Motivation
Motivation is crucial for attaining life goals.
Motivation is the driving force that inspires individuals to overcome obstacles and give their best efforts. It convinces individuals that where there is a will, there is a way, motivating them to strive for success. Understanding the factors that motivate employees has always been a challenge for theorists. Various theories, such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, Frederick Taylor's Scientific Management, Victor Vroom's Expectancy Theory, Herzberg's Two Factor Theory, McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y, and Alderfer's ERG Theory, attempt to explain what does and does not motivate individuals in the workplace. For the purpose of this assignment, the researcher has considered several of these motivational theories.
Frederick W.Taylor (1911) is known as the father of 'scientific management'. He believed that every job could be measured and timed, and each component could be quantified. Therefore
..., managers only needed to compensate employees based on their production. This theory led to the development of the "piece rate" payment method, which encouraged workers to increase their productivity. Another well-known theorist, Frederick Hertzberg (1959), conducted a large-scale survey on motivation in the American industry. Through extensive research, he introduced the 'two-factor' theory of motivation, which includes the "Incentives" and "Hygiene" factors.
Abraham Maslow's theory states that incentives act as satisfiers while Hygiene factors serve as dissatisfiers. Maslow identified that if an employee's basic demands, such as a suitable working environment and fair wage, were not met, it would indicate a lack of satisfiers. Conversely, the absence of more abstract factors like recognition and growth opportunities would lead to dissatisfiers. The theory encompasses human motivation, management training, and personal development as primary areas of focus (A.
Maslow 1970). Maslow also emphasizes that individuals have varying levels of motivation.
According to Maslow, an employee goes through five distinct phases of demand. Before moving to the next level, the employee's physiological needs must be fulfilled. These needs include air, water, food, sex, sleep, etc. If these needs are not met, employees may experience illness, irritation, pain, discomfort.
Critical Analysis
In order to address the current high labor turnover and improve productivity, management needs to develop a range of strategies. Despite having the best equipment and technology, motivation plays a crucial role in achieving desired objectives. Management must therefore explore ways to retain talented employees and increase their commitment and motivation, ultimately leading to higher productivity. However, they should also assess both the positive impacts and potential weaknesses or negative effects of their efforts.
The challenge of implementing a merit issue system is to create a fair public presentation assessment system that properly evaluates employees. This task may be simple in organizations with limited operations and employee categories, but it becomes more complicated in diverse activities. However, this complexity should not discourage the implementation of such a system. Another challenge is ensuring that the system treats employees who do not meet the criteria fairly, without any misinterpretation. Therefore, it is necessary to thoroughly explain the system, including each criterion and its weightage. There are various tools available to retain and increase employee productivity, but what works in one company may not necessarily work as effectively in another.
Indeed, there are numerous factors to consider when deciding upon and planning the selected tool. This includes the culture of management and employees/trade-unions within the organization, the
individual motivating factors, the company objectives, the type of operations, the financial position of the organization, and the nature and strength of competition.
Decision
Pay and virtues play a crucial role in any industry. Throughout this research process, various motivation theories have been encountered by researchers. They have gained an understanding of which theories are relevant and applicable in different situations as well as how management can use this knowledge to reward their employees. Employees are considered internal customers; therefore, having knowledge of their preferences gives management an advantage when interacting with them.
Management has the ability to utilize "Aureate Handcuffs" as a strategy to retain key employees by offering them appropriate incentives. Throughout the research process, the researcher has identified various types of rewards that can be given to motivate workers and enhance their productivity. These rewards are categorized for individuals, experts, salespeople, and teams. Additionally, the researcher has thoroughly examined the potential challenges that may arise when designing these incentives. As a result, the researcher concludes that addressing reward issues is necessary and should be taken into consideration when motivating employees.
Mentions
- Human Resource Management: An Asiatic Perspective ( 2ndA edition ) atA http: //www.pearsoned-asia.com/desslertan/.A
- Lesieur, Fredrick G.A The Scanlon Plan A Frontier in Labor-Management Cooperation, Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1958.
- Masternak ; A ; Associates ; All rights reserved.
- Reprinted here with permission.
- Masternak, Robert. L. "Gainsharing Programs at Two Fortune 500 Facilities: Why One Worked Better. "A National Productivity Review, Winter/1991/92.
The text includes information about the following sources:
- L.A Gainsharing: A Team-Based Approach to Drive Organizational Change. A Scottsdale: WorldatWork, 2003.
- Robert McLean, A Performance Measures in the New EconomyA ( The Premier 's Council of Ontario, Ontario, Canada, 1995 ) , 3.
- Rucci, Kirn, and Quinn, "The Employee-Customer-Profit Chain at Sears, '' 89.
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