The characteristic existential theme includes: a. freedom and responsibility. b. resistance. c. transference. d. examining irrational beliefs.

a. freedom and responsibility More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/chapter-6-existential-therapy-10ed/

Freedom and Responsibility (Basic Dimensions of the Human Condition – Existential)

People are free to choose among alternatives and therefore play a large role in shaping their own destiny; Freedom and responsibility go hand in hand; we are the authors of our lives in the sense that we create our destiny, our life situation, and our problems More test answers on https://studyhippo.com/exam-2-existential-therapy-cns-520/

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Psychology in Everyday Life: Chapter 11- – Flashcards 51 terms

Kevin Stewart

51 terms

Preview

Psychology in Everyday Life: Chapter 11- – Flashcards

question

Psychotherapy

answer

treatment invloving psychological techniques consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth

question

biomedical therapy

answer

prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology

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Eclectic approach

answer

an approach to psychotherapy that depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

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Psychoanalysis

answer

Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique. Freud believed that the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transference- and the analyst's interpretations of them- released previously repressed feelings allowing the patient to gain self insight

question

Resistance

answer

in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight

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transference

answer

in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent)

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psychodynamic therapy

answer

therapeutic approach derived from the psychoanalytic tradition; views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences and seeks to enhance self insight

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Insight therapies

answer

therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person's awareness of underlying motives and defenses

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client center therapy

answer

a humanistic therapy developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathetic environment to promote clients' growth. Also called person centered therapy

question

active listening

answer

empathetic listening in which the listener echoes, restates and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client centered therapy

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unconditional positive regard

answer

a caring, accepting, non judgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believes help clients develop self awareness and self acceptance.

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behavior therapy

answer

therapeutic approach that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

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counterconditioning

answer

behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive therapies

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exposure therapies

answer

behvaior techniques such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people ( in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid.

question

systematic desensitization

answer

a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant, relaxed states with gradually increasing, anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

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Virtual reality exposure therapy

answer

a counterconditioning technique that treats anxiety by creative electronic simulations in which people can safely face their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders or public speaking

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aversive conditioning

answer

a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (nausea) with an unwanted behavior (drinking alcohol)

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token economy

answer

a operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token for exhibiting a desired behavior an can later exchange the tokens for privileges of treats

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cognitive therapy

answer

therapeutic approach that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

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cognitive behavioral therapy

answer

a popular integrative therapy that combines a cognitive therapy (changing self defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)

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Group therapy

answer

therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, providing benefits from group interaction

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family therapy

answer

therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influences by or directed at, other family members

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evidence based practice

answer

clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences.

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antipsychotic drugs

answer

drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of serves thought disorders.

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anitanxiety drugs

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drugs used to control anxiety and agitation

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antidepressant drugs

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drugs used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD

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electroconvulsive therapy

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a biomedical therapy fro severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient

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repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

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the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy tot he brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity

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psychosurgery

answer

surgery that removes on destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior

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lobotomy

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a psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves connective the front lobes tot he emotion controlling center of the inner brain

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resilience

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the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma.

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A therapist who helps patients search for unconscious roots of their problems and offer interpretations of their behaviors, feelings, and dreams is drawing from

answer

psychoanalysis

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(Blank) therapies are designed to help individuals discover the thoughts and feelings that guide their motivation and behavior

answer

Insight

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Compared with psychoanalysis, humanistic therapies are more like to emphasize

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Self fulfillment and growth

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A therapist who restates and clarifies the client's statements is practicing

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active listening

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The of behavior therapy is to

answer

eliminate unwanted behavior

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Behavior therapies often use (blank) techniques such as systematic desensitization and aversive conditioning to encourage clients to produce new responses to old stimuli

answer

counterconditioning

question

The technique of (blank) teaches people to relax in the presence of progressively more anxiety provoking stimuli

answer

systematic desensitization

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At a treatment center, people who display a desired behavior receive coins that they can later exchange for other rewards. This is an example of

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token economy

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Cognitive therapy has been especially effective in treating

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depression

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Blank) therapy helps people the change their self defeating ways of thinking and to act out those changes in their daily behavior

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cognitive therapy

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In family therapy, the family therapist assumes that

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each person's actions trigger reactions from other family members

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The most enthusiastic or optimistic view of the effectiveness of psychotherapy comes from

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reports of clinicians and clients

