recruits.

answer

True

question

Which of the following did the Stamp Act affect?

answer

newspapers

question

Who won the Revolutionary War?

answer

Americans

question

Some slaves gained their freedom by serving as soldiers during the Revolution.

answer

True

question

Urban merchants had particular reservations about colonial boycotts of British goods.

answer

True

question

Who engraved the image of the Boston Massacre that became one of the most influential pieces of political propaganda of the Revolutionary Era?

answer

Paul Revere

question

The first battle of the war was very successful for George Washington.

answer

False

question

Which of the following does not help explain the electrifying impact of Thomas Paine's Common Sense?

answer

an insistence that America stood ready to supplant Britain as the world's supreme imperial power

question

The Daughters of Liberty were:

answer

women who spun and wove cloth during the 1768 Townshend Duties boycott.

question

The final decisive victory in the War for Independence was:

answer

Cornwallis's defeat at Yorktown.

question

Committees of Correspondence in the colonies during the 1760s:

answer

were a group of colonial elites who exchanged ideas and information about resistance to the Sugar, Currency, and Stamp Acts.

question

On October 17, 1777, the Americans scored an important victory against British forces at:

answer

Saratoga

question

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

answer

Boston Tea Party; Olive Branch Petition; publication of Common Sense; Declaration of Independence

question

Opposition to the Stamp Act was the first great drama of the revolutionary era.

answer

True

question

Which was not part of the Boston Tea Party?

answer

John Adams was sent to prison on December 17, 1773.

question

The Stamp Act crisis was, in part, a battle to define and extend liberty in colonial America.

answer

True

question

Which of the following was not a feature of the Stamp Act crisis of 1765?

answer

The Stamp Act was passed by the Stamp Act Congress as a way to subvert the power of Parliament to tax the colonies.

question

When colonists insisted that because they were not represented in Parliament they could not be taxed by the British government, the British replied that they were represented by:

answer

virtual representation.

question

As tensions between Britain and the colonies mounted, social conflict within the colonies faded.

answer

False

question

The First Continental Congress met for:

answer

two months

question

Which of the following was not a feature of the 1774 Intolerable Acts?

answer

the repression of Catholicism in the colonies

question

Which of the following was not a source of misgivings in the colonies over the prospect of a complete break with Britain?

answer

fear that England's withdrawal from North America would leave the former colonies open to frontier conflict with the Spanish

question

During the 1760s, backcountry protesters in the Carolinas were known as:

answer

Regulators

question

At Trenton, Washington staged a surprise attack on Hessian mercenaries in the service of the British.

answer

True

STUDY

AP United States History AP World History Boston Tea Party History of the Americas John Adams

APUSH Chapter 5 Vocab 74 terms

Pat Coker

74 terms

Preview

APUSH Chapter 5 Vocab

question

Parliamentary Sovereignty

answer

principle that emphasized the power of Parliament to govern colonial affairs as the preeminent authority

question

Virtual representation

answer

an idea that although the colonists didn't elect members of Parliament, they were still represented by it, because they were part of the British Empire

question

Loyalists

answer

colonists who, throughout the conflict with Great Britain, sided with the king and Parliament; also called Tories; believed American liberty would promote social anarchy

question

Pontiac's Rebellion (1763)

answer

a formidable Native American resistance against American colonists; the native peoples of the backcountry attacked, showing the weakness of the British army stationed there

question

Proclamation of 1763

answer

Declaration by the king of England stating that Americans could not move West past the Appalachian Mountains because it would provoke the Natives

question

Sugar Act (1764)

answer

a tax placed on the colonists by Parliament on sugar, molasses, and rum in an attempt to raise money

question

Quartering Act (1765)

answer

part of the Intolerable Acts; required colonists to give quarter to British soldiers, either by building them or letting them stay in their house

question

Stamp Act (1765)

answer

a law passed by Parliament to raise revenue in America by taxing all paper; outraged everyone

question

Patrick Henry

answer

member of the House of Burgesses that proposed five resolutions protesting the Stamp Act on the floor of the assembly, creating the Virginia Resolves, which sparked interest along the coast

question

Stamp Act Congress

answer

Meeting of colonial delegates in NYC in October 1765 to protest the Stamp Act

question

Sons and Daughters of Liberty

answer

Men and women from middle and lower-class backgrounds used violence to denounce the Stamp Act; started by Sam Adams, Patrick Henry, and James Otis

question

Declaratory Act (1766)

answer

an act passed by the House of Commons that trumpeted the defense of Parliament's supremacy over the Americans \"in all cases whatsoever\" to not seem weak by repealing the Stamp Act

question

Townshend Acts (1767)

answer

a tax on paint, glass, tea, and lead created by Charles Townshend, the chancellor of the exchequer; creates massive anger in the colonies, ultimately leads to the Boston Massacre

question

Writs of assistance

answer

part of the Townshend Acts; legal document issued by Britain that enabled officers to search homes and warehouses for smuggled goods

question

Salutary neglect

answer

a hands-off policy of e=England towards its American colonies during the first half of the 1700s under the reigns of King George I and II; would be put to an end by King George III

question

John Dickinson

answer

author of the book Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer

question

Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer

answer

written by John Dickinson, which damns the Townshend Acts

question

Samuel Adams

answer

founder of the Sons of Liberty and one of the most vocal patriots for independence; signed the Declaration of Independence

question

James Otis

answer

a colonial lawyer who defended colonial merchants who were accused of smuggling; argued against the writs of assistance and the Stamp Act.

question

Massachusetts Circular Letter

answer

written by Samuel Adams, urging the colonies to unite against the Townshend Acts and follow a statute of non-importation

question

Lord Frederick North

answer

Prime Minister of England who repealed the Townshend Acts, yet reacted harshly to American Resistance; was known as a \"yes man\" to George III

question

Boston Massacre (1770)

answer

a violent confrontation between British troops and a Boston mob on March 5, 1770 in which 5 citizens were killed when the troops fired into the crowd; inflamed anti-British feelings

question

Crispus Attucks

answer

First man killed in the Boston Massacre

question

Committees of Correspondence

answer

vast communication network formed in Massachusetts and other colonies to communicate grievances and provide colonists with evidence of British oppression

question

Gaspee incident

answer

The British customs ship ran aground off the coast of Massachusetts, where colonists dressed up as Indians and burned the ship in protest of the

question

Tea Act (1773)

answer

Gave the East India Tea Company monopoly in the colonies over all tea sold; lowered the price of imported tea, and led to the Boston Tea Party

question

King George III

answer

King of England who is ultimately responsible for the American Revolution through his inadequacies

question

Whigs

answer

a political faction of Parliament that opposed royal influence in government and wanted to increase the reach of Parliament

question

Parliament

answer

the lawmaking branch of Great Britain; responsible for passing all acts against the American colonies and ultimately causing the American Revolution

question

Boston Tea Party (1773)

answer

demonstration by the Sons of Liberty who (disguised as Indians) raided three British ships in the Boston harbor and dumped £10,000 worth of tea into the sea in protest of the Tea Act

question

Intolerable Acts

answer

another name for the Coercive Acts

question

Coercive Acts (1774)

answer

the four pieces of legislation passed by Parliament in response to the Boston Tea Party meant to punish the colonies; include the Boston Port Bill, Massachusetts Government Act, Administration of Justice Act, Quartering Act; known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts

question

Nonimportation

answer

a policy adapted by American merchants which pledged not to import or use goods from Great Britain

question

Port Bill

answer

Part of the Coercive Acts; closed the Boston Port until the 10,000 pounds lost in the Boston Tea Party was paid back in full

question

Massachusetts Government Act

answer

part of the Coercive Acts; stated that members of the Massachusetts Assembly would be appointed by the king; gave British officials more authority

question

Administration of Justice Act

answer

part of the Coercive Acts; stated that any British official accused of committing a crime in the colonies had the option of being tried in England; irritated American lawyers

question

Quebec Act (1774)

answer

part of the Coercive Acts; allowed the French to move into territory the American colonists were previously not allowed to go; enraged the colonists

question

Enlightenment

answer

philosophical and intellectual movement that began in Europe during the 18th century; John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were part of it

question

John Locke

answer

English philosopher who advocated the idea of a \"social contract\" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; part of the Enlightenment and a large influence to the Declaration of Independence

question

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

answer

a French man of the Enlightenment who believed that human beings are naturally good and free and can rely on their instincts; government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy

question

First Continental Congress (1774)

answer

Met to determine how to react to the threat to their rights and liberties; conservatives supported the Galloway Plan, the Radicals supported the Suffolk Resolves; ultimately called for stoppage of all trade with England

question

Patrick Henry

answer

outspoken member of House of Burgesses; inspired colonial patriotism with \"give me liberty or give me death\" speech

question

John Adams

answer

Massachusetts attorney and politician who was a strong believer in colonial independence; argued against the Stamp Act and was involved in various patriot groups; as a delegate from Massachusetts, he urged the Second Continental Congress to declare independence.

question

George Washington

answer

military commander of the American Revolution; first president of the United States, who set many precedents for the way government would work

question

John Dickinson

answer

delegate of Pennsylvania, who led a group that favored quick reconciliation with Great Britain as opposed to independence; wrote the Olive Branch Petition and the Articles of Confederation

question

John Jay

answer

United States diplomat and jurist who negotiated peace treaties with Britain and served as the first chief justice of the United States Supreme Court; signed the Treaty of Paris

question

Joseph Galloway

answer

Pennsylvania delegate to first continental congress in 1774 who proposed a plan of union between England and the colonies; forefront leader of the conservative faction

question

Suffolk Resolves

answer

the First Continental Congress endorsed Massachusetts's declaration that the colonies need not obey the 1773 Coercive Acts, since they infringed upon basic liberties; was trumpeted by Samuel Adams

question

Valley Forge

answer

Pennsylvania site of Washington's continental army encampment during the winter of 1777-1778; allowed for Washington to regroup and train his ragtag army

question

Continentals

answer

paper bills issued by the Continental Congress to finance the revolution; supposed to be exchanged for silver but the overprinting of bills made them virtually worthless

question

George Rogers Clark

answer

leader of a small patriot force that captured British-controlled fort Vincennes in the Ohio Valley; secured the Northwest Territory for America

question

Battle of Saratoga

answer

turning point of the American Revolution; convinced the French to give the U.S. military support by showing them that the Americans had the potential to beat their enemy; lifted American spirits, ended the British threat in New England by taking control of the Hudson River

question

Absolute Monarch

answer

ruler with complete control over the government and the lives of the people

question

Battle of Yorktown

answer

last major battle of the Revolution; Cornwallis and his troops were trapped in the Chesapeake Bay, sandwiched between the French navy and the American army. he surrendered October 19, 1781

question

Economic sanctions

answer

boycotts, embargoes, and other economic measures that the colonies used to pressure Britain into changing its policies

question

Declarations of Rights and Grievances

answer

a document created during the Committees of Correspondence of 1765 that petitioned for the repeal of the Stamp Act, for it went beyond controlling colonial trade which was the accepted role of commerce taxation in the colonies

question

Paul Revere

answer

silversmith whose sketch of the Boston Massacre was propaganda for the patriots; \"the British are coming\"

question

William Dawes

answer

one of the leaders of the Sons of Liberty who rode with Paul Revere to Lexington to warn them that the British where coming

question

Minutemen

answer

members of a militia during the American Revolution who could be ready to fight in sixty seconds

question

Lexington

answer

famous for being the site of the opening shots of the first engagement of the American Revolution

question

Concord

answer

the search for weapons by the British turned up nothing; part of the first battle of the American Revolution

question

Battle of Bunker Hill

answer

the first major battle of the American Revolution; showed the strength of both armies

question

Second Continental Congress (1775)

answer

organized the continental army, called on the colonies to send troops, selected George Washington to lead the army, and appointed the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence

question

Treaty of Paris (1783)

answer

September; between America, Great Britain, France and Spain; ended the war and defined the boundaries of America: Canada in the North, Mississippi River to the West, and Florida to the South

question

Declaration of the Causes and Necessities for Taking up Arms

answer

a declaration by the representatives of the United Colonies of North America, setting forth the causes and necessity of their taking up arms; \"our cause is just, our union is perfect\"

question

Olive Branch Petition

answer

Peace petition sent to King George III by the Second Continental Congress professing their loyalty to Great Britain while still asking that he repeal the Coercive Acts

question

Prohibitory Act (1775)

answer

act by Britain that stated all colonists were in a state of rebellion unless they begged otherwise; also launched a form of economic warfare through blockade against the colonies

question

Thomas Paine

answer

revolutionary writer, author of Common Sense; believed in total independence from Britain

question

Common Sense

answer

revolutionary pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1776 calling for independence and a republican government in America

question

Declaration of Independence

answer

the document approved by representatives of the American colonies in 1776 that stated their grievances against the British monarch and declared their independence.

question

Thomas Jefferson

answer

a delegate from Virginia at the Second Continental Congress and writer of the Declaration of Independence; later served as the third President of the United States

question

Patriots

answer

American colonists who were against the oppression of the British crown and fought against them in the American Revolution

question

Mary McCauley (Molly Pitcher)

answer

heroine of the American Revolution who carried water to soldiers during the Battle of Monmouth court house and took over her husband's gun when he was overcome by heat

question

Deborah Sampson

answer

a woman who fought in the American Revolution disguised as a man

STUDY

American Revolution Boston Tea Party First Great Awakening History of the Americas Modern World History World History

U.S History Practice Q’s ✨ – Flashcards 21 terms

Jessica Forbes

21 terms

Preview

U.S History Practice Q’s ✨ – Flashcards

question

1. What effect did the enlightenment have on political thought in the colonies?

answer

D. colonist began to question the authority of the British monarchy.

question

2. The Declaration of Independence elaborates on the enlightenment idea of

answer

A. natural rights

question

3. Which of the following belongs in the empty box above?

answer

B. The great compromise

question

4. The idea included in the excerpt from the Declaration of Independence can be attributed to

answer

A. John Locke

question

5. Key decisions of the Supreme Court under the leadership of John Marshall solidified the power of the Supreme Court to

answer

D. review the constitutionality of state and federal laws

question

6. The acquisition of an American overseas empire during the late 1890s created legal controversies concerning the

answer

C. constitutional rights of the inhabitants of the new American territories

question

7. During the late 19th century, the above sequence of events resulted in the

answer

A. disfranchisement of most African Americans in the south

question

8. Which shaded area on the map was least industrialized in the second half of the 1800s ?

answer

D. area D

question

9. The railroad Building boom during the nineteenth century contributed to

answer

D. the rapid industrialization of the United States

question

10. The first great awakening of the 1730s and 1740s was primarily a

answer

B. revival of evangelical religion that spread through the colonies

question

11. What would be considered a significant social effect of the First Great Awakening?

answer

D. the colonists began to challenge the hierarchical structure of existing religious denominations

question

12. Lord Baltimore established the Maryland colony in response to

answer

D. discrimination against Roman Catholics in England.

question

13. The primary religious of the 1960 presidential election in the United Stated was

answer

A. the catholic faith of John F. Kennedy

question

14. Growing anti-Catholic sentiment in the United States during the first half of the twentieth century was related to

answer

A. increasing immigration from southern and Eastern Europe.

question

15. Which religious group has had the greatest increase in membership die to the increasing immigration from Latin American countries to the United States over the last fifty years?

answer

B. Catholics

question

16. The first amendment to the I.S Constitution prohibiting the federal government from making any law "respecting an establishment of religion," was one response to the

answer

C. religious persecution exhibited by the Church of England

question

17. Which of the following was an effect of the publication of upton sinclair's the jungle (1906) ?

answer

C. in influenced the passage of the meat inspection act

question

18. The Americanization movement of the early twentieth century sought to

answer

A. assimilate ethnic immigrant groups into the dominant culture

question

19. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, urban immigrants generally supported local political machines that

answer

C. provided essential service to the immigrants

question

20. The muckraking journalists associated with the progressive Era were known primarily for their

answer

A. willingness to expose the corruption of U.S society

question

21. Fords production of model t's in the early 20th century demonstrated the economic relationship between specialization and

answer

B. greater efficiencies in production

STUDY

AP United States History Boston Tea Party British North America French West Indies History of the Americas Stamp Act Congress

American History Chapter 5 – Flashcards 53 terms

James Hopper

53 terms

Preview

American History Chapter 5 – Flashcards

question

When colonists insisted that because they were not represented in Parliament they could not be taxed by the British government, the British replied that they were represented by

answer

virtual representation.

question

Which of the following was not a feature of the Stamp Act crisis of 1765

answer

The Stamp Act was passed by the Stamp Act Congress as a way to subvert the power of Parliament to tax the colonies.

question

The Daughters of Liberty were

answer

women who spun and wove cloth during the 1768 Townshend Duties boycott

question

The tactics of American resistance to British colonial policy from the mid-1760s through the mid-1770s included

answer

all of the above.

question

Which of the following was not a feature of the 1774 Intolerable Acts

answer

the repression of Catholicism in the colonies

question

Who engraved the image of the Boston Massacre that became one of the most influential pieces of political propaganda of the Revolutionary Era

answer

Paul Revere

question

What did the 1766 Declaratory Act declare

answer

that Parliament had the power to pass laws for the colonies "in all cases whatever"

question

Which was not a consequence of the 1765 Stamp Act

answer

c. Postal service was restricted to only those willing to obey the law.

question

Who was not a member of the American delegation that negotiated the Treaty of Paris

answer

Samuel Adams

question

Committees of Correspondence in the colonies during the 1760s

answer

were a group of colonial elites who exchanged ideas and information about resistance to the Sugar, Currency, and Stamp Acts.

question

Which of the following was not a source of misgivings in the colonies over the prospect of a complete break with Britain

answer

fear that England's withdrawal from North America would leave the former colonies open to frontier conflict with the Spanish

question

What two European powers allied with the Americans in the War for Independence

answer

France and Spain

question

Who won the Revolutionary War

answer

Americans

question

Which of the "founding fathers" argued that Parliament had no right to authorize the Writs of Assistance to combat smuggling

answer

James Otis

question

Who was appointed the military commander of the army during the Second Continental Congress

answer

George Washington

question

The Declaration of Independence

answer

declared the United States independent of British rule.

question

What did the Sugar Act of 1764 do that so vexed the colonists due to the already existing tax on molasses imported from the French West Indies

answer

It decreased it.

