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We've found 19 Boston Tea Party tests
American Revolution
Anthropology
Boston Tea Party
Middle East
One Drop Rule
Anthro101 quizzes – Flashcards 45 terms

Cara Robinson
45 terms
Preview
Anthro101 quizzes – Flashcards
question
What is described in the text as "an invisible package of unearned assets" that are the legacy of generations of racial discrimination?
answer
White Privlige
question
The specific inherited genetic patterns of a person or organism are called its:
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genotype.
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A historical term meant to belittle and vilify "mixed" marriages is:
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miscegenation.
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Personal prejudiced beliefs and discriminatory actions based on race constitute:
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individual racism.
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What rule assigns the children of racially "mixed" unions to the subordinate group?
answer
hypodescent
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Originally, this term referred to a distinct group of people with a shared place of origin, but it is now most commonly used to refer to a country.
answer
nation
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When part of an ethnic group splits off or two groups combine to form a new group that identifies itself separately, this is known as:
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ethnogenesis
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Efforts by representatives of one ethnic or religious group to remove or destroy another group in a particular geographic area are known as:
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Ethnic Cleansing.
question
An individual's self-identification with a particular group that can shift according to social location is known as:
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Situational Negotiation of Identity
question
Sometimes a group of people breaks away from an ethnic group to form a new identity, and, in the past, two ethnic groups have combined to form a new and unique identity. These are examples of:
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Ethnogenesis
question
A person who believes that Italians are somehow "inferior" and therefore refuses to give an Italian person a job is demonstrating:
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individual racism.
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Despite different societies' efforts to divide people into different biologically discrete groups, genetic evidence shows that human variation is:
answer
clinal.
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Anthropological research reveals that most ethnic groups and nations are recent historical creations, our connection to people within these groups is relatively new, and our shared traditions are recently invented. In addition, most members will never meet each other. Therefore, most nations today are:
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imagined communities.
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As part of a territorial conflict in Bosnia, ethnic Croats expelled, imprisoned, or killed the Muslim people who they had lived peacefully next door to for more than five hundred years. This illustrates the concept of:
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ethnic cleansing.
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The Indian American community has broken down many old barriers once held in India, but has chosen to deny efforts by the members of the South Asian Lesbian and Gay Alliance (SALGA) to participate in the India Day Parade. This illustrates the concept of:
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ethnic boundary markers.
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Gender stereotypes are defined as:
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culturally based preconceived notions about the attributes of differences between, and proper roles for, men and women.
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Anne Fausto-Sterling's analysis of biological sexual identity identifies:
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five sexes, including intersexuals.
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The phrases "boys will be boys" and "it's a girls' thing" reflect gender:
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stereotypes.
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Gender is defined as:
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the expectation of thought and behavior that each culture assigns to people of different sexes.
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Gender ideology is defined as:
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a set of cultural ideas about the essential character of different genders that functions to promote and justify gender stratification.
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________ is gender identity displayed through action.
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Discourse
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Geneticists have been able to successfully identify:
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no gene or cluster of genes that determines sexuality.
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Contemporary anthropologists study sexuality:
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in cultures worldwide, including western cultures.
question
Which of the following is NOT an example of the attempt to regulate aspects of sexuality by cultural institutions such as the government?
answer
age of licensed driver
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All of the following are examples of sexuality in contemporary media and politics, EXCEPT:
answer
the debate over U.S. intervention in Syria
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Sexuality involves:
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both personal choices and cultural ideas.
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According to contemporary cultural anthropologists, humans in most cultures engage in sexual activity:
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both for procreation and fun.
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The Victorian ideal of sexuality was heavily influenced by which of the following:
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Christian Teachings.
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The restudy of women's role in the Trobriand Island exchanges indicated that:
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Women and men played complementary roles in the exchange of foods.
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Sex tourists in the Dominican Republic are typically:
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White European men.
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Which type of marriage between two individuals is negotiated in order to form economic and political alliances between larger kinship groups?
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Arranged.
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Which of the following phenomenon is currently placing stress on kinship systems worldwide?
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globalization.
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Which of the following types of descent groups traces kinship through both the mother and the father?
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ambilineal.
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Looking cross-culturally, anthropologists argue that:
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definitions of marriage vary across cultures and over time.
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Individuals learn basic patterns of human behavior from their families in a process termed:
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enculturation.
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Which of the following types of marriage consists of one individual married to one other individual only (most commonly one man married to one woman)?
answer
Monogamy
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Which of the following is a descent group that is constructed through the mother's side of the family?
answer
matrilineal
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Which of the following builds kinship ties between two people who are not typically immediate biological kin?
answer
Marriage
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Kinship includes:
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biological descent and marriage alliances, but also practices such as fostering and fictive kin.
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Which type of assisted reproductive technology involves the implantation of a woman's egg that has been fertilized in a laboratory?
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in vitro fertilization.
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Cousins who are children of a mother's brother or father's sister are considered which type of cousins?
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cross-cousins
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Early anthropologists identified how many primary systems used to classify relatives in the parental generation, including the bifurcate merging system?
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four.
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One way in which humans construct kinship groups is by tracking genealogical:
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descent.
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The incest taboo-rules that forbid sexual relations with close relatives such as siblings and parents-is:
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universal across all cultures in the world.
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Most people in the world practice which type of descent as their primary strategy to track kin group membership?
answer
Patrilineal
Boston Tea Party
History of the Americas
Shot Heard Around The World
Social Studies Chapter 8 Study Guide – 5th Grade – Flashcards 20 terms

Millie Miller
20 terms
Preview
Social Studies Chapter 8 Study Guide – 5th Grade – Flashcards
question
Why did Britain impose the Stamp Act and the Townshend acts on the colonists?
answer
Britain needed money
question
Who was the one to first speak out against the Stamp Act?
answer
Patrick Henry
question
What were some effects of the colonists' protests of British taxes?
answer
The Sons of Liberty were formed. Colonists boycotted British goods.
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Who organized the Sons of Liberty?
answer
Samuel Adams
question
What was the effect of British taxation on the colonists as a whole?
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They started to unite as Americans.
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What did the Daughters of Liberty do to support the boycott of British goods?
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They made tea and wove cloth.
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Describe the purpose of the Committees of Correspondence.
answer
To share news among the colonies.
question
What caused the Intolerable Acts?
answer
The Boston Tea Party
question
How did the Boston Tea Party express the views of many colonists?
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It showed the colonists strongly protested the tea tax.
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What was a Patriot?
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Colonists who opposed British rule.
question
The Intolerable Acts consisted of what three punishments?
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1. Boston harbor was closed to all ships except British ships. 2. The colonists had to feed and house soldiers. 3. British officials could not be tried in colonial courts so they had the freedom to do whatever they pleased to whomever they pleased.
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Who offered to lead men in battle for the relief of Boston?
answer
George Washington
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Which Patriot warned of the British attack?
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Paul Revere
question
Put the following events in sequential order: Battle of Concord, Battle of Lexington, British retreat to Boston, Paul Revere was captured.
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1. Paul Revere was captured. 2. Battle of Lexington. 3. Battle of Concord. 4. British retreat to Boston.
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What battle began with "the shot heard round the world"?
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Battle of Lexington
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Which brief battle forced the British to retreat to Boston?
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Battle of Concord
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Who led the colonists in the Battle of Bunker Hill?
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William Prescott
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Why was "No taxation without representation!" a meaningful slogan?
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The colonists believed Britain had no right to tax them without allowing them to have representation in the government.
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What was the purpose of the First Continental Congress?
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To decide what actions to take against Britain.
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What evidence is there that Paul Revere's ride was successful?
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The British were out-manned at Concord and suffered great losses.
Boston Tea Party
History of the Americas
Social Studies
Stamp Act Congress
APUSH Unit 2 Study guide – Flashcards 33 terms

Roy Johnson
33 terms
Preview
APUSH Unit 2 Study guide – Flashcards
question
Salutary Neglect
answer
An English policy of not strictly enforcing laws in its colonies
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Triangular Trade
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A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa
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Mercantilism
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an economic system (Europe in 18th C) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests
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Navigation Laws
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Promoted English shipping and control colonial trade; made Americans ship all non-British items to England before going to America
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Jonathan Edwards
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American theologian whose sermons and writings stimulated a period of renewed interest in religion in America (1703-1758)
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George Whitefield
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Credited with starting the Great Awakening, also a leader of the "New Lights."
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Old Lights and New Lights
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The "Old Lights" were those who defended the existed order while the "New Lights" were those who embraced the new piety. Due to the great awakening New England became divided into these two fiercely hostile camps.
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Pontiac's Uprising
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1763 - An Indian uprising after the French and Indian War, led by an Ottowa chief named Pontiac. They opposed British expansion into the western Ohio Valley and began destroying British forts in the area. The attacks ended when Pontiac was killed.
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Proclamation of 1763
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A proclamation from the British government which forbade British colonists from settling west of the Appalacian Mountains, and which required any settlers already living west of the mountains to move back east.
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Stamp Act of 1765
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Was issued in order to raise revenues to support the new British military force. Mandated the use of stamped paper certifying the payment of taxes. Colonist were angrily aroused and felt that this act was jeopardizing the basic right of the colonists as Englishmen.
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Internal and External Taxes
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Internal taxes were those on cunsumer goods bought in Am such as stamps; external taxes were taxes on all goods imported from England
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Virtual Representation
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British governmental theory that Parliament spoke for all British subjects, including Americans, even if they did not vote for its members
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george grenville
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Became prime minister of Britain in 1763 he persuaded the Parliament to pass a law allowing smugglers to be sent to vice-admiralty courts which were run by British officers and had no jury. He did this to end smuggling.
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quartering act
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an act passed by the British that allowed British troops to live in the homes of the colonists
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writs of assistance
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legal document that enabled officers to search homes and warehouses for goods that might be smuggled
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declaratory act
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Act passed in 1766 just after the repeal of the Stamp Act. Stated that Parliament could legislate for the colonies in all cases.
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committees of correspondence
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Organization founded by Samuel Adams consisting of a system of communication between patriot leaders in New England and throughout the colonies
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samuel adams
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American Revolutionary leader and patriot
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john adams
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A Massachusetts attorney and politician who was a strong believer in colonial independence. He argued against the Stamp Act and was involved in various patriot groups. As a delegate from Massachusetts, he urged the Second Continental Congress to declare independence. He helped draft and pass the Declaration of Independence. Adams later served as the second President of the United States.
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continental congress
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the legislative assembly composed of delegates from the rebel colonies who met during and after the American Revolution
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lexington and concord
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the two first battles of American revolution, The first battle of the Revolution in which British general Thomas Gage went after the stockpiled weapons of the colonists in Concord, Massachusetts.
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john hancock
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Patriot leader and president of the Second Continental Congress; first person to sign the Declaration of Independence.
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Marquis de Lafayette
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French soldier who joined General Washington's staff and became a general in the Continental Army.
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benedict arnold
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Successful American general during the Revolution who turned traitor in 1780 and joined the British cause.
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patrick henry
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Outspoken member of House of Burgesses; inspired colonial patriotism with "Give me liberty or give me death" speech
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john locke and natural rights
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natural rights: life, liberty, property
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thomas hobbes
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English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings (1588-1679)
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jean jacques rousseau
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A French man who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy
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thomas paine
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American Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer (born in England) who supported the American colonist's fight for independence and supported the French Revolution (1737-1809)
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Olive Branch petition
answer
On July 8, 1775, the colonies made a final offer of peace to Britain, agreeing to be loyal to the British government if it addressed their grievances (repealed the Coercive Acts, ended the taxation without representation policies). It was rejected by Parliament, which in December 1775 passed the American Prohibitory Act forbidding all further trade with the colonies.
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articles of confederation
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This document, the nation's first constitution, was adopted by the Second Continental Congress in 1781 during the Revolution. The document was limited because states held most of the power, and Congress lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control coinage.
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patriot
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A person who supported the colonists during the American Revolution
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loyalist
answer
a person who supported the British during the American Revolution
Boston Tea Party
Great Britain And France
History of the Americas
Philosophers Of The Enlightenment
IDLA US History 10A Module 2 Quizzes – Flashcards 136 terms

Pat Coker
136 terms
Preview
IDLA US History 10A Module 2 Quizzes – Flashcards
question
Boston Massacre
answer
March 5, 1770; confrontation between a mob of more than one hundred Bostonians and a band of nine British soldiers, 5 civilians were killed.
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•Boston Tea Party
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December 16, 1773; Protest by a group of Massachusetts colonists, disguised as Mohawks, against the Tea Act and, more generally, against "taxation without representation".
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•Boycott
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an organized effort to effect economic change by refusing to buy goods as a punishment or protest.
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•Chief Pontiac
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Chief of the Ottawa Tribe. He led his people in a bloody rebellion against the British resulting in the death of thousands of soldiers and settlers.
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•Common Sense
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written by Thomas Paine; called for Independence from Britain. 150,000 copies of Common Sense circulated throughout the colonies and inspired colonists.
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•Continental Congress
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federal legislature of the American colonies during the American Revolution.
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•Crispus Attucks
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a former slave turned sailor who was killed in the Boston Massacre.
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•Declaration of Independence
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formal document declaring independence for the 13 Colonies from Great Britain. The main author of this document was Thomas Jefferson.
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•Declaratory Act
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passed after the repeal of the Stamp Act; declared British authority to make and pass laws for the colonies.
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•Deism
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a religious outgrowth of the Enlightenment. Deists relied on the reasoning power of science rather than on faith. Influenced men like Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson.
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•French and Indian War
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(1689-1763) collective name for four colonial wars in North America, fought between Great Britain and France with Native American nations fighting on both sides.
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•Intolerable Acts
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also known as the Coercive Acts. British legislation designed to punish the American colonists after the Boston Tea Party.
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•John Adams
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future 2nd President of the United States; Represented the British Soldiers in the Boston Massacre trials. Four of the men were acquitted and two were convicted of manslaughter.
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•John Locke
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British Philosopher who's writing influenced early American Leaders. Many of his words were referenced in the Declaration of Independence.
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•Lord North
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Prime Minister of Great Britain during Revolutionary War.
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•Minute Men
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citizen soldiers in the American colonies who volunteered to fight the British at a "minute's" notice.
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•Natural Rights
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rights granted to human-kind by their Creator. Written about in the Declaration of Independence.
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•Navigation Acts
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passed in 1660's but more fully enforced during the 1760's. Listed specific commodities that could be shipped only within the English empire.
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•Paul Revere
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American silversmith and political leader in the American Revolution, did an engraving of the Boston Massacre that was highly inaccurate in its details.
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•Popular Sovereignty
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the political idea that government is created by and subject to the will of the people.
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•Proclamation of 1763
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issued by British Government calling for a halt to westward expansion beyond the Appalachians.
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•Samuel Adams
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American revolutionary leader, helped plan the Boston Tea Party.
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•Sons of Liberty
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secret organization formed to protest the stamp act. dressed as Native Americans and carried out the Boston Tea Party.
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•Stamp Act
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(1765) required that revenue stamps be affixed to all printed documents in the American colonies.
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•Stamp Act Congress
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(1765) comprised of delegates from nine colonies; petitioned Parliament to repeal the act.
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•Sugar Act
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(1764) parliamentary measures designed to increase Great Britain's profits from the lucrative West Indian and North American sugar trade. Placed tariffs on sugar, wine, coffee, and other items imported by the colonies.
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•Thomas Hutchinson
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Massachusetts Governor who three British ships to dock in the Boston Harbor until their tea cargo was unloaded. These ships were the site of the Boston Tea Party.
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•Thomas Jefferson
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future 3rd President of the United States. Main author of the Declaration of Independence; influenced highly by philosophies of John Locke and other philosophers of the Enlightenment.
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•Thomas Paine
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political theorist and writer who wrote Common Sense. This action was considered treasonous.
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•Townshend Act
answer
(1767) four measures enacted to raise revenue to pay the salaries of British governors and other officials in the colonies; taxed a wide variety of imports, including glass, lead, paints, paper, silk, and tea.
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•Treason
answer
any act the intention of which is to overthrow the recognized government or harm the head of state. A person convicted of treason is known as a traitor.
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Abigail Adams
answer
wife of patriot leader John Adams; she urged her husband to take women's rights into consideration if and when the colonies gained independence.
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•Allies
answer
countries or states that unite to benefit one another for a military or other purpose. In the Revolutionary War America were allies with France and Spain.
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•American Revolution
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successful revolt by the Thirteen Colonies in North America against British rule.
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•Baroness Von Riedesel
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wife of a German General; her writings helped to document the Saratoga Campaign.
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•Battle of Bunker Hill
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1775: near Boston; first large scale battle of the war resulting in heavy losses for the British.
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•Battles of Lexington & Concord
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1775: fought in Massachusetts, the first battle of the Revolutionary War.
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•Bayonet
answer
a sword-like stabbing blade that may be fixed to the muzzle of a rifle for use in hand-to-hand fighting.
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•Benedict Arnold
answer
American Revolutionary general and traitor; angry at General Washington he planned to leak Colonial Intelligence but his plan was foiled.
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•Benjamin Franklin
answer
early Revolutionary and diplomat to Great Britain. He was on the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence and later served at the Constitutional Convention.
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•George Mason
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led many protests against the Revenue Acts and was influential member of the Continental Congress.
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•George Washington
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g and Commander-in-Chief of the Colonial Army. Future 1st President of the United States.
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•Guerilla Tactics
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fighting strategy used by the colonials learned from the Native Americans. Included hiding behind trees or fences, striking quickly and then hiding in the forests and never fighting in formation.
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•Hessians
answer
hired German mercenary soldiers.
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•Intolerable Acts
answer
British legislation designed to punish the American colonists after the Boston Tea Party.
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•John Adams
answer
future 2nd President of the United States; influential member of the Continental Congress, helped to reach the terms of the Treaty of Paris.
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•John Hancock
answer
President of the Continental Congress. Best known as the first signer of the Declaration of Independence.
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•Loyalist
answer
colonists who took the British side during the American Revolution.
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•Marquis de Lafayette
answer
French General who helped to train the Continental Soldiers.
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•Mercy Otis Warren
answer
playwright who during the Revolution used her talents to promote the Revolutionary ideology by creating propaganda like poems and pamphlets.
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•Musket
answer
a muzzle loaded gun used in the Revolutionary War by both the Colonial Army and the British Army.
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•Olive Branch Petition
answer
1775: document issued by the Continental Congress professing American loyalty and advancing one last plea to the King to prevent further hostilities.
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•Patrick Henry
answer
member of the Continental Congress; Most famously remembered for saying, "Give me liberty, or give me death."
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•Patriot
answer
name given to people in the colonies who supported and fought for Independence from Britain.
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•Paul Revere
answer
member and leader in the Sons of Liberty. Was used as a courier during the war and is most remembered for his "midnight ride."
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•Richard Henry Lee
answer
member of the Continental Congress. He was the first to introduce the congressional act of declaring independence, seconded by John Adams.
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•Samuel Adams
answer
founder of the Sons of Liberty leading many protests against the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts. He was a member of the Continental Congress and signed the Declaration of Independence.
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•Saratoga Campaign
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1777: fought in upstate New York, it was a victory for the Colonies and persuaded France help defeat Britain.
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•Siege of Yorktown
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1781: last major military campaign of the Revolutionary War; ended in British General Cornwallis' surrender.
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•Thomas Paine
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revolutionary pamphleteer and author of Common Sense.
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•Tories
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Another name for Loyalists.
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•Treaty of Alliance
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1778: between America and France; it stated that neither country would stop fighting until America won its independence.
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•Treaty of Paris
answer
1783: treaty signed by America, France and Spain that ended the American Revolution.
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•Valley Forge
answer
1777-1778: located in Philadelphia; this is where the Continental Army spent a harsh winter. Ordeal speaks to the dedication of the Colonial Soldiers.
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John Adams almost became known as a traitor to the Patriot cause for this action?
answer
Served as the defense attorney for the Soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre
question
The U.S. Constitution made the Continental Congress an obsolete body. True or False.
answer
True. It was redundant.
question
Under the idea of popular sovereignty, who has the power in government?
answer
The people
question
The American Colonists were taxed more than the people living in Great Britain before the French and Indian War. True or False.
answer
False. Prior to the French and Indian War the American Colonists were taxed much less than their British counterparts. This was why the British government was so surprised that they did not accept the Navigation Acts.
question
Loyalists usually came from the ranks of farmers and artisans, the everyday person. True or False.
answer
False. Loyalists were usually wealthy, well educated
question
A secret organization formed to protest against the Stamp Act was?
answer
The Sons of Liberty
question
What ideologies were presented in the Declaration of Independence?
answer
popular sovereignty, equality before the law, and natural rights.
question
Who was the first to use the name, Boston Massacre, to describe the event?
answer
Samuel Adams
question
What chief led his tribe, the Ottawa, in a bloody rebellion against British soldiers and settlers.
answer
Pontiac
question
Deists believe...
answer
in the reasoning power of science rather than just faith.
question
What was the main objective of the First Continental Congress?
answer
to address grievances through correspondence with the crown and parliament.
question
What was declared at the Second Continental Congress?
answer
Independence
question
Has the largest signature on the Declaration of Independence
answer
John Hancock
question
The Sons of Liberty were formed to protest, primarily, which Revenue Act?
answer
The Stamp Act
question
The Navigation Acts were passed in 1760. True or False.
answer
False. The Navigation Acts were originally passed in the 1660's but were not truly enforced until 1760.
question
Free Blacks chose the side of the Patriots in the Revolutionary War. True or False.
answer
False. By the time of the Revolutionary War Great Britain had already issued their Emancipation Proclamation, making slavery illegal. Blacks were often found to have strong Loyalist sentiments in the hope that this proclamation would also cover the colonies.
question
Why were Quakers were often considered Loyalists?
answer
They were religious objectors and stayed out of the conflict
question
What was comprised of delegates from nine colonies who petitioned Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act?
answer
The Stamp Act Congress
question
Who won the French and Indian War?
answer
Great Britain
question
What was the name for the four colonial wars in North America, 1689-1763, fought between Great Britain and France with Native American nations fighting on both sides?
answer
The French and Indian Wars
question
The Proclamation of 1763 called for...
answer
a halt to westward expansion beyond the Appalachians.
question
What are 3 Revenue Acts?
answer
Sugar, Stamp, and Townshend Acts
question
What year were the Navigation Acts?
answer
1660s
question
What year was the Proclamation of 1763?
answer
1763
question
What year was the Sugar Act?
answer
1764
question
What year was the Townshend Act
answer
1767
question
What year was the Stamp Act?
answer
1765
question
What happened to the nine British Soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre?
answer
one was acquitted, six not guilty, and two were branded on their thumbs and went back to the military
question
Is Paul Revere's engraving of the Boston Massacre accurate?
answer
No. Almost everything about Paul Revere's famous engraving of the Boston Massacre is incorrect.
question
The Boston Massacre started as a protest over which Parliamentary Act?
answer
Townshend Act
question
What's wrong with Paul Revere's Boston Massacre engraving?
answer
Paul Revere's famous engraving of the Boston Massacre shows the event happening in the day, when in fact it occurred at night. It also shows the soldiers all lined up in a row with Capt. Preston behind them looking as if he was giving the order to fire. In actuality the soldiers were gathered around the Boston Custom House with Capt. Preston in front of them. There was no order given to fire, the shots were done randomly.
question
Who was appalled by the destruction of personal property at the Boston Tea Party?
answer
Benjamin Franklin
question
Who was the British appointed Massachusetts Governor during the Boston Tea Party?
answer
Thomas Hutchinson
question
Who wrote a rebuttal to the Declaration of Independence?
answer
Thomas Hutchinson, he published it anonymously
question
Author of "Common Sense"
answer
Thomas Paine
question
Wrote the Declaration of Independence
answer
Thomas Jefferson
question
Appointed General of the Colonial Army
answer
George Washington
question
British philosopher who's writing influenced early American Leaders.
answer
John Locke
question
More than 150,000 copies of this pamphlet circulated the colonies and inspired Patriots to break ties with Great Britain.
answer
Common Sense
question
The writing of "Common Sense" was considered as what kind of action?
answer
Treason
question
The federal legislature of the Colonies during the American Revolution was...
answer
The Continental Congress
question
John Locke believed in the "divine right" of the King. True or False.
answer
False. Locke rejected the claim that kings and queens had a "divine right" to rule others. Instead, governments were created among naturally free people as social compacts or contracts.
question
those rights given to a person by their creator, including "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" are ...
answer
Natural Rights
question
John Adams almost became known as a traitor to the Patriot cause for this action?
answer
Served as the defense attorney for the Soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre
question
Has the largest signature on the Declaration of Independence
answer
John Hancock
question
Was one of the first to use the name, Boston Massacre, to describe the event.
answer
Samuel Adams
question
Richard Henry Lee is most notably famous for
answer
Saying "Give me liberty or give me death."
question
Who did the British deport from America after the French and Indian War
answer
French settlers
question
How did The British introduced smallpox to the Native Americans?
answer
smallpox infected blankets
question
The quartering act was just one of the acts in the ______ Acts.
answer
Intolerable
question
To boycott means
answer
to refuse to buy goods
question
British colonists openly defied the Proclamation of 1763 and rushed westward past the Appalachian mountains. True or false?
answer
True... settlers felt they had earned the right to west-ward expand by risking their lives in the new country.
question
Which of the following items was not taxed in the Townshend Acts? Glass lead sugar silk?
answer
Sugar!
question
Which of the following acts was ultimately repealed by Parliament? Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and Townshend Act?
answer
All of them.
question
The Boston Massacre started as a protest over which Parliamentary Act?
answer
Townshend Act
question
Any act with an intention to overthrow the recognized governments or harm the head of state is known as
answer
Treason
question
Who defied French King, Louis XVI's, orders and used his own money to join the American colonists?
answer
Marquis de Lafayette
question
Did the Colonial or the Royal Army have more troops?
answer
Royal Army
question
Who taught the colonists guerilla tactics?
answer
Native Americans
question
Were loyalists usually farmers and artisans, everyday people?
answer
No
question
About how many colonists were loyalists?
answer
1/3
question
Free Blacks chose the side of the Patriots in the Revolutionary War.
answer
nO
question
The Olive Branch petition was issued by the British Parliament in an attempt to end the tensions leading up to the Revolutionary War.
answer
False
question
What was the first major battle of the American Revolution?
answer
Lexington and Concord
question
British General Cornwallis surrendered at which Revolutionary Battle?
answer
Yorktown
question
Which battle was the first American Victory in the Revolutionary War?
answer
Saratoga
question
He helped in negotiating the Treaty of Paris ending the Revolutionary War.
answer
John Adams
question
From Virginia, a strong supporter for creating a colonial militia.
answer
Patrick Henry
question
Which founding father did not sign the US Constitution?
answer
George Mason
question
Planned the Boston Tea Party Samuel Adams
answer
Samuel Adams
question
Dress as Indians and threw tea in sea
answer
Sons of Liberty
question
Laws to punish Boston for the tea party
answer
Intolerable Acts
18th Century
Boston Tea Party
New Jersey Plan
Taxation Without Representation
Three Fifths Compromise
PS – Flashcard 50 terms