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Studies show that (blank) therapy is the most effective treatment for most psychological disorders

answer

no one type of

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What are the three comparisons of evidence based practice?

answer

research evidence, clinical expertise, and knowledge of the patient

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How does the placebo effect bias patients' attitudes about the effectiveness of drug therapies

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The placebo effect is the healing power of belief in a treatment. When a patient expect a treatment to be effective they may believe it was

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Some antipsychotic drugs, used t calm people with schizophrenia, can have unpleasant side effects, most notably

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sluggish, tremors, and twitches

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Drugs such as Xanax and Ativan, which depress central nervous system activity, can become addictive when used as ongoing treatment. These drugs are referred to as (blank) drugs

answer

antianxiety

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A simple salt that often brings relief to patients suffering the highs and low of bipolar disorder is

answer

lithium

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When drug therapies have not been effective, electroconvulsive therapy may be used as treatment largely for people with

answer

severe depression

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An approach that seeks to identify and alleviate conditions that put people at high risk for developing psychological disorders is called

answer

preventative mental health

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Counseling Psychology Freedom And Responsibility Humanistic Psychology Meaning And Purpose Meanings Psychoanalysis Therapy

Ch. 6-10 Practice – Flashcards 64 terms

Darryl Wooten

64 terms

Preview

Ch. 6-10 Practice – Flashcards

question

Who is the person who developed logo therapy?

answer

Viktor Frankl

question

Which is NOT a key concept of existential therapy?

answer

It is based on a well-defined set of techniques and procedures

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One function of the existential therapist is to?

answer

Understand the client's subjective world

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According to the existential view, anxiety is a

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part of the human condition

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Resistance is seen as a part of _____________ of how a person understands his or her being and relationship to the world at large

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The self-and-world concept

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What is the most crucial quality of a therapist in building an effective therapeutic relationship with a client?

answer

The therapists authenticity

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Who was the main American spokesperson of European existential thinking as it is applied to psychotherapy?

answer

Rollo May

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The existential approach is based on

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The philosophical concern with what it means to be fully human

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Existential Therapy is basically

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an experiential and relational approach

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Existential Therapy places emphasis on

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The quality of the client and therapist relationship

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The central theme running through Viktor Frankls work is

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The will to meaning

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The existential therapist would probably agree that

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ultimately we are alone

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The existential "givens of life" include

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death, freedom, existential isolation, meaninglessness

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Which of the following is a limitation of the existential approach to working with culturally diverse populations?

answer

The focus on ones own responsibility rather than on changing social conditions

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In person-centered group counseling, the role of the counselor is best described as a

answer

Facilitator

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Person-centered therapy is a form of

answer

humanistic therapy

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Congruence refers to the therapist's

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genuineness

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In person centered therapy, transference is

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Not an essential or significant factor in the therapy process

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Emotion-focused therapy

answer

is rooted in person centered philosophy, incorporates aspects of existential therapy and gestalt therapy

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Accurate empathic understanding refers to the therapists ability to

answer

sense the inner world of the client's subjective experience

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which techniques are most often used in person centered therapy?

answer

Active listening and reflection

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Which statement is most true of person-centered theory?

answer

The techniques a therapist uses are less important than are his or her attitudes

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In what stage of change do individuals intent to take action immediately and repost some small behavior changes?

answer

preparation

question

One strength of the person-centered approach is that

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Therapists have the latitude to develop their own counseling style

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A limitation of person-centered approach is a

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tendency for practitioners to give support without challenging clients sufficiently

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As a result of experiencing person centered therapy, it is hypothesized that the client will move toward

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self trust, internal source of evaluation, being more open to experience, and willingness to continue growth

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Unconditional positive regard refers to

answer

accepting clients as worthy people

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The main founder of Gestalt therapy is?

answer

Fritz Perls

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According to the Gestalt view, awareness

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is by itself therapeutic

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The basic goal of Gestalt therapy is to help clients

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move from environmental support to self-support

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Gestalt therapy can be best characterized as

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an experiential therapy

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The focus of Gestalt therapy is on

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recognizing ones own projections and refusing to accept helplessness

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A contribution of the Gestalt approach is that it

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deals with the past in a lively manner

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The process of distraction, which makes it difficult to maintain sustained contact is

answer

deflection

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The process of turning back to ourselves what we would like to do to someone else is

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retroflection

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The tendency to uncritically accept others beliefs without assimilating or internalizing them is

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introjection

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The process of blurring awareness of the boundary between self and environment is