question

The idea that the United States has a special mission to serve as a symbol of freedom, a refuge from tyranny, and a model for the world is called by historians

answer

American exceptionalism.

question

answer

These restrictions were called. Coercive or Intolerable Acts.

question

Which of the following does not help explain the electrifying impact of Thomas Paine's Common Sense

answer

an insistence that America stood ready to supplant Britain as the world's supreme imperial power

question

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence

answer

Boston Tea Party; Olive Branch Petition; publication of Common Sense; Declaration of Independence

question

The Carolina "Regulators" of the mid-1760s were

answer

a group of wealthy residents of the backcountry who protested the lack of courts and lack of representation in the colonial governance.

question

Thomas Paine's January 1776 pamphlet Common Sense argued all of the following except

answer

It was common sense that in the struggle for independence, the slaves to whom Lord Dunmore offered freedom ought to be freed.

question

In the 1760s, "liberty" became the foremost slogan of colonial resistance

answer

True

question

Urban merchants had particular reservations about colonial boycotts of British goods

answer

True

question

Opposition to the Stamp Act was the first great drama of the revolutionary era

answer

True

question

answer

True

question

The Tea Act raised the price of British tea in the colonies

answer

False

question

"Liberty" was the foremost popular rallying cry in the Age of Revolution that began in British North America and spread to Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean

answer

True

question

During the Revolution, the British took great care not to disrupt the lives of American civilians

answer

False

question

By the time of the Stamp Act crisis, "natural rights" had eclipsed the "rights of freeborn Englishmen" in the language of colonial protest

answer

False

question

More Americans than Frenchmen participated in George Washington's decisive victory at Yorktown

answer

False

question

As tensions between Britain and the colonies mounted, social conflict within the colonies faded

answer

False

question

The American Declaration of Independence has been an inspirational political document for peoples around the world

answer

True

question

By substituting "pursuit of happiness" for "property," Jefferson's Declaration of Independence significantly broadened the American conception of freedom

answer

True

question

Some slaves gained their freedom by serving as soldiers during the Revolution

answer

True

question

answer

True

question

The first battle of the war was very successful for George Washington

answer

False

question

The Stamp Act crisis was, in part, a battle to define and extend liberty in colonial America

answer

True

question

Declaratory Act

answer

Great Britain is allowed to do whatever they want to the colonies

question

Sugar Act

answer

reduced molasses tax

question

Revenue Act

answer

Put wool and hides on the enumerated lists

question

Currency Act

answer

Colonial assemblies could not issue paper money to pay off debt

question

Tea Act

answer

a tax on cheap, imported tea

question

Intolerable Acts

answer

Closed the ports in Boston, only government allowed was parliament, allowed militia to be lodged in colonists' homes without consent

question

Quebec Act

answer

the extension of the southern boundary of Canada

question

Stamp Act

answer

A direct tax on the colonists for everything that they buy

question

What document was signed that nationally recognized America's independence

answer

Treaty of Paris

question

What general surrendered at Yorktown

answer

George Cornwallis

question

What major military commander defected against the American cause

answer

Benedict Arnold

question

What were the defining principles of the Declaration of Independence?

answer

National sovereignty; Human Equality; Natural Rights; Government by consent of governed; Right of revolution; From Property to happiness

question

What was the global implications of the American Revolution?

answer

American as a beacon of universal freedom

question

What were the British Advantages during the Revolution? The American Advantages?

answer

British: Military Superiority, Division among Americans - American: Military Experience, Home turf, Passion for independence, Limits of British resolve, Popular resentment against Redcoats, Aid from Britain's rivals

STUDY

American Revolution Boston Tea Party French And Indian War History of the Americas King George Iii

Notes for The 8th Grade Social Studies Staar Test – Flashcards 39 terms

Bernice Cooper

39 terms

Preview

Notes for The 8th Grade Social Studies Staar Test – Flashcards

question

French and Indian War

answer

left Britain with huge debt and the desire to avoid future costly conflicts

question

Proclamation of 1763

answer

law prohibited settlement west of Appalachian Mountains crest

question

mercantilism

answer

trade practice whereby colonies enrich mother country by supplying raw materials and purchasing finished goods

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Stamp Act

answer

tax on legal documents and other printed papers

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"no taxation without representation"

answer

colonists argued the taxes were unconstitutional

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boycotts

answer

colonists refused to buy British goods

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Stamp Act riots

answer

civil disobedience harassment of tax collectors

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Intolerable Acts

answer

punished Massachusetts for Boston Tea Party

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Quartering Act

answer

required colonists to house British soldiers

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King George III

answer

King of Britain; his policies angered patriots

question

patriots

answer

colonists who supported independence and Continental Army

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loyalists

answer

colonists who supported independence and Continental Army supported loyalists

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William Blackstone

answer

English lawyer

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Crispus Attucks

answer

died at Boston Massacre

question

Samuel Adams

answer

advocated independence and resistance

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Abigail Adams

answer

advised John Adams and ran family farm

question

John Adams

answer

advocated independence; Continental Congress delegate

question

Patrick Henry

answer

Proclaimed, "Give Me Liberty, Or Give Me Death"

question

Wentworth Cheswell

answer

rode all night to warn of British invasion

question

George Washington

answer

Continental Army commander and skilled leader; retreated when necessary; led surprise attacks

question

John Paul Jones

answer

declared in naval battle," I have not yet begun to fight!" Skilled Leader in Continental navy

question

Mercy Otis Warren

answer

wrote anti-British and anti-loyalist plays

question

James Armistead

answer

spied on British, posing as runaway black slave

question

Thomas Paine

answer

wrote Common Sense, convincing many ordinary colonists to support independence from Britain

question

Thomas Jefferson

answer

wrote majority of Declaration of Independence

question

Benjamin Franklin

answer

secured French aid; advocated colonial unity

question

Bernardo do Galvez

answer

shipped supplies to Americans; led Spanish troops to defeat British and deny southern port

question

Haum Salomon

answer

helped finance war effort, broker

question

1776

answer

colonies adopted Declaration of Independence

question

Declaration of Independence

answer

separation from Britain

question

unalienable rights

answer

God given like Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Happiness

question

Battles of Lexington

answer

first battles small colonial victories

question

Battle of Saratoga

answer

Continental Army victory (turning point)

question

Enduring the Winter at Valley Fore Pennsylvania

answer

thousands of Washington's troops died this winter

question

Battle of Yorktown

answer

British surrender to Washington

question

Treaty of Paris 1783

answer

officially ended war, defined u.s borders

question

Articles of Confederation

answer

created U.S. government with limited powers

question

strengths

answer

foreign treaties;national army;navy;westward expansion

question

weaknesses

answer

could not tax, regulate commerce, or revise Articles without agreement of all thirteen states; no executive or judicial branches

STUDY

Boston Tea Party Full Faith And Credit New Jersey Plan Northwest Ordinance Of 1787

POL SCI: American Government Flashcards 229 terms

Patricia Smith

229 terms

Preview

POL SCI: American Government Flashcards

question

1.1. According to Benjamin Franklin, popular governments are extremely difficult to \"keep\" because?

answer

People have to be vigilant and active if they are to maintain control.

question

1.2. Occupy Wall Street demonstrations essentially?

answer

Warned that the people were losing control.

question

1.3. Which of the following is NOT true about the system of checks and balances?

answer

a. Presidents can veto legislation. c. Congress can impeach the president. d. The Supreme Court can declare acts of Congress or the president to be unconstitutional are all true. B. The Presidents can force Congress to adjourn is NOT true.

question

1.4. Pluralism, elite theory, and social movement theory essentially answer the question of?

answer

Where power really lies in American politics.

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1.5. According to elite theory, what is the source of influence?

answer

Status based on leading positions in society.

question

1.6. Under pluralism, what is the source of influence?

answer

A group's organization, resources & connections.

question

1.7. Social movement theory emphasizes the power of?

answer

Popular uprisings/movements.

question

1.8. The text describes all of the following as powerful ideas that shape American politics EXCEPT

answer

a. democracy. b. individualism. c. American dream are all true. D. Catholicism is NOT true.

question

1.9. Ultimately, the struggle for power between the elite few and the democratic many goes back to which of our questions?

answer

Who governs?

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1.10. Congress, the president, the Supreme Court, and the Department of Homeland Security are all institutions that shape?

answer

a. power. b. ideas. c. politics. D. all of the above are true.

question

1.11. In the story of Marla Ruzicka, one of the first American civilians to arrive in Iraq after the United States toppled Saddam Hussein in 2003, we learned that?

answer

a. individuals with a passion for political change can make a difference in politics. And c. she established a public service organization in Iraq that she called the Campaign for Innocent Victims in Conflict, or CIVIC are both true. b. Marla's efforts in Iraq went unnoticed is NOT true. D. both a and c are true is the correct answer.

question

1.12. Compared to previous generations, millennials?

answer

Page 21 Compared to previous generations, millennials show less interest in government service, trust national leaders less and follow political news at a lower rate.

question

1.13. Mastering how the four I's; ideas, institutions, interests, and individuals are what shape politics which also requires an understanding of?

answer

History

question

1.14. Which of the following is NOT one of the four central questions the authors use throughout this book to help make sense of American politics and government?

answer

a. page 5 Who governs? b. page 8 How does American politics work? c. page 13 What does government do? D. What controls the society? is NOT a reoccurring theme.

question

1.15. The principle that each branch of government has the authority to block the others, making it more difficult for any 1 branch to exercise too much power, is known as?

answer

Checks and balances

question

1.16. The framers of the Constitution created the ________ as an intermediate body to elect the president.

answer

Electoral College

question

1.17. The organizations, norms, and rules that structure political action are known as?

answer

Institutions

question

1.18. The role of citizens is limited to choosing among competing leaders in the __________ theory of democracy.

answer

elite

question

1.19. The key concept of the pluralist theory of democracy is?

answer

groups

question

1.20. What is the term for a network of influence and money flowing between defense contractors, military figures in the Pentagon, and defense policy officials in Congress and the White House?

answer

Military-industrial complex

question

1.21. What is Occupy Wall Street?

answer

a. the name given to a protest movement that began on September 17, 2011 b. a movement maintaining that the very wealthy—the top 1%—have stripped the people of money and influence c. a movement that addresses the growing income inequality and uneven wealth distribution in the United States D. all of the above

question

1.22. What is the informal name for president-appointed positions, usually to lead a special project like the White House \"war on drugs\"?

answer

Presidential czars

question

1.23. What is the name for a corrupt party that often ran a city or state government in the nineteenth-century United States?

answer

Political machine

question

1.24. What is the term for an approach to political behavior that views individuals as rational, decisive actors who know their political interests and seek to act on them?

answer

Rational-choice theory

question

1.25. Public-private partnerships have?

answer

a. improved many aspects of society. b. joined private actors like business firms with government officials. c. made different sectors come together to undertake projects. D. all of the above

question

1.26. The system of government that rests ultimate governing power in its people, who may rule directly or via representatives, is called?

answer

Republic

question

1.27. The theory that says that mass popular uprisings have the potential to introduce great changes regardless of who is in control of ordinary, day-to-day politics is known as?

answer

Social movement theory

question

1.28. What is the name for the national social movement, primarily attracting fiscal and social conservatives, that sought to limit government spending and cut taxes?

answer

Tea Party

question

2.1. The politics of American exceptionalism is guided, in large part, by seven key ideas. They include all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

a. self-rule b. individualism c. limited government D. agreement on what they mean7: freedom, self-rule, limited government, individualism, the American dream, equality and religion.

question

2.2. Negative liberty is?

answer

Freedom from constraints or the interference of others.

question

2.3. In 1944 President Roosevelt proclaimed the four freedoms. Of these, the first two: freedom of speech and religion—are types of?

answer

Negative liberty

question

2.4. Liberty?

answer

a. has grown with time. b. reflects the American ideal. c. is a constant battle that can always go either way. D. all of the above

question

2.5. Countries in which the public makes decisions without relying on elected officials, through referendums and petitions, are examples of?

answer

Democratic ideas

question

2.6. What is the main difference between a republic and a democracy?

answer

In a democracy, people vote directly, and in a republic, people rule indirectly through their elected representatives.

question

2.7. What is the paradox lying at the heart of the limited-government idea?

answer

People across the political spectrum demand government action.

question

2.8. What idea is exemplified by the statement \"Since the Democrats won the election in 2008, they should put their policies into place?\"

answer

Self rule

question

2.9. Individualism includes all of the following EXCEPT?

answer

a. opposes government controls and believes that private companies should be able to expand B. the belief that social democracies that are based on solidarity c. the belief that people and their families are responsible for their own welfare d. the belief that low taxes and a green light for private entrepreneurs

question

2.10. Challenges to the American dream include debates on?

answer

a. whether the system is tilted toward the wealthy. c. promoting the wrong values. D. both a and c are true. b. whether the two political parties agree on America's political culture is not true.

question

2.11. All of the following are true EXCEPT?

answer

a. In 1965, the median American chief executive officer (CEO) made 26 times more than a typical worker. b. In contemporary United States, the CEO makes between 300 and 500 times the average employee. c. In western Europe, high taxes make it more difficult to grow very wealthy (or very poor). D. American society has become far more equal than nations like Japan, Sweden, or even Pakistan is not true.

question

2.12. The United States aims for equal?

answer

Opportunity

question

2.13. In contrast to the United States, citizens in advanced countries, from Britain and France to Japan and South Korea, tell pollsters that?

answer

God is not very important in their lives.

question

2.14. Why did the framers add a Bill of Rights to the Constitution?

answer

a. because of their abiding faith in individualism b. because of the old American fear of too much government c. because of the American dream's gospel of success D. all of the above

question

2.15. The belief that the rules and organizations built into the government would shape popular behavior was held by?

answer

James Madison

question

2.16. The view that the United States is unique, marked by a distinct set of ideas such as equality, self-rule, and limited government, is known as?

answer

American exceptionalism

question

2.17. Which term means \"the ability to pursue one's own desires without interference from others\"?

answer

Freedom

question

2.18. Which term means \"the freedom and ability to pursue one's goals\"?

answer

Positive Liberty

question

2.19. Which term refers to a government in which citizens rule indirectly and make government decisions through their elected representatives?

answer

Republic

question

2.20. What is a process in which citizens propose new laws or amendments to the state constitution?

answer

Initiative

question

2.21. What are laws that permit the public to watch policy makers in action or access the records of the proceedings?

answer

Sunshine laws

question

2.22. What is the name for Americans who believe in reduced government spending, personal responsibility, traditional moral values, and a strong national defense?

answer

Also known as \"right\" or \"right wing.\" Conservatives

question

2.23. What is the name for Americans who value cultural diversity, government programs for the needy, public intervention in the economy, and individuals' right to a lifestyle based on their own social and moral positions?

answer

Also known as \"left\" or \"left wing.\" Liberals

question

2.24. What is the name for Americans who believe in minimal government—small army, no social programs, no social or moral legislation?

answer

Libertarians

question

2.25. The idea that individuals, not the society, are responsible for their own well-being is called?

answer

Individualism

question

2.26. Which term refers to a government whose citizens are responsible for one another's well-being and use government policy to assure that all are comfortably cared for?

answer

Social democracy

question

2.27. Political equality is a situation in which?

answer

Every citizen has the same political rights and opportunities.

question

2.28. What is a statistical term for the number in the middle or the case that has an equal number of examples above or below it?

answer

Median

question

2.29. What is the idea that every American has an equal chance to win economic success?

answer

Equal opportunity

question

2.30. The orientation of citizens of a state toward politics is?

answer

Political culture

question

3.1. Why did the Americans suddenly revolt against England?

answer

The English had run up a crushing debt during the ten years of war and decided the colonists should help pay it.

question

3.2. The British did not agree with the colonial view of delegate representation because

answer

The English did not change their election districts every time the population shifted.

question

3.3. All of the following contributed to the conflict between the British and the Americans? EXCEPT

answer

a. the Proclamation of 1763. b. the Quartering Act (1765). c. the mercantile trade policies of Britain. D. Native American's rights to the land as denied by the British.

question

3.4. The Boston Tea Party is a reference to?

answer

The colonists denying Parliament's right to tax or regulate them without the approval of their elected legislatures.

question

3.5. The Declaration of Independence derives its ideas from which Scottish political theorist, who wrote Two Treatises on Government?

answer

John Locke

question

3.6. Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress could do all of the following EXCEPT

answer

a. resolve disputes between states. b. handle foreign affairs and negotiate treaties. c. coin money. D. collect taxes.

question

3.7. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

answer

a. established a process through which individuals could buy western lands. b. established a mechanism for eastern expansion and political development. c. stopped the squabbling among states claiming western land. D. both a and c

question

3.8. Which of the following was NOT one of the four major problems with the new American government?

answer

a. Congress could not raise taxes and had no money of its own. b. Requiring unanimity was easy and made it possible to amend the Articles. c. The state governments were dominated by their legislatures without any checks and balances. D. The strong national government had a difficult time standing up to foreign powers.

question

3.9. Shays's Rebellion demonstrated?

answer

The frustration of debtors in the wake of the Revolutionary War.

question

3.10. Which of the following is NOT true about filtration, or indirect elections?

answer

A. Delegates made the public more involved in government, not true \"less\" page 79. b. The public voted for men (and later women) who would, in turn, vote for public officials page 79. c. Citizens won more control over electing presidents page 80. d. The debate over direct democracy and indirect representation continues to this day page 80.

question

3.11. The most intense debate at the Constitutional Convention revolved around?

answer

How to apportion power in the national government.

question

3.12. A person contracted to work for a fixed period (usually 3-7 years) in exchange for food, shelter, and transportation to the New World is called?

answer

Indentured servant

question

3.13. What term do political theorists use when people elect their own representatives and expect them to respond to their desires and demands?

answer

Delegate representation

question

3.14. What is the economic theory in which government controls foreign trade in order to maintain prosperity and security?

answer

Mercantilism

question

3.15. The First Continental Congress was held in?

answer

1774

question

3.16. What was the name of the convention of delegates from 13 colonies that became the acting national government for the duration of the Revolutionary War?