Sam Arent
50 terms
Preview
PS – Flashcard
question
1. What was the most common form of taxation during the colonial era?
answer
Taxes on commercial product & activities
question
2. A ________ is a system of government in which states retain sovereign authority except for powers expressly delegated to a national government.
answer
Confederacy
question
3. The Articles of Confederation were adopted in ________.
answer
1777
question
4. Who was NOT appointed to help draft the Declaration of Independence? *** (*) who were appointed?
answer
[George Washington] (*)Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, John Adams, Robert Livingston
question
5. The 1787 convention to draft a new constitution was held in ________.
answer
Philidelphia
question
6. Shays's Rebellion was significant because it ... ***
answer
1. Demonstrated that the present government was unable to protect property rights 2. Proved the government of the confederation had become dangerously inefficient
question
7. The ability of the president to veto a bill passed by Congress is a good example of ________.
answer
Checks & Balance President - veto power over congress legislation Senate - approve presidential appointments Judicial - review of congress enactments
question
8. Montesquieu called ________ the principle of giving each branch of government its own constituency.
answer
Mixed regime
question
9. The supremacy clause ...
answer
(Article VI) "Federal law is the supreme law of the land"
question
10. Successful amendments to the Constitution ***
answer
Are most commonly concerned with the structure or composition of the government
question
11. What clause in the U.S. Constitution affirms that national laws and treaties, made under the authority of the Constitution, are the supreme law of the land?
answer
Supremacy clause
question
12. Which of the following powers do state governments NOT have? *** (*) State government powers?
answer
To coin their own money (*) Power to develop & enforce criminal codes, Administer health & safety rules, Regulate the family via marriage / divorce laws, Licensure (regulate indivicual's livelihoods), Private property
question
13. Which of the following is the best example of a concurrent power under the U.S. Constitution? ***
answer
The power to regulate commercial activity
question
14. The power of Congress to regulate commerce with foreign nations, among the several states, and with Native American tribes is found in ________ of the U.S. Constitution.
answer
Article I
question
15. Which of the following economic policies was the national government allowed to implement during the nineteenth century? ***
answer
Establishing a series of national banks
question
16. What was a major reason that the slogan "states' rights" became tarnished in the 1950s and 1960s?
answer
It had been used by southern opponents of the civil rights movement to support racial segregation
question
17. Which event was most influential in the rise of a more active national government?
answer
The Great Depression
question
18. What have many political scientists called laboratories of democracy?
answer
The States
question
19. ________ is evidenced when national officials fund a project that is actually implemented in the states.
answer
Cooperative federalism
question
20. Which of the following statements about federalism in America is true? ***
answer
???
question
21. Which of the following is true about the Bill of Rights? ***
answer
???
question
22. In West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette (1943), the Supreme Court justices announced that
answer
Children cannot be required to salute the flag if it violates their religious faith
question
23. Van Orden v. Perry (2005) and McCreary v. ACLU (2005) illustrate that
answer
???
question
24. Justice Potter Stewart was talking about ________ when he declared "I know it when I see it."
answer
Pornography? Obscenity?
question
25. Which of the following is true about high school students in public schools?
answer
???
question
26. The takings clause states that government may not take private property
answer
Without compensation
question
27. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) established the right
answer
A defendant in a felony trial must be provided a lawyer free of charge if the defendant cannot afford one
question
28. Which of the following statements about America's prison population is FALSE? ***
answer
???
question
29. The Terri Schiavo case was an example of
answer
The end of life care?
question
30. Which rights do not fall under constitutional arguments in favor of the right to privacy? ***
answer
The right use pornography
question
31. One important cause of the United States' two-party system is
answer
Single-member electoral districts
question
32. Who elects the chairperson for the Republican and Democratic national committees?
answer
The president, if the party controls the white house The party committee, if the party DOES NOT control the white house
question
33. Which of the following statements about Organizing for America (OFA) is FALSE? ***
answer
Established offices in only three states ... CA, NY, Massachusetts
question
34. Which of the following statements about parties in Congress is FALSE? *** (*) True?
answer
True ... 1. Congress is a collection of generalists trying to make policy on specialized topics 2. Members of congress are surrounded by people who know more than they do 3. Members of congress are often unsured of what is being voted on when a roll-call vote is called 4. Members frequently ask their colleagues how to vote
question
35. Which of the following statements about partisan identification in the United States is most accurate? ***
answer
Party identification varies significantly by income, race, & gender
question
36. In contemporary American politics, solid support for the Republican Party comes from the ________.
answer
South & Mountain west
question
37. Historically, realignments occur
answer
when new issues combined with economic/political crises is to mobilize new voters & persuade large numbers of voters to re-examine their traditional partisan loyalties
question
38. From 1896 to 1932, the ________ Party was the nation's majority party.
answer
Republic
question
39. Issues such as the environment, health care, retirement benefits, and taxation are on the political agenda in the United States because ... ***
answer
Contemporary political parties mainly compete for the support of mid-class Americans & these issues are important to the mid-class
question
40. Which of the following statements concerning third parties is FALSE? *** (*) True??
answer
The earliest third parties in the US arose as a result of the great depression (*) True ... 1. Shortlived 2 Adopted by one of the two major parties 3. Support limited by geographic region
question
41. Brief quotes and short characterizations of the day's events in news coverage are called ________.
answer
Sound Bites
question
42. Why do radio stations repeat the news so often throughout the day?
answer
The audience is constantly changing since most people listen to the radio in their cars
question
43. Which of the following statements best describes the changing ownership patterns in the American media? ***
answer
There has been a recent trend toward homogenization of national news as conglomerates have come to own a larger & larger percentage of the media
question
44. Daily Internet users who participate in society and politics through online activities are called ________.
answer
Digital Citizens
question
45. Which of the following is NOT a reason that Americans prefer online news? ***
answer
The accuracy & objectivity of the information found online
question
46. Which of the following statements about the news is true? ***
answer
???
question
47. Which of the following statements about adversarial journalism is FALSE? *** (*) True???
answer
It became an establish practice during WWII (*)True ... 1. Been accused of leading to increase political cynicism among American citizens 2. Permitted the media to gain more autonomy from the political figures they publicize 3. Enhanced the media's population as the "watch dog" of American politics
question
48. Which of the following statements about leaks is FALSE? ***
answer
???
question
49. Which of the following is NOT a reason why a free media is necessary to democratic government? ***
answer
A free media is needed to ensure economic equality
question
50. If a television station sold commercial time to a Republican candidate for governor but refused to sell time to the Democratic candidate for governor, this station will be violating the _________.
answer
Equal Time Rule
African And European Descent
AP World History
Boston Tea Party
Divine Right Monarchy
Father Miguel Hidalgo
Latin American Independence
United States History
World History
Unit 3 – Great War, FLVS U.S. History 3.03 The Great War, The Great War – Exam 3 – Flashcards 61 terms

Joan Grant
61 terms
Preview
Unit 3 – Great War, FLVS U.S. History 3.03 The Great War, The Great War – Exam 3 – Flashcards
question
What is similar between Bolivar and San Martin?
answer
--Led revolutions against Spain for independence. --Both helped other countries throw off Spanish rule.
question
What did the Missouri Compromise do?
answer
Divided the territory acquired in the Louisiana Purchase into two distinct areas. North of a certain line, slavery was illegal; south of that line, slavery was legal.
question
Who was Guiseppe Garibaldi?
answer
--He led many of the military campaigns that brought about the formation of a unified Italy. --Motivated by nationalism, Italians worked toward uniting their smaller states against Austria's rule (1848-1860). --Due to wide regional differences, Italy was not truly united. --Camillo Benso, conte di Cavour was a leading figure in the movement toward Italian unification.
question
What was the Congress of Vienna?
answer
-International conference held 1814-15 to agree the settlement of Europe after the Napoleonic Wars. -Formation of the German Confederation -Total unification would not be achieved, however, until Otto von Bismarck.
question
Who was Otto Von Bismarck?
answer
--Prussia's prime minister. --Increased Prussia's military with the goal of uniting the German states. -In 1870, Bismarck provoked a war with France. In 1871, these southern states joined with Bismarck in a unified Germany.
question
Who was Alexandar II?
answer
--Late 1800s --Russian Czar --Freed serfs and gave them land to develop market economy
question
Who was Alexander III
answer
--Opposed his father's reforms --Jews frequently attacked
question
What were the Decembrists?
answer
--Secret society --Led to revolt --Refused to accept Nicolas I as czar --Government stopped rebellion
question
What happened during Bloody Sunday (1905)?
answer
--Russian troops fired onto protest, organized by Father Gapon in 1905. --Rebellion followed --Czar Nicholas II promised reforms
question
What were the causes of the Russian Revolution?
answer
--The driving force was the shift industrial society. --Czar Nicholas II never delivered on promised reforms -Russians resented WWI deaths -The Bolsheviks, led by Lenin gained control of Russia and transitioned it to a communist country.
question
What was the British East India Company?
answer
--Started British dominance in India during the mid-1700s. --Indians who fought in the British military (sepoys) had to infringe upon their religious beliefs. --Muslim and Hindu sepoys refused to use the cartridges and they rebelled. Led to SEPOY MUTINY. British troops put down the rebellion.
question
What was the British Raj?
answer
--British control in India --Britain created transportation networks to make military movement and trade more feasible. --The Indian National Congress and Muslim League --Swadeshi was a boycott of British goods
question
How did imperialism impact CHINA?
answer
--Chinese government would not directly involve itself in dealings with Western traders. Instead, this task was assigned to special Chinese merchants known as COHONG. --Foreign merchants could only communicate with government officials through Cohong intermediaries. Western traders wanted to remove these regulations.
question
How did imperialism impact JAPAN?
answer
--Initially, Japan resisted trade with the West. -In 1853, US Commodore Matthew Perry visited Japan and forced the Japanese to sign trade agreements with America. --The Japanese saw trade with the West as a way to strengthen their nation, and used the revenues from the trading to modernize and industrialize their country.
question
What was the Berlin Conference?
answer
European countries laid claims to African territory. SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA
question
What was the The Schlieffen Plan?
answer
--Before WWI broke out, Count Alfred von Schlieffen developed a plan to invade France in 1905. --From several points along the border, German troops would sweep through Belgium into northern France and destroy the French armies at Paris.
question
What were the MAIN causes of WWI?
answer
Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism
question
What were the two ALLIANCES during WWI?
answer
Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire Allied Powers: France, Italy, Russia, Great Britain, United States
question
What was the Armenian Massacre?
answer
During World War I, nearly 1.5 million of the 2 million Armenians were massacred. During the war, leaders of an extremist Turkish group took control of the region. Shortly thereafter, Armenian men were killed and the women, children, and elderly were sent on death marches through the desert.
question
What role did the US play in the beginning of WWI?
answer
-The United States was neutral -Entered war after the NOTE (written by German diplomat Arthur Zimmerman suggested that Mexico attack the United States) and the BOAT (American were killed when Lusitania was sunk by a German U-boat) . --War ended 11/11/18
question
What was the Fourteen Point plan?
answer
President Wilson called for peace, a reduction in weapons, and more rights for the people. Treaty of Versailles--limit Germany's capability of gaining strength. Creation of the League of Nations. (US Senate refused to ratify) Austrian-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires ceased to exist.
question
What was the Long March?
answer
China succumbed to civil war between the Guomindang, a nationalist group, and the Communist Party forged an agreement. However, communist leader Mao Zedong survived. He led nearly 100,000 Red Army soldiers on a march seeking a safe haven for communists in China.
question
What was the Salt March?
answer
After Gandhi's release from prison (for organizing boycotts and protests), he led thousands of Indians on a 200-mile march to protest a salt tax levied on the Indians.
question
What was Black Tuesday?
answer
-Stock Market crash on October 29, 1929, known as Black Tuesday started the Great Depression. -The Great Depression began in the United States and spread to every part of the world.
question
Which of the following events forced the United States into World War I?
answer
It was Germany's resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare" that forced the United States into World War I, since this led the Germans to sink ships that were carrying US citizens.
question
The United States responded to the sinking of the Lusitania by doing which of the following?
answer
Issuing Germany an ultimatum and accepting the Sussex Pledge
question
In asking Congress to declare war, Wilson said, "The world must be made safe for democracy." This statement suggests that Wilson wanted to go to war because
answer
He wanted to help design the peace settlement
question
"They joined the war effort on the side of the Allies because they thought it would bring them independence after the war." What nation or people does this sentence describe?
answer
African colonies of France and Britain
question
Which of these describes Wilson's position on the war during the 1916 campaign?
answer
He hoped to avoid war but expected that the U.S. would be drawn in.
question
Which of these events happened last?
answer
France refused Germany's request to remain neutral.
question
Why did Germany abandon the "Sussex Pledge?"
answer
"To stop the supplies going to Britain and France" was the one reason among the following choices given in the question why Germany abandoned the "Sussex Pledge". The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the second option. I hope that this is the answer that has helped you.
question
Which statement summarizes ordinary Americans' attitude toward the war in Europe?
answer
They felt that the war was none of their business.
question
Which of these groups benefited from American trade policy during the early years of the war in Europe?
answer
American banks and businesses
question
Which of the following is attributed to countries who raced to build up their navies after 1900?
answer
militarism, as Britain was the world's dominant naval power and Germany was anxious to catch up
question
What was Germany's greatest problem at the beginning of the war?
answer
Having to fight a two front war between France and Russia
question
Ideas of nationalism within its empire particularly threatened which of these European nations in 1914?
answer
"Austria-Hungary" are the Europeans nations where the ideas of nationalism within its empire particularly threatened in the year 1914. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the fourth option or the last option. I hope that this is the answer that has come to your desired help.
question
When and why was the Great War triggered?
answer
-In 1914 A Serbian assassin​ kills the heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian empire. -Each of the European countries is pulled into the war b/c of alliances with each other in place. -1914 US declares neutrality.
question
Why was the great war considered the first modern war?
answer
-Airplanes dropping bombs, tanks, machine guns, and gas used for the first time in a war. -Trench warfare.
question
What was trench warfare like?
answer
-Soldiers would live in narrow strips of dug out ground and they would shoot over the trench to kill other soldiers in trenches -It didn't result in a lot of territorial gain. -Men would live in these trenches for years -Was the cause of a lot of the bloodshed from gunfire and living conditions.
question
Who were the allies and why was England one of them?
answer
-Allies: Britain, France, and Russia. -We had a natural cultural affinity for England and we had economical gains b/c a major part of our economy was selling to England.
question
Who were the central powers?
answer
Germany, Austria Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire/Turkey
question
What were the customs of U-Boat warfare?
answer
Traditional rules were you warn a boat that you were about to sink so that the passengers could exit the ship before it sank.
question
How did Germany almost make the U.S. enter the war?
answer
-They began sinking U-Boats without warnings and though they targeted British ships, American ships were sunk as well. -They sank the Lusitania, an American passenger ship that had 1200 Americans on board. -He uses diplomacy and gets Germany to agree to no longer ship any more passenger boats.
question
On what platform did Woodrow Wilson run for re-election?
answer
-He runs for election again using the slogan of not going to war and that he kept America out of war and as a result won, however 5 months later America joins the war.
question
What was the Zimmerman Telegram and what did it do in terms of Americans joining the war?
answer
-It was an intercepted letter from german prime minister to Mexico saying that if they joined Germany, Germany would return all the land that the US had taken from them. -This angers the US citizens and incentives the American people to want to join the war.
question
What was the last straw that pushed America to join the war?
answer
-Germany sinks 5 more American boats after saying it no longer would do so.
question
Why did Woodrow Willson feel it was time to go to war?
answer
-After the Germany boat bombings, he asked congress for a declaration of war to make the world safe for Democracy.
question
Casualties of The Great War
answer
-America lost approximately 115,000 -European countries lost millions however. -Most of the casualties in on the European side was due to the spread of influenza flu from American troops to Germany, severely crippling their number of troops.
question
The U.S. government progressiveness during the war.
answer
States would allow the the government to regulate economy for the sake of the war.
question
What was the draft? What reasons did people like or dislike it?
answer
-Everyman between the ages of 18 and 31 and to enlist in the armed forces. -Many Americans didn't like it b/c it felt un-American to them, however were in favor of it because they thought it would unify the nation.
question
African Americans in the draft.
answer
-They were also drafted into labor, but most of them did patty labor, but some did see action serving under France's military.
question
What were war bonds and what was their purpose?
answer
-War bonds were pieces of paper you could buy from the government that you could redeem for more money later; they were seen as the patriotic thing to buy. -War bonds were being pushed so that the war could be funded.
question
How did the market respond to government trying to regulate it?
answer
-The market was much more willing during the war time. -Private sector workers would volunteer ($1/month pay) to work in government agencies to help during the war time.
question
Henry Ford and the government during the Great War.
answer
-The government told Henry Ford to stop making cars b/c it was wasting Iron and to make more tanks. Henry Ford objected but the government forced him by threatening to take over his companies.
question
The railroads during the Great War
answer
The railroads were taken over doing the great war so that they could control timings and make it easier to coordinate things.
question
What did the War Labor Board do?
answer
In return for not holding any strikes, which were seen as dangerous during the war, the workers would receive 8 hour work days, child labor laws,and other things the Union had been asking for, for a while.
question
The Committee on Public Information
answer
-They were in charge of war propaganda who were supposed to explain to the Americans. -They took a different route and demonized the Germans making them look like blood hungry demons. -The propaganda made some people change their German names to their roots.
question
What was the Espionage and Liberties Act
answer
-A law passed that would make spying and treason illegal. -In actuality speaking against the war in any way, even talking agains the draft, was grounds to be arrested for.
question
What were Woodrow Wilson's 14 points
answer
-When going to make the treaty, he made these 14 points of how peace should be reached. -The main points were: -A call for openness -Called for self determination and that the people could determine how they wanted to be governed. -Creation of an international body of nations that would work to mediate problems between countries. -A peace without victory
question
What was it meant by "a peace without victory" and what actually ended up happening?
answer
-Meant a peace without victory -The versa treaty did not reflect it; --Germany had to admit war fault --They were forced to pay for war costs for the other countries -Man people think the stress they were put under led to the rise of the Nazis.
question
Woodrow Willson's League of Nations.
answer
-He gets his league of nations however but congress was against it because they felt America would be pulled into international matters. -Soon later, the league of nations was killed by congress and wasn't allowed to even be considered.
AP European History
AP United States History
Boston Tea Party
Economic Activity
History of the Americas
Strict Interpretation Of The Constitution
United States History-Other
Chapter 20 Section 2 Revolutions of 1830 and 1848 – Flashcards 15 terms

Ken Ericksen
15 terms
Preview
Chapter 20 Section 2 Revolutions of 1830 and 1848 – Flashcards
question
Radicals
answer
Those who favor extreme change (as in Paris- citizens fire on soldiers; Charles limits voting.) (Boston Tea Party)
question
Louis Philippe
answer
King of France chosen by moderate liberals who supported the revolution to lead France in a constitutional monarchy (Similar to Bill Gates)
question
Recession
answer
Period of reduced economic activity; 1840's France caused by factories down and poor harvest; caused another revolution- 1789, 1840, 1848
question
Louis Kossuth
answer
Journalist- led Hungarian Nationalist in revolt to Austria, he lost.
question
Napoleon III
answer
9 million voted for Louis Napoleon; wins presidency and appeals to working class. Declared Emperor in 1852, known as Napoleon III. 90% voted in his favor, scared for their lives.
question
How did the French Revolutions of 1820 and 1848 differ?
answer
1830 resulted in a Constitutional Monarchy; 1848 resulted in the Second Republic with a strong president and wider suffrage for men.
question
What was the outcome of most of the revolutions outside France in 1848?
answer
Most revolutions succeeded at first but they were later crushed and their reforms canceled.
question
What ideal led to the revolutions of 1848?
answer
Liberty
question
How did the revolutions affect Europe's monarchs?
answer
They were threatened.
question
How were the "February Days" and "June Days" similar and different?
answer
Both uprisings included street fighting, but February's ended with the proclamation of the Second Republic, while June's ended with deeper divisions among the classes.
question
What ideals survived despite how quickly most rebellions throughout Europe were crushed?
answer
Equality, Liberty, and Democracy.
question
What were the causes and effects of the revolutions in Europe of 1830 and 1848?
answer
1830 France - Radicals force king to abdicate Belgium - Congress wants to create a strong barrier to help prevent French expansion. Poland - Great powers handed most of Poland to Russia 1848 France- Revolution leads to election of Louis Napoleon ad president. Austria- Books were smuggled into universities Italy- Nationalists wanted to end Hapsburg domination and set up independent republics. Prussia- liberals forced King to agree to a constitution written by an elected assembly. Germany- Frankfurt Assembly offers the king the throne of a united Germany, but he refuses.
question
Who was the "citizen king?"
answer
Louis Philippe
question
What country became independent in 1831?
answer
Belgium
question
How did Louis Napoleon become Emperor Napoleon III?
answer
AP United States History
AP World History
Boston Tea Party
Salem Witch Trials
World History
AP US History Exam Review Questions Princeton – Flashcards 53 terms