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Confluence

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Behavior is grounded on

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The principles of learnin

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Mindfulness and acceptance-based approaches

answer

have received empirical support as an effective form of therapy

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In behavior therapy is is generally agreed that

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the client should decide the treatment goals

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According to most behavior therapists, a good working relationship between the client and therapist

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is a necessary but not sufficient, condition for behavior change to occur

question

Applied behavior analysis makes use of

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operant conditioning techniques

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Mindfulness practices rely on

answer

experiential learning and client discovery

question

Dialectical behavior therapy

answer

is a promising blend of behavioral and psychoanalytic techniques

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Which is NOT true of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)

answer

DBT is a blend of Adlerian concepts and behavioral techniques

question

An exposure-based procedure that involves imaginal flooding, cognitive restructuring, and the induction of rapid, rhythmic eye movements aimed at treatment of traumatic experiences is called

answer

EMDR

question

Prolonged/intense exposure - either in real life or in imagination - to highly anxiety-evoking stimuli is called

answer

Flooding

question

contemporary behavior therapy places emphasis on

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the interplay between the individual and the environment

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A limitation to traditional behavior therapy is its

answer

de-emphasis on the role of feelings in therapy

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Which of the following is not a part of stress inoculation training?

answer

exception questions

question

REBT is based on the philosophical assumptions that human being are

answer

potentially able to think rational but have a tendency toward irrational thinking

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REBT stresses that human beings

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think, emote, and behave simultaneously

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What is one role that SB-CBT practitioners would likely avoid assuming

answer

assuming an expert's stance

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In CB group therapy

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some research shows that this approach is effective for treating a wide range of emotional and behavioral problems

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Strengths-based CBT contents that people

answer

have within their being positive qualities such as altruism, creativity, and courage

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According to REBT, we develop emotional disturbances because of

answer

our beliefs about certain events

question

Mechenbaum's __________ focuses on helping clients become aware of their self-talk and the stories they tell about themselves

answer

Self-intructional training

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In cognitive therapy the assumption is that psychological problems stem from processes such as

answer

faulty thinking, negative AT, failing to distinguish between fantasy and reality, making incorrect inferences on the basis of inadequate information

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Cognitive Therapy is based on the assumption that

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conditions are the major determinants of how we feel and act

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Cognitive Therapy techniques are designed to

answer

identify and test clients misconceptions and faulty assumptions

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The type of cognitive error that involves thinking and interpreting in all or nothing terms or categorizing experiences in either or extremes is known as

answer

polarized thinking

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Becks Cognitive Therapy differs from Ellis's REBT in that Beck emphasizes

answer

socratic dialogue, helping clients discover misconceptions of self, working with client in collaborative ways, more structure in therapeutic processes

question

Becks Cognitive Therapy has been most widely applied to the treatment of

answer

depression

question

In self-instructional training which of the following is given primary importance?

answer

The role of inner speech

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Counseling Psychology Existential Therapy Freedom And Responsibility New York City Therapy

osbourne chapter 6 – Flashcards 40 terms

Daniel Thompson

40 terms

Preview

osbourne chapter 6 – Flashcards

question

Which person is not associated with the existential movement?

answer

d. B. F. Skinner

question

The central goal of existential psychotherapy is to:

answer

b. increase awareness.

question

Finding the "courage to be" involves:

answer

d. developing a will to move forward in spite of anxietyproducing situations.

question

The British scholar working to develop training programs in existential therapy is:

answer

c. Emmy van Deurzen.

question

Which is not an essential aim of existential-humanistic therapy?

answer

c. To dispute clients' irrational beliefs

question

Existential therapy is best considered as:

answer

a. an approach to understand the subjective world of the client.

question

Which of the following was not part of Stan's work in existential therapy?

answer

b. Working on his inauthentic relationship with his siblings

question

Philosophically, the existentialists would agree that:

answer

d. making choices can create anxiety.

question

The characteristic existential theme includes:

answer

a. freedom and responsibility.

question

According to the existential viewpoint, death:

answer

c. gives significance to living

question

In regards to techniques, existential practitioners believe:

answer

b. no set of techniques is considered essential.

question

In a group based on existential principles, clients learn all of the following, except:

answer

d. that pain is not a reality of the human experience.

question

__________ emphasizes the subjective and spiritual dimensions of human existence.

answer

a. Existential analysis

question

Existential therapy is:

answer

c. a phenomenological approach to therapy.

question

Existential therapists prefer to be thought of as:

answer

b. philosophical companions, not as people who repair psyches.

question

When is the counseling process at its best from an existential viewpoint?

answer

b. When the deepest self of the therapist meets the deepest part of the client.

question

Viktor Frankl's approach to existential therapy is known as:

answer

b. logotherapy.