answer

Second Continental Congress

question

3.17. What is the term for an amount higher than a simple majority, required in some cases for a proposal to win?

answer

Supermajority

question

3.18. The big states' plan intended to make the national government dominant over state governments was known as the?

answer

Virginia plan

question

3.19. Power divided between national and state government is called?

answer

Federalism

question

3.20. What is the principle that each branch of government has the authority to block and to influence the other branches?

answer

Checks and balances

question

3.21. Classical republicanism?

answer

a. is the democratic ideal rooted in ancient Greece. b. requires citizens to participate directly in public affairs. c. seeks the public interest and shuns private gains. D. all of the above

question

3.22. The first ten amendments to the Constitution, listing the rights guaranteed to every citizen, are known as?

answer

The Bill of Rights

question

3.23. The process by which the Supreme Court declares that a right in the Bill of Rights also applies to state governments is known as?

answer

Incorporation

question

3.24. What does originalism refer to?

answer

A principle of interpretation that always tries to discern the original meaning of those who wrote the Constitution.

question

3.25. What is the term for a principle of interpretation based on the idea that the Constitution evolves and that it must be put in the context of contemporary realities?

answer

Pragmatism

question

3.26. On July 4, 1776, the Congress voted to adopt a Declaration of Independence that includes all of the following ideals EXCEPT which one?

answer

a. People are endowed with rights that cannot be taken away. b. Rights include life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. c. People form governments to protect those rights. D. Governments derive their just powers from God.

question

4.1. Immigration enforcement is a_________responsibility.

answer

national

question

4.2. Most nations in the 1780s had?

answer

Unitary governments

question

4.3. Some states grant local governments broad powers, known as?

answer

Home rule

question

4.4. Federalism's advantages include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

B. coordination among federal, state, and local agencies. The following were the advantages. a. protection of individual rights. c. protection against dangerous leaders. d. multiple sources of innovation.

question

4.5. Critics of federalism fear that competition between states and localities leads to a?

answer

Race to the bottom

question

4.6. Article 1, section 8, lists nineteen powers of the federal government which aka express, enumerated or granted powers, including all EXCEPT

answer

A. regulating commerce within states. b. raising an army. c. punishing pirates. d. establishing a post office.

question

4.7. Which of the following does the Obama administration's legal challenge to the Arizona immigration law demonstrate?

answer

Supremacy clause

question

4.8. The states' reserved powers include all EXCEPT

answer

a. public education. b. public health. C. interstate commerce. d. organizing state elections.

question

4.9. The part of the Constitution that directs each state to give full faith and credit to the actions of other states is controversial because?

answer

States disagree with policies enacted by others.

question

4.10. Cooperative federalism, characterized by blurred lines of authority and a much more active national government, took place under which president?

answer

Franklin Roosevelt

question

4.11. Ronald Reagan's presidency (1981-1989) ushered in another significant change in American federalism, termed as?

answer

New Federalism; conservatives tipped the power away from national officials to give the states more decision making authority.

question

4.12. Officials at different levels of government often?

answer

Strongly disagree about what counts as an unfunded mandate.

question

4.13. McCulloch v. Maryland, decided in 1819?

answer

Marks a victory for national power

question

4.14. A national polity governed as a single unit, with the central government exercising all or most political authority, is known as a?

answer

Unitary government

question

4.15. A group of independent states or nations that yield some of their powers to a national government, although each state retains a degree of sovereign authority, is known as?

answer

Confederation

question

4.16. Governmental arrangement where power is shared among different levels—nation, states, counties, and local city/town governments—is found in?

answer

The United States

question

4.17. Spreading of policy ideas from one city or state to others, a process typical of US federalism, is called?

answer

Diffusion

question

4.18. National government powers set out explicitly in the Constitution are known as?

answer

Granted powers

question

4.19. The necessary and proper clause?

answer

a. defines Congress constitutional authority in article 1, section 8. b. authorizes Congress to exercise the necessary and proper powers to carry out its designated functions. c. is also called the elastic clause. D. all of the above

question

4.20. The constitutional declaration in article 6, section 2 that the national government's authority prevails over any conflicting state or local government's claims is called?

answer

The supremacy clause

question

4.21. What is the name for the constitutional guarantee in the 10th Amendment that the states retain government authority not explicitly granted to the national government?

answer

Reserved powers

question

4.22. What is the name for the constitutional requirement (in article 4, section 1) that each state recognize and uphold laws passed by any other state?

answer

Full faith and credit clause

question

4.23. What is the name for governmental authority shared jointly by national and state governments, such as the power to tax residents?

answer

Concurrent powers

question

4.24. Dual or layer cake federalism refers to?

answer

A clear division of governing authority between national and state governments.

question

4.25. National government funding provided to state/local governments, along with specific instructions about how the funds may be used, are?

answer

Grant-in-aids

question

4.26. Transferring authority from national to state or local government levels is called?

answer

Devolution

question

4.27. What is the term for obligation imposed on state or local government officials by federal legislation, without sufficient federal funding support to cover the costs?

answer

Unfunded mandate

question

4.28. What is the critical term applied to government's inability to advance policy solutions because of clashes among different branches or between national and state officials?

answer

Gridlock

question

13.1. The first woman Speaker in American history is?

answer

Nancy Pelosi

question

13.2. Differences in the 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA), popularly known as \"Obamacare,\" were ironed out in the?

answer

Conference committee

question

13.3. Each woman and man in the Senate possesses a remarkable degree of autonomy, especially compared to the average House member, because?

answer

Anyone in the Senate can place a legislative hold on a bill.

question

13.4. Congressional powers, as granted under the Constitution?

answer

Are extensive and very clearly defined.

question

13.5. What does substantive representation of the Congress refer to?

answer

Sharing the same views about the political issues as the constituent.

question

13.6. Today, when the 113th Congress is made up of different genders, ethnicities, religions, and professions, we say the representation is?

answer

Descriptive

question

13.7. The United States appears around the middle with respect to the proportion of women in legislative bodies around the world because?

answer

a. some nations require a certain percentage of women in their legislature. b. there is little respect for women in America. c. it is easier for women to be in legislature in the parliamentary system of government. D. both a and c

question

13.8. When the representatives use their best judgment as they sit in the House or Senate, with considerably more information than their constituents, it is known as the __________ view of representation.

answer

trustee

question

13.9. The highest priority for members of the Congress is?

answer

Focusing intensely on re-election

question

13.10. As of 2012, the current rate of pay for congressional members is?

answer

$174,000

question

13.11. Which of the following is NOT a Capitol Hill buzzword?

answer

a. Christmas tree-Bill packed with benefits for constituents b. medagogue-Loud member spotlighter: medicare, insurance 65> C. King of the Hill d. school-lunch-embarrass majority party by denouncing budget cuts

question

13.12. \"Whales\" in the Congress is a reference to?

answer

a. those who could enact landmark legislation. b. chairs of important committees. c. dutiful followers of others in the House. D. both a and b

question

13.13. Pick the INCORRECT statement:

answer

a. The framers built rough equality of power across House and Senate into their original constitutional design. b. The equality of House and Senate can lead to competition and conflict across the two chambers. c. The equality of House and Senate makes the path to legislation more difficult. D. Advocates of stability appreciate the responsive House; populists embrace the more deliberate Senate.

question

13.14. The inability of Congress to advance major items in a timely fashion (or at all)—also termed \"policy stalemate\" —is known as?

answer

Gridlock

question

13.15. What is a group of House or Senate members that convenes regularly to discuss common interests?

answer

Congressional caucus

question

13.16. What rule, unique to the US Senate, allows any senator to hold the floor—and thereby delay an unwanted bill or other measure?

answer

Filibuster

question

13.17. A temporary collection of House and Senate members, appointed to work out a compromise, is known as a?

answer

Conference committee

question

13.18. The only legislative branch of a state government that is unicameral is in?

answer

Nebraska

question

13.19. Constitutional powers of Congress include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

a. raising revenue through taxes and international borrowing. b. regulating trade and commerce among the American states and with other countries. c. declaring war. D. preparing the budget of the United States.

question

13.20. What is an informal way a senator objects to a bill or measure reaching the Senate floor?

answer

Legislative hold

question

13.21. America's Congress is bicameral; the House has _____ members, while the Senate has ______ members.

answer

House of Representatives 435; Senat 100 (1D/1R per state)

question

13.22. House members are elected for _____ years; Senate members are elected for ____ years.

answer

House of Representatives are elected every 2 years. Senate members are elected every 6 years

question

13.23. What is the term for a House district with electoral lines drawn to maximize the proportion of black or Latino voters, who tend to elect members of similar backgrounds?

answer

Majority-minority district

question

13.24. What is the term for a reorganization of the boundaries of House districts, a process that follows the results of the US census, taken every 10 years?

answer

Reapportionment

question

13.25. The president pro tempore is?

answer

The majority-party senator with the longest Senate service

question

13.26. The primary means by which committees collect and analyze information as legislative policy making gets under way is?

answer

The committee hearing

question

13.27. Gathering of a full committee to draft the final version of a bill before the committee votes on it is called?

answer

The committee markup session

question

13.28. The Senate's only approved method for halting a filibuster or lifting a legislative hold is?

answer

The Cloture

question

13.29. What is the name of the congressional vote in which the presiding officer asks those for and against to say \"Yea\" or \"Nay,\" respectively, and announces the result?

answer

Voice vote

question

14.1. The longest presidency was held by?

answer

Franklin Roosevelt

question

14.2. What is one reason the presidency is so fluid?

answer

Article 2 says very little about who the president is and what the president does

question

14.3. Which of the following is NOT one of the president's expressed powers?

answer

a. the power to make treaties b. the power to act as commander in chief of the army, navy, and state militias C. the power to declare war d. the power to grant pardons and reprieves for offenses against the United States

question

14.4. What power have US presidents never been denied?

answer

The power to select Supreme Court justices and other officers.

question

14.5. All of the following presidents displayed imperial traits EXCEPT

answer

a. Lyndon Johnson. b. Richard Nixon. c. George W. Bush. D. Bill Clinton.

question

14.6. A president trying to broker peace in the Middle East is acting in the role of?

answer

Top diplomat

question

14.7. In an effort to regain some of its authority, Congress?

answer

Passed the War Powers Act in 1973

question

14.8. In the role of first legislator, presidents?

answer

Define the legislative agenda long before they arrive in office

question

14.9. A presidential \"batting average\" refers to?

answer

A president's legislative success

question

14.10. Which president used \"signing statements\" to challenge, limit, or reject an estimated 1,200 sections of congressional bills—roughly twice as many challenges as all previous presidents combined?

answer

George W. Bush

question

14.11. Ronald Reagan's presidency (1981-1989) ushered in another significant change in American federalism, termed?

answer

New Federalism

question

14.12. Today, presidents \"go public\"?

answer

Primarily through the media

question

14.13. Which of the following is NOT true with respect to approval ratings?

answer

a. Presidents start with high approval scores, usually above 60%. b. A slow decline typically bottoms out midway through the second year. c. There is typically a gradual ascent and peak toward the end of the fourth year. D. They always rise above 50% in time for reelection.

question

14.14. According to the best-known model of the personal presidency, those who have high self-esteem and adapt well to changing circumstances are?

answer

Active-Positives

question

14.15. Active-Negatives seek power and ambition and have a troubled presidency because they find it psychologically difficult to admit failure and instead keep pursuing ill-fated policies. Which of the following is an example?

answer

Richard Nixon

question

14.16. What is the name for the system in which Americans elect a president by voting for electors who then choose the president?

answer

Electoral College

question

14.17. Today, the electors of each state cast their votes for?

answer

The candidate who won the state

question

14.18. The presidency was created by article ________ of the US Constitution.

answer

Article 2

question

14.19. Powers the Constitution explicitly grants to the president are?

answer

Expressed powers

question

14.20. What are the powers assumed by the presidents,often during crises, on the basis of the constitutional phrase \"the executive power shall be vested in the president\"?

answer

Inherent powers

question

14.21. The idea that the Constitution puts the president in charge of executing the laws, and therefore no other branch should limit presidential discretion over executive matters, is known as?

answer

Unitary executive theory

question

14.22. When signing bills into law, presidents often make statements that offer the administration's interpretation of the law; these are known as?

answer

Signing statements

question

14.23. Some critics refer to an American presidency that has begun to demonstrate imperial traits—indicating that the republic is slowly morphing into an empire—as a(n) ___________ presidency.

answer

imperial

question

14.24. Presidential roles include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

A. head of the Senate.. b. commander in chief. c. first legislator. d. head bureaucrat.

question

14.25. A unified government is a?

answer

Government in which one party controls the White House and Congress

question

14.26. The presidential power to block an act of Congress by refusing to sign it is called?

answer

Veto power

question

14.27. Top officials in the executive agencies appointed by the president are?

answer

Political appointees

question

14.28. The agencies that help the president manage his daily activities are in the?

answer

Executive Office of the President (EOP)

question

14.29. The OMB's authority to review and \"clear\" (or okay) anything a member of the administration says or does in public is called?

answer

Central clearance

question

14.30. Which First Lady became a one-woman campaign for liberal social policy and a popular symbol of the New Deal?

answer

Eleanor Roosevelt

question

15.1. Which of the following is NOT listed in the chapter as one of the national issues that pushed the US to develop the large bureaucracy we have today?

answer

a. morality. b. economics. c. race. D. income.

question

15.2. Well-specified codes of conduct called Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) fall under which category of the bureaucratic model?

answer

Fixed Routines Hierarchy (chain of command), Divisions of Labor (split the work), Equal Rules for All (opposite of the Spoils System-who you knew), Technical Qualifications (Bureaucracies operate on basis of expertise-job goes to the best qualified)

question

15.3. When an agency sometimes develops routines (SOPs) that favor some constituents over others, it is known as?

answer

Clientelism (ex. Dept of Agriculture send out multiple forms to qualify for loans, they will favor Agr-Corp with book-keepers/secretaries over small family farms where there is little time for 50 page forms.

question

15.4. Democratic dilemma refers to?

answer

a. the generality of the citizens and the expertise of bureaucrats. b. the expertise of the citizens and the generality of bureaucrats. c. because they rely on specialized expertise and information, bureaucracies pose a dilemma for democratic governance. D. all of the above

question

15.5. Who reads the Federal Register?

answer

Any citizen can read it. (Implementation is the last step: the president proposed the law, congress passed it, the courts upheld it and the bureaucratic agency published draft rules, gathered comments and published final rules in the Federal Register)

question

15.6. Today, the concern about iron triangles is fading because?

answer

It is difficult for a small group to quietly dominate the process. (bureaucrats develop close alliances with members of Congress as well as interest group lobbyists. EPA work with green members of Congress and environmental groups/industries affected by regulations; ATF-E work closely with gun makers and members of Congress who care about guns: connections among bureaucrats, members of Congress and the industry become too cozy)

question

15.7. Today, civil servants number approximately?

answer

7 million

question

15.8. The Department of Homeland Security was created in?

answer

2002

question

15.9. Why did President Obama ask the Bush administration's secretary of defense, Robert Gates, to stay on?

answer

He could not afford a slow transition at Defense because he planned to take immediate action

question

15.10. Every president (from both parties) since the _______ has appointed a diverse cabinet that reflects the nation.

answer

1970

question

15.11. The cabinet and other appointed executives provide political ______; the civil servants provide _______.

answer

direction; expertise

question

15.12. The Federal Trade Commission is one of the?

answer

Independent regulatory commissions

question

15.13. In theory, who controls the bureaucracy?

answer

The President

question

15.14. Which of the following is NOT one of the powers through which Congress shapes the bureaucracy?

answer

a. oversight b. authorization c. reorganization D. budgeting

question

15.15. Government jobs given out as political favors are known as?

answer

The Spoils System

question

15.16. The Pendleton Civil Service Act shifted American government toward a(n)?

answer

Merit-based public service

question

15.17. Government by universal rules, impartially applied, is?

answer

Universalistic politics

question

15.18. Bureaucratic pathologies are______________ that tend to develop in bureaucratic systems.

answer

problems

question

15.19. The bureaucratic model has all of the following EXCEPT

answer

a. hierarchy. b. division of labor. c. fixed routines. D. different rules for different people.

question

15.20. What is it called when the agency publishes a draft of the legal rules in the Federal Register and gathers comments from interested parties?

answer

Proposed rule

question

15.21. What is the rule that specifies how a program will actually operate?

answer

Final rule

question

15.22. Who are the top bureaucratic officials appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate?

answer

Political appointees

question

15.23. What is the theory that industries dominate the agencies that regulate them?

answer

Regulatory capture

question

15.24. Private companies that contract to provide goods and services for the government are called?

answer

Private contractors

question

15.25. What is the term for analyses of how policy makers (principals) can control actors who work for them (agents) but have far more information?

answer

Principal agent theory

question

15.26. Street-level bureaucrats are?

answer

Public officials who deal directly with the public

question

15.27. A federal worker who reports corruption or fraud is called a?

answer

Whistleblower

question

15.28. Sunshine laws?

answer

a. require public hearings and citizen input. b. make the executive bureaucracy more transparent. c. open up bureaucratic debates to public view. D. all of the above

question

15.29. What 1966 law facilitates full or partial disclosure of government information and documents?

answer

Freedom of Information Act

question

16.1. The Schiavo case demonstrated that?

answer

a. judicial power is divided across state and federal courts. b. the president gave the final ruling. c. the Supreme Court refused to intervene one last time. D. both a and c

question

16.2. The annual US criminal caseload includes how many cases filed in state courts?

answer

35-40 million

question

16.3. Which country outpaces any other country, with roughly 1.1 million lawyers?

answer

The United States (1 lawyer per 275 citizens) Brazil (1: 326) UK (1:401) Canada (1:450) Germany (1:593) India (1: 1,200) France (1: 1,403) Japan (1: 5,772)

question

16.4. Pick the INCORRECT statement:

answer

a. Traditionally, lawyers and courts enjoyed high prestige. b. The Supreme Court recently received its lowest approval ratings in at least 25 years. C. Law, lawyers, and the legal system all enjoy glowing reputations. d. The judiciary still generally ranks just above the president and towers over Congress.

question

16.5. ____________ constitute something of a \"third judiciary\" alongside state and federal courts.