Maisie Clarke
53 terms
Preview
AP US History Exam Review Questions Princeton – Flashcards
question
Which of the following statements about indentured servitude is true? a. Indentured Servitude was the means by which most Africans came to the New World b. Indentured Servitude never attracted many people because its terms were too harsh c. Approximately half of all indentured servants died before earning their freedom d. Indenture was one of the several systems used to distinguish house slaves from field slaves
answer
b. Indentured Servitude never attracted many people because its terms were too harsh
question
The Mayflower Compact foreshadows the US constitution in which way?
answer
Posits the source of government power in the people rather than in God
question
The first important cash crop in the American colonies was
answer
tobacco
question
The philosophy of mercantilism holds that economic power resides primarily in
answer
control of hard currency and a positive trade balance
question
Colonial vice- admiralty courts were created to enforce
answer
import and export restrictions
question
An uprising that was not a Native American vs. Colonists uprising, it was a slave revolt
answer
Stono Uprising
question
Something not true about cities during the colonial era
answer
that the majority of colonists lived in urban areas
question
Colleges and universities during the colonial period were dedicated primarily to the training of
answer
the clergy
question
Why the British did not establish a powerful central government in the American colonies
answer
The British cared so little how the colonists lived as long as the colonists remained a productive economic asset
question
The Albany Plan of Union failed because
answer
none of the colonies was willing to share tax- collecting powers with a national entity
question
American colonists objected to the policies imposed by Parliament after the French and Indian War because :
answer
1. new restrictions would hinder New England trade 2. Their rights as Englishmen were being violated 3. They resented quartering British troops now that the French threat was removed
question
According to the theory of virtual representation
answer
colonists were represented in Parliament by virtue of their British citizenship
question
Stamp Act Congress of 1765 was historically significant in that it
answer
represented a first step in colonial unity against Britain
question
Thomas Jefferson relied on the ideas of John Locke in writing the American Declaration of Independence in all of the following ways EXCEPT Locke's belief that
answer
man must submit to the General Will to protest his natural rights
question
Historians often cite Shays Rebellion (1786-1787) as a significant event in US history because it
answer
made many Americans realize that slavery could not last
question
Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government had which power?
answer
The power of negotiate treaties
question
George Washington established the principle of executive privilege in a dispute with Congress over the
answer
Jay Treaty
question
The Age of Salutary Neglect drew to a close with
answer
the end of the French and Indian War
question
Best summary of the strict constructionist position on the establishment of the National Bank
answer
The Constitution forbids the establishment of the bank because creating a bank is not among Congress's enumerated powers
question
Although the Supreme Court was the weakest of the three branches of government in the early days of the republic, John Marshall strengthened the Court by
answer
establishing judicial review in the case Marbury v. Madison
question
The Louisiana Purchase was an important factor in the development of U.S trade because it
answer
gave the country complete control of the Mississippi River
question
As a result of the Hartford Convention following the War of 1812. . .
answer
the Federalist party lost credibility and eventually died out
question
Andrew Jackson accused Henry Clay of using his influence to broker the "corrupt bargain" of 1824 (which cost Andrew Jackson the election) because Clay
answer
was promised a cabinet position if John Quincy Adams was elected president
question
The controversy over the tariff during the late 1820s and early 1830s demonstrated that
answer
economic sectionalism was a serious threat to national unity
question
Andrew Jacksons positions on the Second National Bank and the American System typified his
answer
distrust of large national government programs
question
The Cherokee of Georgia were forced off their land because
answer
gold was discovered in their territory and Georgians demanded that the Indian Removal Act be enforced
question
Brook Farm in Massachusetts, the Oneida Community is upstate New York, and New Harmony in Indiana were similar in that they
answer
were Utopian communities designed to ameliorate the effects of a growing commerical society
question
As a result of the Mexico- American War, what didnt become apart of the United States
answer
Texas
question
'Bleeding Kansas' was a direct result of the doctrine of
answer
popular sovereignty
question
As a result of the Emancipation Proclamation
answer
nearly 200,000 free blacks and escaped slaves joined the Union Army
question
Andrew Johnson was impeached because
answer
he violated the Tenure of Office Act by firing Secretary of War Stantion
question
The dispute over electoral votes in the election of 1876
answer
was resolved by a special bipartisan commission and resulted in the end of military reconstruction
question
Following the Civil War, most freed slaves
answer
stayed in the South and worked as sharecroppers
question
The Know- Nothing Party focused its efforts almost exclusively on the issue of
answer
immigration
question
The Free Soil Party advocated
answer
the exclusion of slavery from any of the new territories
question
The principle of popular sovereignty stated that
answer
settlers in the Western territories, not Congress, would decide whether to allow slavery in their territories
question
What is NOT a requirement set by the Reconstruction Act of 1867 for Southern States readmission to the Union
answer
The state had to pay reparations and provide land grants to all former slaves
question
The scalawags were
answer
White southerners who supported Republican policies during Reconstruction
question
Supreme Court decisions in the latter nineteenth century most accurately
answer
reduced federal power over the states by narrowly defining the applicability of the Constitution to state law
question
vertical integration refers to
answer
control of all aspects of an industry, from production of raw material to delivery of finished goods
question
Passage of Pendleton Act was a direct result of the
answer
failure of Reconstruction
question
Haymarket Affair represented a major setback for the
answer
Knights of Labor
question
Japan was outraged by the American annexation of Hawaii in 1898 primarily because
answer
nearly half of Hawaii's residents were of Japanese descent
question
The "new immigrants" who arrived in the United States after the Civil War were different from the "old immigrants" in that they
answer
spoke different languages and had different customs than most Americans and thus were not easily assimilated
question
The "Ghost Dance" movement among Western Native Americans did NOT stress
answer
nonviolence
question
In the late nineteenth century, political machines such as Tammany Hall were successful primarily because
answer
machine politicians provided needed jobs and services to naturalized citizens in return for their votes
question
Which of the following was the intended result of the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887
answer
Native Americans would be coaxed off reservations by land grants and would thus assimilate into Western culture
question
Muckrakers furthered the causes of the Progressive movement by
answer
alerting the public to the social ills and corporate corruption targeted by Progressives
question
Prior to the administration of Theodore Roosevelt, the Sherman Antitrust act had been used primarily to
answer
suppress trade unions
question
Following the Spanish- American War and the acquisition of territory overseas, in a series of cases known as the Insular Cases, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that
answer
colonial subjects within the American Empire were not entitled to the rights guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution
question
What best summarizes the contents of the Zimmerman telegram, which was intercepted in 1917?
answer
Germany offered Mexico a chance to regain the land it had lost in the Mexican Cession if Mexico attacked the United States and helped prevent the United States from assisting the Allies
question
Wilson's Fourteen Points plan for peace after World War 1 included all of the following EXCEPT a. promotion of universal self- determination b. lower tariffs to promote free trade c. repayment of all Allied war expenses by Germany d. across the board arms reduction
answer
repayment of all Allied war expenses by Germany
question
Buying 'on margin' contributed to the stock market crash of 1929 because it
answer
allowed traders to pay for stock with projected future profits
AP United States History
Boston Tea Party
History of the Americas
King George Iii
Stamp Act Congress
Trenton And Princeton
American History Revolution pt. 1 61 terms

Marta Browning
61 terms
Preview
American History Revolution pt. 1
question
Who was considered \"the first martyr\" of the American Revolution?
answer
Crispus Attucks
question
What two European powers allied with the Americans in the War for Independence?
answer
France and Spain
question
What did the 1766 Declaratory Act declare?
answer
that Parliament had the power to pass laws for the colonies \"in all cases whatever\"
question
British success in the Seven Years' War contributed to the making of the American Revolution because:
answer
the British raised taxes to pay for the debt it incurred during the war
question
During the War for Independence, 5 percent of U.S. males aged sixteen to forty-five died.
answer
True
question
Following the Boston Tea Party, Parliament imposed restrictions on Massachusetts that included closing the port of Boston, curtailing town meetings, and allowing soldiers to be lodged in people's houses. These restrictions were called:
answer
Coercive or Intolerable Acts.
question
The tactics of American resistance to British colonial policy from the mid-1760s through the mid-1770s included:
answer
speeches and pamphlets challenging Britain's right to tax its colonial subjects,mass demonstrations in the port towns.,boycotts on the importation of British goods.
question
Who was not a member of the American delegation that negotiated the Treaty of Paris?
answer
Samuel Adams
question
Which was not a consequence of the 1765 Stamp Act?
answer
Postal service was restricted to only those willing to obey the law.
question
Who was appointed the military commander of the army during the Second Continental Congress?
answer
George Washington
question
Thomas Paine's January 1776 pamphlet Common Sense argued all of the following except:
answer
It was common sense that in the struggle for independence, the slaves to whom Lord Dunmore offered freedom ought to be freed.
question
In the 1760s, \"liberty\" became the foremost slogan of colonial resistance.
answer
True
question
The Tea Act raised the price of British tea in the colonies.
answer
False
question
The American Declaration of Independence has been an inspirational political document for peoples around the world.
answer
True
question
The Coercive Acts were known as the Abominable Acts in the colonies.
answer
False
question
Sons of Liberty (1765) were said to oppose \"every limitation of trade and duty on it.\" In this context, define \"duty.\"
answer
tax
question
The idea that the United States has a special mission to serve as a symbol of freedom, a refuge from tyranny, and a model for the world is called by historians:
answer
American exceptionalism.
question
By \"unalienable rights\" Thomas Jefferson meant rights so basic that no government could take them away.
answer
True
question
By the time of the Stamp Act crisis, \"natural rights\" had eclipsed the \"rights of freeborn Englishmen\" in the language of colonial protest.
answer
False
question
The British imposed a direct tax (also called an \"internal tax\") for the first time on colonists with the:
answer
Stamp Act
question
Which of the following was not a British law forbidding colonial manufacture?
answer
the Molasses Act of 1733
question
The two southern colonies that did not enroll free blacks and slaves to fight were:
answer
South Carolina and Georgia.
question
Which of the following was not a part of the balance of power between the British and American forces during the Revolution?
answer
The British public was ambivalent over a war to retain the colonies; the American public was united behind a war for independence.
question
In September 1780, the able American commander ____________ turned traitor to the American cause and almost turned West Point over to the British.
answer
Benedict Arnold
question
More Americans than Frenchmen participated in George Washington's decisive victory at Yorktown.
answer
False
question
The Declaration of Independence:
answer
declared the United States independent of British rule.
question
The Carolina \"Regulators\" of the mid-1760s were:
answer
a group of wealthy residents of the backcountry who protested the lack of courts and lack of representation in the colonial governance.
question
By 1780, demoralization within the patriots' ranks was widespread.
answer
True
question
The 1764 Sugar Act provoked the colonists by increasing the tax on molasses imported into North America.
answer
False
question
What did the Sugar Act of 1764 do that so vexed the colonists due to the already existing tax on molasses imported from the French West Indies?
answer
Decreased it
question
When, on April 19, 1775, British soldiers marched from Boston to the nearby town of Concord to seize a cache of weapons, some forty-nine Americans and seventy-three British soldiers died in skirmishes.
answer
True
question
\"Liberty\" was the foremost popular rallying cry in the Age of Revolution that began in British North America and spread to Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean.
answer
True
question
By late 1774, colonial Committees of Safety had begun transferring effective power from established colonial governments (under British control) to grassroots bodies; by 1775, some 7,000 men were serving on local committees throughout the colonies.
answer
True
question
Which was not part of the Boston Massacre on March 5, 1770?
answer
It witnessed tea thrown into Boston Harbor and an Indian massacre.
question
Which of the \"founding fathers\" argued that Parliament had no right to authorize the Writs of Assistance to combat smuggling?
answer
James Otis
question
During the Revolution, the British took great care not to disrupt the lives of American civilians.
answer
False
question
By substituting \"pursuit of happiness\" for \"property,\" Jefferson's Declaration of Independence significantly broadened the American conception of freedom.
answer
True
question
At the beginning of the war, George Washington refused to accept black recruits.
answer
True
question
Which of the following did the Stamp Act affect?
answer
newspapers
question
Who won the Revolutionary War?
answer
Americans
question
Some slaves gained their freedom by serving as soldiers during the Revolution.
answer
True
question
Urban merchants had particular reservations about colonial boycotts of British goods.
answer
True
question
Who engraved the image of the Boston Massacre that became one of the most influential pieces of political propaganda of the Revolutionary Era?
answer
Paul Revere
question
The first battle of the war was very successful for George Washington.
answer
False
question
Which of the following does not help explain the electrifying impact of Thomas Paine's Common Sense?
answer
an insistence that America stood ready to supplant Britain as the world's supreme imperial power
question
The Daughters of Liberty were:
answer
women who spun and wove cloth during the 1768 Townshend Duties boycott.
question
The final decisive victory in the War for Independence was:
answer
Cornwallis's defeat at Yorktown.
question
Committees of Correspondence in the colonies during the 1760s:
answer
were a group of colonial elites who exchanged ideas and information about resistance to the Sugar, Currency, and Stamp Acts.
question
On October 17, 1777, the Americans scored an important victory against British forces at:
answer
Saratoga
question
Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?
answer
Boston Tea Party; Olive Branch Petition; publication of Common Sense; Declaration of Independence
question
Opposition to the Stamp Act was the first great drama of the revolutionary era.
answer
True
question
Which was not part of the Boston Tea Party?
answer
John Adams was sent to prison on December 17, 1773.
question
The Stamp Act crisis was, in part, a battle to define and extend liberty in colonial America.
answer
True
question
Which of the following was not a feature of the Stamp Act crisis of 1765?
answer
The Stamp Act was passed by the Stamp Act Congress as a way to subvert the power of Parliament to tax the colonies.
question
When colonists insisted that because they were not represented in Parliament they could not be taxed by the British government, the British replied that they were represented by:
answer
virtual representation.
question
As tensions between Britain and the colonies mounted, social conflict within the colonies faded.
answer
False
question
The First Continental Congress met for:
answer
two months
question
Which of the following was not a feature of the 1774 Intolerable Acts?
answer
the repression of Catholicism in the colonies
question
Which of the following was not a source of misgivings in the colonies over the prospect of a complete break with Britain?
answer
fear that England's withdrawal from North America would leave the former colonies open to frontier conflict with the Spanish
question
During the 1760s, backcountry protesters in the Carolinas were known as:
answer
Regulators
question
At Trenton, Washington staged a surprise attack on Hessian mercenaries in the service of the British.
answer
True
AP United States History
AP World History
Boston Tea Party
History of the Americas
John Adams
APUSH Chapter 5 Vocab 74 terms

Pat Coker
74 terms
Preview
APUSH Chapter 5 Vocab
question
Parliamentary Sovereignty
answer
principle that emphasized the power of Parliament to govern colonial affairs as the preeminent authority
question
Virtual representation
answer
an idea that although the colonists didn't elect members of Parliament, they were still represented by it, because they were part of the British Empire
question
Loyalists
answer
colonists who, throughout the conflict with Great Britain, sided with the king and Parliament; also called Tories; believed American liberty would promote social anarchy
question
Pontiac's Rebellion (1763)
answer
a formidable Native American resistance against American colonists; the native peoples of the backcountry attacked, showing the weakness of the British army stationed there
question
Proclamation of 1763
answer
Declaration by the king of England stating that Americans could not move West past the Appalachian Mountains because it would provoke the Natives
question
Sugar Act (1764)
answer
a tax placed on the colonists by Parliament on sugar, molasses, and rum in an attempt to raise money
question
Quartering Act (1765)
answer
part of the Intolerable Acts; required colonists to give quarter to British soldiers, either by building them or letting them stay in their house
question
Stamp Act (1765)
answer
a law passed by Parliament to raise revenue in America by taxing all paper; outraged everyone
question
Patrick Henry
answer
member of the House of Burgesses that proposed five resolutions protesting the Stamp Act on the floor of the assembly, creating the Virginia Resolves, which sparked interest along the coast
question
Stamp Act Congress
answer
Meeting of colonial delegates in NYC in October 1765 to protest the Stamp Act
question
Sons and Daughters of Liberty
answer
Men and women from middle and lower-class backgrounds used violence to denounce the Stamp Act; started by Sam Adams, Patrick Henry, and James Otis
question
Declaratory Act (1766)
answer
an act passed by the House of Commons that trumpeted the defense of Parliament's supremacy over the Americans \"in all cases whatsoever\" to not seem weak by repealing the Stamp Act
question
Townshend Acts (1767)
answer
a tax on paint, glass, tea, and lead created by Charles Townshend, the chancellor of the exchequer; creates massive anger in the colonies, ultimately leads to the Boston Massacre
question
Writs of assistance
answer
part of the Townshend Acts; legal document issued by Britain that enabled officers to search homes and warehouses for smuggled goods
question
Salutary neglect
answer
a hands-off policy of e=England towards its American colonies during the first half of the 1700s under the reigns of King George I and II; would be put to an end by King George III
question
John Dickinson
answer
author of the book Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer
question
Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer
answer
written by John Dickinson, which damns the Townshend Acts
question
Samuel Adams
answer
founder of the Sons of Liberty and one of the most vocal patriots for independence; signed the Declaration of Independence
question
James Otis
answer
a colonial lawyer who defended colonial merchants who were accused of smuggling; argued against the writs of assistance and the Stamp Act.
question
Massachusetts Circular Letter
answer
written by Samuel Adams, urging the colonies to unite against the Townshend Acts and follow a statute of non-importation
question
Lord Frederick North
answer
Prime Minister of England who repealed the Townshend Acts, yet reacted harshly to American Resistance; was known as a \"yes man\" to George III
question
Boston Massacre (1770)
answer
a violent confrontation between British troops and a Boston mob on March 5, 1770 in which 5 citizens were killed when the troops fired into the crowd; inflamed anti-British feelings
question
Crispus Attucks
answer
First man killed in the Boston Massacre
question
Committees of Correspondence
answer
vast communication network formed in Massachusetts and other colonies to communicate grievances and provide colonists with evidence of British oppression
question
Gaspee incident
answer
The British customs ship ran aground off the coast of Massachusetts, where colonists dressed up as Indians and burned the ship in protest of the
question
Tea Act (1773)
answer
Gave the East India Tea Company monopoly in the colonies over all tea sold; lowered the price of imported tea, and led to the Boston Tea Party
question
King George III
answer
King of England who is ultimately responsible for the American Revolution through his inadequacies
question
Whigs
answer
a political faction of Parliament that opposed royal influence in government and wanted to increase the reach of Parliament
question
Parliament
answer
the lawmaking branch of Great Britain; responsible for passing all acts against the American colonies and ultimately causing the American Revolution
question
Boston Tea Party (1773)
answer
demonstration by the Sons of Liberty who (disguised as Indians) raided three British ships in the Boston harbor and dumped £10,000 worth of tea into the sea in protest of the Tea Act
question
Intolerable Acts
answer
another name for the Coercive Acts
question
Coercive Acts (1774)
answer
the four pieces of legislation passed by Parliament in response to the Boston Tea Party meant to punish the colonies; include the Boston Port Bill, Massachusetts Government Act, Administration of Justice Act, Quartering Act; known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts
question
Nonimportation
answer
a policy adapted by American merchants which pledged not to import or use goods from Great Britain
question
Port Bill
answer
Part of the Coercive Acts; closed the Boston Port until the 10,000 pounds lost in the Boston Tea Party was paid back in full
question
Massachusetts Government Act
answer
part of the Coercive Acts; stated that members of the Massachusetts Assembly would be appointed by the king; gave British officials more authority
question
Administration of Justice Act
answer
part of the Coercive Acts; stated that any British official accused of committing a crime in the colonies had the option of being tried in England; irritated American lawyers
question
Quebec Act (1774)
answer
part of the Coercive Acts; allowed the French to move into territory the American colonists were previously not allowed to go; enraged the colonists
question
Enlightenment
answer
philosophical and intellectual movement that began in Europe during the 18th century; John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were part of it
question
John Locke
answer
English philosopher who advocated the idea of a \"social contract\" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; part of the Enlightenment and a large influence to the Declaration of Independence
question
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
answer
a French man of the Enlightenment who believed that human beings are naturally good and free and can rely on their instincts; government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy
question
First Continental Congress (1774)
answer
Met to determine how to react to the threat to their rights and liberties; conservatives supported the Galloway Plan, the Radicals supported the Suffolk Resolves; ultimately called for stoppage of all trade with England
question
Patrick Henry
answer
outspoken member of House of Burgesses; inspired colonial patriotism with \"give me liberty or give me death\" speech
question
John Adams
answer
Massachusetts attorney and politician who was a strong believer in colonial independence; argued against the Stamp Act and was involved in various patriot groups; as a delegate from Massachusetts, he urged the Second Continental Congress to declare independence.
question
George Washington
answer
military commander of the American Revolution; first president of the United States, who set many precedents for the way government would work
question
John Dickinson
answer
delegate of Pennsylvania, who led a group that favored quick reconciliation with Great Britain as opposed to independence; wrote the Olive Branch Petition and the Articles of Confederation
question
John Jay
answer
United States diplomat and jurist who negotiated peace treaties with Britain and served as the first chief justice of the United States Supreme Court; signed the Treaty of Paris
question
Joseph Galloway
answer
Pennsylvania delegate to first continental congress in 1774 who proposed a plan of union between England and the colonies; forefront leader of the conservative faction
question
Suffolk Resolves
answer
the First Continental Congress endorsed Massachusetts's declaration that the colonies need not obey the 1773 Coercive Acts, since they infringed upon basic liberties; was trumpeted by Samuel Adams
question
Valley Forge
answer
Pennsylvania site of Washington's continental army encampment during the winter of 1777-1778; allowed for Washington to regroup and train his ragtag army
question
Continentals
answer
paper bills issued by the Continental Congress to finance the revolution; supposed to be exchanged for silver but the overprinting of bills made them virtually worthless
question
George Rogers Clark
answer
leader of a small patriot force that captured British-controlled fort Vincennes in the Ohio Valley; secured the Northwest Territory for America
question
Battle of Saratoga
answer
turning point of the American Revolution; convinced the French to give the U.S. military support by showing them that the Americans had the potential to beat their enemy; lifted American spirits, ended the British threat in New England by taking control of the Hudson River
question
Absolute Monarch
answer
ruler with complete control over the government and the lives of the people
question
Battle of Yorktown
answer
last major battle of the Revolution; Cornwallis and his troops were trapped in the Chesapeake Bay, sandwiched between the French navy and the American army. he surrendered October 19, 1781
question
Economic sanctions
answer
boycotts, embargoes, and other economic measures that the colonies used to pressure Britain into changing its policies
question
Declarations of Rights and Grievances
answer
a document created during the Committees of Correspondence of 1765 that petitioned for the repeal of the Stamp Act, for it went beyond controlling colonial trade which was the accepted role of commerce taxation in the colonies
question
Paul Revere
answer
silversmith whose sketch of the Boston Massacre was propaganda for the patriots; \"the British are coming\"
question
William Dawes
answer
one of the leaders of the Sons of Liberty who rode with Paul Revere to Lexington to warn them that the British where coming
question
Minutemen
answer
members of a militia during the American Revolution who could be ready to fight in sixty seconds
question
Lexington
answer
famous for being the site of the opening shots of the first engagement of the American Revolution
question
Concord
answer
the search for weapons by the British turned up nothing; part of the first battle of the American Revolution
question
Battle of Bunker Hill
answer
the first major battle of the American Revolution; showed the strength of both armies
question
Second Continental Congress (1775)
answer
organized the continental army, called on the colonies to send troops, selected George Washington to lead the army, and appointed the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence
question
Treaty of Paris (1783)
answer
September; between America, Great Britain, France and Spain; ended the war and defined the boundaries of America: Canada in the North, Mississippi River to the West, and Florida to the South
question
Declaration of the Causes and Necessities for Taking up Arms
answer
a declaration by the representatives of the United Colonies of North America, setting forth the causes and necessity of their taking up arms; \"our cause is just, our union is perfect\"
question
Olive Branch Petition
answer
Peace petition sent to King George III by the Second Continental Congress professing their loyalty to Great Britain while still asking that he repeal the Coercive Acts
question
Prohibitory Act (1775)
answer
act by Britain that stated all colonists were in a state of rebellion unless they begged otherwise; also launched a form of economic warfare through blockade against the colonies
question
Thomas Paine
answer
revolutionary writer, author of Common Sense; believed in total independence from Britain
question
Common Sense
answer
revolutionary pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1776 calling for independence and a republican government in America
question
Declaration of Independence
answer
the document approved by representatives of the American colonies in 1776 that stated their grievances against the British monarch and declared their independence.
question
Thomas Jefferson
answer
a delegate from Virginia at the Second Continental Congress and writer of the Declaration of Independence; later served as the third President of the United States
question
Patriots
answer
American colonists who were against the oppression of the British crown and fought against them in the American Revolution
question
Mary McCauley (Molly Pitcher)
answer
heroine of the American Revolution who carried water to soldiers during the Battle of Monmouth court house and took over her husband's gun when he was overcome by heat
question
Deborah Sampson
answer
a woman who fought in the American Revolution disguised as a man
American Revolution
Boston Tea Party
First Great Awakening
History of the Americas
Modern World History
World History
U.S History Practice Q’s ✨ – Flashcards 21 terms

Jessica Forbes
21 terms
Preview
U.S History Practice Q’s ✨ – Flashcards
question
1. What effect did the enlightenment have on political thought in the colonies?
answer
D. colonist began to question the authority of the British monarchy.
question
2. The Declaration of Independence elaborates on the enlightenment idea of
answer
A. natural rights
question
3. Which of the following belongs in the empty box above?
answer
B. The great compromise
question
4. The idea included in the excerpt from the Declaration of Independence can be attributed to
answer
A. John Locke
question
5. Key decisions of the Supreme Court under the leadership of John Marshall solidified the power of the Supreme Court to
answer
D. review the constitutionality of state and federal laws
question
6. The acquisition of an American overseas empire during the late 1890s created legal controversies concerning the
answer
C. constitutional rights of the inhabitants of the new American territories
question
7. During the late 19th century, the above sequence of events resulted in the
answer
A. disfranchisement of most African Americans in the south
question
8. Which shaded area on the map was least industrialized in the second half of the 1800s ?
answer
D. area D
question
9. The railroad Building boom during the nineteenth century contributed to
answer
D. the rapid industrialization of the United States
question
10. The first great awakening of the 1730s and 1740s was primarily a
answer
B. revival of evangelical religion that spread through the colonies
question
11. What would be considered a significant social effect of the First Great Awakening?
answer
D. the colonists began to challenge the hierarchical structure of existing religious denominations
question
12. Lord Baltimore established the Maryland colony in response to
answer
D. discrimination against Roman Catholics in England.
question
13. The primary religious of the 1960 presidential election in the United Stated was
answer
A. the catholic faith of John F. Kennedy
question
14. Growing anti-Catholic sentiment in the United States during the first half of the twentieth century was related to
answer
A. increasing immigration from southern and Eastern Europe.
question
15. Which religious group has had the greatest increase in membership die to the increasing immigration from Latin American countries to the United States over the last fifty years?
answer
B. Catholics
question
16. The first amendment to the I.S Constitution prohibiting the federal government from making any law "respecting an establishment of religion," was one response to the
answer
C. religious persecution exhibited by the Church of England
question
17. Which of the following was an effect of the publication of upton sinclair's the jungle (1906) ?
answer
C. in influenced the passage of the meat inspection act
question
18. The Americanization movement of the early twentieth century sought to
answer
A. assimilate ethnic immigrant groups into the dominant culture
question
19. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, urban immigrants generally supported local political machines that
answer
C. provided essential service to the immigrants
question
20. The muckraking journalists associated with the progressive Era were known primarily for their
answer
A. willingness to expose the corruption of U.S society
question
21. Fords production of model t's in the early 20th century demonstrated the economic relationship between specialization and
answer
B. greater efficiencies in production
AP United States History
Boston Tea Party
British North America
French West Indies
History of the Americas
Stamp Act Congress
American History Chapter 5 – Flashcards 53 terms

