Bone Flashcards, test questions and answers
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What is Bone?
Bone is one of the most important components of the human body. It is responsible for providing support and shape to the body, along with protecting many vital organs. Bones also produce red blood cells and store minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. Bones are made up of two different types of tissue: cortical and trabecular. The cortical layer is dense, strong, and helps to provide structure to bones while trabecular tissue is spongy, lighter in weight, and absorbs shock better than cortical tissue does. The combination of these two types makes a sturdy but lightweight bone structure that can withstand a great deal of force without breaking or fracturing. The main component of bone is calcium phosphate which gives it its hardness and strength. This mineral is found mainly in the form of hydroxyapatite crystals which give bones their characteristic white color when viewed under a microscope. Bone also contains other minerals such as magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, manganese, iron, copper and fluorine which help to make it more flexible yet stronger at the same time. As we age our bones undergo changes due to reduced levels of hormones such as estrogen in women leading to osteoporosis where they become brittle and easily fractured or broken due to loss of density caused by decreased production in new bone cells or increased breakdown by old ones. Exercise plays an integral role in maintaining healthy bones through increased strength training which helps build up bone mass preventing fractures from occurring more easily if an accident does happen. Eating foods rich in calcium , vitamin D , Vitamin K2 , phosphorous & magnesium can also help improve bone health significantly over time. In conclusion , Bone plays an integral role both structurally & functionally within our bodies making it essential for us humans to be aware & look after our bones on a daily basis so they can stay healthy & strong throughout our lives.