answer

Specialized courts

question

16.6. The Supreme Court justice appointed by President Obama is?

answer

Sonia Sotomayor

question

16.7. Eleven percent of federal judges are?

answer

African Americans

question

16.8. The breakthrough with judicial review came in the landmark case?

answer

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

question

16.9. When the justices agree to hear a case, the Supreme Court issues a(n)?

answer

Court will issue a \"writ of certiorari\" (opt to hear the case) Amicus curiae (Latin: Friend of the court) is an un-involved party endorsing one side or the other to the Supreme Court (see link) http://www.scotusblog.com/reference/educational-resources/supreme-court-procedure/

question

16.10. In Roe v. Wade, a federal district court dismissed the case because it?

answer

Was moot (irrelevant)

question

16.11. Which of the following is NOT true about Supreme Court clerks?

answer

a. They assist the justices. b. They are recent law school graduates. C. They do not exercise influence on justices. d. They help the justices write opinions and reach decisions.

question

16.12. Four different perspectives that help explain how justices make their decisions include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

a. following precedent. b. ideology. c. institutional protection. D. public opinion.

question

16.13. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) is a landmark case because?

answer

It cemented the infamous doctrine of \"separate but equal\" for nearly 60 years

question

16.14. Roe v. Wade (1973) is a landmark case because?

answer

It struck down a Texas statute outlawing abortion

question

16.15. The courts face four popular criticisms that include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

a. cost. b. bias. c. power. D. term length.

question

16.16. What is the system of federal justices, organized into district courts and circuit courts, who hear appeals from lower courts, culminating in the Supreme Court?

answer

Appellate courts

question

16.17. What is the term for the first level of federal courts, which actually try the cases?

answer

District courts

question

16.18. What is the term for the second stage of federal courts, which review the trial record of cases decided in district court to insure they were settled properly?

answer

Circuit courts

question

16.19. The Court's authority to strike down acts that violate the Constitution is called?

answer

Judicial review

question

16.20. What is the constitutional provision that declares the federal Constitution and statutes the supreme law of the land?

answer

Supremacy clause

question

16.21. What is a vigorous or active approach to reviewing the other branches of government?

answer

Judicial activism

question

16.22. What is the view that the Constitution is an evolving document that changes with the times?

answer

Pragmatism vs Originalist (who believe we must interpret the document's text literally)

question

16.23. What is the system of law developed by judges in deciding cases over the centuries?

answer

Common law Precedent (Judicial decisions that offer a guide to similar cases in the future) Stare decisis (deciding cases on the bases of previous rulings or precedents)

question

16.24. What term applies to cases that involve disputes between two parties?

answer

Civil law Criminal law (cases in which someone is charged with breaking the law)

question

16.25. The plaintiff is?

answer

The party that brings the action Defendant (The party that is sued in a court case)

question

16.26. What is the term for a brief submitted by a person or group that is not a direct party to the case?

answer

Amicus curiae: Before the hearing, the parties submit written briefs spelling out the details of their argument. Other interested parties may submit their own briefs, endorsing the side they favor. The outside contributions are known as (friends of the court)

question

16.27. The official statement of the Court is called the?

answer

Majority Opinion Concurrent opinion (explanation why they voted in favor of the majority outcome)

question

16.28. A statement on behalf of the justices who voted in the minority is called the?

answer

Dissent (Justices who disagree about the outcome, give bases for future rethinking of the issues by the Court)

question

16.29. Clear and present danger is?

answer

Court doctrine that free speech could be curtailed, because the speech may lead to prohibited action like violence or terrorism. The clear and present danger test guided the court for fifty years, it was rewritten in 1969. Recall that a test is a general principle designed to guide future court decisions on a topic.

STUDY

Boston Tea Party Freedom From Want Northwest Ordinance Of 1787 Political Science Stamp Act Congress Struggle For Power United States Government-Comprehensive

STUDYGUIDE1 – Flashcards 216 terms

Linda Lynch

216 terms

Preview

STUDYGUIDE1 – Flashcards

question

Pluralism, elite theory, and social movement theory essentially answer the question of?

answer

where power really lies in american politics

question

According to elite theory, what is the source of influence?

answer

Status based on leading positions in society.

question

Under pluralism, what is the source of influence?

answer

A group's organization, resources & connections.

question

Social movement theory emphasizes the power of?

answer

Popular uprisings/movements.

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Congress, the president, the Supreme Court, and the Department of Homeland Security are all institutions that shape?

answer

a. power. b. ideas. c. politics. D. all of the above are true.

question

Mastering how the four I's; ideas, institutions, interests, and individuals are what shape politics which also requires an understanding of?

answer

History

question

The organizations, norms, and rules that structure political action are known as?

answer

institutions

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The role of citizens is limited to choosing among competing leaders in the __________ theory of democracy.

answer

elite

question

The key concept of the pluralist theory of democracy is?

answer

groups

question

What is the term for an approach to political behavior that views individuals as rational, decisive actors who know their political interests and seek to act on them?

answer

Rational-choice theory

question

The system of government that rests ultimate governing power in its people, who may rule directly or via representatives, is called?

answer

Republic

question

The theory that says that mass popular uprisings have the potential to introduce great changes regardless of who is in control of ordinary, day-to-day politics is known as?

answer

Social Movement Theory

question

What is the name for the national social movement, primarily attracting fiscal and social conservatives, that sought to limit government spending and cut taxes?

answer

Tea Party

question

Negative liberty is?

answer

Freedom from constraints or the interference of others.

question

In 1944 President Roosevelt proclaimed the four freedoms. Of these, the first two: freedom of speech and religion—are types of?

answer

Negative liberty

question

What is the main difference between a republic and a democracy?

answer

In a democracy, people vote directly, and in a republic, people rule indirectly through their elected representatives.

question

The view that the United States is unique, marked by a distinct set of ideas such as equality, self-rule, and limited government, is known as?

answer

American exceptionalism

question

Which term means "the ability to pursue one's own desires without interference from others"?

answer

Freedom

question

Which term means "the freedom and ability to pursue one's goals"?

answer

Positive Liberty

question

What is a process in which citizens propose new laws or amendments to the state constitution?

answer

initiative

question

What is the name for Americans who believe in minimal government—small army, no social programs, no social or moral legislation?

answer

Libertarians

question

The idea that individuals, not the society, are responsible for their own well-being is called?

answer

individualism

question

Which term refers to a government whose citizens are responsible for one another's well-being and use government policy to assure that all are comfortably cared for?

answer

social democracy

question

Political equality is a situation in which?

answer

Every citizen has the same political rights and opportunities.

question

What is a statistical term for the number in the middle or the case that has an equal number of examples above or below it?

answer

median

question

What is the idea that every American has an equal chance to win economic success?

answer

equal opportunity

question

The British did not agree with the colonial view of delegate representation because

answer

The English did not change their election districts every time the population shifted.

question

The Boston Tea Party is a reference to?

answer

The colonists denying Parliament's right to tax or regulate them without the approval of their elected legislatures.

question

The Declaration of Independence derives its ideas from which Scottish political theorist, who wrote Two Treatises on Government?

answer

John Locke

question

Pluralism

answer

people can influence government through many interest groups

question

what theory is an example of groups for global warming or banning abortions?

answer

pluralism

question

Elite Theory

answer

power rests in the hands of a small number of wealthy powerful people

question

Bureaucratic theory

answer

control of gov. lies with the men and woman who carry out the day-to-day operations of modern government and business

question

Social Movement Theory

answer

mass popular uprisings have the potential to introduce great changes no matter who is in control

question

Institutions

answer

organizations, norms, and rules that structure political action

question

Supreme Court and Congress are examples of what?

answer

Institutions

question

Politics definition?

answer

How a society makes collective decisions. (who gets what, when, and how)

question

What does freedom mean?

answer

It means that the gov. will protect your life, liberty, and your property from the coercion of others

question

Freedom of want? (roosevelt)

answer

positive

question

What rights can no one infringe on individual rights?

answer

Freedom of speech and religion (worship)

question

Who wrote, "no novelty in the U.S. struck me more vividly.. than the equality of condition" after visiting the U.S.?

answer

Alexis Tocqueville

question

Solidarity

answer

the idea that people have a tight bond and are responsible for one another

question

where there are only small differences in wealth between citizens (1790, very small difference in wealth and little poverty)(now dramatically changed)

answer

Economic equality

question

What equality would removing money from elections have to do with?

answer

Political

question

Social equality

answer

all individuals have the same status in soceity

question

when representatives follow expressed wishes of the voters

answer

delegate representation

question

representatives do what they regard as the best interest of the voters (independent of what the voters want

answer

trustee representation (english view)

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Where government controls trade and economy

answer

Mercantilism

question

1754-1763

answer

The French and Indian War

question

Stamp Act Congress

answer

October 1765

question

Townshend Acts

answer

1767

question

Boston Massacre

answer

1770

question

"perhaps the most famous piece of anti-military propaganda in American history"

answer

Boston Massacre

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Boston Massacre was?

answer

street fight between redcoats and colonists because the soldiers were tired of being harrassed by mobs throwing snowballs and rocks at them

question

December 16, 1773

answer

Boston Tea Party

question

republic is...?

answer

Representative form of democracy/ people are in charge.

question

What are the 7 big ideas of american exceptionalism?

answer

Liberty, self rule (democracy), limited government, individualism, the American dream, equality, and faith in God.

question

Negative liberty...

answer

limits government action/ right to act how you want

question

Negative liberty limits government action. They make sure that others (government officials) do not....

answer

interfere with individuals perusing their own goals

question

President Roosevelt thought that the negative liberties _____ and ______: that no one could infringe on those rights

answer

freedom of speech and freedom of worship (religion)

question

President Roosevelt thought that _____ (def?) was positive liberty.....

answer

freedom from want (helping needy people from hard times)

question

3 DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS OF DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA (ATTRIBUTES)

answer

POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY, POLITICAL EQUALITY & POLITICAL LIBERTY

question

POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY

answer

people have authority; govt. does what the people want

question

POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY ALSO MEANS

answer

THE AVOIDANCE OF TYRANNY.

question

TYRANNY

answer

ABSOLUTE POWER IN A GOVERNMENT with a single ruler

question

POLITICAL LIBERTY

answer

freedom from gov. control

question

POLITICAL EQUALITY

answer

everyone gets one vote and has an equal say

question

LINCOLNS DEF OF DEMOCRACY

answer

"...GOVT. OF THE PEOPLE, BY THE PEOPLE & FOR THE PEOPLE..." (LINCOLN)

question

DEF OF DEMOCRACY

answer

"RULE BY THE PEOPLE" SELF GOVT. BY THE MANY

question

DIRECT PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY--DIRECT DEMOCRACY (2 points)

answer

-PEOPLE ACTIVELY AND DIRECTLY RULING THEMSELVES -THAT CITIZENS BE ABLE TO REGULARLY MEET TO DEBATE AND MAKE DECISIONS

question

REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY

answer

RULE BY THE PEOPLE, EXERCISED INDIRECTLY, THROUGH ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES

question

POINTS OF E.E. SCHATTSCHNEIDER DEF. OF DEMOCRACY

answer

-THE MAIN INGREDIENTS OF THIS DEFINITION ARE CONFLICT, COMPETITION, ORGANIZATION, LEADERSHIP, AND RESPONSIBILITY. -A SORT OF WORKING DEFINITION OF DEMOCRACY.

question

"DEMOCRACY IS A COMPETITIVE POLITICAL SYSTEM IN WHICH COMPETING LEADERS AND ORGANIZATIONS DEFINE THE ALTERNATIVES TO PUBLIC POLICY IN SUCH A WAY THAT THE PUBLIC CAN PARTICIPATE IN THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS."

answer

E.E. SCHATTSCHNEIDER DEF. OF DEMOCRACY

question

LIST OF 4 CONDITIONS OF POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY

answer

1. GOVT. POLICIES REFLECT THE POPULAR WILL (VALUES) 2. PEOPLE PARTICIPATE IN THE POLITICAL PROCESS. 3. HIGH-QUALITY INFORMATION AND DEBATE IS AVAILABLE 4. THE MAJORITY RULES...IE. A MAJORITY DECISION RULE

question

POLITICAL LIBERTY POINTS

answer

-WITHOUT THESE LIBERTIES ANY OTHER FUNDAMENTALS OF DEMOCRACY COULD NOT EXIST -FOR MOST PEOPLE, DEMOCRACY AND LIBERTY ARE INSEPARABLE: THE CONCEPT OF SELF-GOVERNMENT

question

POLITICAL EQUALITY POINTS

answer

-PEOPLE ENTER INTO THE DECISION MAKING PROCESS AS EQUALS -ALLOWS A SOCIETY TO MEASURE OR ENFORCE THE POPULAR WILL -BRINGS ABOUT POLITICAL EFFICACY (THE SENSE THAT YOU CAN AFFECT WHAT GOVT. DOES)

question

wrote the prince and discourses

answer

Machiavelli

question

banished from the medici family (he didn't want the medici fan. to take away his status quo)

answer

Machiavelli

question

who was not idealistic as Aristotle?

answer

Machiavelli

question

Who wrote the intro to self interest?

answer

Machiavelli

question

Who wrote the intro to nature?

answer

Hobbes

question

What are the points that state political life is best understood more as a state of war than a state of peace?

answer

-things must be viewed in their most basic condition- stripped of decorations -fundamental reality of the human conditions is war not peace

question

what idea did mach. challenge?

answer

that it is man's human nature to think about things in their perfect condition

question

for most men what is more important than public life? (most pay no attention to public life)

answer

private life

question

who wrote two treatises of government

answer

John Locke

question

Who wrote that by consent, individuals created a government to protect their natural rights to life, liberty, and property?

answer

John Locke

question

Who wrote Leviathan?

answer

Hobbes

question

salutary neglect

answer

english policy of ignoring colonies

question

Democracy

answer

The people decide who gets what and when Demo- The People, Cracy-To Rule

question

Federalism

answer

The division of power across state, local and national government

question

Bipartisanship

answer

When both parties work together

question

Constituent

answer

Those voting

question

According to the Greeks, scholars of the Christian Middle Ages, and European philosophers (such as John Locke & Thomas Hobbes), what is the utility (purpose) of government?

answer

Greeks - To create and environment that promotes human excellence - Beware of mob rule Christian Middle Ages-To promote morality, be pious, goal heaven, promote ethical behavior

question

What are the major political contributions of Hobbes

answer

Believed people tire of state of nature and chose to have a government that has power over them. We are born to a state of war

question

What are the major political contributions of Locke

answer

We are born with natural rights: life, liberty, property. Since these are natural rights government cannot take them away People form government to protect rights If govt fails to protect rights, people have right to overthrow and create new

question

According to your textbook, what is the key theme of American Politics

answer

Politics is conflict and compromise

question

Why did the American colonists want to break away from the political control of the British crown?

answer

Passage of oppressive acts. After 7 year war, UK wanted states to pay for war, taxes, sugar tax, stamp act Declarity Act: Pass laws that were binding to colonies UK asserted their right to rule Tea Tax Forced to house soldiers Closed Boston Port Trials for offenses against crown Town meetings were suspended Mass governor was replaced with British Governor Trials were held in Nova Scotia or London

question

What political beliefs did they invoke as justification for their behavior?

answer

John Locke - If the government faills to protect our natural rights, The People have the right to overthrow and create a new one.

question

Also, what specific policies of the Crown did the Colonists reject?

answer

Declarity Act: Pass laws that were binding to colonies UK asserted their right to rule Tea Tax Forced to house soldiers Closed Boston Port Trials for offenses against crown Town meetings were suspended Mass governor was replaced with British Governor Trials were held in Nova Scotia or London

question

What was the purpose for holding (the goals) the First Continental Congress?

answer

To mend the rift with the Crown Two groups, Economic and Non Economic/Political Find and record solutions, petition the govt with the problems

question

What was accomplished at this meeting if the First Continental Congress? (What did they do?)

answer

British increased troops, trade sanctions, seized all military arms, closed military stores and hardware

question

What was the purpose for holding (the goals) the Second Continental Congress?

answer

Situation worsened, needed to break free from UK

question

What was done at the Second Continental Congress? (What did they do?)

answer

Decided to break free from UK, justified by Locke Formed an army Selected a General Worked with French for assistance, money & recognizing colonists

question

What were the Articles of Confederation and why isn't it our Constitution today?

answer

States Rights. First attempt at a new government. Too restrictive. Replaced with the Constitution. No president, no tax, no court

question

What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

answer

No money, states began competing, tax from one state to another when moving across state, Bankruptcy farms

question

The first three articles of our Constitution discuss whom/what?

answer

Established: 1. Legislative Branch, Congress 2. Executive Branch 3. Judicial Branch

question

What issues did anti-federalist support and what did they fear?

answer

Supported States Rights and personal liberty Feared personal liberties would be lost

question

Know and be able to explain the three compromises that had to occur (regarding legislative representation, how to assess the size of a population, and the protection of certain civil liberties & states' rights) in order to get the Constitution ratified

answer

1. States Rights: Heavily populated states wanted more representation, less populated wanted a set number of reps. COMPROMISE: Legislature would have two chambers: House of Representative based on population, Senate 2 reps per state. 2. Should slaves be counted? COMPOMISE: 3/5ths Compromise - 5 slaves would count as 3 people 3. Personal Liberties: COMPROMISE: The Bill of Rights

question

What are the formal powers of the Legislative Branch (the 17 enumerated powers of Congress)? What power is given to Congress in Section 1, of Article 1 of the Constitution?

answer

To Legislate Then...................... 1. Power to tax and to spend the money raised by taxes, to provide for the nation's defense and general welfare. 2. To borrow money. (bonds, etc) 3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states. Interstate commerce covers all movement of people and things across state lines, and every form of communication and transportation. 4. To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States 5. To coin money and set its value & regulate weights and measures. Congress created the Federal Reserve System to regulate the nation's monetary supply. To fix the standard of weights and measures 6. To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States; 7. To establish a Post Office and post roads. 8. To issue patents and copyrights to inventors and authors, trademarks. Promote science in the arts by protecting intellectual property rights. 9. To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court; Create federal courts below Supreme Court 10. To define and punish piracy, felonies on high seas and crimes against the law of nations 11. To declare war - Congress declares war, while the president wages war. 12. To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years; 13. To provide and maintain the Navy 14. To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces Congress' control of funding the military provides another check on the executive branch. 15. To provide a militia, right of the states to appoint officers and train them 16. To exercise exclusive legislative powers over the seat of government (DC) and other places purchased to be federal facilities. 17, To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the forgoing powers and all other powers vested by the Constitution. and get them done (The Elastic Clause)

question

What special (or particular) powers are given to the House of Representatives? And to the Senate?