James Hopper
53 terms
Preview
American History Chapter 5 – Flashcards
question
When colonists insisted that because they were not represented in Parliament they could not be taxed by the British government, the British replied that they were represented by
answer
virtual representation.
question
Which of the following was not a feature of the Stamp Act crisis of 1765
answer
The Stamp Act was passed by the Stamp Act Congress as a way to subvert the power of Parliament to tax the colonies.
question
The Daughters of Liberty were
answer
women who spun and wove cloth during the 1768 Townshend Duties boycott
question
The tactics of American resistance to British colonial policy from the mid-1760s through the mid-1770s included
answer
all of the above.
question
Which of the following was not a feature of the 1774 Intolerable Acts
answer
the repression of Catholicism in the colonies
question
Who engraved the image of the Boston Massacre that became one of the most influential pieces of political propaganda of the Revolutionary Era
answer
Paul Revere
question
What did the 1766 Declaratory Act declare
answer
that Parliament had the power to pass laws for the colonies "in all cases whatever"
question
Which was not a consequence of the 1765 Stamp Act
answer
c. Postal service was restricted to only those willing to obey the law.
question
Who was not a member of the American delegation that negotiated the Treaty of Paris
answer
Samuel Adams
question
Committees of Correspondence in the colonies during the 1760s
answer
were a group of colonial elites who exchanged ideas and information about resistance to the Sugar, Currency, and Stamp Acts.
question
Which of the following was not a source of misgivings in the colonies over the prospect of a complete break with Britain
answer
fear that England's withdrawal from North America would leave the former colonies open to frontier conflict with the Spanish
question
What two European powers allied with the Americans in the War for Independence
answer
France and Spain
question
Who won the Revolutionary War
answer
Americans
question
Which of the "founding fathers" argued that Parliament had no right to authorize the Writs of Assistance to combat smuggling
answer
James Otis
question
Who was appointed the military commander of the army during the Second Continental Congress
answer
George Washington
question
The Declaration of Independence
answer
declared the United States independent of British rule.
question
What did the Sugar Act of 1764 do that so vexed the colonists due to the already existing tax on molasses imported from the French West Indies
answer
It decreased it.
question
The idea that the United States has a special mission to serve as a symbol of freedom, a refuge from tyranny, and a model for the world is called by historians
answer
American exceptionalism.
question
Following the Boston Tea Party, Parliament imposed restrictions on Massachusetts that included closing the port of Boston, curtailing town meetings, and allowing soldiers to be lodged in people's houses
answer
These restrictions were called. Coercive or Intolerable Acts.
question
Which of the following does not help explain the electrifying impact of Thomas Paine's Common Sense
answer
an insistence that America stood ready to supplant Britain as the world's supreme imperial power
question
Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence
answer
Boston Tea Party; Olive Branch Petition; publication of Common Sense; Declaration of Independence
question
The Carolina "Regulators" of the mid-1760s were
answer
a group of wealthy residents of the backcountry who protested the lack of courts and lack of representation in the colonial governance.
question
Thomas Paine's January 1776 pamphlet Common Sense argued all of the following except
answer
It was common sense that in the struggle for independence, the slaves to whom Lord Dunmore offered freedom ought to be freed.
question
In the 1760s, "liberty" became the foremost slogan of colonial resistance
answer
True
question
Urban merchants had particular reservations about colonial boycotts of British goods
answer
True
question
Opposition to the Stamp Act was the first great drama of the revolutionary era
answer
True
question
When, on April 19, 1775, British soldiers marched from Boston to the nearby town of Concord to seize a cache of weapons, some forty-nine Americans and seventy-three British soldiers died in skirmishes
answer
True
question
The Tea Act raised the price of British tea in the colonies
answer
False
question
"Liberty" was the foremost popular rallying cry in the Age of Revolution that began in British North America and spread to Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean
answer
True
question
During the Revolution, the British took great care not to disrupt the lives of American civilians
answer
False
question
By the time of the Stamp Act crisis, "natural rights" had eclipsed the "rights of freeborn Englishmen" in the language of colonial protest
answer
False
question
More Americans than Frenchmen participated in George Washington's decisive victory at Yorktown
answer
False
question
As tensions between Britain and the colonies mounted, social conflict within the colonies faded
answer
False
question
The American Declaration of Independence has been an inspirational political document for peoples around the world
answer
True
question
By substituting "pursuit of happiness" for "property," Jefferson's Declaration of Independence significantly broadened the American conception of freedom
answer
True
question
Some slaves gained their freedom by serving as soldiers during the Revolution
answer
True
question
By late 1774, colonial Committees of Safety had begun transferring effective power from established colonial governments (under British control) to grassroots bodies; by 1775, some 7,000 men were serving on local committees throughout the colonies
answer
True
question
The first battle of the war was very successful for George Washington
answer
False
question
The Stamp Act crisis was, in part, a battle to define and extend liberty in colonial America
answer
True
question
Declaratory Act
answer
Great Britain is allowed to do whatever they want to the colonies
question
Sugar Act
answer
reduced molasses tax
question
Revenue Act
answer
Put wool and hides on the enumerated lists
question
Currency Act
answer
Colonial assemblies could not issue paper money to pay off debt
question
Tea Act
answer
a tax on cheap, imported tea
question
Intolerable Acts
answer
Closed the ports in Boston, only government allowed was parliament, allowed militia to be lodged in colonists' homes without consent
question
Quebec Act
answer
the extension of the southern boundary of Canada
question
Stamp Act
answer
A direct tax on the colonists for everything that they buy
question
What document was signed that nationally recognized America's independence
answer
Treaty of Paris
question
What general surrendered at Yorktown
answer
George Cornwallis
question
What major military commander defected against the American cause
answer
Benedict Arnold
question
What were the defining principles of the Declaration of Independence?
answer
National sovereignty; Human Equality; Natural Rights; Government by consent of governed; Right of revolution; From Property to happiness
question
What was the global implications of the American Revolution?
answer
American as a beacon of universal freedom
question
What were the British Advantages during the Revolution? The American Advantages?
answer
British: Military Superiority, Division among Americans - American: Military Experience, Home turf, Passion for independence, Limits of British resolve, Popular resentment against Redcoats, Aid from Britain's rivals
American Revolution
Boston Tea Party
French And Indian War
History of the Americas
King George Iii
Notes for The 8th Grade Social Studies Staar Test – Flashcards 39 terms

Bernice Cooper
39 terms
Preview
Notes for The 8th Grade Social Studies Staar Test – Flashcards
question
French and Indian War
answer
left Britain with huge debt and the desire to avoid future costly conflicts
question
Proclamation of 1763
answer
law prohibited settlement west of Appalachian Mountains crest
question
mercantilism
answer
trade practice whereby colonies enrich mother country by supplying raw materials and purchasing finished goods
question
Stamp Act
answer
tax on legal documents and other printed papers
question
"no taxation without representation"
answer
colonists argued the taxes were unconstitutional
question
boycotts
answer
colonists refused to buy British goods
question
Stamp Act riots
answer
civil disobedience harassment of tax collectors
question
Intolerable Acts
answer
punished Massachusetts for Boston Tea Party
question
Quartering Act
answer
required colonists to house British soldiers
question
King George III
answer
King of Britain; his policies angered patriots
question
patriots
answer
colonists who supported independence and Continental Army
question
loyalists
answer
colonists who supported independence and Continental Army supported loyalists
question
William Blackstone
answer
English lawyer
question
Crispus Attucks
answer
died at Boston Massacre
question
Samuel Adams
answer
advocated independence and resistance
question
Abigail Adams
answer
advised John Adams and ran family farm
question
John Adams
answer
advocated independence; Continental Congress delegate
question
Patrick Henry
answer
Proclaimed, "Give Me Liberty, Or Give Me Death"
question
Wentworth Cheswell
answer
rode all night to warn of British invasion
question
George Washington
answer
Continental Army commander and skilled leader; retreated when necessary; led surprise attacks
question
John Paul Jones
answer
declared in naval battle," I have not yet begun to fight!" Skilled Leader in Continental navy
question
Mercy Otis Warren
answer
wrote anti-British and anti-loyalist plays
question
James Armistead
answer
spied on British, posing as runaway black slave
question
Thomas Paine
answer
wrote Common Sense, convincing many ordinary colonists to support independence from Britain
question
Thomas Jefferson
answer
wrote majority of Declaration of Independence
question
Benjamin Franklin
answer
secured French aid; advocated colonial unity
question
Bernardo do Galvez
answer
shipped supplies to Americans; led Spanish troops to defeat British and deny southern port
question
Haum Salomon
answer
helped finance war effort, broker
question
1776
answer
colonies adopted Declaration of Independence
question
Declaration of Independence
answer
separation from Britain
question
unalienable rights
answer
God given like Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Happiness
question
Battles of Lexington
answer
first battles small colonial victories
question
Battle of Saratoga
answer
Continental Army victory (turning point)
question
Enduring the Winter at Valley Fore Pennsylvania
answer
thousands of Washington's troops died this winter
question
Battle of Yorktown
answer
British surrender to Washington
question
Treaty of Paris 1783
answer
officially ended war, defined u.s borders
question
Articles of Confederation
answer
created U.S. government with limited powers
question
strengths
answer
foreign treaties;national army;navy;westward expansion
question
weaknesses
answer
could not tax, regulate commerce, or revise Articles without agreement of all thirteen states; no executive or judicial branches
Boston Tea Party
Full Faith And Credit
New Jersey Plan
Northwest Ordinance Of 1787
POL SCI: American Government Flashcards 229 terms

Patricia Smith
229 terms
Preview
POL SCI: American Government Flashcards
question
1.1. According to Benjamin Franklin, popular governments are extremely difficult to \"keep\" because?
answer
People have to be vigilant and active if they are to maintain control.
question
1.2. Occupy Wall Street demonstrations essentially?
answer
Warned that the people were losing control.
question
1.3. Which of the following is NOT true about the system of checks and balances?
answer
a. Presidents can veto legislation. c. Congress can impeach the president. d. The Supreme Court can declare acts of Congress or the president to be unconstitutional are all true. B. The Presidents can force Congress to adjourn is NOT true.
question
1.4. Pluralism, elite theory, and social movement theory essentially answer the question of?
answer
Where power really lies in American politics.
question
1.5. According to elite theory, what is the source of influence?
answer
Status based on leading positions in society.
question
1.6. Under pluralism, what is the source of influence?
answer
A group's organization, resources & connections.
question
1.7. Social movement theory emphasizes the power of?
answer
Popular uprisings/movements.
question
1.8. The text describes all of the following as powerful ideas that shape American politics EXCEPT
answer
a. democracy. b. individualism. c. American dream are all true. D. Catholicism is NOT true.
question
1.9. Ultimately, the struggle for power between the elite few and the democratic many goes back to which of our questions?
answer
Who governs?
question
1.10. Congress, the president, the Supreme Court, and the Department of Homeland Security are all institutions that shape?
answer
a. power. b. ideas. c. politics. D. all of the above are true.
question
1.11. In the story of Marla Ruzicka, one of the first American civilians to arrive in Iraq after the United States toppled Saddam Hussein in 2003, we learned that?
answer
a. individuals with a passion for political change can make a difference in politics. And c. she established a public service organization in Iraq that she called the Campaign for Innocent Victims in Conflict, or CIVIC are both true. b. Marla's efforts in Iraq went unnoticed is NOT true. D. both a and c are true is the correct answer.
question
1.12. Compared to previous generations, millennials?
answer
Page 21 Compared to previous generations, millennials show less interest in government service, trust national leaders less and follow political news at a lower rate.
question
1.13. Mastering how the four I's; ideas, institutions, interests, and individuals are what shape politics which also requires an understanding of?
answer
History
question
1.14. Which of the following is NOT one of the four central questions the authors use throughout this book to help make sense of American politics and government?
answer
a. page 5 Who governs? b. page 8 How does American politics work? c. page 13 What does government do? D. What controls the society? is NOT a reoccurring theme.
question
1.15. The principle that each branch of government has the authority to block the others, making it more difficult for any 1 branch to exercise too much power, is known as?
answer
Checks and balances
question
1.16. The framers of the Constitution created the ________ as an intermediate body to elect the president.
answer
Electoral College
question
1.17. The organizations, norms, and rules that structure political action are known as?
answer
Institutions
question
1.18. The role of citizens is limited to choosing among competing leaders in the __________ theory of democracy.
answer
elite
question
1.19. The key concept of the pluralist theory of democracy is?
answer
groups
question
1.20. What is the term for a network of influence and money flowing between defense contractors, military figures in the Pentagon, and defense policy officials in Congress and the White House?
answer
Military-industrial complex
question
1.21. What is Occupy Wall Street?
answer
a. the name given to a protest movement that began on September 17, 2011 b. a movement maintaining that the very wealthy—the top 1%—have stripped the people of money and influence c. a movement that addresses the growing income inequality and uneven wealth distribution in the United States D. all of the above
question
1.22. What is the informal name for president-appointed positions, usually to lead a special project like the White House \"war on drugs\"?
answer
Presidential czars
question
1.23. What is the name for a corrupt party that often ran a city or state government in the nineteenth-century United States?
answer
Political machine
question
1.24. What is the term for an approach to political behavior that views individuals as rational, decisive actors who know their political interests and seek to act on them?
answer
Rational-choice theory
question
1.25. Public-private partnerships have?
answer
a. improved many aspects of society. b. joined private actors like business firms with government officials. c. made different sectors come together to undertake projects. D. all of the above
question
1.26. The system of government that rests ultimate governing power in its people, who may rule directly or via representatives, is called?
answer
Republic
question
1.27. The theory that says that mass popular uprisings have the potential to introduce great changes regardless of who is in control of ordinary, day-to-day politics is known as?
answer
Social movement theory
question
1.28. What is the name for the national social movement, primarily attracting fiscal and social conservatives, that sought to limit government spending and cut taxes?
answer
Tea Party
question
2.1. The politics of American exceptionalism is guided, in large part, by seven key ideas. They include all of the following EXCEPT:
answer
a. self-rule b. individualism c. limited government D. agreement on what they mean7: freedom, self-rule, limited government, individualism, the American dream, equality and religion.
question
2.2. Negative liberty is?
answer
Freedom from constraints or the interference of others.
question
2.3. In 1944 President Roosevelt proclaimed the four freedoms. Of these, the first two: freedom of speech and religion—are types of?
answer
Negative liberty
question
2.4. Liberty?
answer
a. has grown with time. b. reflects the American ideal. c. is a constant battle that can always go either way. D. all of the above
question
2.5. Countries in which the public makes decisions without relying on elected officials, through referendums and petitions, are examples of?
answer
Democratic ideas
question
2.6. What is the main difference between a republic and a democracy?
answer
In a democracy, people vote directly, and in a republic, people rule indirectly through their elected representatives.
question
2.7. What is the paradox lying at the heart of the limited-government idea?
answer
People across the political spectrum demand government action.
question
2.8. What idea is exemplified by the statement \"Since the Democrats won the election in 2008, they should put their policies into place?\"
answer
Self rule
question
2.9. Individualism includes all of the following EXCEPT?
answer
a. opposes government controls and believes that private companies should be able to expand B. the belief that social democracies that are based on solidarity c. the belief that people and their families are responsible for their own welfare d. the belief that low taxes and a green light for private entrepreneurs
question
2.10. Challenges to the American dream include debates on?
answer
a. whether the system is tilted toward the wealthy. c. promoting the wrong values. D. both a and c are true. b. whether the two political parties agree on America's political culture is not true.
question
2.11. All of the following are true EXCEPT?
answer
a. In 1965, the median American chief executive officer (CEO) made 26 times more than a typical worker. b. In contemporary United States, the CEO makes between 300 and 500 times the average employee. c. In western Europe, high taxes make it more difficult to grow very wealthy (or very poor). D. American society has become far more equal than nations like Japan, Sweden, or even Pakistan is not true.
question
2.12. The United States aims for equal?
answer
Opportunity
question
2.13. In contrast to the United States, citizens in advanced countries, from Britain and France to Japan and South Korea, tell pollsters that?
answer
God is not very important in their lives.
question
2.14. Why did the framers add a Bill of Rights to the Constitution?
answer
a. because of their abiding faith in individualism b. because of the old American fear of too much government c. because of the American dream's gospel of success D. all of the above
question
2.15. The belief that the rules and organizations built into the government would shape popular behavior was held by?
answer
James Madison
question
2.16. The view that the United States is unique, marked by a distinct set of ideas such as equality, self-rule, and limited government, is known as?
answer
American exceptionalism
question
2.17. Which term means \"the ability to pursue one's own desires without interference from others\"?
answer
Freedom
question
2.18. Which term means \"the freedom and ability to pursue one's goals\"?
answer
Positive Liberty
question
2.19. Which term refers to a government in which citizens rule indirectly and make government decisions through their elected representatives?
answer
Republic
question
2.20. What is a process in which citizens propose new laws or amendments to the state constitution?
answer
Initiative
question
2.21. What are laws that permit the public to watch policy makers in action or access the records of the proceedings?
answer
Sunshine laws
question
2.22. What is the name for Americans who believe in reduced government spending, personal responsibility, traditional moral values, and a strong national defense?
answer
Also known as \"right\" or \"right wing.\" Conservatives
question
2.23. What is the name for Americans who value cultural diversity, government programs for the needy, public intervention in the economy, and individuals' right to a lifestyle based on their own social and moral positions?
answer
Also known as \"left\" or \"left wing.\" Liberals
question
2.24. What is the name for Americans who believe in minimal government—small army, no social programs, no social or moral legislation?
answer
Libertarians
question
2.25. The idea that individuals, not the society, are responsible for their own well-being is called?
answer
Individualism
question
2.26. Which term refers to a government whose citizens are responsible for one another's well-being and use government policy to assure that all are comfortably cared for?
answer
Social democracy
question
2.27. Political equality is a situation in which?
answer
Every citizen has the same political rights and opportunities.
question
2.28. What is a statistical term for the number in the middle or the case that has an equal number of examples above or below it?
answer
Median
question
2.29. What is the idea that every American has an equal chance to win economic success?
answer
Equal opportunity
question
2.30. The orientation of citizens of a state toward politics is?
answer
Political culture
question
3.1. Why did the Americans suddenly revolt against England?
answer
The English had run up a crushing debt during the ten years of war and decided the colonists should help pay it.
question
3.2. The British did not agree with the colonial view of delegate representation because
answer
The English did not change their election districts every time the population shifted.
question
3.3. All of the following contributed to the conflict between the British and the Americans? EXCEPT
answer
a. the Proclamation of 1763. b. the Quartering Act (1765). c. the mercantile trade policies of Britain. D. Native American's rights to the land as denied by the British.
question
3.4. The Boston Tea Party is a reference to?
answer
The colonists denying Parliament's right to tax or regulate them without the approval of their elected legislatures.
question
3.5. The Declaration of Independence derives its ideas from which Scottish political theorist, who wrote Two Treatises on Government?
answer
John Locke
question
3.6. Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress could do all of the following EXCEPT
answer
a. resolve disputes between states. b. handle foreign affairs and negotiate treaties. c. coin money. D. collect taxes.
question
3.7. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787?
answer
a. established a process through which individuals could buy western lands. b. established a mechanism for eastern expansion and political development. c. stopped the squabbling among states claiming western land. D. both a and c
question
3.8. Which of the following was NOT one of the four major problems with the new American government?
answer
a. Congress could not raise taxes and had no money of its own. b. Requiring unanimity was easy and made it possible to amend the Articles. c. The state governments were dominated by their legislatures without any checks and balances. D. The strong national government had a difficult time standing up to foreign powers.
question
3.9. Shays's Rebellion demonstrated?
answer
The frustration of debtors in the wake of the Revolutionary War.
question
3.10. Which of the following is NOT true about filtration, or indirect elections?
answer
A. Delegates made the public more involved in government, not true \"less\" page 79. b. The public voted for men (and later women) who would, in turn, vote for public officials page 79. c. Citizens won more control over electing presidents page 80. d. The debate over direct democracy and indirect representation continues to this day page 80.
question
3.11. The most intense debate at the Constitutional Convention revolved around?
answer
How to apportion power in the national government.
question
3.12. A person contracted to work for a fixed period (usually 3-7 years) in exchange for food, shelter, and transportation to the New World is called?
answer
Indentured servant
question
3.13. What term do political theorists use when people elect their own representatives and expect them to respond to their desires and demands?
answer
Delegate representation
question
3.14. What is the economic theory in which government controls foreign trade in order to maintain prosperity and security?
answer
Mercantilism
question
3.15. The First Continental Congress was held in?
answer
1774
question
3.16. What was the name of the convention of delegates from 13 colonies that became the acting national government for the duration of the Revolutionary War?
answer
Second Continental Congress
question
3.17. What is the term for an amount higher than a simple majority, required in some cases for a proposal to win?
answer
Supermajority
question
3.18. The big states' plan intended to make the national government dominant over state governments was known as the?
answer
Virginia plan
question
3.19. Power divided between national and state government is called?
answer
Federalism
question
3.20. What is the principle that each branch of government has the authority to block and to influence the other branches?
answer
Checks and balances
question
3.21. Classical republicanism?
answer
a. is the democratic ideal rooted in ancient Greece. b. requires citizens to participate directly in public affairs. c. seeks the public interest and shuns private gains. D. all of the above
question
3.22. The first ten amendments to the Constitution, listing the rights guaranteed to every citizen, are known as?
answer
The Bill of Rights
question
3.23. The process by which the Supreme Court declares that a right in the Bill of Rights also applies to state governments is known as?
answer
Incorporation
question
3.24. What does originalism refer to?
answer
A principle of interpretation that always tries to discern the original meaning of those who wrote the Constitution.
question
3.25. What is the term for a principle of interpretation based on the idea that the Constitution evolves and that it must be put in the context of contemporary realities?
answer
Pragmatism
question
3.26. On July 4, 1776, the Congress voted to adopt a Declaration of Independence that includes all of the following ideals EXCEPT which one?
answer
a. People are endowed with rights that cannot be taken away. b. Rights include life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. c. People form governments to protect those rights. D. Governments derive their just powers from God.
question
4.1. Immigration enforcement is a_________responsibility.
answer
national
question
4.2. Most nations in the 1780s had?
answer
Unitary governments
question
4.3. Some states grant local governments broad powers, known as?
answer
Home rule
question
4.4. Federalism's advantages include all of the following EXCEPT
answer
B. coordination among federal, state, and local agencies. The following were the advantages. a. protection of individual rights. c. protection against dangerous leaders. d. multiple sources of innovation.
question
4.5. Critics of federalism fear that competition between states and localities leads to a?
answer
Race to the bottom
question
4.6. Article 1, section 8, lists nineteen powers of the federal government which aka express, enumerated or granted powers, including all EXCEPT
answer
A. regulating commerce within states. b. raising an army. c. punishing pirates. d. establishing a post office.
question
4.7. Which of the following does the Obama administration's legal challenge to the Arizona immigration law demonstrate?
answer
Supremacy clause
question
4.8. The states' reserved powers include all EXCEPT
answer
a. public education. b. public health. C. interstate commerce. d. organizing state elections.
question
4.9. The part of the Constitution that directs each state to give full faith and credit to the actions of other states is controversial because?
answer
States disagree with policies enacted by others.
question
4.10. Cooperative federalism, characterized by blurred lines of authority and a much more active national government, took place under which president?
answer
Franklin Roosevelt
question
4.11. Ronald Reagan's presidency (1981-1989) ushered in another significant change in American federalism, termed as?
answer
New Federalism; conservatives tipped the power away from national officials to give the states more decision making authority.
question
4.12. Officials at different levels of government often?
answer
Strongly disagree about what counts as an unfunded mandate.
question
4.13. McCulloch v. Maryland, decided in 1819?
answer
Marks a victory for national power
question
4.14. A national polity governed as a single unit, with the central government exercising all or most political authority, is known as a?
answer
Unitary government
question
4.15. A group of independent states or nations that yield some of their powers to a national government, although each state retains a degree of sovereign authority, is known as?
answer
Confederation
question
4.16. Governmental arrangement where power is shared among different levels—nation, states, counties, and local city/town governments—is found in?
answer
The United States
question
4.17. Spreading of policy ideas from one city or state to others, a process typical of US federalism, is called?
answer
Diffusion
question
4.18. National government powers set out explicitly in the Constitution are known as?
answer
Granted powers
question
4.19. The necessary and proper clause?
answer
a. defines Congress constitutional authority in article 1, section 8. b. authorizes Congress to exercise the necessary and proper powers to carry out its designated functions. c. is also called the elastic clause. D. all of the above
question
4.20. The constitutional declaration in article 6, section 2 that the national government's authority prevails over any conflicting state or local government's claims is called?
answer
The supremacy clause
question
4.21. What is the name for the constitutional guarantee in the 10th Amendment that the states retain government authority not explicitly granted to the national government?
answer
Reserved powers
question
4.22. What is the name for the constitutional requirement (in article 4, section 1) that each state recognize and uphold laws passed by any other state?
answer
Full faith and credit clause
question
4.23. What is the name for governmental authority shared jointly by national and state governments, such as the power to tax residents?
answer
Concurrent powers
question
4.24. Dual or layer cake federalism refers to?
answer
A clear division of governing authority between national and state governments.
question
4.25. National government funding provided to state/local governments, along with specific instructions about how the funds may be used, are?
answer
Grant-in-aids
question
4.26. Transferring authority from national to state or local government levels is called?
answer
Devolution
question
4.27. What is the term for obligation imposed on state or local government officials by federal legislation, without sufficient federal funding support to cover the costs?
answer
Unfunded mandate
question
4.28. What is the critical term applied to government's inability to advance policy solutions because of clashes among different branches or between national and state officials?
answer
Gridlock
question
13.1. The first woman Speaker in American history is?
answer
Nancy Pelosi
question
13.2. Differences in the 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA), popularly known as \"Obamacare,\" were ironed out in the?
answer
Conference committee
question
13.3. Each woman and man in the Senate possesses a remarkable degree of autonomy, especially compared to the average House member, because?
answer
Anyone in the Senate can place a legislative hold on a bill.
question
13.4. Congressional powers, as granted under the Constitution?
answer
Are extensive and very clearly defined.
question
13.5. What does substantive representation of the Congress refer to?
answer
Sharing the same views about the political issues as the constituent.
question
13.6. Today, when the 113th Congress is made up of different genders, ethnicities, religions, and professions, we say the representation is?
answer
Descriptive
question
13.7. The United States appears around the middle with respect to the proportion of women in legislative bodies around the world because?
answer
a. some nations require a certain percentage of women in their legislature. b. there is little respect for women in America. c. it is easier for women to be in legislature in the parliamentary system of government. D. both a and c
question
13.8. When the representatives use their best judgment as they sit in the House or Senate, with considerably more information than their constituents, it is known as the __________ view of representation.
answer
trustee
question
13.9. The highest priority for members of the Congress is?
answer
Focusing intensely on re-election
question
13.10. As of 2012, the current rate of pay for congressional members is?
answer
$174,000
question
13.11. Which of the following is NOT a Capitol Hill buzzword?
answer
a. Christmas tree-Bill packed with benefits for constituents b. medagogue-Loud member spotlighter: medicare, insurance 65> C. King of the Hill d. school-lunch-embarrass majority party by denouncing budget cuts
question
13.12. \"Whales\" in the Congress is a reference to?
answer
a. those who could enact landmark legislation. b. chairs of important committees. c. dutiful followers of others in the House. D. both a and b
question
13.13. Pick the INCORRECT statement:
answer
a. The framers built rough equality of power across House and Senate into their original constitutional design. b. The equality of House and Senate can lead to competition and conflict across the two chambers. c. The equality of House and Senate makes the path to legislation more difficult. D. Advocates of stability appreciate the responsive House; populists embrace the more deliberate Senate.
question
13.14. The inability of Congress to advance major items in a timely fashion (or at all)—also termed \"policy stalemate\" —is known as?
answer
Gridlock
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13.15. What is a group of House or Senate members that convenes regularly to discuss common interests?
answer
Congressional caucus
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13.16. What rule, unique to the US Senate, allows any senator to hold the floor—and thereby delay an unwanted bill or other measure?
answer
Filibuster
question
13.17. A temporary collection of House and Senate members, appointed to work out a compromise, is known as a?
answer
Conference committee
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13.18. The only legislative branch of a state government that is unicameral is in?
answer
Nebraska
question
13.19. Constitutional powers of Congress include all of the following EXCEPT
answer
a. raising revenue through taxes and international borrowing. b. regulating trade and commerce among the American states and with other countries. c. declaring war. D. preparing the budget of the United States.
question
13.20. What is an informal way a senator objects to a bill or measure reaching the Senate floor?
answer
Legislative hold
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13.21. America's Congress is bicameral; the House has _____ members, while the Senate has ______ members.
answer
House of Representatives 435; Senat 100 (1D/1R per state)
question
13.22. House members are elected for _____ years; Senate members are elected for ____ years.
answer
House of Representatives are elected every 2 years. Senate members are elected every 6 years
question
13.23. What is the term for a House district with electoral lines drawn to maximize the proportion of black or Latino voters, who tend to elect members of similar backgrounds?
answer
Majority-minority district
question
13.24. What is the term for a reorganization of the boundaries of House districts, a process that follows the results of the US census, taken every 10 years?
answer
Reapportionment
question
13.25. The president pro tempore is?
answer
The majority-party senator with the longest Senate service
question
13.26. The primary means by which committees collect and analyze information as legislative policy making gets under way is?
answer
The committee hearing
question
13.27. Gathering of a full committee to draft the final version of a bill before the committee votes on it is called?
answer
The committee markup session
question
13.28. The Senate's only approved method for halting a filibuster or lifting a legislative hold is?
answer
The Cloture
question
13.29. What is the name of the congressional vote in which the presiding officer asks those for and against to say \"Yea\" or \"Nay,\" respectively, and announces the result?
answer
Voice vote
question
14.1. The longest presidency was held by?
answer
Franklin Roosevelt
question
14.2. What is one reason the presidency is so fluid?
answer
Article 2 says very little about who the president is and what the president does
question
14.3. Which of the following is NOT one of the president's expressed powers?
answer
a. the power to make treaties b. the power to act as commander in chief of the army, navy, and state militias C. the power to declare war d. the power to grant pardons and reprieves for offenses against the United States
question
14.4. What power have US presidents never been denied?
answer
The power to select Supreme Court justices and other officers.
question
14.5. All of the following presidents displayed imperial traits EXCEPT
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a. Lyndon Johnson. b. Richard Nixon. c. George W. Bush. D. Bill Clinton.
question
14.6. A president trying to broker peace in the Middle East is acting in the role of?
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Top diplomat
question
14.7. In an effort to regain some of its authority, Congress?
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Passed the War Powers Act in 1973
question
14.8. In the role of first legislator, presidents?
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Define the legislative agenda long before they arrive in office
question
14.9. A presidential \"batting average\" refers to?
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A president's legislative success
question
14.10. Which president used \"signing statements\" to challenge, limit, or reject an estimated 1,200 sections of congressional bills—roughly twice as many challenges as all previous presidents combined?
answer
George W. Bush
question
14.11. Ronald Reagan's presidency (1981-1989) ushered in another significant change in American federalism, termed?
answer
New Federalism
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14.12. Today, presidents \"go public\"?
answer
Primarily through the media
question
14.13. Which of the following is NOT true with respect to approval ratings?
answer
a. Presidents start with high approval scores, usually above 60%. b. A slow decline typically bottoms out midway through the second year. c. There is typically a gradual ascent and peak toward the end of the fourth year. D. They always rise above 50% in time for reelection.
question
14.14. According to the best-known model of the personal presidency, those who have high self-esteem and adapt well to changing circumstances are?
answer
Active-Positives
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14.15. Active-Negatives seek power and ambition and have a troubled presidency because they find it psychologically difficult to admit failure and instead keep pursuing ill-fated policies. Which of the following is an example?
answer
Richard Nixon
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14.16. What is the name for the system in which Americans elect a president by voting for electors who then choose the president?
answer
Electoral College
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14.17. Today, the electors of each state cast their votes for?
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The candidate who won the state
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14.18. The presidency was created by article ________ of the US Constitution.
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Article 2
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14.19. Powers the Constitution explicitly grants to the president are?
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Expressed powers
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14.20. What are the powers assumed by the presidents,often during crises, on the basis of the constitutional phrase \"the executive power shall be vested in the president\"?
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Inherent powers
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14.21. The idea that the Constitution puts the president in charge of executing the laws, and therefore no other branch should limit presidential discretion over executive matters, is known as?
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Unitary executive theory
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14.22. When signing bills into law, presidents often make statements that offer the administration's interpretation of the law; these are known as?
answer
Signing statements
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14.23. Some critics refer to an American presidency that has begun to demonstrate imperial traits—indicating that the republic is slowly morphing into an empire—as a(n) ___________ presidency.
answer
imperial
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14.24. Presidential roles include all of the following EXCEPT
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A. head of the Senate.. b. commander in chief. c. first legislator. d. head bureaucrat.
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14.25. A unified government is a?
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Government in which one party controls the White House and Congress
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14.26. The presidential power to block an act of Congress by refusing to sign it is called?
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Veto power
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14.27. Top officials in the executive agencies appointed by the president are?
answer
Political appointees
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14.28. The agencies that help the president manage his daily activities are in the?
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Executive Office of the President (EOP)
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14.29. The OMB's authority to review and \"clear\" (or okay) anything a member of the administration says or does in public is called?
answer
Central clearance
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14.30. Which First Lady became a one-woman campaign for liberal social policy and a popular symbol of the New Deal?
answer
Eleanor Roosevelt
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15.1. Which of the following is NOT listed in the chapter as one of the national issues that pushed the US to develop the large bureaucracy we have today?
answer
a. morality. b. economics. c. race. D. income.
question
15.2. Well-specified codes of conduct called Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) fall under which category of the bureaucratic model?
answer
Fixed Routines Hierarchy (chain of command), Divisions of Labor (split the work), Equal Rules for All (opposite of the Spoils System-who you knew), Technical Qualifications (Bureaucracies operate on basis of expertise-job goes to the best qualified)
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15.3. When an agency sometimes develops routines (SOPs) that favor some constituents over others, it is known as?
answer
Clientelism (ex. Dept of Agriculture send out multiple forms to qualify for loans, they will favor Agr-Corp with book-keepers/secretaries over small family farms where there is little time for 50 page forms.
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15.4. Democratic dilemma refers to?
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a. the generality of the citizens and the expertise of bureaucrats. b. the expertise of the citizens and the generality of bureaucrats. c. because they rely on specialized expertise and information, bureaucracies pose a dilemma for democratic governance. D. all of the above
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15.5. Who reads the Federal Register?
answer
Any citizen can read it. (Implementation is the last step: the president proposed the law, congress passed it, the courts upheld it and the bureaucratic agency published draft rules, gathered comments and published final rules in the Federal Register)
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15.6. Today, the concern about iron triangles is fading because?
answer
It is difficult for a small group to quietly dominate the process. (bureaucrats develop close alliances with members of Congress as well as interest group lobbyists. EPA work with green members of Congress and environmental groups/industries affected by regulations; ATF-E work closely with gun makers and members of Congress who care about guns: connections among bureaucrats, members of Congress and the industry become too cozy)
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15.7. Today, civil servants number approximately?
answer
7 million
question
15.8. The Department of Homeland Security was created in?
answer
2002
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15.9. Why did President Obama ask the Bush administration's secretary of defense, Robert Gates, to stay on?
answer
He could not afford a slow transition at Defense because he planned to take immediate action
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15.10. Every president (from both parties) since the _______ has appointed a diverse cabinet that reflects the nation.
answer
1970
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15.11. The cabinet and other appointed executives provide political ______; the civil servants provide _______.
answer
direction; expertise
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15.12. The Federal Trade Commission is one of the?
answer
Independent regulatory commissions
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15.13. In theory, who controls the bureaucracy?
answer
The President
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15.14. Which of the following is NOT one of the powers through which Congress shapes the bureaucracy?
answer
a. oversight b. authorization c. reorganization D. budgeting
question
15.15. Government jobs given out as political favors are known as?
answer
The Spoils System
question
15.16. The Pendleton Civil Service Act shifted American government toward a(n)?
answer
Merit-based public service
question
15.17. Government by universal rules, impartially applied, is?
answer
Universalistic politics
question
15.18. Bureaucratic pathologies are______________ that tend to develop in bureaucratic systems.
answer
problems
question
15.19. The bureaucratic model has all of the following EXCEPT
answer
a. hierarchy. b. division of labor. c. fixed routines. D. different rules for different people.
question
15.20. What is it called when the agency publishes a draft of the legal rules in the Federal Register and gathers comments from interested parties?
answer
Proposed rule
question
15.21. What is the rule that specifies how a program will actually operate?
answer
Final rule
question
15.22. Who are the top bureaucratic officials appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate?
answer
Political appointees
question
15.23. What is the theory that industries dominate the agencies that regulate them?
answer
Regulatory capture
question
15.24. Private companies that contract to provide goods and services for the government are called?
answer
Private contractors
question
15.25. What is the term for analyses of how policy makers (principals) can control actors who work for them (agents) but have far more information?
answer
Principal agent theory
question
15.26. Street-level bureaucrats are?
answer
Public officials who deal directly with the public
question
15.27. A federal worker who reports corruption or fraud is called a?
answer
Whistleblower
question
15.28. Sunshine laws?
answer
a. require public hearings and citizen input. b. make the executive bureaucracy more transparent. c. open up bureaucratic debates to public view. D. all of the above
question
15.29. What 1966 law facilitates full or partial disclosure of government information and documents?
answer
Freedom of Information Act
question
16.1. The Schiavo case demonstrated that?
answer
a. judicial power is divided across state and federal courts. b. the president gave the final ruling. c. the Supreme Court refused to intervene one last time. D. both a and c
question
16.2. The annual US criminal caseload includes how many cases filed in state courts?
answer
35-40 million
question
16.3. Which country outpaces any other country, with roughly 1.1 million lawyers?
answer
The United States (1 lawyer per 275 citizens) Brazil (1: 326) UK (1:401) Canada (1:450) Germany (1:593) India (1: 1,200) France (1: 1,403) Japan (1: 5,772)
question
16.4. Pick the INCORRECT statement:
answer
a. Traditionally, lawyers and courts enjoyed high prestige. b. The Supreme Court recently received its lowest approval ratings in at least 25 years. C. Law, lawyers, and the legal system all enjoy glowing reputations. d. The judiciary still generally ranks just above the president and towers over Congress.
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16.5. ____________ constitute something of a \"third judiciary\" alongside state and federal courts.
answer
Specialized courts
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16.6. The Supreme Court justice appointed by President Obama is?
answer
Sonia Sotomayor
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16.7. Eleven percent of federal judges are?
answer
African Americans
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16.8. The breakthrough with judicial review came in the landmark case?
answer
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
question
16.9. When the justices agree to hear a case, the Supreme Court issues a(n)?
answer
Court will issue a \"writ of certiorari\" (opt to hear the case) Amicus curiae (Latin: Friend of the court) is an un-involved party endorsing one side or the other to the Supreme Court (see link) http://www.scotusblog.com/reference/educational-resources/supreme-court-procedure/
question
16.10. In Roe v. Wade, a federal district court dismissed the case because it?
answer
Was moot (irrelevant)
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16.11. Which of the following is NOT true about Supreme Court clerks?
answer
a. They assist the justices. b. They are recent law school graduates. C. They do not exercise influence on justices. d. They help the justices write opinions and reach decisions.
question
16.12. Four different perspectives that help explain how justices make their decisions include all of the following EXCEPT
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a. following precedent. b. ideology. c. institutional protection. D. public opinion.
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16.13. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) is a landmark case because?
answer
It cemented the infamous doctrine of \"separate but equal\" for nearly 60 years
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16.14. Roe v. Wade (1973) is a landmark case because?
answer
It struck down a Texas statute outlawing abortion
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16.15. The courts face four popular criticisms that include all of the following EXCEPT
answer
a. cost. b. bias. c. power. D. term length.
question
16.16. What is the system of federal justices, organized into district courts and circuit courts, who hear appeals from lower courts, culminating in the Supreme Court?
answer
Appellate courts
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16.17. What is the term for the first level of federal courts, which actually try the cases?
answer
District courts
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16.18. What is the term for the second stage of federal courts, which review the trial record of cases decided in district court to insure they were settled properly?
answer
Circuit courts
question
16.19. The Court's authority to strike down acts that violate the Constitution is called?
answer
Judicial review
question
16.20. What is the constitutional provision that declares the federal Constitution and statutes the supreme law of the land?
answer
Supremacy clause
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16.21. What is a vigorous or active approach to reviewing the other branches of government?
answer
Judicial activism
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16.22. What is the view that the Constitution is an evolving document that changes with the times?
answer
Pragmatism vs Originalist (who believe we must interpret the document's text literally)
question
16.23. What is the system of law developed by judges in deciding cases over the centuries?
answer
Common law Precedent (Judicial decisions that offer a guide to similar cases in the future) Stare decisis (deciding cases on the bases of previous rulings or precedents)
question
16.24. What term applies to cases that involve disputes between two parties?
answer
Civil law Criminal law (cases in which someone is charged with breaking the law)
question
16.25. The plaintiff is?
answer
The party that brings the action Defendant (The party that is sued in a court case)
question
16.26. What is the term for a brief submitted by a person or group that is not a direct party to the case?
answer
Amicus curiae: Before the hearing, the parties submit written briefs spelling out the details of their argument. Other interested parties may submit their own briefs, endorsing the side they favor. The outside contributions are known as (friends of the court)
question
16.27. The official statement of the Court is called the?
answer
Majority Opinion Concurrent opinion (explanation why they voted in favor of the majority outcome)
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16.28. A statement on behalf of the justices who voted in the minority is called the?
answer
Dissent (Justices who disagree about the outcome, give bases for future rethinking of the issues by the Court)
question
16.29. Clear and present danger is?
answer
Court doctrine that free speech could be curtailed, because the speech may lead to prohibited action like violence or terrorism. The clear and present danger test guided the court for fifty years, it was rewritten in 1969. Recall that a test is a general principle designed to guide future court decisions on a topic.
Boston Tea Party
Freedom From Want
Northwest Ordinance Of 1787
Political Science
Stamp Act Congress
Struggle For Power
United States Government-Comprehensive
STUDYGUIDE1 – Flashcards 216 terms

