The Crimean War, also referred to as the Eastern War, was a notable battle that took place between Russia and an alliance composed of the Ottoman Empire, France, Britain, and the Kingdom of Sardinia. This conflict centered on territories owned by the weakening Ottoman Empire.
The Crimean War took place in the Crimean Peninsula, as well as Turkey's western region and the Baltic Sea area. It began when Russia requested that the Ottoman Empire acknowledge its right to safeguard Eastern Orthodox followers in Turkey. However, this demand was denied by Turkey, causing Russia to deploy troops into Ottoman territory with intentions of gaining land from the declining empire. Great Britain and France declared war on Russia on March 28, 1854 due to concerns about potential increases in Russian power and destabilization of power balances. Even though they were
...able to defeat Turkey and destroy their fleet off Sinope's coast, Russia faced opposition from Britain and France.
The British and French besieged Sevastopol, the main fortified naval base in Russia's Crimean peninsula during the Crimean War. The Russians abandoned and destroyed their fortress along with their own ships within one year of fighting. Furthermore, Russian artillery encircled both sides of a narrow valley at Balaklava through which the British soldiers charged resulting in almost all of them dying.
The Light Brigade group is well-known today due to Alfred, Lord Tennyson's poem about them. The Crimean War was settled by the Treaty of Paris, signed on March 30, 1856. The treaty required Russia to give up its claim as Christian protector in Turkey and neutralized the Black Sea while maintaining the balance of power. This action closed th
area to all warships, causing a significant setback to Russian influence. Consequently, Russia lost influence over the Romanian principalities, and they lost territory at the mouth of the Danube.
Germany was afraid of fighting a war on two fronts with France and Russia, which led to the development of the Schlieffin Plan. Their plan involved attacking France first by going through Belgium, assuming that it would take six weeks for Russia to mobilize. However, this strategy proved to be flawed as it relied on the quick defeat of France.
In contrast, during the First Balkan War, the Ottoman Empire fought against Serbia, Montenegro, Greece, and Bulgaria as part of the Balkan League. Even though they were outnumbered and strategically disadvantaged, they still engaged in battle but ultimately suffered defeat. This loss resulted in almost all their remaining territories being captured and distributed among the Balkan states. Albania was also formed during this time.
Despite the success achieved, the Balkan states were unsatisfied, resulting in the Second Balkan War due to the tension among them with the threat of the Ottoman empire gone. The July ultimatum, sent at 6 pm on July 23, 1914, was a list of conditions sent to Serbia from Austria-Hungary after the July Crisis and the assassination of their Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Despite being put under immense pressure, Serbia agreed to all but one of the conditions. However, Austria-Hungary did not attempt to solve it through discussion and immediately declared war. Some of the points of that notorious ultimatum are on the second slide: 6.
Austria-Hungary requested the removal of officers guilty of anti-Austria-Hungary propaganda from military service and administration. The names of the
guilty officers were to be provided by Austria-Hungary. Serbia was asked to cooperate with the Austro-Hungarian government in suppressing subversive movements targeting the monarchy. A judicial investigation was to be conducted against accessories to the June 28th plot who were present in Serbia. Organs delegated by Austria-Hungary were expected to participate in the investigation, but Serbia later rejected this proposition.
) 9. Austria-Hungary's preliminary investigation implicated Major Vojislav Tankosic and Milan Ciganovic, and they should be immediately dismissed. Questions: 1. Russia stated that it demanded recognition from the Ottoman Empire to protect Eastern Orthodox believers in Turkey, but what other reasons did Russia have for sending troops into Ottoman territory? 2.
The Black Sea region saw a setback in Russia's influence due to the Treaty of Paris. Additionally, Russia showed a strong interest in the weakening Ottoman Empire.
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