answer

House Revenue bills (taxes) begin at the House Charges of impeachment Senate Approve and ratify Presidential nominees, treaties, Impeachment trial

question

How is the power of the Legislature checked/balanced/constrained?

answer

Executive checks - President can: veto, call Congress into Special Session, delay & implement legislation against the original intention of Congress, VP has tie breaking vote in Senate Congress Checks: Bring about charges of impeachment, Senate approves presidential nominations. Judicial Checks - Supreme Court can declare a law passed by Congress unconstitutional, Chief Justice presides over impeachment trial The Bill of Rights

question

Explain the basics regarding the membership (how many), duration of term and how members are elected (explain the nature of single-member, plurality elections) for both chambers of Congress

answer

House 435 members (by population), 2 year term, entire house elected every 2 years, 25 yrs old, citizen 7 yrs, must live in state where district is located 100 Senators, 2 from ea state, 6 yrs, staggered 1/3 every two years, at least 30 yrs old, citizen for 9 yrs in state

question

What is an incumbent (define the term) and what benefits do incumbents possess that enable them to be reelected so frequently? How often are they re-elected?

answer

Person running for election that already holds the office. Benefits: campaign supporters, established money and contributors, already known, constituent services, franking privileges, ability of members of congress to send out mail to constituents for free, Gerrymandering: manipulating how districts are drawn.

question

What are the two ways that our Legislature is organized?

answer

The Political Party and Committee System

question

What is a Standing Committee

answer

Standing Committees are permanent

question

What is a Select Committee

answer

temporary, must be renewed every 2 years

question

What is a Joint Committee

answer

Includes members of both houses

question

What is a Conference Committee

answer

a type of joint committee with one job, to reconcile 2 slightly different versions of same law

question

What is a subcommittee

answer

Smaller part of a committee

question

Know and explain the duties of the following positions: Speaker of the House

answer

Most powerful, Sends bills to committee, decides who sits on committee, decides who chairs committee, Chairman of House Rules Committee, Is the focal point, 2nd in line for President

question

Know and explain duties of President of the Senate

answer

VP, Opens and closes senate session, tie breaker

question

Know and explain duties of Majority/Minority Leaders

answer

They are the spokesmen of the parties

question

Know and explain duties of Whips

answer

persuade party members to vote a certain way on a bill

question

Know and explain duties of: President Pro-Temp of the Senate?

answer

Subs for Vice President

question

How does a bill become a law? Explain the process and know how difficult it is for a bill to become a law.

answer

1. Introduced by member of that chamber 2. Assigned to a committee for deliberation, then sent to subcommittee 3. Floor action: submitted to the full chamber for debate 4. Conference Committee: bill is reconciled then sent to both chambers for another vote 5. Goes to President for signature or veto, If vetoed, can be overturned by 2/3 vote

question

How is the President elected?

answer

By the indirect vote. Popular vote is tallied, each state is given a certain amount of electerates based on state population for prior census. Popular vote in each state goes to the winning party. Electoral college cast votes for President

question

How long is a Presidential term?

answer

4 years

question

How many times can a President be reelected?

answer

2 terms, no more than a total of 10 years

question

What powers does the Presidency possess?

answer

Commander in Chief of Armed Forces Make treaties Nominate ambassadors Present info on State of the Union to Congress Recommend legislation to Congress Convene both House and Senate under extraordinary cases Adgourn congress Veto legislation Take care that laws are faithfully executed Nominate officials Request written opinions of Administrative officials Fill admin vacancies during congressional recess Grant reprieves Nominate federal judges

question

Explain what Presidents formal/expressed powers are

answer

Formal/Expressed Powers: Executive power, pardons, recommend legislation, veto legislation, convene congress, Receive Ambassadors, make treaties, make appointments, Commander in Chief

question

What does the term, the imperial presidency, refer to? (define the term)

answer

President has the powers have expanded over time do to changes in the technological threats, advancements in weaponry and information gathering. The president has the power of an emperor.

question

Explain what President's delegated powers,

answer

Powers delegated to the president by the Congress

question

Explain what President's inherent/implied/inferred powers and the power to persuade

answer

Powers that the President believes he has. Example powers previous President had and used

question

How is the federal judiciary organized? How many tiers

answer

3 tiers. Supreme Court, Court of Appeals, District Courts

question

How is the federal judiciary organized? Name & job of each tier?)

answer

Supreme Court, highest court, Court of Appeals, intermediate level, strictly appealate District Courts, lowest level 94 judicial districts, trial, no appeals

question

What kinds of court opinions does the Supreme Court issue?

answer

Majority Opinions

question

How many Justices sit on the Supreme Court?

answer

question

What powers does the Supreme Court have (what utility does the Supreme Court serve?)?

answer

Final authority over both state and federal courts Power of Judicial Review, Chief Justice sits on trial of Impeachment, Settle disputes, interprets the Consititution

question

What is the process of Supreme Court hearing a case (procedure)?

answer

Decide what to hear Written arguments/briefs are submitted and studied Oral arguments are heard Court conferences are held Opinion is written.

question

What is the process of Supreme Court choosing a case.

answer

Rules of Access: Original Jurisdiction Legal Controversy National Significant Appeal jurisdiction through certiorari process

question

Explain what is meant by the term 'judicial review'

answer

Declare legislative or executive branch acts unconstitutional

question

What is the process of Supreme Court presiding over a case

answer

question

Explain what is meant by the term 'highest appellate court'

answer

It has final authority over all courts

question

What is meant by the phrase: Rule of Four

answer

Only four justices must vote yes to place on docket

question

How is the power of the Federal Judiciary checked/balanced/constrained?

answer

SC over Pres: may declare executive action unlawful, unconstitutional Pres over SC: Nominates federal judges, may issue pardons, executes court decisions SC over Congress: Power to interpret legal disputes arising under acts of Congress, may declare acts unconstitutional Congress over SC: Decides size of federal courts System, # of SC justices and appellate jurisdiction of SC. May impeach and remove Federal Judges. may rewrite legislation that courts have interpreted and initiate constitutional amendments, confirm judicial nominees

question

What kind of cases are the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?

answer

State vs state, cases involving ambassadors

question

What is meant by the phrase: Judicial Activism

answer

courts providing justice and fairness

question

What is meant by the phrase: Judicial Constraint

answer

just interpreting the constitution

question

What is a civil liberty?

answer

Political freedoms that protect people from government abuses of power. They are in the Bill of Rights.

question

What is a civil right?

answer

.A demand we make on government to ensure protection of civil liberties.

question

How is a civil liberty different than a civil right?

answer

Civil Liberties are freedoms given to us by the Bill of Rights. Civil Rights - government cannot violate these freedoms

question

How are our civil liberties protected?

answer

The Bill of Rights

question

How are our civil rights protected?

answer

Rooted in laws and equal protection clause of the 14th amendment. The Supreme Court.

question

How did the 14th Amendment impact civil rights?

answer

All citizens are given equal protection under the law.

question

Plessy vs Ferguson

answer

Allowed complete segregation. Forbade interracial marriage and mandated separation of races in neighborhoods, hotel, etc...

question

Jim Crow Laws

answer

Established separate but equal. Allowed segregation as long as blacks had equal facilities.

question

Brown v Board of Education?

answer

Rejected separate but equal followed by Brown II which ordered schools desegregated.

question

What are the specific functions that elections perform/provide?

answer

Means to hold elected officials accountable Means to socialize political activity A way to bolster the government's power A method to exert mass influence in politics

question

How does our government regulate elections?

answer

Decides how many votes it takes to win. Decides whether single member or plurality. Decides requirements for different offices. FEC sets disclosures and finance rules.

question

What was the first and last Constitutional Amendments that enlarged the US electorate?

answer

15th Amend - extended voting rights to all races 26th Amend - extended voting rights to age 18

question

How is the President elected?

answer

Electoral college. 270 votes needed to win.

question

How are member to the House of Reps. elected?

answer

Single member, plurality elections

question

What are the causal variables (factors) that shape voting behavior?

answer

Age, gender, race, education, income

question

What characteristics describe the person who statistically is the most versus least likely to vote?

answer

White, college grad, 55 yrs and up

question

What characteristics describe the typical voter for the Democratic Party?

answer

female, minority, under age 50,single, non college grad, most important issues foreign policy, economy, health care,

question

What about the Republican Party?

answer

male, white, over age 50, married, college grad, issues: deficit, economy

question

What are some current problems with the way elections are held in the US (issues of concern)?

answer

Low voter turnout, voting irregularities, high cost of running for office, campaign finance rules, gerrymandering,

question

Hard money

answer

Contributions by individuals and PACs that are for political change

question

Soft Money

answer

unregulated contributions to parties to assist in party-building or voter registration efforts

question

PAC

answer

Private group that raises and distributes funds for election campaigns $5000 to a candidate, $15,000 to a national party Can receive $5000 from any one person

question

Super PAC

answer

Independent expenditure only committees Cannot make contributions to candidate campaigns or parties No legal limit to funds they can raise

question

501.c4

answer

issue advocacy groups no donor information revealed

question

What is gerrymandering?

answer

The deliberate drawing of congresstional districts to influence the outcome of an election

question

What is the impact of gerrymandering?

answer

question

What is the impact of gerrymandering on politics?

answer

Pack a district with voters of one party or dilute another party's voters

question

What did our Founding Fathers think of political parties?

answer

question

What are political parties? Define the term

answer

To elect their members to office.

question

What do political parties do? Explain the various functions/activities they perform

answer

Recruit candidates Get out the vote Facilitate mass electoral choice Influence national government Run campaigns Parties act together and vote the same way

question

Why do we still have a 2-Party system?

answer

Smaller shared idealogical preferences and goals We like checks and balances Historical legacy

question

Explain what factors hinder the rise of more political parties with a real chance of winning federal office while reinforcing the existing of two major parties such as the impact of the rational voter and rational candidate.

answer

We know that only the top 2 candidates have a chance at winning, therefore there is no reason to vote or run don't want to waste vote. Money is thrown away because it is so expensive. Also, candidates are scutinized.

question

How do political parties select their presidential candidate?

answer

Through primaries and caucuses. Every state has a vote

question

What is the difference between a primary versus a caucus?

answer

Primaries are closed to party only. Caucus used by small states under 100 people attend. Cannot leave until final count. Also discuss party platform.

question

What is done at a political party's national convention?

answer

Party debates and votes on party platform and chooses nominee.

question

What issues are confronting American political parties in the current period?

answer

Polarization of Dems and Republicans. Ticket splitting Decline of party identification Rise of media and internet Impact of Tea Party Peoples fatigue of existing parties-view as corrupt.

question

What is meant by the term 'linkage institution'?

answer

Links peple t politics and polit

question

Define what an interest group is?

answer

Organized group of people that make policy related appeals to government. Actively attempt to influence policymakers in all branches of government at all levels.

question

What is a lobbyist?

answer

Someone that is hired to influence legislatures toward a certain cause

question

Which interest groups are important to American politics today?

answer

AARP, AFL CIO, NRA, NEA, Sierra Club, Pharmaceutical PhRMA

question

What functions (positive roles) do interest groups fulfill in American politics?

answer

They work together, accountability, information. Like minded people working together.Solidarity, coercion. Education, Information, Participation, give money to PACS

question

How do interest groups attempt to influence policy development & implementation? (strategies)

answer

Direct lobbying, litigation, pay for court fees and atty, mobilizing public opinion, electoral politics, money,

question

Why is it that the involvement of interest groups in politics is often criticized?

answer

Poor under represented. bias toward rich and upper class, buying politicians, revolving door for Capitol Hill to K St. They draft legislation

question

Utility of Media in Democratic Society

answer

i. Acts as a watch dog ii. Necessary agent to keep govt accountable

question

Define the term 'media' and be able to explain its various types (forms)

answer

Agent of Mass Communication print media, TV, Radio, Internet

question

What are some major trends regarding the media? (ei. Most popular? Least? Ownership? etc.)

answer

Newspapers are declining even though they supply the best information Audio and Visual tend to listen to only those that agree with them

question

What are the sources of power for the media? Be able to explain each source of power

answer

Agenda setting - Controlling the information Priming - using music and images to psychologically alter the way information is rcvd Frames - Spinning info, commentary and talking points Adversarial Journalism - Viewing the government with a healthy skepticism and searching out for the truth via investigative reporting of government

question

Agenda setting

answer

Controlling the information

question

Priming

answer

using music and images to psychologically alter the way information is rcvd

question

Frames

answer

Spinning info, commentary and talking points

question

Adversarial Journalism

answer

Viewing the government with a healthy skepticism and searching out for the truth via investigative reporting of government

question

How do politicians attempt to influence the media?

answer

Leaks, press releases, press conferences, managed coverage, lack of disclosure

question

Why do people criticize the American media's contemporary role in politics?

answer

How we be well informed if they media is shaped by the very people that media is covering.

question

How do the unique attributes of California affect our politics?

answer

Area is large and difficult to govern Large population creates demands Competing interests economic issues, government must be strong Higher costs of voting - ballots, languages

question

Explain the direct democracy strategies of: initiatives, referendum, and recall-1. What are they?

answer

Initiative: Propositions, away for voters to propose a law by petition and then put on ballot Referendum: 2 types, a) allows voters to approve or reject amendments passed by Senate Legislature. b) Allows us to repeal a law passed by Sacramento Recall: Voters can petition for a special election to remove an official from office

question

initiatives, referendum, and recall-Why do we have them?

answer

to bypass red tape and go directly to the people

question

The Legislature: Assembly

answer

80 members, 2 year term, 3 term max. total of 6 years Make Laws, establish taxes, propose amendments, establish and regulate court, create maintain public schools, regulate commercial activities

question

The Legislature: Senate

answer

40 members, 4 year term, 2 term max, total of 8 years Senate approves 170 political appointments Make Laws, establish taxes, propose amendments, establish and regulate court, create maintain public schools, regulate commercial activities

question

The Legislature: Governor

answer

4 year term, 2 term max if served after Nov 2009 Powers: veto bills, heads the CA budget, directs CHP, Commander in Chief of Natl Guard, Executes laws, manages CA exec branch, Power of appt of over 170 appointees, decides clemency, calls special sessions, calls special elections

question

The Legislature: Lieutenant Governor

answer

4 year term, 2 term limit Preside over CA Senate, acting gov, on boards of Cal University & Economic Development Commiss.

question

The Legislature: Secretary of State

answer

4 year 2 Term in charge of elections and state record keeper

question

The Legislature: Insurance Commissioner

answer

4 year 2 Term Monitors corporations that sell insurance, consumer advocate

question

The Legislature: Attorney General

answer

4 year 2 Term chief legal advisor to the state law enforcement, prepares propositions for the ballot

question

The Legislature: Controller

answer

4 year 2 Term State Accountant

question

The Legislature: Treasurer

answer

4 year 2 Term State Banker, taxes

question

The California Judiciary Who? How many? For how long (term length)? Powers? And Elected how?

answer

Supreme: 12 year term, 7 justices Appeals: 12 year term, 93 justices Superior: 6 year term, 58 Courts

question

Budget: What are the top 3 sources of income & expenditures for the California General Fund?

answer

Income tax, sales tax, corp tax

question

Budget: What is the process/ procedure for creating and approving the California Budget?

answer

Agencies....Gov, Dept of Finance.... Assembly/Senate.......Legislative analysis.....Assembly/Senate subcommittees.....revisions.......Full committee Assembly/Senate.....Assembly/Senate Floor....Budget Conference Committee......Assembly/Senate Floor.....Gov sign/line item vetos

STUDY

Boston Tea Party Declaration Of War United States Government-Comprehensive

Essay about Declaration of Independence – Flashcards 16 terms

Daniel Hardy

16 terms

Preview

Essay about Declaration of Independence – Flashcards

question

Was the Declaration of Independence intended to be a formal declaration of war? Why or why not?

answer

No. The war started a year before the Declaration of Independence was written

question

Which best describes why the Boston Tea Party is considered such a significant event in US history?

answer

It was the first major act of defiance by the colonists.

question

Which part of the Declaration of Independence acts as an implied plan of action, in that it lists laws and practices to be changed?

answer

the body

question

Which best summarizes the social contract outlined in the Preamble to the Declaration of Independence?

answer

Government has the power to protect natural rights, but people can change their government if it fails to do so.

question

The Declaration of Independence refers to rights as being unalienable. What does "unalienable" mean?

answer

cannot be surrendered

question

Why were taxes an ongoing source of conflict for the American colonists?

answer

They were taxed without having representation in Parliament.

question

Does the preamble to the Declaration of Independence indicate reasons why the new independent government might be similarly removed or overthrown? Why or why not?

answer

Yes. It outlines when it is appropriate to remove a government.

question

The preamble to the Declaration of Independence outlines the principles upon which the new government would be based. Which of these best describes one of those principles?

answer

a government based on a social contract

question

Which reason best explains why this grievance was included in the Declaration?

answer

Trade focused on generating income for the Crown only

question

Why did Thomas Paine question British authority to rule the colonies in Common Sense?

answer

He believed the king would only approve laws that benefited Britain

question

As the result of a conflict between British troops and a colonial militia in Massachusetts,

answer

Thomas Paine published Common Sense.

question

In which section of the Declaration of Independence is the purpose of government described?

answer

the introduction

question

Which statement describes a natural right?

answer

the rights that cannot, or should not, be taken away

question

John Locke, an Enlightenment-era philosopher, influenced the American movement for independence. Locke believed that all people were entitled to natural rights. Which quotation from the preamble to the Declaration of Independence enshrines natural rights?

answer

"[T]hey are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."

question

The Declaration of Independence intended to end British rule in the colonies, and grant citizens

answer

the right to self-govern

question

What purpose did the introduction to the Declaration of Independence serve?

answer

It indicated why independence was necessary

STUDY

AP United States History Boston Tea Party First Continental Congress History of the Americas

US History Unit 2 test – Flashcards 37 terms

Keisha White

37 terms

Preview

US History Unit 2 test – Flashcards

question

Why were the Intolerable Acts were passed?

