Universal Education Essay Example

apathy and ineffectiveness of these institutions impede this progress. It should be acknowledged that providing education to all citizens is the duty of the state.

The Government of India must register and maintain student records at the Elementary level in a cosmopolitan manner as it is their responsibility to educate citizens. However, primary schools face a significant issue with limited financial resources. The income of local institutions responsible for primary education is insufficient to cover compulsory education expenses. To meet these requirements, an estimated annual expenditure of Rs. 269 is necessary.

A sum of 5 crores will be needed, but the First Five Year Plan initially allocated Rs. 93 crores, which was later reduced to Rs. 89 crores in the Second Plan. Therefore, it is important to make sincere and honest efforts to educate as many children as possible to completely eliminate illiteracy.

The recognition of the significance of quality instruction is crucial, given the shortage of trained teachers for universal and compulsory elementary education. Unfortunately, young teachers are currently disinclined to work in rural areas, despite the majority of primary schools being situated there. This lack of suitable teachers primarily stems from teaching being unappealing due to the exceedingly low salary offered to primary instructors.

The situation of Scheduled countries continues to be dire. These countries, characterized by their mountainous and impassable jungle terrain, lack adequate communication and transportation infrastructure, making it difficult to attract the modern-day luxury-seeking young men. It is important to provide teachers with suitable housing in the small towns where they work. The issue of Women instructors is particularly noteworthy.

The need for teacher housing in residential schools, especially residential Ashram Schools in the Scheduled

areas, should be addressed. The quality of teachers can be enhanced by implementing a training program for untrained in-service teachers during their study leave.

The Constitution and School Buildings: The Third and Fourth All India Educational Surveys reveal that currently, there are numerous small towns and habitations lacking schools. India has approximately 400,000 schoolless small towns which require the establishment of schools. Acquiring the necessary funds to construct such a large number of schools, complete with buildings and equipment, is not a simple task. To address this issue, new buildings need to be developed alongside existing schools in private houses.

The construction of low-cost houses made from local materials, such as thatch or tile, should be considered for temples, galleries of rich individuals, and abodes for instructors. Additionally, in certain areas with specific topographic conditions, open air bases like those in ShantiNiketan could be developed. Nevertheless, this requires further consideration.

Primary schools should have their own adjustments in order to be practical. The issue of school buildings and the lack of teachers in all primary schools could be resolved by implementing a system of transferring students to existing schools. Additional classrooms should be built to accommodate the additional age group of 6-14 children. The curriculum for primary schools is inadequate and does not meet the local needs.

The course of study should interest children and continue to be engaging. The focus on dull academic knowledge should be replaced with learning through practical work. Primary schools should provide vocational education that aligns with local needs and requirements. However, the strategies for trade education in primary schools should not be overly expensive.

Wastage and Stagnation: It poses a significant challenge and major

barrier to achieving universal Elementary Education. More than half of the pupils enrolled in category – I drop out of schools by Class IV, leaving only 32 students who continue to category V and only 26 who reach category VIII. This issue is attributed to factors such as the lack of a conducive educational environment, unsatisfactory surroundings, and a shortage of dedicated instructors.

The parents' unfortunate economic status, as well as the lack of proper equipment, contribute to the need for a reform in the educational system and course of study. This is necessary to address the massive wastage and lack of progress at the primary phase.

Interesting learning methods, equal and orderly and clean school edifices, and educated parents can help address the issues of wastage and stagnancy. However, natural obstacles such as small towns and little habitations in the Himalayan regions pose significant challenges to the expansion of mandatory education.

Kashmir, Garhwal, and Almora are located at varying distances from each other. Additionally, there are desert regions in Rajasthan and dense forest areas in Madhya Pradesh and Orissa.

Assam and other Southern States offer employment opportunities for expected registration. However, these areas present significant obstacles in communication and education, along with insufficient school infrastructure and transportation services. Therefore, it is vital to establish educational facilities in even the smallest villages to ensure that young children can attend school regardless of extreme weather conditions. Additionally, these regions are affected by social problems like superstition.

Illiteracy, religious traditions, and customs such as child marriages, untouchability, and the pardah system create numerous obstacles in the expansion of mandatory primary education. However, despite the Child Marriage Prohibition Act, some individuals continue to

marry off their sons and daughters at a very young age, preventing these school-going children from benefiting from education.

Due to illiteracy and ignorance, societal immoralities thrive and grow. It is important for educated young individuals and women to actively participate in addressing these societal issues that exist within their communities. One way to combat these societal immoralities is by continuing efforts to expand universal education and literacy programs, as they play a significant role in reducing illiteracy. Additionally, language poses a challenge as the 1961 Census reported the existence of approximately 826 languages and 1652 dialects in the country.

The Constitution of India in 1950 acknowledges 14 languages as possible means of teaching. However, the implementation of mandatory education is incomplete for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and denotified tribes due to difficulties arising from language barriers during instruction.

The Five Year Plans include inducement programs such as free text-books, free uniforms, stipends in inns, and transition of Residential Ashram Schools.

The responsibility of educating marginalized communities and individuals who have suffered from poverty for many years should not solely rest on the government. It is crucial for voluntary organizations and compassionate individuals to step forward and assist the government in this significant and honorable task for the betterment of the nation.