Linda Lynch
216 terms
Preview
STUDYGUIDE1 – Flashcards
question
Pluralism, elite theory, and social movement theory essentially answer the question of?
answer
where power really lies in american politics
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According to elite theory, what is the source of influence?
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Status based on leading positions in society.
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Under pluralism, what is the source of influence?
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A group's organization, resources & connections.
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Social movement theory emphasizes the power of?
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Popular uprisings/movements.
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Congress, the president, the Supreme Court, and the Department of Homeland Security are all institutions that shape?
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a. power. b. ideas. c. politics. D. all of the above are true.
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Mastering how the four I's; ideas, institutions, interests, and individuals are what shape politics which also requires an understanding of?
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History
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The organizations, norms, and rules that structure political action are known as?
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institutions
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The role of citizens is limited to choosing among competing leaders in the __________ theory of democracy.
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elite
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The key concept of the pluralist theory of democracy is?
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groups
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What is the term for an approach to political behavior that views individuals as rational, decisive actors who know their political interests and seek to act on them?
answer
Rational-choice theory
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The system of government that rests ultimate governing power in its people, who may rule directly or via representatives, is called?
answer
Republic
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The theory that says that mass popular uprisings have the potential to introduce great changes regardless of who is in control of ordinary, day-to-day politics is known as?
answer
Social Movement Theory
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What is the name for the national social movement, primarily attracting fiscal and social conservatives, that sought to limit government spending and cut taxes?
answer
Tea Party
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Negative liberty is?
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Freedom from constraints or the interference of others.
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In 1944 President Roosevelt proclaimed the four freedoms. Of these, the first two: freedom of speech and religion—are types of?
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Negative liberty
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What is the main difference between a republic and a democracy?
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In a democracy, people vote directly, and in a republic, people rule indirectly through their elected representatives.
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The view that the United States is unique, marked by a distinct set of ideas such as equality, self-rule, and limited government, is known as?
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American exceptionalism
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Which term means "the ability to pursue one's own desires without interference from others"?
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Freedom
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Which term means "the freedom and ability to pursue one's goals"?
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Positive Liberty
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What is a process in which citizens propose new laws or amendments to the state constitution?
answer
initiative
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What is the name for Americans who believe in minimal government—small army, no social programs, no social or moral legislation?
answer
Libertarians
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The idea that individuals, not the society, are responsible for their own well-being is called?
answer
individualism
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Which term refers to a government whose citizens are responsible for one another's well-being and use government policy to assure that all are comfortably cared for?
answer
social democracy
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Political equality is a situation in which?
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Every citizen has the same political rights and opportunities.
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What is a statistical term for the number in the middle or the case that has an equal number of examples above or below it?
answer
median
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What is the idea that every American has an equal chance to win economic success?
answer
equal opportunity
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The British did not agree with the colonial view of delegate representation because
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The English did not change their election districts every time the population shifted.
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The Boston Tea Party is a reference to?
answer
The colonists denying Parliament's right to tax or regulate them without the approval of their elected legislatures.
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The Declaration of Independence derives its ideas from which Scottish political theorist, who wrote Two Treatises on Government?
answer
John Locke
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Pluralism
answer
people can influence government through many interest groups
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what theory is an example of groups for global warming or banning abortions?
answer
pluralism
question
Elite Theory
answer
power rests in the hands of a small number of wealthy powerful people
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Bureaucratic theory
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control of gov. lies with the men and woman who carry out the day-to-day operations of modern government and business
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Social Movement Theory
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mass popular uprisings have the potential to introduce great changes no matter who is in control
question
Institutions
answer
organizations, norms, and rules that structure political action
question
Supreme Court and Congress are examples of what?
answer
Institutions
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Politics definition?
answer
How a society makes collective decisions. (who gets what, when, and how)
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What does freedom mean?
answer
It means that the gov. will protect your life, liberty, and your property from the coercion of others
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Freedom of want? (roosevelt)
answer
positive
question
What rights can no one infringe on individual rights?
answer
Freedom of speech and religion (worship)
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Who wrote, "no novelty in the U.S. struck me more vividly.. than the equality of condition" after visiting the U.S.?
answer
Alexis Tocqueville
question
Solidarity
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the idea that people have a tight bond and are responsible for one another
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where there are only small differences in wealth between citizens (1790, very small difference in wealth and little poverty)(now dramatically changed)
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Economic equality
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What equality would removing money from elections have to do with?
answer
Political
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Social equality
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all individuals have the same status in soceity
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when representatives follow expressed wishes of the voters
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delegate representation
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representatives do what they regard as the best interest of the voters (independent of what the voters want
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trustee representation (english view)
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Where government controls trade and economy
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Mercantilism
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1754-1763
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The French and Indian War
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Stamp Act Congress
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October 1765
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Townshend Acts
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1767
question
Boston Massacre
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1770
question
"perhaps the most famous piece of anti-military propaganda in American history"
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Boston Massacre
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Boston Massacre was?
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street fight between redcoats and colonists because the soldiers were tired of being harrassed by mobs throwing snowballs and rocks at them
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December 16, 1773
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Boston Tea Party
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republic is...?
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Representative form of democracy/ people are in charge.
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What are the 7 big ideas of american exceptionalism?
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Liberty, self rule (democracy), limited government, individualism, the American dream, equality, and faith in God.
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Negative liberty...
answer
limits government action/ right to act how you want
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Negative liberty limits government action. They make sure that others (government officials) do not....
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interfere with individuals perusing their own goals
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President Roosevelt thought that the negative liberties _____ and ______: that no one could infringe on those rights
answer
freedom of speech and freedom of worship (religion)
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President Roosevelt thought that _____ (def?) was positive liberty.....
answer
freedom from want (helping needy people from hard times)
question
3 DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS OF DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA (ATTRIBUTES)
answer
POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY, POLITICAL EQUALITY & POLITICAL LIBERTY
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POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
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people have authority; govt. does what the people want
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POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY ALSO MEANS
answer
THE AVOIDANCE OF TYRANNY.
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TYRANNY
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ABSOLUTE POWER IN A GOVERNMENT with a single ruler
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POLITICAL LIBERTY
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freedom from gov. control
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POLITICAL EQUALITY
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everyone gets one vote and has an equal say
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LINCOLNS DEF OF DEMOCRACY
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"...GOVT. OF THE PEOPLE, BY THE PEOPLE & FOR THE PEOPLE..." (LINCOLN)
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DEF OF DEMOCRACY
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"RULE BY THE PEOPLE" SELF GOVT. BY THE MANY
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DIRECT PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY--DIRECT DEMOCRACY (2 points)
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-PEOPLE ACTIVELY AND DIRECTLY RULING THEMSELVES -THAT CITIZENS BE ABLE TO REGULARLY MEET TO DEBATE AND MAKE DECISIONS
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REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY
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RULE BY THE PEOPLE, EXERCISED INDIRECTLY, THROUGH ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES
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POINTS OF E.E. SCHATTSCHNEIDER DEF. OF DEMOCRACY
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-THE MAIN INGREDIENTS OF THIS DEFINITION ARE CONFLICT, COMPETITION, ORGANIZATION, LEADERSHIP, AND RESPONSIBILITY. -A SORT OF WORKING DEFINITION OF DEMOCRACY.
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"DEMOCRACY IS A COMPETITIVE POLITICAL SYSTEM IN WHICH COMPETING LEADERS AND ORGANIZATIONS DEFINE THE ALTERNATIVES TO PUBLIC POLICY IN SUCH A WAY THAT THE PUBLIC CAN PARTICIPATE IN THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS."
answer
E.E. SCHATTSCHNEIDER DEF. OF DEMOCRACY
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LIST OF 4 CONDITIONS OF POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
answer
1. GOVT. POLICIES REFLECT THE POPULAR WILL (VALUES) 2. PEOPLE PARTICIPATE IN THE POLITICAL PROCESS. 3. HIGH-QUALITY INFORMATION AND DEBATE IS AVAILABLE 4. THE MAJORITY RULES...IE. A MAJORITY DECISION RULE
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POLITICAL LIBERTY POINTS
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-WITHOUT THESE LIBERTIES ANY OTHER FUNDAMENTALS OF DEMOCRACY COULD NOT EXIST -FOR MOST PEOPLE, DEMOCRACY AND LIBERTY ARE INSEPARABLE: THE CONCEPT OF SELF-GOVERNMENT
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POLITICAL EQUALITY POINTS
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-PEOPLE ENTER INTO THE DECISION MAKING PROCESS AS EQUALS -ALLOWS A SOCIETY TO MEASURE OR ENFORCE THE POPULAR WILL -BRINGS ABOUT POLITICAL EFFICACY (THE SENSE THAT YOU CAN AFFECT WHAT GOVT. DOES)
question
wrote the prince and discourses
answer
Machiavelli
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banished from the medici family (he didn't want the medici fan. to take away his status quo)
answer
Machiavelli
question
who was not idealistic as Aristotle?
answer
Machiavelli
question
Who wrote the intro to self interest?
answer
Machiavelli
question
Who wrote the intro to nature?
answer
Hobbes
question
What are the points that state political life is best understood more as a state of war than a state of peace?
answer
-things must be viewed in their most basic condition- stripped of decorations -fundamental reality of the human conditions is war not peace
question
what idea did mach. challenge?
answer
that it is man's human nature to think about things in their perfect condition
question
for most men what is more important than public life? (most pay no attention to public life)
answer
private life
question
who wrote two treatises of government
answer
John Locke
question
Who wrote that by consent, individuals created a government to protect their natural rights to life, liberty, and property?
answer
John Locke
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Who wrote Leviathan?
answer
Hobbes
question
salutary neglect
answer
english policy of ignoring colonies
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Democracy
answer
The people decide who gets what and when Demo- The People, Cracy-To Rule
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Federalism
answer
The division of power across state, local and national government
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Bipartisanship
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When both parties work together
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Constituent
answer
Those voting
question
According to the Greeks, scholars of the Christian Middle Ages, and European philosophers (such as John Locke & Thomas Hobbes), what is the utility (purpose) of government?
answer
Greeks - To create and environment that promotes human excellence - Beware of mob rule Christian Middle Ages-To promote morality, be pious, goal heaven, promote ethical behavior
question
What are the major political contributions of Hobbes
answer
Believed people tire of state of nature and chose to have a government that has power over them. We are born to a state of war
question
What are the major political contributions of Locke
answer
We are born with natural rights: life, liberty, property. Since these are natural rights government cannot take them away People form government to protect rights If govt fails to protect rights, people have right to overthrow and create new
question
According to your textbook, what is the key theme of American Politics
answer
Politics is conflict and compromise
question
Why did the American colonists want to break away from the political control of the British crown?
answer
Passage of oppressive acts. After 7 year war, UK wanted states to pay for war, taxes, sugar tax, stamp act Declarity Act: Pass laws that were binding to colonies UK asserted their right to rule Tea Tax Forced to house soldiers Closed Boston Port Trials for offenses against crown Town meetings were suspended Mass governor was replaced with British Governor Trials were held in Nova Scotia or London
question
What political beliefs did they invoke as justification for their behavior?
answer
John Locke - If the government faills to protect our natural rights, The People have the right to overthrow and create a new one.
question
Also, what specific policies of the Crown did the Colonists reject?
answer
Declarity Act: Pass laws that were binding to colonies UK asserted their right to rule Tea Tax Forced to house soldiers Closed Boston Port Trials for offenses against crown Town meetings were suspended Mass governor was replaced with British Governor Trials were held in Nova Scotia or London
question
What was the purpose for holding (the goals) the First Continental Congress?
answer
To mend the rift with the Crown Two groups, Economic and Non Economic/Political Find and record solutions, petition the govt with the problems
question
What was accomplished at this meeting if the First Continental Congress? (What did they do?)
answer
British increased troops, trade sanctions, seized all military arms, closed military stores and hardware
question
What was the purpose for holding (the goals) the Second Continental Congress?
answer
Situation worsened, needed to break free from UK
question
What was done at the Second Continental Congress? (What did they do?)
answer
Decided to break free from UK, justified by Locke Formed an army Selected a General Worked with French for assistance, money & recognizing colonists
question
What were the Articles of Confederation and why isn't it our Constitution today?
answer
States Rights. First attempt at a new government. Too restrictive. Replaced with the Constitution. No president, no tax, no court
question
What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
answer
No money, states began competing, tax from one state to another when moving across state, Bankruptcy farms
question
The first three articles of our Constitution discuss whom/what?
answer
Established: 1. Legislative Branch, Congress 2. Executive Branch 3. Judicial Branch
question
What issues did anti-federalist support and what did they fear?
answer
Supported States Rights and personal liberty Feared personal liberties would be lost
question
Know and be able to explain the three compromises that had to occur (regarding legislative representation, how to assess the size of a population, and the protection of certain civil liberties & states' rights) in order to get the Constitution ratified
answer
1. States Rights: Heavily populated states wanted more representation, less populated wanted a set number of reps. COMPROMISE: Legislature would have two chambers: House of Representative based on population, Senate 2 reps per state. 2. Should slaves be counted? COMPOMISE: 3/5ths Compromise - 5 slaves would count as 3 people 3. Personal Liberties: COMPROMISE: The Bill of Rights
question
What are the formal powers of the Legislative Branch (the 17 enumerated powers of Congress)? What power is given to Congress in Section 1, of Article 1 of the Constitution?
answer
To Legislate Then...................... 1. Power to tax and to spend the money raised by taxes, to provide for the nation's defense and general welfare. 2. To borrow money. (bonds, etc) 3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states. Interstate commerce covers all movement of people and things across state lines, and every form of communication and transportation. 4. To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States 5. To coin money and set its value & regulate weights and measures. Congress created the Federal Reserve System to regulate the nation's monetary supply. To fix the standard of weights and measures 6. To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States; 7. To establish a Post Office and post roads. 8. To issue patents and copyrights to inventors and authors, trademarks. Promote science in the arts by protecting intellectual property rights. 9. To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court; Create federal courts below Supreme Court 10. To define and punish piracy, felonies on high seas and crimes against the law of nations 11. To declare war - Congress declares war, while the president wages war. 12. To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years; 13. To provide and maintain the Navy 14. To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces Congress' control of funding the military provides another check on the executive branch. 15. To provide a militia, right of the states to appoint officers and train them 16. To exercise exclusive legislative powers over the seat of government (DC) and other places purchased to be federal facilities. 17, To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the forgoing powers and all other powers vested by the Constitution. and get them done (The Elastic Clause)
question
What special (or particular) powers are given to the House of Representatives? And to the Senate?
answer
House Revenue bills (taxes) begin at the House Charges of impeachment Senate Approve and ratify Presidential nominees, treaties, Impeachment trial
question
How is the power of the Legislature checked/balanced/constrained?
answer
Executive checks - President can: veto, call Congress into Special Session, delay & implement legislation against the original intention of Congress, VP has tie breaking vote in Senate Congress Checks: Bring about charges of impeachment, Senate approves presidential nominations. Judicial Checks - Supreme Court can declare a law passed by Congress unconstitutional, Chief Justice presides over impeachment trial The Bill of Rights
question
Explain the basics regarding the membership (how many), duration of term and how members are elected (explain the nature of single-member, plurality elections) for both chambers of Congress
answer
House 435 members (by population), 2 year term, entire house elected every 2 years, 25 yrs old, citizen 7 yrs, must live in state where district is located 100 Senators, 2 from ea state, 6 yrs, staggered 1/3 every two years, at least 30 yrs old, citizen for 9 yrs in state
question
What is an incumbent (define the term) and what benefits do incumbents possess that enable them to be reelected so frequently? How often are they re-elected?
answer
Person running for election that already holds the office. Benefits: campaign supporters, established money and contributors, already known, constituent services, franking privileges, ability of members of congress to send out mail to constituents for free, Gerrymandering: manipulating how districts are drawn.
question
What are the two ways that our Legislature is organized?
answer
The Political Party and Committee System
question
What is a Standing Committee
answer
Standing Committees are permanent
question
What is a Select Committee
answer
temporary, must be renewed every 2 years
question
What is a Joint Committee
answer
Includes members of both houses
question
What is a Conference Committee
answer
a type of joint committee with one job, to reconcile 2 slightly different versions of same law
question
What is a subcommittee
answer
Smaller part of a committee
question
Know and explain the duties of the following positions: Speaker of the House
answer
Most powerful, Sends bills to committee, decides who sits on committee, decides who chairs committee, Chairman of House Rules Committee, Is the focal point, 2nd in line for President
question
Know and explain duties of President of the Senate
answer
VP, Opens and closes senate session, tie breaker
question
Know and explain duties of Majority/Minority Leaders
answer
They are the spokesmen of the parties
question
Know and explain duties of Whips
answer
persuade party members to vote a certain way on a bill
question
Know and explain duties of: President Pro-Temp of the Senate?
answer
Subs for Vice President
question
How does a bill become a law? Explain the process and know how difficult it is for a bill to become a law.
answer
1. Introduced by member of that chamber 2. Assigned to a committee for deliberation, then sent to subcommittee 3. Floor action: submitted to the full chamber for debate 4. Conference Committee: bill is reconciled then sent to both chambers for another vote 5. Goes to President for signature or veto, If vetoed, can be overturned by 2/3 vote
question
How is the President elected?
answer
By the indirect vote. Popular vote is tallied, each state is given a certain amount of electerates based on state population for prior census. Popular vote in each state goes to the winning party. Electoral college cast votes for President
question
How long is a Presidential term?
answer
4 years
question
How many times can a President be reelected?
answer
2 terms, no more than a total of 10 years
question
What powers does the Presidency possess?
answer
Commander in Chief of Armed Forces Make treaties Nominate ambassadors Present info on State of the Union to Congress Recommend legislation to Congress Convene both House and Senate under extraordinary cases Adgourn congress Veto legislation Take care that laws are faithfully executed Nominate officials Request written opinions of Administrative officials Fill admin vacancies during congressional recess Grant reprieves Nominate federal judges
question
Explain what Presidents formal/expressed powers are
answer
Formal/Expressed Powers: Executive power, pardons, recommend legislation, veto legislation, convene congress, Receive Ambassadors, make treaties, make appointments, Commander in Chief
question
What does the term, the imperial presidency, refer to? (define the term)
answer
President has the powers have expanded over time do to changes in the technological threats, advancements in weaponry and information gathering. The president has the power of an emperor.
question
Explain what President's delegated powers,
answer
Powers delegated to the president by the Congress
question
Explain what President's inherent/implied/inferred powers and the power to persuade
answer
Powers that the President believes he has. Example powers previous President had and used
question
How is the federal judiciary organized? How many tiers
answer
3 tiers. Supreme Court, Court of Appeals, District Courts
question
How is the federal judiciary organized? Name & job of each tier?)
answer
Supreme Court, highest court, Court of Appeals, intermediate level, strictly appealate District Courts, lowest level 94 judicial districts, trial, no appeals
question
What kinds of court opinions does the Supreme Court issue?
answer
Majority Opinions
question
How many Justices sit on the Supreme Court?
answer
9
question
What powers does the Supreme Court have (what utility does the Supreme Court serve?)?
answer
Final authority over both state and federal courts Power of Judicial Review, Chief Justice sits on trial of Impeachment, Settle disputes, interprets the Consititution
question
What is the process of Supreme Court hearing a case (procedure)?
answer
Decide what to hear Written arguments/briefs are submitted and studied Oral arguments are heard Court conferences are held Opinion is written.
question
What is the process of Supreme Court choosing a case.
answer
Rules of Access: Original Jurisdiction Legal Controversy National Significant Appeal jurisdiction through certiorari process
question
Explain what is meant by the term 'judicial review'
answer
Declare legislative or executive branch acts unconstitutional
question
What is the process of Supreme Court presiding over a case
answer
question
Explain what is meant by the term 'highest appellate court'
answer
It has final authority over all courts
question
What is meant by the phrase: Rule of Four
answer
Only four justices must vote yes to place on docket
question
How is the power of the Federal Judiciary checked/balanced/constrained?
answer
SC over Pres: may declare executive action unlawful, unconstitutional Pres over SC: Nominates federal judges, may issue pardons, executes court decisions SC over Congress: Power to interpret legal disputes arising under acts of Congress, may declare acts unconstitutional Congress over SC: Decides size of federal courts System, # of SC justices and appellate jurisdiction of SC. May impeach and remove Federal Judges. may rewrite legislation that courts have interpreted and initiate constitutional amendments, confirm judicial nominees
question
What kind of cases are the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?
answer
State vs state, cases involving ambassadors
question
What is meant by the phrase: Judicial Activism
answer
courts providing justice and fairness
question
What is meant by the phrase: Judicial Constraint
answer
just interpreting the constitution
question
What is a civil liberty?
answer
Political freedoms that protect people from government abuses of power. They are in the Bill of Rights.
question
What is a civil right?
answer
.A demand we make on government to ensure protection of civil liberties.
question
How is a civil liberty different than a civil right?
answer
Civil Liberties are freedoms given to us by the Bill of Rights. Civil Rights - government cannot violate these freedoms
question
How are our civil liberties protected?
answer
The Bill of Rights
question
How are our civil rights protected?
answer
Rooted in laws and equal protection clause of the 14th amendment. The Supreme Court.
question
How did the 14th Amendment impact civil rights?
answer
All citizens are given equal protection under the law.
question
Plessy vs Ferguson
answer
Allowed complete segregation. Forbade interracial marriage and mandated separation of races in neighborhoods, hotel, etc...
question
Jim Crow Laws
answer
Established separate but equal. Allowed segregation as long as blacks had equal facilities.
question
Brown v Board of Education?
answer
Rejected separate but equal followed by Brown II which ordered schools desegregated.
question
What are the specific functions that elections perform/provide?
answer
Means to hold elected officials accountable Means to socialize political activity A way to bolster the government's power A method to exert mass influence in politics
question
How does our government regulate elections?
answer
Decides how many votes it takes to win. Decides whether single member or plurality. Decides requirements for different offices. FEC sets disclosures and finance rules.
question
What was the first and last Constitutional Amendments that enlarged the US electorate?
answer
15th Amend - extended voting rights to all races 26th Amend - extended voting rights to age 18
question
How is the President elected?
answer
Electoral college. 270 votes needed to win.
question
How are member to the House of Reps. elected?
answer
Single member, plurality elections
question
What are the causal variables (factors) that shape voting behavior?
answer
Age, gender, race, education, income
question
What characteristics describe the person who statistically is the most versus least likely to vote?
answer
White, college grad, 55 yrs and up
question
What characteristics describe the typical voter for the Democratic Party?
answer
female, minority, under age 50,single, non college grad, most important issues foreign policy, economy, health care,
question
What about the Republican Party?
answer
male, white, over age 50, married, college grad, issues: deficit, economy
question
What are some current problems with the way elections are held in the US (issues of concern)?
answer
Low voter turnout, voting irregularities, high cost of running for office, campaign finance rules, gerrymandering,
question
Hard money
answer
Contributions by individuals and PACs that are for political change
question
Soft Money
answer
unregulated contributions to parties to assist in party-building or voter registration efforts
question
PAC
answer
Private group that raises and distributes funds for election campaigns $5000 to a candidate, $15,000 to a national party Can receive $5000 from any one person
question
Super PAC
answer
Independent expenditure only committees Cannot make contributions to candidate campaigns or parties No legal limit to funds they can raise
question
501.c4
answer
issue advocacy groups no donor information revealed
question
What is gerrymandering?
answer
The deliberate drawing of congresstional districts to influence the outcome of an election
question
What is the impact of gerrymandering?
answer
question
What is the impact of gerrymandering on politics?
answer
Pack a district with voters of one party or dilute another party's voters
question
What did our Founding Fathers think of political parties?
answer
question
What are political parties? Define the term
answer
To elect their members to office.
question
What do political parties do? Explain the various functions/activities they perform
answer
Recruit candidates Get out the vote Facilitate mass electoral choice Influence national government Run campaigns Parties act together and vote the same way
question
Why do we still have a 2-Party system?
answer
Smaller shared idealogical preferences and goals We like checks and balances Historical legacy
question
Explain what factors hinder the rise of more political parties with a real chance of winning federal office while reinforcing the existing of two major parties such as the impact of the rational voter and rational candidate.
answer
We know that only the top 2 candidates have a chance at winning, therefore there is no reason to vote or run don't want to waste vote. Money is thrown away because it is so expensive. Also, candidates are scutinized.
question
How do political parties select their presidential candidate?
answer
Through primaries and caucuses. Every state has a vote
question
What is the difference between a primary versus a caucus?
answer
Primaries are closed to party only. Caucus used by small states under 100 people attend. Cannot leave until final count. Also discuss party platform.
question
What is done at a political party's national convention?
answer
Party debates and votes on party platform and chooses nominee.
question
What issues are confronting American political parties in the current period?
answer
Polarization of Dems and Republicans. Ticket splitting Decline of party identification Rise of media and internet Impact of Tea Party Peoples fatigue of existing parties-view as corrupt.
question
What is meant by the term 'linkage institution'?
answer
Links peple t politics and polit
question
Define what an interest group is?
answer
Organized group of people that make policy related appeals to government. Actively attempt to influence policymakers in all branches of government at all levels.
question
What is a lobbyist?
answer
Someone that is hired to influence legislatures toward a certain cause
question
Which interest groups are important to American politics today?
answer
AARP, AFL CIO, NRA, NEA, Sierra Club, Pharmaceutical PhRMA
question
What functions (positive roles) do interest groups fulfill in American politics?
answer
They work together, accountability, information. Like minded people working together.Solidarity, coercion. Education, Information, Participation, give money to PACS
question
How do interest groups attempt to influence policy development & implementation? (strategies)
answer
Direct lobbying, litigation, pay for court fees and atty, mobilizing public opinion, electoral politics, money,
question
Why is it that the involvement of interest groups in politics is often criticized?
answer
Poor under represented. bias toward rich and upper class, buying politicians, revolving door for Capitol Hill to K St. They draft legislation
question
Utility of Media in Democratic Society
answer
i. Acts as a watch dog ii. Necessary agent to keep govt accountable
question
Define the term 'media' and be able to explain its various types (forms)
answer
Agent of Mass Communication print media, TV, Radio, Internet
question
What are some major trends regarding the media? (ei. Most popular? Least? Ownership? etc.)
answer
Newspapers are declining even though they supply the best information Audio and Visual tend to listen to only those that agree with them
question
What are the sources of power for the media? Be able to explain each source of power
answer
Agenda setting - Controlling the information Priming - using music and images to psychologically alter the way information is rcvd Frames - Spinning info, commentary and talking points Adversarial Journalism - Viewing the government with a healthy skepticism and searching out for the truth via investigative reporting of government
question
Agenda setting
answer
Controlling the information
question
Priming
answer
using music and images to psychologically alter the way information is rcvd
question
Frames
answer
Spinning info, commentary and talking points
question
Adversarial Journalism
answer
Viewing the government with a healthy skepticism and searching out for the truth via investigative reporting of government
question
How do politicians attempt to influence the media?
answer
Leaks, press releases, press conferences, managed coverage, lack of disclosure
question
Why do people criticize the American media's contemporary role in politics?
answer
How we be well informed if they media is shaped by the very people that media is covering.
question
How do the unique attributes of California affect our politics?
answer
Area is large and difficult to govern Large population creates demands Competing interests economic issues, government must be strong Higher costs of voting - ballots, languages
question
Explain the direct democracy strategies of: initiatives, referendum, and recall-1. What are they?
answer
Initiative: Propositions, away for voters to propose a law by petition and then put on ballot Referendum: 2 types, a) allows voters to approve or reject amendments passed by Senate Legislature. b) Allows us to repeal a law passed by Sacramento Recall: Voters can petition for a special election to remove an official from office
question
initiatives, referendum, and recall-Why do we have them?
answer
to bypass red tape and go directly to the people
question
The Legislature: Assembly
answer
80 members, 2 year term, 3 term max. total of 6 years Make Laws, establish taxes, propose amendments, establish and regulate court, create maintain public schools, regulate commercial activities
question
The Legislature: Senate
answer
40 members, 4 year term, 2 term max, total of 8 years Senate approves 170 political appointments Make Laws, establish taxes, propose amendments, establish and regulate court, create maintain public schools, regulate commercial activities
question
The Legislature: Governor
answer
4 year term, 2 term max if served after Nov 2009 Powers: veto bills, heads the CA budget, directs CHP, Commander in Chief of Natl Guard, Executes laws, manages CA exec branch, Power of appt of over 170 appointees, decides clemency, calls special sessions, calls special elections
question
The Legislature: Lieutenant Governor
answer
4 year term, 2 term limit Preside over CA Senate, acting gov, on boards of Cal University & Economic Development Commiss.
question
The Legislature: Secretary of State
answer
4 year 2 Term in charge of elections and state record keeper
question
The Legislature: Insurance Commissioner
answer
4 year 2 Term Monitors corporations that sell insurance, consumer advocate
question
The Legislature: Attorney General
answer
4 year 2 Term chief legal advisor to the state law enforcement, prepares propositions for the ballot
question
The Legislature: Controller
answer
4 year 2 Term State Accountant
question
The Legislature: Treasurer
answer
4 year 2 Term State Banker, taxes
question
The California Judiciary Who? How many? For how long (term length)? Powers? And Elected how?
answer
Supreme: 12 year term, 7 justices Appeals: 12 year term, 93 justices Superior: 6 year term, 58 Courts
question
Budget: What are the top 3 sources of income & expenditures for the California General Fund?
answer
Income tax, sales tax, corp tax
question
Budget: What is the process/ procedure for creating and approving the California Budget?
answer
Agencies....Gov, Dept of Finance.... Assembly/Senate.......Legislative analysis.....Assembly/Senate subcommittees.....revisions.......Full committee Assembly/Senate.....Assembly/Senate Floor....Budget Conference Committee......Assembly/Senate Floor.....Gov sign/line item vetos
Boston Tea Party
Declaration Of War
United States Government-Comprehensive
Essay about Declaration of Independence – Flashcards 16 terms