answer

to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party

question

Which conflict created the debt that American colonists were expected to repay to Great Britain during the 1760s?

answer

The French and Indian War

question

Under the terms of this agreement, Britain acknowledged American independence, and the new boundaries for the United States were established:

answer

the Treaty of Paris of 1783

question

This European country became the most significant ally of the colonists during the Revolutionary War:

answer

France

question

The Proclamation of 1763 declared:

answer

the limitation of westward colonial expansion in an effort to stabilize relations with Native Americans

question

Thomas Paine's Common Sense was important because it:

answer

convinced many Americans who had been undecided to support independence

question

Colonists who favored independence from Britain were known as:

answer

patriots

question

Which event is reflected by the following headlines? "Washington's Gamble Succeeds" "A Christmas the Continental Army - and the Hessians - Will Never Forget" "A Surprise Attack and Victory Improves Morale"

answer

The Continental Army's crossing of the Delaware River into Trenton

question

Why were the Committees of Correspondence were created?

answer

to keep all the colonies informed of English threats to American liberties

question

This French aristocrat aided the Continental Army by leading a command in Virginia and lobbying for French reinforcements:

answer

Marquis de Lafayette

question

Tensions rose in the colonies when this incident left Crispus Attucks and four others dead:

answer

Boston Massacre

question

This law, passed by Parliament, required colonists to pay a direct tax on printed items such as newspapers, playing cards and legal documents:

answer

Stamp Act

question

In writing the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson drew most heavily from the ideas of this Enlightenment era philosopher:

answer

John Locke

question

A major argument for American independence found in the Declaration of Independence was that the British:

answer

deprived Americans of their natural rights

question

Continental Army: George Washington :: British Army :

answer

Lord Cornwallis

question

The system that ensures that no branch of the federal government becomes more powerful than the others is known as:

answer

checks and balances

question

The Continental Army won the war during this final battle when the American and French armies joined forces with two French fleets to surround the British and force their surrender:

answer

Battle of Yorktown

question

The Great Compromise was an agreement that addressed the issue of:

answer

Congressional representation of states

question

The essential purpose of the Bill of Rights was to:

answer

protect individual liberties of citizens

question

The Land Ordinance of 1785 was developed under the Articles of Confederation in order to:

answer

provide an orderly system of development for the Northwest Territory

question

The Three-Fifths Compromise settled a disagreement between:

answer

northern states and southern states

question

In the aftermath of Shays' Rebellion, many colonial leaders realized that the Articles of Confederation did not:

answer

give the federal government sufficient power to enforce federal law

question

"Involvement in European affairs would be a mistake. We should not jeopardize our peace and prosperity over issues that Europe's ambitions and rivalries control." The above statement by George Washington expressed his concern regarding:

answer

his position on foreign policy (stay out of European affairs)

question

Anti-Federalists were opposed to ratification of the Constitution because they feared that a powerful national government would lead to what 2 issues?

answer

lead to an abuse of power by the federal government and restrict individual rights

question

Each of the following is a right guaranteed by the Bill of Rights EXCEPT the right to 1. a jury trial 2. a college education 3. express an unpopular viewpoint 4. organize parades and protests

answer

2. a college education

question

Adding a Bill of Rights to the Constitution was championed by which particular group?

answer

Anti-Federalists

question

Which of these men was NOT a federalist? Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson George Washington John Adams

answer

Thomas Jefferson

question

The Federalist Papers were published to build support for:

answer

ratification of the Constitution

question

He is known as the "Father of the Constitution."

answer

James Madison

question

Natural rights : John Locke :: separation of powers :

answer

Montesquieu

question

During the American Revolution, Benjamin Franklin played an important diplomatic role by:

answer

strengthening the colonies' alliance with France and obtaining French financial and military support

question

The Army . . . begins to grow sickly from the continued fatigues they have suffered this Campaign. . . . I am Sick - discontented - and out of humour. Poor food - hard lodging - Cold Weather - fatigue - Nasty [clothes] - nasty Cookery - Vomit half my time - the Devil's in't - I can't Endure it - Why are we sent here to starve and Freeze - Here all Confusion - smoke and Cold - hunger and filthiness - A pox on my bad luck. -- from the Diary of Albigence Waldo, 1777 What is the most likely location of Albigence Waldo when he wrote this diary entry?

answer

Valley Forge

question

The Whiskey Rebellion demonstrated the improved effectiveness of :

answer

the federal government under the Constitution

question

The system of government adopted by the Founding Fathers that divided power between the national and the state government is known as:

answer

federalism

question

Reflecting Back: Much as the Puritans founded Plymouth to escape religious persecution in England, which colony was founded to escape religious persecution by the Puritans?

answer

Rhode Island

question

Reflecting Back: The colony that was founded on principles of social equality and religious tolerance was:

answer

Pennsylvania

question

Who was excluded from the "all men are created equal" phrase in the Declaration of Independence?

answer

women African Americans Native Americans

STUDY

AP European History AP United States History Boston Tea Party Eighteenth Century Latin American Independence New England

US History Ch 2 – Flashcards 25 terms

Donna Chou

25 terms

Preview

US History Ch 2 – Flashcards

question

The attitude of King James I towards tobacco:

answer

showed that, in the end, he valued revenue more than good health

question

Initially, Lord Baltimore intended that Maryland be a haven for:

answer

Catholics

question

Unlike their southern counterparts, the first Englishmen who established colonies in New England were:

answer

in search of land and riches

question

In 1624, Virginia became:

answer

a royal colony

question

The individual largely responsible for Maryland's settlement was:

answer

Sir George Calvert

question

The man who taught Virginians how to grow tobacco was:

answer

John Rolfe

question

English settlers in seventeenth-century America could be characterized best in terms of their

answer

striking social diversity

question

After 1618, the Virginia Company's principal means of attracting new settlers was:

answer

payment of one's passage to the colony of the company

question

In 1622, Native American tribes in Virginia:

answer

attacked the English settlements

question

The joint-stock company:

answer

encouraged investment in colonial enterprises with "limited liability" for the investors

question

Jamestown might have gone the way Roanoke had it not been for the perseverance of:

answer

Captain John Smith

question

Those who migrated to the Chesapeake Bay area as indentured servants were:

answer

normally single, lower-class males in their teens or early twenties

question

Upon arriving in the New World. English settlers:

answer

generally adapted old beliefs to the new environment in order to survive

question

The document in which the Pilgrims established a civil government for their Plymouth colony had become known as the

answer

Mayflower Compact

question

The selection of a site for Jamestown was primarily based on settlers'

answer

fear of surprise attacks

question

The _____ Company was responsible for the settlement of Jamestown:

answer

Virginia

question

In which one of the following colonies was the death rate for the early colonists the most severe?

answer

Virginia

question

The first three years of Jamestown's history witnessed:

answer

terrible hardship and suffering

question

In which one of the following colonies were religious reasons the least important in explaining the founding of that colony?

answer

Virginia

question

Jamestown's prosperity was ensured by:

answer

tobacco cultivation

question

The Pilgrims, who left Holland to settle in America

answer

had few alternatives because they were being harassed by the Dutch government

question

Under the "headright" system in Virginia

answer

all new arrivals who had paid their trans-Atlantic fares received 50-acre land grants

question

Lord Baltimore's settlement in Maryland:

answer

never succeeded in becoming a feudal society

question

To resolve the problem of the cast expenses that New World settlement required, English merchant-capitalists introduced the concept of:

answer

the joint-stock company

question

Indentured servants:

answer

were working of the costs of their passages to America

STUDY

AP United States History Boston Tea Party British East India Company First Continental Congress History of the Americas United States History-Other

Honors US History A – Flashcards 434 terms

Amari Finch

434 terms

Preview

Honors US History A – Flashcards

question

Why did colonial women gather to spin thread and weave cloth?

answer

to support colonial boycotts against British-made goods

question

Why did Parliament pass the Coercive Acts?

answer

to punish colonists for the Boston Tea Party

question

What did the colonists do to let British Parliament know they were against the new taxes?

answer

They stopped buying British goods

question

Why did colonists protest passage of the Stamp Act?

answer

They believed that without representation in Parliament, they should not be taxed

question

Why did the Sons of Liberty form?

answer

to lead popular protests against the Stamp Act

question

At the First Continental Congress, what significant action did the delegates organize against the British?

answer

They called for a boycott of all British imports

question

Which of the following was included in Patrick Henry's Virginia Resolves?

answer

Colonists could only be taxed by colonial assemblies

question

What role did Parliament play in the events that led to the Boston Tea Party?

answer

Parliament allowed the British East India Company to sell tea directly to colonists

question

Why did Parliament raise taxes on the colonies after the French and Indian War?

answer

to pay war debts and keep the colonies safe

question

Why was the meeting of the First Continental Congress in 1774 a significant event?

answer

It represented an attempt to unify colonies and colonists against the Coercive Acts

question

Why did Thomas Paine write Common Sense?

answer

To persuade the colonies to declare independence

question

What important responsibility did the Second Continental Congress take on in May 1775?

answer

the war against Great Britain

question

Which term might a Loyalist have used to describe a Patriot gathering or committee?

answer

unlawful

question

Which rights were described as natural rights by philosophers of the Enlightenment?

answer

life and liberty

question

Which statement is true about the Loyalists?

answer

They felt that Parliament and the Crown must be obeyed as the legitimate government of the Empire

question

Which document did the Second Continental Congress send to King George III to reaffirm colonists allegiance to him, but not to Parliament?

answer

Olive Branch Petition

question

Which of the following Patriots drafted the Declaration of Independence?

answer

Thomas Jefferson

question

Which Patriot wrote an influential book that denounced British aristocrats as frauds and parasites?

answer

Thomas Paine

question

What term is used to refer to full-time farmers who fought part-time for the Patriots?

answer

militia

question

Why did enslaved people run away to join the British forces?

answer

Enslaved people were seeking liberty

question

Which of the following contributed to the United States' economic weakness at the beginning of the Revolutionary War?

answer

the lack of authority to collect taxes

question

Why did a majority of Native Americans choose to side with the British during the Revolutionary War?

answer

the British said they would stop colonists from settling in the West

question

What role did Benjamin Franklin play in relations between France and the United States?

answer

Franklin was the main negotiator for the alliance with France

question

What misguided strategy caused Lord William Howe and the British to fail?

answer

fighting a traditional war rather that trying to win the civilian support

question

Victories in which of the following battles helped raise morale when the Patriot cause seemed to be lost?

answer

the Battles of Trenton and Princeton

question

Why were the colonists angry that Great Britain had hired German mercenaries?

answer

German mercenaries had a reputation for being particularly brutal in battle

question

What was one of General George Washington's skills as a military leader?

answer

leading retreats that saved the lives of his men

question

At the battle of Bunker Hill, why did William Howe order his men to make a frontal assault in broad daylight?

answer

he believed his well-trained soldiers could beat untrained Patriot soldiers under any conditions

question

Why was the fighting on the frontier in the Revolution especially destructive?

answer

Native Americans attacked colonial settlements, and colonists killed neutral Native Americans

question

What was one difference between the British and American forces at the beginning of the Revolutionary War?

answer

British troops had better training and more supplies

question

What was one reason that southern states passed laws after 1800 to discourage manumission?

answer

southern whites feared that freed blacks would seek revenge for past treatment as slaves

question

In a famous letter of 1776, why did Abigail Adams ask John Adams to "remember the women" while drafting the new nations laws?

answer

Abigail Adams wanted legal protection for women

question

Why did approximately 5000 African Americans join Patriot militias or the Continental Army or Navy?

answer

to gain their freedom

question

What was one reason for the failure of British troops in the South?

answer

the British had to divert troops to defend Gulf Coast forts under Spanish attack

question

Why did General George Cornwallis retreat from the Carolinas and march north into Virginia?

answer

Cornwallis decided he could not win the Carolinas after losing two key battles

question

Which of the following led the British army to make tactical mistakes that finally led them to lose the Revolutionary War?

answer

lack of respect for the Patriot soldiers

question

How did the Partiots' victory in the American Revolution affect Native Americans?

answer

it left them vulnerable to the American hunger for land

question

Which American Patriot helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris?

answer

Benjamin Franklin

question

What was one of the key terms of the Treaty of Paris?

answer

Great Britain recognized American independence and granted boundaries

question

After the Treaty of Paris was signed, about 90000 Loyalists became refugees. Where did about half of them resettle?

answer

the area that later became Canada

question

What was the purpose of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

answer

to provide a system of government for the Northwest Territory

question

How did the Articles of Confederation reflect the ideals stated in the Declaration of Independence?

answer

it rejected centralized power

question

Why was it difficult for Congress to fund its operation?

answer

Congress relied on contributions from the states

question

Why did some leaders believe that unicameral legislatures created a more democratic government?

answer

all teh members of the single house are elected by the people

question

What was the purpose of the Land Ordinance of 1785?

answer

to subdivide and sell land in the Northwest Territory

question

In what way did democratic Patriots such as Thomas Paine differ from conservative Patriots in their view of republics as a form of government?

answer

Democratic Patriots wanted the greatest amount of power among the greatest number of people

question

Why did some states chose bicameral legislatures?

answer

to balance power between the House and the Senate

question

Under the leadership of John Dickinson of Pennsylvania, the Congress designed which of the following?

answer

the Articles of Confederation

question

Which of the following was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

answer

Congress could not establish a common currency

question

Which of the following was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

answer

Congress could not regulate interstate trade

question

What agreement was reached with the Great Compromise?

answer

states would be represented equally in the Senate and proportionally in the House

question

Why did delegates gather in 1787 for the Constitutional Convention?

answer

to amend the Articles of Confederation

question

What was the main purpose of the Three-Fifths Compromise?

answer

to increase the power of southern states in Congress

question

What is the main reason that the Constitution did not proclaim that all men were born free and equal in their rights?

answer

southern states opposed it

question

Under the Virginia Plan, who would command the armed forces and manage foreign relations?

answer

the President

question

Most Americans agreed on what two changes to the Articles of Confederation?

answer

granting Congress the power to regulate commerce and to tax the people

question

Why did James Madison believe that a large, diverse republic would be best for the common good?

answer

diverse interests could check one another

question

What was the Three-Fifths Compromise?

answer

each slave was counted as three-fifths of a person to be added to a state's free population in allocating representatives

question

What was one way the Virginia Plan resembled rule under the British Parliament?

answer

it gave the national Congress the power to veto any state law

question

Why did small states, in particular, prefer the New Jersey Plan?

answer

it represented the states as equals

question

The Constitution granted different responsibilities to each branch of government. This is an example of which Constitutional principle?

answer

separation of powers

question

Why did Antofederalists believe that the Constitution was a threat to liberty?

answer

it created a strong central government

question

Which of the following is an accurate description of the Bill of Rights?

answer

these ten amendments protected individual freedoms

question

What is popular sovereignty?

answer

the idea that the political authority of government comes from the people

question

Which of the following is an example of the Constitution's system of checks and balances?

answer

the President would nominate judges, but the Senate has to approve them

question

The electoral college is an example of which of the following?

answer

indirect democracy

question

What was the Constitution's system of checks and balances designed to do?

answer

prevent the emergence of a single domineering center of power

question

How did the Constitution ensure limited government?

answer

it specifically states what powers the government has

question

What was the purpose of the Constitution?

answer

to outline key ideas in support of the Constitution

question

For the Constitution to be approved, how many states of the original thirteen were needed to ratify it?

answer

nine

question

What did Alexander Hamilton believe was one of the benefits of his plan regarding the national debt?

answer

the plan would enrich investors and promote new businesses

question

Why were Alexander Hamilton's plans to tax the American people opposed by many southerners?

answer

they did not want to bail the northerners out

question

Which cabinet position was established by an act of Congress?

answer

Attorney General

question

Why did some Americans form political clubs, known as the Democratic Societies?

answer

to oppose the Federalists

question

How did Alexander Hamilton's and Thomas Jefferson's views toward the interpretation of the Constitution differ?

answer

Alexander Hamilton believed in a loose interpretation, while Thomas Jefferson believed in a strict interpretation

question

Why did the authors of the Constitution want to avoid political parties?

answer

They believed political parties threatened the unity of a republic

question

What was the purpose of the Cabinet formed during Washington's term?

answer

to advise the President

question

How did Alexander Hamilton plan to handle the national debt?

answer

by selling government bonds to fund the debt

question

How did Congress organize the judiciary system?

answer

13 federal district courts, 3 circuit courts, and 1 Supreme Court

question

Which two parties emerged after the Whiskey Rebellion?

answer

Federalists and Democratic Republicans

question

How did the Alien and Sedition Acts divide American political parties?

answer

Federalists supported the acts. Democratic-Republicans opposed them

question

Why did the Miami Indians fight the Americans?

answer

American settlers took their land

question

What did American gain from the 1795 treaty with Spain?

answer

shipping rights on the Mississippi River and access to New orleans

question

Why did the United States end the negotiations with France during the XYZ Affair?

answer

French officials demanded that the United States pay bribes

question

What were the provisions of the Jay Treaty of 1794?

answer

The British gave up forts on American soil, but kept restrictions on American ships and required Americans to repay their debts

question

In what area did the British keep forts after the American Revolution?

answer

the American territory along the Great Lakes

question

What prompted the passage of the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions?

answer

the Sedition Act

question

What event opened up the Northwest Territory to American expansion?

answer

the Treaty of Greenville

question

Why was keeping peace with the British important to the United States?

answer

the United States depended on imported goods from Great Britain

question

Why did Federalists target immigrants in the Alien and Sedition Acts?

answer

most immigrants supported the Democratic Republicans

question

How did Thomas Jefferson end the Barbary War?

answer

he refused to pay the bribes and blockaded the port of Tripoli

question

Why did Thomas Jefferson resist building a larger navy to fight British impressment of American soldiers?

answer

Jefferson did not want to raise taxes and did not want a large navy

question

How did the purchase of the Louisiana Territory help the United States avoid war with European powers?

answer

it removed French control of New Orleans and the Mississppi River

question

Why did Thomas Jefferson order the embargo against Great Britain in 1807?

answer

to prevent the British impressment of American sailors

question

How did Thomas Jefferson's view of the national debt differ from that of Alexander Hamilton?

answer

Jefferson wanted to pay off the debt; Hamilton did not

question

Why was the addition of land important to Thomas Jefferson's plan for the US economy?