Daniel Hardy
16 terms
Preview
Essay about Declaration of Independence – Flashcards
question
Was the Declaration of Independence intended to be a formal declaration of war? Why or why not?
answer
No. The war started a year before the Declaration of Independence was written
question
Which best describes why the Boston Tea Party is considered such a significant event in US history?
answer
It was the first major act of defiance by the colonists.
question
Which part of the Declaration of Independence acts as an implied plan of action, in that it lists laws and practices to be changed?
answer
the body
question
Which best summarizes the social contract outlined in the Preamble to the Declaration of Independence?
answer
Government has the power to protect natural rights, but people can change their government if it fails to do so.
question
The Declaration of Independence refers to rights as being unalienable. What does "unalienable" mean?
answer
cannot be surrendered
question
Why were taxes an ongoing source of conflict for the American colonists?
answer
They were taxed without having representation in Parliament.
question
Does the preamble to the Declaration of Independence indicate reasons why the new independent government might be similarly removed or overthrown? Why or why not?
answer
Yes. It outlines when it is appropriate to remove a government.
question
The preamble to the Declaration of Independence outlines the principles upon which the new government would be based. Which of these best describes one of those principles?
answer
a government based on a social contract
question
Which reason best explains why this grievance was included in the Declaration?
answer
Trade focused on generating income for the Crown only
question
Why did Thomas Paine question British authority to rule the colonies in Common Sense?
answer
He believed the king would only approve laws that benefited Britain
question
As the result of a conflict between British troops and a colonial militia in Massachusetts,
answer
Thomas Paine published Common Sense.
question
In which section of the Declaration of Independence is the purpose of government described?
answer
the introduction
question
Which statement describes a natural right?
answer
the rights that cannot, or should not, be taken away
question
John Locke, an Enlightenment-era philosopher, influenced the American movement for independence. Locke believed that all people were entitled to natural rights. Which quotation from the preamble to the Declaration of Independence enshrines natural rights?
answer
"[T]hey are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
question
The Declaration of Independence intended to end British rule in the colonies, and grant citizens
answer
the right to self-govern
question
What purpose did the introduction to the Declaration of Independence serve?
answer
It indicated why independence was necessary
AP United States History
Boston Tea Party
First Continental Congress
History of the Americas
US History Unit 2 test – Flashcards 37 terms

Keisha White
37 terms
Preview
US History Unit 2 test – Flashcards
question
Why were the Intolerable Acts were passed?
answer
to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party
question
Which conflict created the debt that American colonists were expected to repay to Great Britain during the 1760s?
answer
The French and Indian War
question
Under the terms of this agreement, Britain acknowledged American independence, and the new boundaries for the United States were established:
answer
the Treaty of Paris of 1783
question
This European country became the most significant ally of the colonists during the Revolutionary War:
answer
France
question
The Proclamation of 1763 declared:
answer
the limitation of westward colonial expansion in an effort to stabilize relations with Native Americans
question
Thomas Paine's Common Sense was important because it:
answer
convinced many Americans who had been undecided to support independence
question
Colonists who favored independence from Britain were known as:
answer
patriots
question
Which event is reflected by the following headlines? "Washington's Gamble Succeeds" "A Christmas the Continental Army - and the Hessians - Will Never Forget" "A Surprise Attack and Victory Improves Morale"
answer
The Continental Army's crossing of the Delaware River into Trenton
question
Why were the Committees of Correspondence were created?
answer
to keep all the colonies informed of English threats to American liberties
question
This French aristocrat aided the Continental Army by leading a command in Virginia and lobbying for French reinforcements:
answer
Marquis de Lafayette
question
Tensions rose in the colonies when this incident left Crispus Attucks and four others dead:
answer
Boston Massacre
question
This law, passed by Parliament, required colonists to pay a direct tax on printed items such as newspapers, playing cards and legal documents:
answer
Stamp Act
question
In writing the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson drew most heavily from the ideas of this Enlightenment era philosopher:
answer
John Locke
question
A major argument for American independence found in the Declaration of Independence was that the British:
answer
deprived Americans of their natural rights
question
Continental Army: George Washington :: British Army :
answer
Lord Cornwallis
question
The system that ensures that no branch of the federal government becomes more powerful than the others is known as:
answer
checks and balances
question
The Continental Army won the war during this final battle when the American and French armies joined forces with two French fleets to surround the British and force their surrender:
answer
Battle of Yorktown
question
The Great Compromise was an agreement that addressed the issue of:
answer
Congressional representation of states
question
The essential purpose of the Bill of Rights was to:
answer
protect individual liberties of citizens
question
The Land Ordinance of 1785 was developed under the Articles of Confederation in order to:
answer
provide an orderly system of development for the Northwest Territory
question
The Three-Fifths Compromise settled a disagreement between:
answer
northern states and southern states
question
In the aftermath of Shays' Rebellion, many colonial leaders realized that the Articles of Confederation did not:
answer
give the federal government sufficient power to enforce federal law
question
"Involvement in European affairs would be a mistake. We should not jeopardize our peace and prosperity over issues that Europe's ambitions and rivalries control." The above statement by George Washington expressed his concern regarding:
answer
his position on foreign policy (stay out of European affairs)
question
Anti-Federalists were opposed to ratification of the Constitution because they feared that a powerful national government would lead to what 2 issues?
answer
lead to an abuse of power by the federal government and restrict individual rights
question
Each of the following is a right guaranteed by the Bill of Rights EXCEPT the right to 1. a jury trial 2. a college education 3. express an unpopular viewpoint 4. organize parades and protests
answer
2. a college education
question
Adding a Bill of Rights to the Constitution was championed by which particular group?
answer
Anti-Federalists
question
Which of these men was NOT a federalist? Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson George Washington John Adams
answer
Thomas Jefferson
question
The Federalist Papers were published to build support for:
answer
ratification of the Constitution
question
He is known as the "Father of the Constitution."
answer
James Madison
question
Natural rights : John Locke :: separation of powers :
answer
Montesquieu
question
During the American Revolution, Benjamin Franklin played an important diplomatic role by:
answer
strengthening the colonies' alliance with France and obtaining French financial and military support
question
The Army . . . begins to grow sickly from the continued fatigues they have suffered this Campaign. . . . I am Sick - discontented - and out of humour. Poor food - hard lodging - Cold Weather - fatigue - Nasty [clothes] - nasty Cookery - Vomit half my time - the Devil's in't - I can't Endure it - Why are we sent here to starve and Freeze - Here all Confusion - smoke and Cold - hunger and filthiness - A pox on my bad luck. -- from the Diary of Albigence Waldo, 1777 What is the most likely location of Albigence Waldo when he wrote this diary entry?
answer
Valley Forge
question
The Whiskey Rebellion demonstrated the improved effectiveness of :
answer
the federal government under the Constitution
question
The system of government adopted by the Founding Fathers that divided power between the national and the state government is known as:
answer
federalism
question
Reflecting Back: Much as the Puritans founded Plymouth to escape religious persecution in England, which colony was founded to escape religious persecution by the Puritans?
answer
Rhode Island
question
Reflecting Back: The colony that was founded on principles of social equality and religious tolerance was:
answer
Pennsylvania
question
Who was excluded from the "all men are created equal" phrase in the Declaration of Independence?
answer
women African Americans Native Americans
AP European History
AP United States History
Boston Tea Party
Eighteenth Century
Latin American Independence
New England
US History Ch 2 – Flashcards 25 terms

Donna Chou
25 terms
Preview
US History Ch 2 – Flashcards
question
The attitude of King James I towards tobacco:
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showed that, in the end, he valued revenue more than good health
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Initially, Lord Baltimore intended that Maryland be a haven for:
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Catholics
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Unlike their southern counterparts, the first Englishmen who established colonies in New England were:
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in search of land and riches
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In 1624, Virginia became:
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a royal colony
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The individual largely responsible for Maryland's settlement was:
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Sir George Calvert
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The man who taught Virginians how to grow tobacco was:
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John Rolfe
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English settlers in seventeenth-century America could be characterized best in terms of their
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striking social diversity
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After 1618, the Virginia Company's principal means of attracting new settlers was:
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payment of one's passage to the colony of the company
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In 1622, Native American tribes in Virginia:
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attacked the English settlements
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The joint-stock company:
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encouraged investment in colonial enterprises with "limited liability" for the investors
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Jamestown might have gone the way Roanoke had it not been for the perseverance of:
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Captain John Smith
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Those who migrated to the Chesapeake Bay area as indentured servants were:
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normally single, lower-class males in their teens or early twenties
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Upon arriving in the New World. English settlers:
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generally adapted old beliefs to the new environment in order to survive
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The document in which the Pilgrims established a civil government for their Plymouth colony had become known as the
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Mayflower Compact
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The selection of a site for Jamestown was primarily based on settlers'
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fear of surprise attacks
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The _____ Company was responsible for the settlement of Jamestown:
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Virginia
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In which one of the following colonies was the death rate for the early colonists the most severe?
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Virginia
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The first three years of Jamestown's history witnessed:
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terrible hardship and suffering
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In which one of the following colonies were religious reasons the least important in explaining the founding of that colony?
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Virginia
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Jamestown's prosperity was ensured by:
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tobacco cultivation
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The Pilgrims, who left Holland to settle in America
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had few alternatives because they were being harassed by the Dutch government
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Under the "headright" system in Virginia
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all new arrivals who had paid their trans-Atlantic fares received 50-acre land grants
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Lord Baltimore's settlement in Maryland:
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never succeeded in becoming a feudal society
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To resolve the problem of the cast expenses that New World settlement required, English merchant-capitalists introduced the concept of:
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the joint-stock company
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Indentured servants:
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were working of the costs of their passages to America
AP United States History
Boston Tea Party
British East India Company
First Continental Congress
History of the Americas
United States History-Other
Honors US History A – Flashcards 434 terms