answer

it would allow farm ownership to continue

question

What actions did Thomas Jefferson take to lower the national debt?

answer

Jefferson streamlined government and increased sales of federal land

question

What power does judicial review give the Supreme Court?

answer

to review acts of Congress and the President to decide if they are constitutional

question

What action by Thomas Jefferson did he say was " an act beyond the Constitution"?

answer

the US purchase of land from a foreign government

question

Which of Thomas Jefferson's constitutional principles did the Louisiana Purchase go against?

answer

the principle of limited federal government

question

What effect did the end of the British war with France have on the War of 1812?

answer

it freed large numbers of British troops to fight in North America

question

What was the result of the Battle of Tippecanoe?

answer

the Native American movement lost some of its power

question

What did the Treaty of Ghent do?

answer

it restored the pre-war boundaries between the United States and Canada

question

Why was Andrew Jackson's battle at New Orleans unecessary?

answer

the Treaty of Ghent had already been signed

question

Why did the War Hawks push for the invasion of British-held Canada?

answer

to deprive the Indians of their main source of arms

question

What was the effect of settlers pouring into Spanish Florida after the war?

answer

Spain's decision to cede Florida to the United States

question

What did the delegates at the Hartford Convention demand from the government?

answer

amendments to the Constitution that would strengthen New England's political power

question

What was the goal of Macon's Bill No. 2?

answer

to persude Great Britain and France to recognize American neutrality

question

Why did the American troops often lose battles to much smaller forces?

answer

they were poorly trained and inexperienced

question

What was a surprise to Americans and a shock to the British during the early fighting of the War of 1812?

answer

the small American navy fought well

question

During the early 1800s, what factor contributed most to the South having an agricutlural economy?

answer

the South had fertile soil and a warm climate

question

What is one reason industrialization spread in the Northeast?

answer

more capital was available to build factories

question

What was the overall impact of Eli Whitney's introduction of interchangeable parts?

answer

a wide range of goods could be made more efficiently

question

How did using interchangeable parts change the makeup of the labor force in the early 1800s?

answer

fewer skilled craftsmen were required

question

How did Samuel Slater and Francis Cabot Lowell change early American industry?

answer

they opened textile mills that employed many workers

question

How did nativists respond to increased immigration from Ireland and Germany?

answer

they pushed for laws to discourage immigration or deny political rights to immigrants

question

What was one purpose for the creation of the Workingman's Party?

answer

to protect the rights of skilled workers

question

What is one way in which factory work changed people's lives?

answer

it enabled untrained workers to find jobs

question

What is one way in which southern and northern societies differed in the 1800s?

answer

the South had fewer large cities than the North

question

How did the cotton gin affect slavery in the South?

answer

it created an increase in the demand for slaves

question

What actions prompted John Quincy Adams to write the Monroe Doctrine?

answer

threats from European powers to recover Latin American colonies

question

How did the Missouri Compromise affect the spread of slavery?

answer

it drew a line through western territories to determine future free and slave states

question

What did the Missouri Compromise propose?

answer

Missouri would be admitted to the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state

question

What group benefited the most from the Supreme Court decisions in McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Odgen?

answer

federal government

question

What caused the economic panics in the 1800s?

answer

the supply of goods exceeded the demand

question

What impact did the Marshall Court have on the American economic system?

answer

it encouraged the development of more large corporations

question

What did the United States promise in the Monroe Doctrine?

answer

to stay out of European affairs

question

Which statement best describes US foreign policy during the Monroe administration?

answer

the United States sought to expand its borders into Spanish territories

question

Why was the creation of a national bank so important to the US ecomony?

answer

the national bank controlled the money supply

question

What was the purpose of the Missouri Compromise?

answer

to settle future disputes about the spread of slavery

question

What is the spoils system?

answer

the use of political jobs as a reward for party loyalty

question

What right was granted to the federal government by the Force Bill?

answer

the right to enforce federal laws, including the collection of protective tariffs

question

Why did industrialists favor the national bank?

answer

they believed it promoted economic growth

question

What action affected the second Bank of the United States after Jackson's reelction?

answer

Jackson removed the bank's funds and placed them in state banks

question

Why did Andrew Jackson support the Indian Removal Act of 1830?

answer

Southerners wanted him to remove Native Americans from the South

question

What happened after Congress renewed the charter for the Bank of the United States?

answer

President Andrew Jackson vetoed the bill

question

What impact did President Andrew Jackson's actions in the 1830s have on the economy?

answer

they caused inflation to rise

question

What was the "Trail of Tears"?

answer

the forced removal of Cherokee Indians from the Southeast to Oklahoma

question

How did John Tyler betray his party after assuming the presidency?

answer

he vetoed legislation to restore the national bank

question

How did elections change in the early 1800s?

answer

male voter turnout increased dramatically

question

Which of the following northern groups supported the South in its resistance to abolition?

answer

urban white workers and wealthy industrialists

question

What was one way the overseers punished slaves?

answer

they threatened to separate slaves from their family members

question

Which of the following best summarizes the Gag Rule?

answer

a law that prohibited the debate and discussion of slavery in Congress

question

Which well-known abolitionist spoke about his difficult life as a slave?

answer

Frederick Douglass

question

Why did most free African Americans dislike the American Colonization Society's plan for black migration to Africa?

answer

they had been born in the United States and considered it home

question

How did William Lloyd Garrison's Anti-Slavery Society fight against slavery?

answer

by printing and distributing antislavery pamphlets

question

How did Nat Turner show resistance to slavery?

answer

he organized a slave revolt

question

What measure did some southern states take to prevent a slave revolt?

answer

they passed strict laws and controls pertaining to slavery

question

How were the ideas of northern abolitionists prevented from reaching southerners?

answer

post offices refused to deliver abolitionist publications

question

How did the southern slaveholders claim that the North benefitted from slavery?

answer

they pointed out that the North's textile industry depended on southern cotton

question

What did Margaret Fuller believe?

answer

Women needed freedom to develop the powers that they possessed

question

What restrictions on American women in the 1800s prevented them from having a role in politics?

answer

they were not allowed to vote or hold office

question

In the 1830s, women began to compare their lack of rights to that of what group?

answer

slaves

question

What did Sojourner Truth do that most women of the day were not allowed to do?

answer

she lectured to audiences

question

What movement did Susan B. Anthony help to lead?

answer

suffrage

question

Why did some groups living in America give women a significant amount of power?

answer

they belonged to groups with a matrilineal culture

question

What was one source of division among the women who were involved in the abolition movement?

answer

whether women should be allowed to join in the men's business meetings

question

What led Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton to work together?

answer

their outrage that women were refused full participation in business meetings

question

What was the effect of the Seneca Falls Convention?

answer

it resulted in a few concrete improvements in women's rights

question

What spurred American trade with northern Mexico?

answer

the revolution that established Mexico as an independent republic

question

What were Americans who favored territorial growth across North America called?

answer

expansionists

question

Which statement best describes the effects of the 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie?

answer

the Indians crossed artificial boundaries, setting the stage for conflict

question

What was the purpose of the Treaty of Fort Laramie?

answer

to keep Native Americans away from migration routes used by westward settlers

question

Why were the Great Plains and the Great Basin major obstacles to wagon trains journeying West?

answer

both areas were dry and hot, with few rivers

question

Expansionists used the term "Manifest Destiny" to justify what belief?

answer

the belief that God wanted the United States to own North America

question

What contributed to the rapid growth of the Hispanic population of New Mexico during the early 1800s?

answer

increased safety in the colony

question

Who were the Mountain Men?

answer

young American trappers and traders in the Rocky Mountains

question

Who was responsible for leading the Mormon exodus to the colony of New Zion on the shore of the Great Salt Lake?

answer

Brigham Young

question

During the Spanish colonial period, what group posed the greatest threat to settlers in New Mexico?

answer

nomadic Native Americans

question

What effect did the California Gold Rush have on Mexican Californians?

answer

they lost most of their land

question

Why did the coup led by Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna anger Anglo-Texans and Tejanos?

answer

it sought to undermine their autonomy

question

What did California become during the Mexican War?

answer

an independent republic

question

What was the result of the Mexican army's victory over the Texan garrison at the Alamo?

answer

the fallen defenders became heroes of the cause of Texan independence

question

Why did the United States make the Gadsden Purchase is 1853?

answer

to gain land for a railroad across the continent

question

Following the Mexican-American War, which issue broke party unity and divided Congress largely along sectional lines?

answer

the extension of slavery into territories acquired from Mexico

question

What did the Wilmot Provisio do?

answer

ban slavery in land obtained from Mexico

question

Why was placer mining the most widely used method of mining for gold?

answer

placer mining was affordable to a large number of prospectors

question

During the California Gold Rush, how did newcomers from the eastern United States assert their dominance over California?

answer

they levied a heavy tax on foreign miners

question

What caused frequent violence to break out in mining camps?

answer

men were frustrated by failure to find gold

question

How did the views of the Whigs and Democrats differ from those in the Free-Soil Party?

answer

the Whigs and Democrats embraced the idea of popular soverignty

question

Why did southerners feel the federal government was not protecting their interests?

answer

the federal government did not enforce the Fugitive Slave Law of 1793

question

How was northern society different from southern society?

answer

northern society became more diverse than southern due to heavy immigration through northern ports

question

How did the Fugitive Slave Act favor the South?

answer

it imposed fines for hiding runaway slaves

question

Who suggested that the South should secede from the Union if an agreement could not be reached on slavery?

answer

John Calhoun

question

Which statement best describes the main goal of the Free-Soil Party?

answer

slavery must not be allowed to spread to western territories

question

How did the Compromise of 1850 address the question of slavery in Washington DC?

answer

slavery continued in Washington DC, but slave trading was banned

question

How did the Free-Soil Party influence the election of Whig Zachary Taylor in 1848?

answer

the Free-Soil candidate drew votes away from the Democratic candidate

question

Which of the following describes a characteristic of the North's economy?

answer

it focused on technology and industry

question

What was the overall result of the Free-Soil Party's participation in the election of 1848?

answer

by receiving 10 percent of the vote, it was clear its antislavery platform had captured Americans' attention

question

What was the long term effect of the "Bleeding Kansas" problem?

answer

the North and South became more divided over the issue of slavery

question

How did personal liberty laws increase tensions between the North and the South over the Fugitive Slave Act?

answer

some northern states used personal liberty laws to nullify the Fugitive Slave Act, written to help the South

question

Who was the Underground Railroad "conductor" known as "Black Moses"?

answer

Harriet Tubman

question

What was an effect of the events in "Bleeding Kansas"?

answer

tensions and violence over slavery spread outside Kansas

question

Why did some northerners object to dividing the Nebraska Territory in two?

answer

it would allow slavery to spread north of the line established by the Missouri Compromise

question

Why did some northerners support personal liberty laws?

answer

they resented federal intervention in the affairs of independent states

question

Why did southerners support the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

answer

they thought that granting popular sovereignty would allow slavery

question

What was John Brown's role in the violence that led to "Bleeding Kansas"?

answer

he killed a group of proslavery settlers near Pottawatomie Creek

question

Why did the publication of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" infuriate people in the South?

answer

it showed that some slave owners were cruel

question

What did Harriet Beecher Stowe do that increased tensions between the North and the South?

answer

she wrote a novel that aroused compassion for enslaved people

question

Which US political party broke up as a consequence of the Compromise of 1850?

answer

the Whig Party

question

What best summarizes why part of the nation was upset over the Dred Scott decision?

answer

the North was upset because the decision declared the Missouri Compromise to be unconstitutional

question

What role did Rodger B. Taney play in determining whether or not slaves could sue in the courts

answer

Taney led the US Supreme Court as Chief Justice in the Dred Scott decision

question

How did John Brown's raid impact the national issue of slavery?

answer

it increased tensions over the issue of slavery across the United States

question

During the Lincoln-Douglas debates, which position did Abraham Lincoln take?

answer

slaves had natural rights but were not entirely equal to whites

question

Why did John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry fail?

answer

few black or white Americans were prepared to join a rebellion led by a fanatical abolitionist

question

What effect did John Brown's raid and execution have in the North?

answer

some northerners came to admire him for trying to end slavery

question

What did Roger B. Taney do that increased regional tensions in the United States during the 1850s?

answer

during that time Taney led the Supreme Court, which declared slaves to be property

question

What statement best explains why John Brown's raid failed to unite forces that opposed slavery?

answer

northerners and southerners were not ready to resort to violence to abolish slavery

question

Over which issue did Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas disagree during their debates?

answer

whether slavery should be allowed in states where voters supported it

question

What was the most important factor in John Brown's decision to launch the raid at Harper's Ferry?

answer

Harper's Ferry was a hub of trains and canals, which provided escape routes

question

What contributed to the growth of the Know-Nothing movement in the mid-1850s?

answer

the growing immigrant population

question

What did presidential candidate John Bell condemn during the election of 1860?

answer

sectional political parties

question

When did Lincoln declare that there was an insurrection in the South?

answer

when South Carolina forced the surrender of Fort Sumter

question

What happened at the party convention for the Democrats that affected the 1860 presidential election?

answer

the Democrats split into two parties and nominated two men for President, one from the North and one from the South

question

What was President Lincoln's first response to the situation at Fort Sumter?

answer

Lincoln said he would send food but no arms to the fort

question

What did Abraham Lincoln say in his inaugural address?

answer

he would not interfere with slavery in the states where it already existed

question

What would the constitutional amendment proposed in the Crittenden Compromise have done?

answer

allow slavery in western territories south of the Missouri Compromise line

question

Which presidential candidate completely opposed to slavery to western territories?

answer

Abraham Lincoln

question

What was the effect of Abraham Lincoln winning the election of 1860?

answer

the North and South became two separate political entities

question

Why were southerners outraged about the outcome of the election of 1860?

answer

Lincoln had won without getting a single vote from southern states

question

What was the main result of the election of 1860?

answer

Abraham Lincoln won, as competing candidates divided votes over slavery and regional interests

question

Which Confederate military leader actually opposed slavery and secession and turned down an offer to command Union forces?

answer

Robert E. Lee

question

Why did Abraham Lincoln withhold troops from General George B. McClellan, even as he pushed the General to attack?

answer

Lincoln wanted troops to defend Washington, DC, from Confederate attack

question

What was the effect of the action at Glorieta Pass on the Confederacy's attempt to control the American Southwest?

answer

the Confederates retreated to Texas and never again threatened Union control of the Southwest

question

How did Abraham Lincoln ensure that border states supported the Union?

answer

he insisted that his only goal was to save the Union, not end slavery

question

Which statement best describes the Anaconda Plan?

answer

it was the Union's strategy to surround and squeeze the Confederacy

question

What advantage did Robert E. Lee offer the Confederacy?

answer

strong military leadership

question

What role did Stonewall Jackson play at the Second Battle of Bull Run?

answer

Jackson was successful at outmaneuvering a larger Union force and nearly destroyed it

question

What factors helped the North to produce more arms and supplies than the South?

answer

mechanized factories and a steady supply of immigrants seeking work

question

How did the public react to the Battle of Shiloh?

answer

the public was shocked and horrified by the large number of dead and injured

question

Why was it necessary for the Confederacy to seek the support of Great Britain and France?

answer

the Confederacy needed access to the manufactured good of Great Britain and France

question

What discovery led to George B. McClellan's victory over Robert E. Lee at Antietam?

answer

General McClellan found General Lee's battle plan

question

Union victory came at a cost to African American volunteers. About how many of the Union's 180,000 African American volunteers lost their lives during the war?

answer

About 70,000 volunteers died

question

How did African Americans on southern plantations help the Union cause?

answer

they sometimes grew food for the Union army

question

What was the result of the assault on Fort Wagner by the African American soldiers of the Union's 54th Massachusetts Regiment?

answer

the assault failed, but the regiment earned resect for its bravery in action

question

Where was the first major battle for African American troops in the Union army?

answer

Port Hudson, Mississippi

question

The Emancipation Proclamation freed enslaved people living where?

answer

states still in rebellion against the Union after January 1, 1863

question

Which group thought the Emancipation Proclamation was too drastic a step?

answer

congressional Democrats

question

Why did members of Lincoln's Cabinet urge him to wait before announcing the emancipation of southern slaves?

answer

they wanted to make the announcement following a Union victory

question

Why did President Lincoln reverse General Fremont's order to free captured slaves?

answer

he feared retaliation from the border states, which supported slavery

question

Why did Union General Benjamin Butler declare enslaved African American refugees to be contraband, or captured war supplies?

answer

he would not have to return them to slaveholders in the South

question

What did the Militia Act mandate?

answer

that African Americans to be accepted into the Union military

question

What kind of troops formed the 54th Massachusetts Regiment?

answer

African American soldiers and a white commanding officer

question

How did some formerly enslaved African Americans in the South respond to advancing Union forces?

answer

they served as scouts and spies for the Union

question

How were African American prisoners treated in Confederate prison camps?

answer

they were usually killed

question

How could Northern men avoid being drafted into military service?

answer

by paying for a replacement

question

Which problem was felt especially strongly by soldiers from border states?

answer

divided family loyalties

question

In the North, which group was most likely to face conscription into the military?

answer

men with low-paying jobs

question

What role did Clara Barton serve during the Civil War?

answer

nurse

question

Who were the Copperheads?

answer

northerners who opposed the war

question

What did the Union government tax in order to help meet the cost of the war?

answer

individuals' incomes

question

Abraham Lincoln authorized women to oversee which operations in military installations?

answer

hospitals and and sanitation

question

What is the constitutional right of habeas corpus?

answer

a person cannot be jailed unless charged with a specific crime

question

Where did the Homestead Act open land to farming?

answer

the West

question

Why was Vicksburg key to the Union's Anaconda Plan?

answer

Vicksburg was a Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River

question

Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address at what event?

answer

the dedication of a cemetery

question

What orders did General William Tecumseh Sherman give his troops on their "March to the Sea"?

answer

get supplies by looting, then destroy everything else of value

question

Which act is an example of total war?

answer

vandalizing the enemy's private homes

question

Union General William Tecumseh Sherman burned which southern city to the ground?

answer

Atlanta, Georgia

question

Which principle best summarizes Lincoln's Gettysburg Address?