Amari Finch
434 terms
Preview
Honors US History A – Flashcards
question
Why did colonial women gather to spin thread and weave cloth?
answer
to support colonial boycotts against British-made goods
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Why did Parliament pass the Coercive Acts?
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to punish colonists for the Boston Tea Party
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What did the colonists do to let British Parliament know they were against the new taxes?
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They stopped buying British goods
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Why did colonists protest passage of the Stamp Act?
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They believed that without representation in Parliament, they should not be taxed
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Why did the Sons of Liberty form?
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to lead popular protests against the Stamp Act
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At the First Continental Congress, what significant action did the delegates organize against the British?
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They called for a boycott of all British imports
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Which of the following was included in Patrick Henry's Virginia Resolves?
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Colonists could only be taxed by colonial assemblies
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What role did Parliament play in the events that led to the Boston Tea Party?
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Parliament allowed the British East India Company to sell tea directly to colonists
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Why did Parliament raise taxes on the colonies after the French and Indian War?
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to pay war debts and keep the colonies safe
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Why was the meeting of the First Continental Congress in 1774 a significant event?
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It represented an attempt to unify colonies and colonists against the Coercive Acts
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Why did Thomas Paine write Common Sense?
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To persuade the colonies to declare independence
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What important responsibility did the Second Continental Congress take on in May 1775?
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the war against Great Britain
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Which term might a Loyalist have used to describe a Patriot gathering or committee?
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unlawful
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Which rights were described as natural rights by philosophers of the Enlightenment?
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life and liberty
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Which statement is true about the Loyalists?
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They felt that Parliament and the Crown must be obeyed as the legitimate government of the Empire
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Which document did the Second Continental Congress send to King George III to reaffirm colonists allegiance to him, but not to Parliament?
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Olive Branch Petition
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Which of the following Patriots drafted the Declaration of Independence?
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Thomas Jefferson
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Which Patriot wrote an influential book that denounced British aristocrats as frauds and parasites?
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Thomas Paine
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What term is used to refer to full-time farmers who fought part-time for the Patriots?
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militia
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Why did enslaved people run away to join the British forces?
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Enslaved people were seeking liberty
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Which of the following contributed to the United States' economic weakness at the beginning of the Revolutionary War?
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the lack of authority to collect taxes
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Why did a majority of Native Americans choose to side with the British during the Revolutionary War?
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the British said they would stop colonists from settling in the West
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What role did Benjamin Franklin play in relations between France and the United States?
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Franklin was the main negotiator for the alliance with France
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What misguided strategy caused Lord William Howe and the British to fail?
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fighting a traditional war rather that trying to win the civilian support
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Victories in which of the following battles helped raise morale when the Patriot cause seemed to be lost?
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the Battles of Trenton and Princeton
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Why were the colonists angry that Great Britain had hired German mercenaries?
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German mercenaries had a reputation for being particularly brutal in battle
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What was one of General George Washington's skills as a military leader?
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leading retreats that saved the lives of his men
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At the battle of Bunker Hill, why did William Howe order his men to make a frontal assault in broad daylight?
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he believed his well-trained soldiers could beat untrained Patriot soldiers under any conditions
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Why was the fighting on the frontier in the Revolution especially destructive?
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Native Americans attacked colonial settlements, and colonists killed neutral Native Americans
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What was one difference between the British and American forces at the beginning of the Revolutionary War?
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British troops had better training and more supplies
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What was one reason that southern states passed laws after 1800 to discourage manumission?
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southern whites feared that freed blacks would seek revenge for past treatment as slaves
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In a famous letter of 1776, why did Abigail Adams ask John Adams to "remember the women" while drafting the new nations laws?
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Abigail Adams wanted legal protection for women
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Why did approximately 5000 African Americans join Patriot militias or the Continental Army or Navy?
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to gain their freedom
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What was one reason for the failure of British troops in the South?
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the British had to divert troops to defend Gulf Coast forts under Spanish attack
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Why did General George Cornwallis retreat from the Carolinas and march north into Virginia?
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Cornwallis decided he could not win the Carolinas after losing two key battles
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Which of the following led the British army to make tactical mistakes that finally led them to lose the Revolutionary War?
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lack of respect for the Patriot soldiers
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How did the Partiots' victory in the American Revolution affect Native Americans?
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it left them vulnerable to the American hunger for land
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Which American Patriot helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris?
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Benjamin Franklin
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What was one of the key terms of the Treaty of Paris?
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Great Britain recognized American independence and granted boundaries
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After the Treaty of Paris was signed, about 90000 Loyalists became refugees. Where did about half of them resettle?
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the area that later became Canada
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What was the purpose of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?
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to provide a system of government for the Northwest Territory
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How did the Articles of Confederation reflect the ideals stated in the Declaration of Independence?
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it rejected centralized power
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Why was it difficult for Congress to fund its operation?
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Congress relied on contributions from the states
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Why did some leaders believe that unicameral legislatures created a more democratic government?
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all teh members of the single house are elected by the people
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What was the purpose of the Land Ordinance of 1785?
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to subdivide and sell land in the Northwest Territory
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In what way did democratic Patriots such as Thomas Paine differ from conservative Patriots in their view of republics as a form of government?
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Democratic Patriots wanted the greatest amount of power among the greatest number of people
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Why did some states chose bicameral legislatures?
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to balance power between the House and the Senate
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Under the leadership of John Dickinson of Pennsylvania, the Congress designed which of the following?
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the Articles of Confederation
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Which of the following was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation?
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Congress could not establish a common currency
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Which of the following was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation?
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Congress could not regulate interstate trade
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What agreement was reached with the Great Compromise?
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states would be represented equally in the Senate and proportionally in the House
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Why did delegates gather in 1787 for the Constitutional Convention?
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to amend the Articles of Confederation
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What was the main purpose of the Three-Fifths Compromise?
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to increase the power of southern states in Congress
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What is the main reason that the Constitution did not proclaim that all men were born free and equal in their rights?
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southern states opposed it
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Under the Virginia Plan, who would command the armed forces and manage foreign relations?
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the President
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Most Americans agreed on what two changes to the Articles of Confederation?
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granting Congress the power to regulate commerce and to tax the people
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Why did James Madison believe that a large, diverse republic would be best for the common good?
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diverse interests could check one another
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What was the Three-Fifths Compromise?
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each slave was counted as three-fifths of a person to be added to a state's free population in allocating representatives
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What was one way the Virginia Plan resembled rule under the British Parliament?
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it gave the national Congress the power to veto any state law
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Why did small states, in particular, prefer the New Jersey Plan?
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it represented the states as equals
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The Constitution granted different responsibilities to each branch of government. This is an example of which Constitutional principle?
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separation of powers
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Why did Antofederalists believe that the Constitution was a threat to liberty?
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it created a strong central government
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Which of the following is an accurate description of the Bill of Rights?
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these ten amendments protected individual freedoms
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What is popular sovereignty?
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the idea that the political authority of government comes from the people
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Which of the following is an example of the Constitution's system of checks and balances?
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the President would nominate judges, but the Senate has to approve them
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The electoral college is an example of which of the following?
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indirect democracy
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What was the Constitution's system of checks and balances designed to do?
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prevent the emergence of a single domineering center of power
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How did the Constitution ensure limited government?
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it specifically states what powers the government has
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What was the purpose of the Constitution?
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to outline key ideas in support of the Constitution
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For the Constitution to be approved, how many states of the original thirteen were needed to ratify it?
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nine
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What did Alexander Hamilton believe was one of the benefits of his plan regarding the national debt?
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the plan would enrich investors and promote new businesses
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Why were Alexander Hamilton's plans to tax the American people opposed by many southerners?
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they did not want to bail the northerners out
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Which cabinet position was established by an act of Congress?
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Attorney General
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Why did some Americans form political clubs, known as the Democratic Societies?
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to oppose the Federalists
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How did Alexander Hamilton's and Thomas Jefferson's views toward the interpretation of the Constitution differ?
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Alexander Hamilton believed in a loose interpretation, while Thomas Jefferson believed in a strict interpretation
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Why did the authors of the Constitution want to avoid political parties?
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They believed political parties threatened the unity of a republic
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What was the purpose of the Cabinet formed during Washington's term?
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to advise the President
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How did Alexander Hamilton plan to handle the national debt?
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by selling government bonds to fund the debt
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How did Congress organize the judiciary system?
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13 federal district courts, 3 circuit courts, and 1 Supreme Court
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Which two parties emerged after the Whiskey Rebellion?
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Federalists and Democratic Republicans
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How did the Alien and Sedition Acts divide American political parties?
answer
Federalists supported the acts. Democratic-Republicans opposed them
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Why did the Miami Indians fight the Americans?
answer
American settlers took their land
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What did American gain from the 1795 treaty with Spain?
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shipping rights on the Mississippi River and access to New orleans
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Why did the United States end the negotiations with France during the XYZ Affair?
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French officials demanded that the United States pay bribes
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What were the provisions of the Jay Treaty of 1794?
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The British gave up forts on American soil, but kept restrictions on American ships and required Americans to repay their debts
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In what area did the British keep forts after the American Revolution?
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the American territory along the Great Lakes
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What prompted the passage of the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions?
answer
the Sedition Act
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What event opened up the Northwest Territory to American expansion?
answer
the Treaty of Greenville
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Why was keeping peace with the British important to the United States?
answer
the United States depended on imported goods from Great Britain
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Why did Federalists target immigrants in the Alien and Sedition Acts?
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most immigrants supported the Democratic Republicans
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How did Thomas Jefferson end the Barbary War?
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he refused to pay the bribes and blockaded the port of Tripoli
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Why did Thomas Jefferson resist building a larger navy to fight British impressment of American soldiers?
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Jefferson did not want to raise taxes and did not want a large navy
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How did the purchase of the Louisiana Territory help the United States avoid war with European powers?
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it removed French control of New Orleans and the Mississppi River
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Why did Thomas Jefferson order the embargo against Great Britain in 1807?
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to prevent the British impressment of American sailors
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How did Thomas Jefferson's view of the national debt differ from that of Alexander Hamilton?
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Jefferson wanted to pay off the debt; Hamilton did not
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Why was the addition of land important to Thomas Jefferson's plan for the US economy?
answer
it would allow farm ownership to continue
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What actions did Thomas Jefferson take to lower the national debt?
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Jefferson streamlined government and increased sales of federal land
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What power does judicial review give the Supreme Court?
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to review acts of Congress and the President to decide if they are constitutional
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What action by Thomas Jefferson did he say was " an act beyond the Constitution"?
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the US purchase of land from a foreign government
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Which of Thomas Jefferson's constitutional principles did the Louisiana Purchase go against?
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the principle of limited federal government
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What effect did the end of the British war with France have on the War of 1812?
answer
it freed large numbers of British troops to fight in North America
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What was the result of the Battle of Tippecanoe?
answer
the Native American movement lost some of its power
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What did the Treaty of Ghent do?
answer
it restored the pre-war boundaries between the United States and Canada
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Why was Andrew Jackson's battle at New Orleans unecessary?
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the Treaty of Ghent had already been signed
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Why did the War Hawks push for the invasion of British-held Canada?
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to deprive the Indians of their main source of arms
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What was the effect of settlers pouring into Spanish Florida after the war?
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Spain's decision to cede Florida to the United States
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What did the delegates at the Hartford Convention demand from the government?
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amendments to the Constitution that would strengthen New England's political power
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What was the goal of Macon's Bill No. 2?
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to persude Great Britain and France to recognize American neutrality
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Why did the American troops often lose battles to much smaller forces?
answer
they were poorly trained and inexperienced
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What was a surprise to Americans and a shock to the British during the early fighting of the War of 1812?
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the small American navy fought well
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During the early 1800s, what factor contributed most to the South having an agricutlural economy?
answer
the South had fertile soil and a warm climate
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What is one reason industrialization spread in the Northeast?
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more capital was available to build factories
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What was the overall impact of Eli Whitney's introduction of interchangeable parts?
answer
a wide range of goods could be made more efficiently
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How did using interchangeable parts change the makeup of the labor force in the early 1800s?
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fewer skilled craftsmen were required
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How did Samuel Slater and Francis Cabot Lowell change early American industry?
answer
they opened textile mills that employed many workers
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How did nativists respond to increased immigration from Ireland and Germany?
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they pushed for laws to discourage immigration or deny political rights to immigrants
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What was one purpose for the creation of the Workingman's Party?
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to protect the rights of skilled workers
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What is one way in which factory work changed people's lives?
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it enabled untrained workers to find jobs
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What is one way in which southern and northern societies differed in the 1800s?
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the South had fewer large cities than the North
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How did the cotton gin affect slavery in the South?
answer
it created an increase in the demand for slaves
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What actions prompted John Quincy Adams to write the Monroe Doctrine?
answer
threats from European powers to recover Latin American colonies
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How did the Missouri Compromise affect the spread of slavery?
answer
it drew a line through western territories to determine future free and slave states
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What did the Missouri Compromise propose?
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Missouri would be admitted to the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state
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What group benefited the most from the Supreme Court decisions in McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Odgen?
answer
federal government
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What caused the economic panics in the 1800s?
answer
the supply of goods exceeded the demand
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What impact did the Marshall Court have on the American economic system?
answer
it encouraged the development of more large corporations
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What did the United States promise in the Monroe Doctrine?
answer
to stay out of European affairs
question
Which statement best describes US foreign policy during the Monroe administration?
answer
the United States sought to expand its borders into Spanish territories
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Why was the creation of a national bank so important to the US ecomony?
answer
the national bank controlled the money supply
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What was the purpose of the Missouri Compromise?
answer
to settle future disputes about the spread of slavery
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What is the spoils system?
answer
the use of political jobs as a reward for party loyalty
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What right was granted to the federal government by the Force Bill?
answer
the right to enforce federal laws, including the collection of protective tariffs
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Why did industrialists favor the national bank?
answer
they believed it promoted economic growth
question
What action affected the second Bank of the United States after Jackson's reelction?
answer
Jackson removed the bank's funds and placed them in state banks
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Why did Andrew Jackson support the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
answer
Southerners wanted him to remove Native Americans from the South
question
What happened after Congress renewed the charter for the Bank of the United States?
answer
President Andrew Jackson vetoed the bill
question
What impact did President Andrew Jackson's actions in the 1830s have on the economy?
answer
they caused inflation to rise
question
What was the "Trail of Tears"?
answer
the forced removal of Cherokee Indians from the Southeast to Oklahoma
question
How did John Tyler betray his party after assuming the presidency?
answer
he vetoed legislation to restore the national bank
question
How did elections change in the early 1800s?
answer
male voter turnout increased dramatically
question
Which of the following northern groups supported the South in its resistance to abolition?
answer
urban white workers and wealthy industrialists
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What was one way the overseers punished slaves?
answer
they threatened to separate slaves from their family members
question
Which of the following best summarizes the Gag Rule?
answer
a law that prohibited the debate and discussion of slavery in Congress
question
Which well-known abolitionist spoke about his difficult life as a slave?
answer
Frederick Douglass
question
Why did most free African Americans dislike the American Colonization Society's plan for black migration to Africa?
answer
they had been born in the United States and considered it home
question
How did William Lloyd Garrison's Anti-Slavery Society fight against slavery?
answer
by printing and distributing antislavery pamphlets
question
How did Nat Turner show resistance to slavery?
answer
he organized a slave revolt
question
What measure did some southern states take to prevent a slave revolt?
answer
they passed strict laws and controls pertaining to slavery
question
How were the ideas of northern abolitionists prevented from reaching southerners?
answer
post offices refused to deliver abolitionist publications
question
How did the southern slaveholders claim that the North benefitted from slavery?
answer
they pointed out that the North's textile industry depended on southern cotton
question
What did Margaret Fuller believe?
answer
Women needed freedom to develop the powers that they possessed
question
What restrictions on American women in the 1800s prevented them from having a role in politics?
answer
they were not allowed to vote or hold office
question
In the 1830s, women began to compare their lack of rights to that of what group?
answer
slaves
question
What did Sojourner Truth do that most women of the day were not allowed to do?
answer
she lectured to audiences
question
What movement did Susan B. Anthony help to lead?
answer
suffrage
question
Why did some groups living in America give women a significant amount of power?
answer
they belonged to groups with a matrilineal culture
question
What was one source of division among the women who were involved in the abolition movement?
answer
whether women should be allowed to join in the men's business meetings
question
What led Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton to work together?
answer
their outrage that women were refused full participation in business meetings
question
What was the effect of the Seneca Falls Convention?
answer
it resulted in a few concrete improvements in women's rights
question
What spurred American trade with northern Mexico?
answer
the revolution that established Mexico as an independent republic
question
What were Americans who favored territorial growth across North America called?
answer
expansionists
question
Which statement best describes the effects of the 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie?
answer
the Indians crossed artificial boundaries, setting the stage for conflict
question
What was the purpose of the Treaty of Fort Laramie?
answer
to keep Native Americans away from migration routes used by westward settlers
question
Why were the Great Plains and the Great Basin major obstacles to wagon trains journeying West?
answer
both areas were dry and hot, with few rivers
question
Expansionists used the term "Manifest Destiny" to justify what belief?
answer
the belief that God wanted the United States to own North America
question
What contributed to the rapid growth of the Hispanic population of New Mexico during the early 1800s?
answer
increased safety in the colony
question
Who were the Mountain Men?
answer
young American trappers and traders in the Rocky Mountains
question
Who was responsible for leading the Mormon exodus to the colony of New Zion on the shore of the Great Salt Lake?
answer
Brigham Young
question
During the Spanish colonial period, what group posed the greatest threat to settlers in New Mexico?
answer
nomadic Native Americans
question
What effect did the California Gold Rush have on Mexican Californians?
answer
they lost most of their land
question
Why did the coup led by Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna anger Anglo-Texans and Tejanos?
answer
it sought to undermine their autonomy
question
What did California become during the Mexican War?
answer
an independent republic
question
What was the result of the Mexican army's victory over the Texan garrison at the Alamo?
answer
the fallen defenders became heroes of the cause of Texan independence
question
Why did the United States make the Gadsden Purchase is 1853?
answer
to gain land for a railroad across the continent
question
Following the Mexican-American War, which issue broke party unity and divided Congress largely along sectional lines?
answer
the extension of slavery into territories acquired from Mexico
question
What did the Wilmot Provisio do?
answer
ban slavery in land obtained from Mexico
question
Why was placer mining the most widely used method of mining for gold?
answer
placer mining was affordable to a large number of prospectors
question
During the California Gold Rush, how did newcomers from the eastern United States assert their dominance over California?
answer
they levied a heavy tax on foreign miners
question
What caused frequent violence to break out in mining camps?
answer
men were frustrated by failure to find gold
question
How did the views of the Whigs and Democrats differ from those in the Free-Soil Party?
answer
the Whigs and Democrats embraced the idea of popular soverignty
question
Why did southerners feel the federal government was not protecting their interests?
answer
the federal government did not enforce the Fugitive Slave Law of 1793
question
How was northern society different from southern society?
answer
northern society became more diverse than southern due to heavy immigration through northern ports
question
How did the Fugitive Slave Act favor the South?
answer
it imposed fines for hiding runaway slaves
question
Who suggested that the South should secede from the Union if an agreement could not be reached on slavery?
answer
John Calhoun
question
Which statement best describes the main goal of the Free-Soil Party?
answer
slavery must not be allowed to spread to western territories
question
How did the Compromise of 1850 address the question of slavery in Washington DC?
answer
slavery continued in Washington DC, but slave trading was banned
question
How did the Free-Soil Party influence the election of Whig Zachary Taylor in 1848?
answer
the Free-Soil candidate drew votes away from the Democratic candidate
question
Which of the following describes a characteristic of the North's economy?
answer
it focused on technology and industry
question
What was the overall result of the Free-Soil Party's participation in the election of 1848?
answer
by receiving 10 percent of the vote, it was clear its antislavery platform had captured Americans' attention
question
What was the long term effect of the "Bleeding Kansas" problem?
answer
the North and South became more divided over the issue of slavery
question
How did personal liberty laws increase tensions between the North and the South over the Fugitive Slave Act?
answer
some northern states used personal liberty laws to nullify the Fugitive Slave Act, written to help the South
question
Who was the Underground Railroad "conductor" known as "Black Moses"?
answer
Harriet Tubman
question
What was an effect of the events in "Bleeding Kansas"?
answer
tensions and violence over slavery spread outside Kansas
question
Why did some northerners object to dividing the Nebraska Territory in two?
answer
it would allow slavery to spread north of the line established by the Missouri Compromise
question
Why did some northerners support personal liberty laws?
answer
they resented federal intervention in the affairs of independent states
question
Why did southerners support the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
answer
they thought that granting popular sovereignty would allow slavery
question
What was John Brown's role in the violence that led to "Bleeding Kansas"?
answer
he killed a group of proslavery settlers near Pottawatomie Creek
question
Why did the publication of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" infuriate people in the South?
answer
it showed that some slave owners were cruel
question
What did Harriet Beecher Stowe do that increased tensions between the North and the South?
answer
she wrote a novel that aroused compassion for enslaved people
question
Which US political party broke up as a consequence of the Compromise of 1850?
answer
the Whig Party
question
What best summarizes why part of the nation was upset over the Dred Scott decision?
answer
the North was upset because the decision declared the Missouri Compromise to be unconstitutional
question
What role did Rodger B. Taney play in determining whether or not slaves could sue in the courts
answer
Taney led the US Supreme Court as Chief Justice in the Dred Scott decision
question
How did John Brown's raid impact the national issue of slavery?
answer
it increased tensions over the issue of slavery across the United States
question
During the Lincoln-Douglas debates, which position did Abraham Lincoln take?
answer
slaves had natural rights but were not entirely equal to whites
question
Why did John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry fail?
answer
few black or white Americans were prepared to join a rebellion led by a fanatical abolitionist
question
What effect did John Brown's raid and execution have in the North?
answer
some northerners came to admire him for trying to end slavery
question
What did Roger B. Taney do that increased regional tensions in the United States during the 1850s?
answer
during that time Taney led the Supreme Court, which declared slaves to be property
question
What statement best explains why John Brown's raid failed to unite forces that opposed slavery?
answer
northerners and southerners were not ready to resort to violence to abolish slavery
question
Over which issue did Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas disagree during their debates?
answer
whether slavery should be allowed in states where voters supported it
question
What was the most important factor in John Brown's decision to launch the raid at Harper's Ferry?
answer
Harper's Ferry was a hub of trains and canals, which provided escape routes
question
What contributed to the growth of the Know-Nothing movement in the mid-1850s?
answer
the growing immigrant population
question
What did presidential candidate John Bell condemn during the election of 1860?
answer
sectional political parties
question
When did Lincoln declare that there was an insurrection in the South?
answer
when South Carolina forced the surrender of Fort Sumter
question
What happened at the party convention for the Democrats that affected the 1860 presidential election?
answer
the Democrats split into two parties and nominated two men for President, one from the North and one from the South
question
What was President Lincoln's first response to the situation at Fort Sumter?
answer
Lincoln said he would send food but no arms to the fort
question
What did Abraham Lincoln say in his inaugural address?
answer
he would not interfere with slavery in the states where it already existed
question
What would the constitutional amendment proposed in the Crittenden Compromise have done?
answer
allow slavery in western territories south of the Missouri Compromise line
question
Which presidential candidate completely opposed to slavery to western territories?
answer
Abraham Lincoln
question
What was the effect of Abraham Lincoln winning the election of 1860?
answer
the North and South became two separate political entities
question
Why were southerners outraged about the outcome of the election of 1860?
answer
Lincoln had won without getting a single vote from southern states
question
What was the main result of the election of 1860?
answer
Abraham Lincoln won, as competing candidates divided votes over slavery and regional interests
question
Which Confederate military leader actually opposed slavery and secession and turned down an offer to command Union forces?
answer
Robert E. Lee
question
Why did Abraham Lincoln withhold troops from General George B. McClellan, even as he pushed the General to attack?
answer
Lincoln wanted troops to defend Washington, DC, from Confederate attack
question
What was the effect of the action at Glorieta Pass on the Confederacy's attempt to control the American Southwest?
answer
the Confederates retreated to Texas and never again threatened Union control of the Southwest
question
How did Abraham Lincoln ensure that border states supported the Union?
answer
he insisted that his only goal was to save the Union, not end slavery
question
Which statement best describes the Anaconda Plan?
answer
it was the Union's strategy to surround and squeeze the Confederacy
question
What advantage did Robert E. Lee offer the Confederacy?
answer
strong military leadership
question
What role did Stonewall Jackson play at the Second Battle of Bull Run?
answer
Jackson was successful at outmaneuvering a larger Union force and nearly destroyed it
question
What factors helped the North to produce more arms and supplies than the South?
answer
mechanized factories and a steady supply of immigrants seeking work
question
How did the public react to the Battle of Shiloh?
answer
the public was shocked and horrified by the large number of dead and injured
question
Why was it necessary for the Confederacy to seek the support of Great Britain and France?
answer
the Confederacy needed access to the manufactured good of Great Britain and France
question
What discovery led to George B. McClellan's victory over Robert E. Lee at Antietam?
answer
General McClellan found General Lee's battle plan
question
Union victory came at a cost to African American volunteers. About how many of the Union's 180,000 African American volunteers lost their lives during the war?
answer
About 70,000 volunteers died
question
How did African Americans on southern plantations help the Union cause?
answer
they sometimes grew food for the Union army
question
What was the result of the assault on Fort Wagner by the African American soldiers of the Union's 54th Massachusetts Regiment?
answer
the assault failed, but the regiment earned resect for its bravery in action
question
Where was the first major battle for African American troops in the Union army?
answer
Port Hudson, Mississippi
question
The Emancipation Proclamation freed enslaved people living where?
answer
states still in rebellion against the Union after January 1, 1863
question
Which group thought the Emancipation Proclamation was too drastic a step?
answer
congressional Democrats
question
Why did members of Lincoln's Cabinet urge him to wait before announcing the emancipation of southern slaves?
answer
they wanted to make the announcement following a Union victory
question
Why did President Lincoln reverse General Fremont's order to free captured slaves?
answer
he feared retaliation from the border states, which supported slavery
question
Why did Union General Benjamin Butler declare enslaved African American refugees to be contraband, or captured war supplies?
answer
he would not have to return them to slaveholders in the South
question
What did the Militia Act mandate?
answer
that African Americans to be accepted into the Union military
question
What kind of troops formed the 54th Massachusetts Regiment?
answer
African American soldiers and a white commanding officer
question
How did some formerly enslaved African Americans in the South respond to advancing Union forces?
answer
they served as scouts and spies for the Union
question
How were African American prisoners treated in Confederate prison camps?
answer
they were usually killed
question
How could Northern men avoid being drafted into military service?
answer
by paying for a replacement
question
Which problem was felt especially strongly by soldiers from border states?
answer
divided family loyalties
question
In the North, which group was most likely to face conscription into the military?
answer
men with low-paying jobs
question
What role did Clara Barton serve during the Civil War?
answer
nurse
question
Who were the Copperheads?
answer
northerners who opposed the war
question
What did the Union government tax in order to help meet the cost of the war?
answer
individuals' incomes
question
Abraham Lincoln authorized women to oversee which operations in military installations?
answer
hospitals and and sanitation
question
What is the constitutional right of habeas corpus?
answer
a person cannot be jailed unless charged with a specific crime
question
Where did the Homestead Act open land to farming?
answer
the West
question
Why was Vicksburg key to the Union's Anaconda Plan?
answer
Vicksburg was a Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River
question
Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address at what event?
answer
the dedication of a cemetery
question
What orders did General William Tecumseh Sherman give his troops on their "March to the Sea"?
answer
get supplies by looting, then destroy everything else of value
question
Which act is an example of total war?
answer
vandalizing the enemy's private homes
question
Union General William Tecumseh Sherman burned which southern city to the ground?
answer
Atlanta, Georgia
question
Which principle best summarizes Lincoln's Gettysburg Address?
answer
equality of all people
question
Why did Robert E. Lee invade Pennsylvania and engage the Union army at Gettysburg?
answer
he wanted to demoralize the Union
question
What was the successful Union strategy for taking Vicksburg?
answer
to surround and bombard the city, cutting off supplies
question
At Gettysburg, what action was directed by Confederate General George Pickett?
answer
a failed charge on Cemetery Hill
question
What advantage did the Union forces have during the Battle of Gettysburg?
answer
they occupied the high ground
question
What was the purpose of the Thirteenth Amendment?
answer
to outlaw slavery
question
What advantage was the Confederacy missing that might have turned the war in its favor?
answer
international support
question
What did the Land Grant College Act of 1862 help establish?
answer
state universities to teach agriculture and mechanical arts
question
How did the federal government change after the Civil War?
answer
it more directly influenced the everyday lives of Americans
question
Abraham Lincoln's words "with malice toward none" conveyed what position toward the South near the close of the war?
answer
the North would welcome the South back into the United States
question
Why did the Confederate defend Petersburg so fiercely?
answer
it was a rail link to the Confederate capital
question
How were the lives of Americans affected after the war ended?
answer
Americans became increasingly connected economically, politically, and socially
question
Where did Lee formally surrender to Grant?
answer
Appomattox Court House
question
Where did John Wilkes Booth shoot Abraham Lincoln?
answer
at Ford's Theatre
question
Who was Mathew Brady?
answer
a photographer
question
What was the decisive factor in the North's success in the final years of the war?
answer
greater resources
question
What significant event showed the conflict that existed between President Andrew Johnson and Congress?
answer
Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1866 over the President's veto
question
Which statement best describes the relationship between the Republican Congress and President Andrew Johnson during Reconstruction?
answer
they did not share the same goals on Reconstruction
question
Whose Reconstruction plan was the toughest on the South?
answer
Radical Republicans
question
Which of the following best reflects the attitudes of the Radical Republicans toward Reconstruction?
answer
the South should be punished
question
Which of the following is a political reason that the South needed a Reconstruction plan?
answer
there was no plan in place to get defeated states back in the Union
question
How did the Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments change the Constitution?
answer
The Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments granted citizenship to all and voting rights to African American males
question
How did President Abraham Lincoln's plan differ from the Wade-Davis Bill?
answer
Lincoln's plan did not guarantee African American equality
question
Which of the following is an economic reason that the South needed a Reconstruction plan?
answer
plantations, factories, and other businesses were destroyed during the war
question
Which of the following was part of Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan?
answer
the states in the South had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment
question
What was the main purpose of the Freedman's Bureau?
answer
to help black and white war refugees
question
Who benefited least from a sharecropping arrangement?
answer
sharecroppers
question
What did the government do to reduce violence against African Americans after the Civil War?
answer
it passed the Enforcement Acts
question
Who were the carpetbaggers?
answer
carpetbaggers were northerners who came to the South for opportunities or to help African Americans
question
Why was sharecropping so common among the poor?
answer
this system required no cash investment
question
How did Republicans gain control of southern state governments during Reconstruction?
answer
Republicans sought the support of African American men
question
How did the carpetbaggers affect southern politics?
answer
they became part of new southern governments
question
Why did the Ku Klux Klan attack African American teachers and ministers?
answer
African American teachers and ministers encouraged blacks to vote
question
Which institution most helped African American society after the Civil War?
answer
churches
question
Which statement best describes the Republicans most enduring success during Reconstruction?
answer
they created a tax-supported public school system
question
How did the Freedman's Bureau help African Americans economically?
answer
they provided schools to educate workers
question
What role did the Redeemers play in ending Reconstruction?
answer
the Redeemers organized to put white southerners back into power
question
What was the significance of the presidential election of 1876?
answer
it ended Reconstruction because it led to the Compromise of 1877
question
How did the close of Reconstruction affect the federal government?
answer
the balance of power between federal and state governments was restored
question
How did Reconstruction benefit the agricultural economy of the South?
answer
landowners grew more than cotton
question
Which of the following contributed to ending Reconstruction?
answer
the North focused on other political and economic issues
question
What role did the US Supreme Court play in ending Reconstruction?
answer
the Court restricted the scope of the Fourteenth Amendment by leaving its enforcement up to the states
question
How did the Compromise of 1877 help end Reconstruction?
answer
Republican Rutherford B. Hayes was elected President in return for withdrawing federal troops from the South
question
Why was the Fifteenth Amendment viewed as both a success and a failure?
answer
it gave African American men the right to vote, but ignored the rights of women
question
Which outcome of Reconstruction most likely appealed to both southern blacks and whites?
answer
the introduction of a tax-supported school system
question
Which of the following was a major failure of Reconstruction?
answer
it failed to end the bitterness between the North and the South
question
What effect did protective tariffs have on the American economy?
answer
they made American goods cheaper than imported goods
question
Time zones were adopted to fix what problem?
answer
conflicting train schedules
question
What action did Congress take in response to concerns about the effects of mechanization and industrialization on the environment?
answer
Congress set aside protected land
question
What factor drew farm families to Northern cities in the late 1800s?
answer
job opportunities
question
How did the production of steel change Americans' lives?
answer
strong steel made it possible to build skyscrapers and suspension bridges
question
Which is the best description of an entrepreneur?
answer
a person who invests in a business
question
Why were entrepreneurs an important part of the capitalist, or free enterprise, system?
answer
their investments helped fund the industrial economy
question
How did patents help support the work of inventors such as Thomas Edison?
answer
patents protected inventors and let them profit from their inventions
question
What was one benefit of city life for the new urban dwellers of the late 1800s?
answer
access to mass produced goods
question
The development of what industry was most responsible for advances in mass production?
answer
railroads
question
Why did the number of corporations grow dramatically after 1870?
answer
corporations had access to money and new technology
question
How did John D. Rockefeller use trusts to avoid Ohio laws against horizontal integration?
answer
in a trust, a board of trustees controls the stock of several companies
question
What power did the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) have over railroad operations?
answer
the ICC could make railroads submit their records to Congress
question
What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act?
answer
to prevent companies from restraining trade
question
How did business leaders earn the nickname "robber barons"?
answer
people accused them of using unfair business practices
question
What was the significance of the Interstate Commerce Commission?
answer
it was the first government body to monitor business operations
question
What is one benefit of investing in a corporation?
answer
losses are limited to the original investment
question
How did wealthy business leaders benefit society?
answer
they built universities and libraries
question
What class did the theory of Social Darwinism say had the most social value?
answer
the wealthy
question
What is vertical integration?
answer
a system of controlling all the businesses involved in the phases of production
question
How did Terence V. Powderly change the Knights of Labor?
answer
he abandoned the secretive nature of the union
question
Following the Pullman Strike, how did the Supreme Court rule in the case of In re Debs?
answer
the government had the authority to end labor strikes
question
How did public opinion of labor issues change in response to the violence of the Homestead Strike?
answer
public opinion turned against all labor unions
question
What role did the Pinkertons play in the Homestead Strike?
answer
the Pinkertons were a private police force called in to break the strike
question
Why were immigrants often hired to work in sweatshops?
answer
immigrants would work for low wages in unsafe conditions
question
Which group was most opposed to socialism?
answer
the wealthy
question
What was "wage slavery" in company towns?
answer
a system for holding workers to their jobs until debts were repaid
question
How did low wages contribute to child labor?
answer
low wages meant that all family members needed to work to survive
question
Why was the American Federation of Labor (AFL) called the "bread and butter" union?
answer
because of its focus on workers' issues
question
Who made up most of the workforce in a sweatshop?
answer
women
question
Why did the wars and revolutions in China and eastern Europe lead to increased immigration to the United States?
answer
they disrupted the lives of people in those regions
question
Immigrants from which area were excluded from the belief that American society was a "melting pot"?
answer
Asia
question
What was a difference between the immigration centers at Ellis Island and Angel Island?
answer
most immigrants left Ellis Island very quickly
question
What effect did immigrants' fraternal lodges and religious institutions have on their lives in America?
answer
they helped immigrants feel more comfortable in their new surroundings
question
What types of programs did settlement houses run to help immigrants adapt to their new country?
answer
Americanization programs
question
How did immigrants lure their families and friends to America?
answer
they told them about the religious and political freedoms in the United States
question
What was a hope of people who worked in settlement houses?
answer
they hoped immigrants would blend into American culture
question
What was a benefit immigrants received by living in ghettos?
answer
they ghettos were ethnic neighborhoods that provided familiarity
question
In what way did the 1862 Homestead Act help pull immigrants to the United States?
answer
it provided immigrants with inexpensive farmland
question
What was a challenge faced by Chinese immigrants who arrived in San Francisco Bay?
answer
immigration officials assumed that Chinese travelers would misrepresent themselves to get into America
question
What was one effect of the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882?
answer
it prohibited immigration by Chinese laborers
question
Why was steerage considered the worst accommodations on ships traveling from Europe to America?
answer
illness spread quickly through steerage because it was crowded and dirty
question
What was one reason that native-born Americans felt more threatened by the "new" immigrants than they had by the "old" immigrants?
answer
the "new" immigrants brought different cultures and languages
question
Mass transit served what kind of people in the 1890s?
answer
the middle and upper class
question
What important development helped increase public safety in the 1890s?
answer
electric streetlights
question
What form of entertainment was inspired by religion?
answer
Chautauqua Circuit
question
The growth of population in cities during the late 1800s was known as what?
answer
urbanization
question
How did mass transit systems reshape America's cities?
answer
they made it possible for wealthier people who worked in cities to live outside the city
question
How did city planners solve the public health problems posed by polluted rivers and lakes?
answer
planners took water from reserviors and used filtration systems
question
What was a reason why people left family farms to move to the city?
answer
factory work paid wages in cash, which was not always the case on farms
question
What did the development of the safety elevator make possible?
answer
skyscrapers
question
Midwestern cities such as Chicago, Illinois, drew migrants from what region in the 1890s?
answer
rural West
question
For what other purposes did people living in tenements sometimes use their space?
answer
sewing clothes
question
What restrictive measure required voters to pay to vote?
answer
poll taxes
question
Which black leader argued that African Americans needed to accommodate themselves to segregation?
answer
Booker T. Washington
question
What was the effect of Jim Crow laws?
answer
they segregated blacks and whites
question
What did Ida B. Wells crusade against throughout her life?
answer
lynching
question
How did the Supreme Court rule in cases affecting the rights of Chinese immigrants?
answer
the Chinese Exclusion Act was upheld
question
What enabled southern states to enact measures to disenfranchise African Americans and keeps blacks and whites separate?
answer
the removal of federal troops from the South
question
What organization supported a constitutional amendment to grant women the right to vote?
answer
the National Woman Suffrage Association
question
What goal did women's rights activists achieve by the end of the 1800s?
answer
breaking down barriers to women attending college
question
Why did Mexican Americans living in New Mexico have no representatives in Washington, D.C., to protect their interests?
answer
New Mexico was a territory, not a state
question
Which of these measures was specifically designed to limit the voting rights of the black freedmen?
answer
grandfather clauses
question
In what way did Farmers' Alliances help farmers solve their problems?
answer
they formed cooperatives to push prices up and push down the costs of doing business
question
Why did some political reformers want to create a civil service system?
answer
to make sure government workers had the necessary expertise
question
What were government jobs based on under the spoils system?
answer
party loyalty
question
What practice of the railroad monopolies hurt American farmers?
answer
they charged high shipping rates for getting farm products to market
question
Why did both major parties consider the gold standard important?
answer
they believed that it prevented inflation
question
What was one of the benefits of the spoils system?
answer
it boosted political participation
question
What part of the Populist Party platform directly addressed low prices that were hurting farmers?
answer
the dangers of an inadequate monetary supply
question
How did the Pendleton Civil Service Act reduce the power of the spoils system?
answer
it required hiring certain federal employees because of expertise, not political connections
question
What was Thomas Nast's impact on the American political system?
answer
Nast drew political cartoons that exposed the corruption of political bosses
question
What did the Populist Party support in order to fight against high costs?
answer
government ownership of the railroads
question
In the presidential campaign of 1896, how did William Jennings Bryan represent the Populist Party's goal of building a broad-based movement?
answer
He toured the country and spoke directly to the people.
question
What form of discrimination most directly affected Mexican Americans?
answer
the taking of land
question
Which of the following most influenced consumption patterns?
answer
advertising
question
Which policy did the Populist Party support to raise crop prices?
answer
the coinage of "free silver"
question
What feeling did Li Keng Wong experience on Angel Island?
answer
anxiety
question
What powered the first reliable streetcars?
answer
electricity
question
Which of the following provided Americanization programs for new immigrants?
answer
settlement houses
question
To which group of people did Populism primarily appeal?
answer
farmers
question
Which of the following was a goal of the the Populist party?
answer
support "free silver" to raise prices for farm goods
question
In what ways did cities attempt to solve the problems of crime and fire?
answer
Cities developed professional firefighting and police forces.
question
The Chautauqua Circuit had its roots in _____.
answer
a camp for Sunday school teachers
question
The Populist Party lost power in large part as a result of _____.
answer
the 1896 election of McKinley
question
What caused leaders to push for child labor laws and shorter workweeks as well as for a limit on the power of corporations and trusts?
answer
the Social Gospel
question
What did Progressives hope to achieve with political reforms?
answer
efficient and effective government
question
Which political reform gave people the power to approve or reject laws passed by a legislature?
answer
referendum
question
What did Lincoln Steffens, Jacob Riis, Ida Tarbell, and John Spargo have in common?
answer
they were muckrakers who dramatized the need for reform
question
Which of the following groups made up the majority of those involved in the Progressive movement?
answer
middle class
question
What role did journalists play in the Progressive movement?
answer
their sensational stories increased awareness of the problems afflicting America
question
Why did governor Robert M. La Follette establish a direct primary in his state?
answer
to allow citizens to select candidates for elections
question
Which of the following describes the purpose of a settlement house?
answer
to provide the urban poor with social services such as child care and English classes, schools for children, and programs for adults
question
What power did the recall give voters?
answer
the power to remove public servants from office before their terms ended
question
Which political reform gave people the power to put a proposed law on the ballot?
answer
initiative
question
What spurred African Americans to join with white reformers to found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)?
answer
murder and arson in Springfield, Illinois
question
How did Margaret Sanger believe that she could improve family life?
answer
by educating women about birth control
question
Who raised money from educated black women to set up day-care centers to protect and educate black children while their parents went to work?
answer
Ida B. Wells
question
Which female leader employed a successful strategy on two fronts, lobbying the US Congress while using the referendum process to pass state suffrage laws?
answer
Carrie Chapman Catt
question
Why did Progressive reformers believe in Americanization?
answer
they believed that assimilating immigrants into American society would make them more loyal and moral citizens
question
How did all women in the United States finally secure the right to vote?
answer
the Nineteenth Amendment
question
What helped women in the early 1900s move out of their traditional roles and begin to tackle the problems of society?
answer
education
question
What was the goal of the Anti-Defamation League?
answer
to protect Jews against physical and verbal attacks and false statements and to secure justice and fair treatment to all citizens
question
Why did African Americans form the Urban League?
answer
to help African Americans in the North get settled and find work
question
How did Asian Americans defend their rights?
answer
Asian Americans put their land in their children's names
question
Pennsylvania coal miners went on strike in 1902. How did Theodore Roosevelt's response illustrate a change in the government's role?
answer
for the first time, the federal government stepped in to help workers in a labor dispute
question
How does Theodore Roosevelt's early political career reflect his ideas on the role of government?
answer
Roosevelt was interested in fighting corruption and reforming government
question
What was the purpose of the Pure Food and Drug Act?
answer
the act regulated the safety, labeling, and interstate shipping of food and medicines
question
What was the impact of Gifford Pinchot's ideas about the environment?
answer
Pinchot's ideas inspired government policy that forests be protected for public use
question
How did the Hepburn Act change the government's role in industry?
answer
the act gave the government the power to set and limit shipping costs
question
How did Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal reflect his ideas about reform?
answer
the Square Deal was a program where government gave everyone a fair chance to succeed
question
Which of the following describes Theodore Roosevelt's ideas about the role of government?
answer
to keep the powerful from taking advantage of small business owners
question
Whose advice was Theodore Roosevelt taking when he set aside 100 million acres as federal forests?
answer
John Muir's
question
What was one important way that William Howard Taft's policies differed from Theodore Roosevelt's?
answer
Taft appointed a cabinet official who opposed Roosevelt's conservation policies
question
How did Theodore Roosevelt change the government's role in the food industry?
answer
Roosevelt urged passage of a law to provide federal inspectors in meat-processing plants
question
Why did labor leaders praise the Clayton Antitrust Act?
answer
the act prevented unions from being treated as trusts
question
Why was the Sixteenth Amendment important to Woodrow Wilson's efforts to regulate the economy?
answer
the Sixteenth Amendment allowed Congress to levy an income tax
question
Why did Woodrow Wilson believe that the country needed his program, the New Freedom?
answer
the country's laws did not prevent the strong from crushing the weak
question
Which of the following describes a lasting effect on the Progressive Era on society?
answer
consumer protections
question
What did Congress do to protect consumers from monopolies, false advertising, and dishonest labeling?
answer
created the Federal Trade Commission
question
How did Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom program address the need to "prevent the stong from crushing the weak"?
answer
the program attacked the "triple wall of privilege" that big business used to its advantage
question
How did Republican divisions help Woodrow Wilson win the presidency?
answer
William Howard Taft and Theodore Roosevelt split the Republican vote, allowing the Democrat Wilson to win the electoral college vote
question
Which of the following describes a major legacy of the Progressive Era?
answer
that the government can act to fix economic and political problems
question
What was the purpose of the Federal Reserve Act?
answer
to create a central authority to supervise banks
question
What was a lasting environmental legacy from the Progressive Era?
answer
to expand the federal government's role in managing natural resources
question
What was the goal of Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom program?
answer
to help small business and regulate big business
question
How did the Clayton Antitrust Act help regulate the economy?
answer
the Clayton Antitrust Acts spelled out what businesses could and could not do
question
How was Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom like Theodore Roosevelt's New Nationalism?
answer
Wilson's New Freedom placed strict government controls on corporations
question
How was Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom like Theodore Roosevelt's New Nationalism?
answer
Wilson's New Freedom placed strict government controls on corporations