answer

equality of all people

question

Why did Robert E. Lee invade Pennsylvania and engage the Union army at Gettysburg?

answer

he wanted to demoralize the Union

question

What was the successful Union strategy for taking Vicksburg?

answer

to surround and bombard the city, cutting off supplies

question

At Gettysburg, what action was directed by Confederate General George Pickett?

answer

a failed charge on Cemetery Hill

question

What advantage did the Union forces have during the Battle of Gettysburg?

answer

they occupied the high ground

question

What was the purpose of the Thirteenth Amendment?

answer

to outlaw slavery

question

What advantage was the Confederacy missing that might have turned the war in its favor?

answer

international support

question

What did the Land Grant College Act of 1862 help establish?

answer

state universities to teach agriculture and mechanical arts

question

How did the federal government change after the Civil War?

answer

it more directly influenced the everyday lives of Americans

question

Abraham Lincoln's words "with malice toward none" conveyed what position toward the South near the close of the war?

answer

the North would welcome the South back into the United States

question

Why did the Confederate defend Petersburg so fiercely?

answer

it was a rail link to the Confederate capital

question

How were the lives of Americans affected after the war ended?

answer

Americans became increasingly connected economically, politically, and socially

question

Where did Lee formally surrender to Grant?

answer

Appomattox Court House

question

Where did John Wilkes Booth shoot Abraham Lincoln?

answer

at Ford's Theatre

question

Who was Mathew Brady?

answer

a photographer

question

What was the decisive factor in the North's success in the final years of the war?

answer

greater resources

question

What significant event showed the conflict that existed between President Andrew Johnson and Congress?

answer

Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1866 over the President's veto

question

Which statement best describes the relationship between the Republican Congress and President Andrew Johnson during Reconstruction?

answer

they did not share the same goals on Reconstruction

question

Whose Reconstruction plan was the toughest on the South?

answer

Radical Republicans

question

Which of the following best reflects the attitudes of the Radical Republicans toward Reconstruction?

answer

the South should be punished

question

Which of the following is a political reason that the South needed a Reconstruction plan?

answer

there was no plan in place to get defeated states back in the Union

question

How did the Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments change the Constitution?

answer

The Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments granted citizenship to all and voting rights to African American males

question

How did President Abraham Lincoln's plan differ from the Wade-Davis Bill?

answer

Lincoln's plan did not guarantee African American equality

question

Which of the following is an economic reason that the South needed a Reconstruction plan?

answer

plantations, factories, and other businesses were destroyed during the war

question

Which of the following was part of Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan?

answer

the states in the South had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment

question

What was the main purpose of the Freedman's Bureau?

answer

to help black and white war refugees

question

Who benefited least from a sharecropping arrangement?

answer

sharecroppers

question

What did the government do to reduce violence against African Americans after the Civil War?

answer

it passed the Enforcement Acts

question

Who were the carpetbaggers?

answer

carpetbaggers were northerners who came to the South for opportunities or to help African Americans

question

Why was sharecropping so common among the poor?

answer

this system required no cash investment

question

How did Republicans gain control of southern state governments during Reconstruction?

answer

Republicans sought the support of African American men

question

How did the carpetbaggers affect southern politics?

answer

they became part of new southern governments

question

Why did the Ku Klux Klan attack African American teachers and ministers?

answer

African American teachers and ministers encouraged blacks to vote

question

Which institution most helped African American society after the Civil War?

answer

churches

question

Which statement best describes the Republicans most enduring success during Reconstruction?

answer

they created a tax-supported public school system

question

How did the Freedman's Bureau help African Americans economically?

answer

they provided schools to educate workers

question

What role did the Redeemers play in ending Reconstruction?

answer

the Redeemers organized to put white southerners back into power

question

What was the significance of the presidential election of 1876?

answer

it ended Reconstruction because it led to the Compromise of 1877

question

How did the close of Reconstruction affect the federal government?

answer

the balance of power between federal and state governments was restored

question

How did Reconstruction benefit the agricultural economy of the South?

answer

landowners grew more than cotton

question

Which of the following contributed to ending Reconstruction?

answer

the North focused on other political and economic issues

question

What role did the US Supreme Court play in ending Reconstruction?

answer

the Court restricted the scope of the Fourteenth Amendment by leaving its enforcement up to the states

question

How did the Compromise of 1877 help end Reconstruction?

answer

Republican Rutherford B. Hayes was elected President in return for withdrawing federal troops from the South

question

Why was the Fifteenth Amendment viewed as both a success and a failure?

answer

it gave African American men the right to vote, but ignored the rights of women

question

Which outcome of Reconstruction most likely appealed to both southern blacks and whites?

answer

the introduction of a tax-supported school system

question

Which of the following was a major failure of Reconstruction?

answer

it failed to end the bitterness between the North and the South

question

What effect did protective tariffs have on the American economy?

answer

they made American goods cheaper than imported goods

question

Time zones were adopted to fix what problem?

answer

conflicting train schedules

question

What action did Congress take in response to concerns about the effects of mechanization and industrialization on the environment?

answer

Congress set aside protected land

question

What factor drew farm families to Northern cities in the late 1800s?

answer

job opportunities

question

How did the production of steel change Americans' lives?

answer

strong steel made it possible to build skyscrapers and suspension bridges

question

Which is the best description of an entrepreneur?

answer

a person who invests in a business

question

Why were entrepreneurs an important part of the capitalist, or free enterprise, system?

answer

their investments helped fund the industrial economy

question

How did patents help support the work of inventors such as Thomas Edison?

answer

patents protected inventors and let them profit from their inventions

question

What was one benefit of city life for the new urban dwellers of the late 1800s?

answer

access to mass produced goods

question

The development of what industry was most responsible for advances in mass production?

answer

railroads

question

Why did the number of corporations grow dramatically after 1870?

answer

corporations had access to money and new technology

question

How did John D. Rockefeller use trusts to avoid Ohio laws against horizontal integration?

answer

in a trust, a board of trustees controls the stock of several companies

question

What power did the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) have over railroad operations?

answer

the ICC could make railroads submit their records to Congress

question

What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act?

answer

to prevent companies from restraining trade

question

How did business leaders earn the nickname "robber barons"?

answer

people accused them of using unfair business practices

question

What was the significance of the Interstate Commerce Commission?

answer

it was the first government body to monitor business operations

question

What is one benefit of investing in a corporation?

answer

losses are limited to the original investment

question

How did wealthy business leaders benefit society?

answer

they built universities and libraries

question

What class did the theory of Social Darwinism say had the most social value?

answer

the wealthy

question

What is vertical integration?

answer

a system of controlling all the businesses involved in the phases of production

question

How did Terence V. Powderly change the Knights of Labor?

answer

he abandoned the secretive nature of the union

question

Following the Pullman Strike, how did the Supreme Court rule in the case of In re Debs?

answer

the government had the authority to end labor strikes

question

How did public opinion of labor issues change in response to the violence of the Homestead Strike?

answer

public opinion turned against all labor unions

question

What role did the Pinkertons play in the Homestead Strike?

answer

the Pinkertons were a private police force called in to break the strike

question

Why were immigrants often hired to work in sweatshops?

answer

immigrants would work for low wages in unsafe conditions

question

Which group was most opposed to socialism?

answer

the wealthy

question

What was "wage slavery" in company towns?

answer

a system for holding workers to their jobs until debts were repaid

question

How did low wages contribute to child labor?

answer

low wages meant that all family members needed to work to survive

question

Why was the American Federation of Labor (AFL) called the "bread and butter" union?

answer

because of its focus on workers' issues

question

Who made up most of the workforce in a sweatshop?

answer

women

question

Why did the wars and revolutions in China and eastern Europe lead to increased immigration to the United States?

answer

they disrupted the lives of people in those regions

question

Immigrants from which area were excluded from the belief that American society was a "melting pot"?

answer

Asia

question

What was a difference between the immigration centers at Ellis Island and Angel Island?

answer

most immigrants left Ellis Island very quickly

question

What effect did immigrants' fraternal lodges and religious institutions have on their lives in America?

answer

they helped immigrants feel more comfortable in their new surroundings

question

What types of programs did settlement houses run to help immigrants adapt to their new country?

answer

Americanization programs

question

How did immigrants lure their families and friends to America?

answer

they told them about the religious and political freedoms in the United States

question

What was a hope of people who worked in settlement houses?

answer

they hoped immigrants would blend into American culture

question

What was a benefit immigrants received by living in ghettos?

answer

they ghettos were ethnic neighborhoods that provided familiarity

question

In what way did the 1862 Homestead Act help pull immigrants to the United States?

answer

it provided immigrants with inexpensive farmland

question

What was a challenge faced by Chinese immigrants who arrived in San Francisco Bay?

answer

immigration officials assumed that Chinese travelers would misrepresent themselves to get into America

question

What was one effect of the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882?

answer

it prohibited immigration by Chinese laborers

question

Why was steerage considered the worst accommodations on ships traveling from Europe to America?

answer

illness spread quickly through steerage because it was crowded and dirty

question

What was one reason that native-born Americans felt more threatened by the "new" immigrants than they had by the "old" immigrants?

answer

the "new" immigrants brought different cultures and languages

question

Mass transit served what kind of people in the 1890s?

answer

the middle and upper class

question

What important development helped increase public safety in the 1890s?

answer

electric streetlights

question

What form of entertainment was inspired by religion?

answer

Chautauqua Circuit

question

The growth of population in cities during the late 1800s was known as what?

answer

urbanization

question

How did mass transit systems reshape America's cities?

answer

they made it possible for wealthier people who worked in cities to live outside the city

question

How did city planners solve the public health problems posed by polluted rivers and lakes?

answer

planners took water from reserviors and used filtration systems

question

What was a reason why people left family farms to move to the city?

answer

factory work paid wages in cash, which was not always the case on farms

question

What did the development of the safety elevator make possible?

answer

skyscrapers

question

Midwestern cities such as Chicago, Illinois, drew migrants from what region in the 1890s?

answer

rural West

question

For what other purposes did people living in tenements sometimes use their space?

answer

sewing clothes

question

What restrictive measure required voters to pay to vote?

answer

poll taxes

question

Which black leader argued that African Americans needed to accommodate themselves to segregation?

answer

Booker T. Washington

question

What was the effect of Jim Crow laws?

answer

they segregated blacks and whites

question

What did Ida B. Wells crusade against throughout her life?

answer

lynching

question

How did the Supreme Court rule in cases affecting the rights of Chinese immigrants?

answer

the Chinese Exclusion Act was upheld

question

What enabled southern states to enact measures to disenfranchise African Americans and keeps blacks and whites separate?

answer

the removal of federal troops from the South

question

What organization supported a constitutional amendment to grant women the right to vote?

answer

the National Woman Suffrage Association

question

What goal did women's rights activists achieve by the end of the 1800s?

answer

breaking down barriers to women attending college

question

Why did Mexican Americans living in New Mexico have no representatives in Washington, D.C., to protect their interests?

answer

New Mexico was a territory, not a state

question

Which of these measures was specifically designed to limit the voting rights of the black freedmen?

answer

grandfather clauses

question

In what way did Farmers' Alliances help farmers solve their problems?

answer

they formed cooperatives to push prices up and push down the costs of doing business

question

Why did some political reformers want to create a civil service system?

answer

to make sure government workers had the necessary expertise

question

What were government jobs based on under the spoils system?

answer

party loyalty

question

What practice of the railroad monopolies hurt American farmers?

answer

they charged high shipping rates for getting farm products to market

question

Why did both major parties consider the gold standard important?

answer

they believed that it prevented inflation

question

What was one of the benefits of the spoils system?

answer

it boosted political participation

question

What part of the Populist Party platform directly addressed low prices that were hurting farmers?

answer

the dangers of an inadequate monetary supply

question

How did the Pendleton Civil Service Act reduce the power of the spoils system?

answer

it required hiring certain federal employees because of expertise, not political connections

question

What was Thomas Nast's impact on the American political system?

answer

Nast drew political cartoons that exposed the corruption of political bosses

question

What did the Populist Party support in order to fight against high costs?

answer

government ownership of the railroads

question

In the presidential campaign of 1896, how did William Jennings Bryan represent the Populist Party's goal of building a broad-based movement?

answer

He toured the country and spoke directly to the people.

question

What form of discrimination most directly affected Mexican Americans?

answer

the taking of land

question

Which of the following most influenced consumption patterns?

answer

advertising

question

Which policy did the Populist Party support to raise crop prices?

answer

the coinage of "free silver"

question

What feeling did Li Keng Wong experience on Angel Island?

answer

anxiety

question

What powered the first reliable streetcars?

answer

electricity

question

Which of the following provided Americanization programs for new immigrants?

answer

settlement houses

question

To which group of people did Populism primarily appeal?

answer

farmers

question

Which of the following was a goal of the the Populist party?

answer

support "free silver" to raise prices for farm goods

question

In what ways did cities attempt to solve the problems of crime and fire?

answer

Cities developed professional firefighting and police forces.

question

The Chautauqua Circuit had its roots in _____.

answer

a camp for Sunday school teachers

question

The Populist Party lost power in large part as a result of _____.

answer

the 1896 election of McKinley

question

What caused leaders to push for child labor laws and shorter workweeks as well as for a limit on the power of corporations and trusts?

answer

the Social Gospel

question

What did Progressives hope to achieve with political reforms?

answer

efficient and effective government

question

Which political reform gave people the power to approve or reject laws passed by a legislature?

answer

referendum

question

What did Lincoln Steffens, Jacob Riis, Ida Tarbell, and John Spargo have in common?

answer

they were muckrakers who dramatized the need for reform

question

Which of the following groups made up the majority of those involved in the Progressive movement?

answer

middle class

question

What role did journalists play in the Progressive movement?

answer

their sensational stories increased awareness of the problems afflicting America

question

Why did governor Robert M. La Follette establish a direct primary in his state?

answer

to allow citizens to select candidates for elections

question

Which of the following describes the purpose of a settlement house?

answer

to provide the urban poor with social services such as child care and English classes, schools for children, and programs for adults

question

What power did the recall give voters?

answer

the power to remove public servants from office before their terms ended

question

Which political reform gave people the power to put a proposed law on the ballot?

answer

initiative

question

What spurred African Americans to join with white reformers to found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)?

answer

murder and arson in Springfield, Illinois

question

How did Margaret Sanger believe that she could improve family life?

answer

by educating women about birth control

question

Who raised money from educated black women to set up day-care centers to protect and educate black children while their parents went to work?

answer

Ida B. Wells

question

Which female leader employed a successful strategy on two fronts, lobbying the US Congress while using the referendum process to pass state suffrage laws?

answer

Carrie Chapman Catt

question

Why did Progressive reformers believe in Americanization?

answer

they believed that assimilating immigrants into American society would make them more loyal and moral citizens

question

How did all women in the United States finally secure the right to vote?

answer

the Nineteenth Amendment

question

What helped women in the early 1900s move out of their traditional roles and begin to tackle the problems of society?

answer

education

question

What was the goal of the Anti-Defamation League?

answer

to protect Jews against physical and verbal attacks and false statements and to secure justice and fair treatment to all citizens

question

Why did African Americans form the Urban League?

answer

to help African Americans in the North get settled and find work

question

How did Asian Americans defend their rights?

answer

Asian Americans put their land in their children's names

question

Pennsylvania coal miners went on strike in 1902. How did Theodore Roosevelt's response illustrate a change in the government's role?

answer

for the first time, the federal government stepped in to help workers in a labor dispute

question

How does Theodore Roosevelt's early political career reflect his ideas on the role of government?

answer

Roosevelt was interested in fighting corruption and reforming government

question

What was the purpose of the Pure Food and Drug Act?

answer

the act regulated the safety, labeling, and interstate shipping of food and medicines

question

What was the impact of Gifford Pinchot's ideas about the environment?

answer

Pinchot's ideas inspired government policy that forests be protected for public use

question

How did the Hepburn Act change the government's role in industry?

answer

the act gave the government the power to set and limit shipping costs

question

How did Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal reflect his ideas about reform?

answer

the Square Deal was a program where government gave everyone a fair chance to succeed

question

Which of the following describes Theodore Roosevelt's ideas about the role of government?

answer

to keep the powerful from taking advantage of small business owners

question

Whose advice was Theodore Roosevelt taking when he set aside 100 million acres as federal forests?

answer

John Muir's

question

What was one important way that William Howard Taft's policies differed from Theodore Roosevelt's?

answer

Taft appointed a cabinet official who opposed Roosevelt's conservation policies

question

How did Theodore Roosevelt change the government's role in the food industry?

answer

Roosevelt urged passage of a law to provide federal inspectors in meat-processing plants

question

Why did labor leaders praise the Clayton Antitrust Act?

answer

the act prevented unions from being treated as trusts

question

Why was the Sixteenth Amendment important to Woodrow Wilson's efforts to regulate the economy?

answer

the Sixteenth Amendment allowed Congress to levy an income tax

question

Why did Woodrow Wilson believe that the country needed his program, the New Freedom?

answer

the country's laws did not prevent the strong from crushing the weak

question

Which of the following describes a lasting effect on the Progressive Era on society?

answer

consumer protections

question

What did Congress do to protect consumers from monopolies, false advertising, and dishonest labeling?

answer

created the Federal Trade Commission

question

How did Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom program address the need to "prevent the stong from crushing the weak"?

answer

the program attacked the "triple wall of privilege" that big business used to its advantage

question

How did Republican divisions help Woodrow Wilson win the presidency?

answer

William Howard Taft and Theodore Roosevelt split the Republican vote, allowing the Democrat Wilson to win the electoral college vote

question

Which of the following describes a major legacy of the Progressive Era?

answer

that the government can act to fix economic and political problems

question

What was the purpose of the Federal Reserve Act?

answer

to create a central authority to supervise banks

question

What was a lasting environmental legacy from the Progressive Era?

answer

to expand the federal government's role in managing natural resources

question

What was the goal of Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom program?

answer

to help small business and regulate big business

question

How did the Clayton Antitrust Act help regulate the economy?

answer

the Clayton Antitrust Acts spelled out what businesses could and could not do

question

How was Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom like Theodore Roosevelt's New Nationalism?

answer

Wilson's New Freedom placed strict government controls on corporations

question

How was Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom like Theodore Roosevelt's New Nationalism?

answer

Wilson's New Freedom placed strict government controls on corporations

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