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Which of the following is not true about Rollo May?

answer

d. He believes that we can only escape anxiety by exercising our freedom.

question

In regards to freedom and responsibility, existential therapy embraces three values. Which of the following is not one of these values?

answer

d. The freedom to choose our past and the choices of our parents

question

Ursula lived in New York City on 9/11. Ever since experiencing the aftermath of the terrorist attacks, she has felt anxiety about going to the upper level floors of tall buildings. As an existentially oriented therapist, you might conclude that:

answer

c. Ursula's anxiety is normal in light of the traumatic experience she had on 9/11.

question

Who was the Danish philosopher that addressed the role of anxiety and uncertainty in life?

answer

c. Soren Kierkegaard

question

Existentialists contend that the experience of relatedness to other human beings:

answer

c. is healthy when we are able to stand alone and tap into our own strength.

question

According to existentialists, our search for meaning involves all of these except:

answer

d. exploring unfinished business.

question

Therapy is viewed as a ___________________in the sense that the interpersonal and existential problems of the client will become apparent in the here and now of the therapy relationship.

answer

a. social microcosm

question

The central theme running through the works of Viktor Frankl is:

answer

b. the will to meaning.

question

According to Yalom, the concerns that make up the core of existential psychodynamics include all of the following, except:

answer

c. togetherness.

question

A statement that best illustrates "bad faith" is:

answer

a. Naturally I'm this way, because I grew up in an alcoholic family.

question

For Sartre, existential guilt is what we experience when we:

answer

c. allow others to define us or to make our choices for us.

question

The therapist's presence is:

answer

c. both a condition and a goal of therapeutic change.

question

Which of the following is not an example of how existential therapy is unlike many other therapies?

answer

c. It focuses on the use of the specific techniques created for this theory.

question

Which of the following is not considered a basic dimension of the human condition?

answer

b. Striving for acceptance of others

question

Being alone is a process by which we do all of the following except:

answer

d. reject the social overtures of others.

question

The goals of existential therapy include all but_________.

answer

c. helping clients to eliminate anxiety in their lives.

question

When working with a client living a restricted existence, an existential therapist would likely:

answer

d. make the client aware of how his or her current ways of living are keeping him or her stuck.

question

In the book Staring at the Sun: Overcoming the Terror of Death (2008), ________________develops the idea that confronting death enables us to live in a more compassionate way.

answer

c. Irvin Yalom

question

From a multicultural perspective, some clients may reject this approach because:

answer

b. their life circumstances provide them with truly limited choices.

question

From a scientific perspective, existential psychotherapy:

answer

d. is difficult to research because every psychotherapy experience is unique.

question

The existential approach is particularly well-suited to clients who:

answer

a. are dealing with grief and loss.

question

Existential therapy groups are particularly helpful for clients working on:

answer

b. issues of responsibility.

question

Time-limited existential treatments:

answer

a. can serve as a catalyst for clients to become actively and fully involved in each therapy session.

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Counseling Psychology Existential Therapy Freedom And Responsibility Humanistic Psychology

Study Guide for Existential Therapy – Flashcards 30 terms

Pat Coker

30 terms

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Study Guide for Existential Therapy – Flashcards

question

The basic goal of existential psychotherapy is

answer

to expand self-awareness, to increase choice potentials, to help clients accept responsibility for choosing, and to help the client experience authentic existence.

question

Finding the "courage to be" involves

answer

developing a will to move forward despite fears.

question

The British scolar working to develop training programs in existential therapy is

answer

Emmy van Deurzen.

question

Existential therpay is best considered as

answer

an approach to understanding humans.

question

Philosophically, the existentialists would agree that

answer

the final decision and choices rest with the client, people redefine themselves by their choices, a person can go beyond early conditioning and making choices can create anxiety.

question

According to the exestential viewpoint, death

answer

gives significance to living.

question

Which technique is considered essential to existential therapy?

answer

None of these options

question

Expanding awareness is

answer

a basic goal of existential therapy.

question

Exestintial therapy is

answer

a phenomenological approach to therapy.

question

In existential therapy, the conception of the therapist is

answer

a fully alive human companion for the client.

question

Viktor Frankl's approach to existential therapy is known as

answer

logotherapy.

question

Existentially, the ideas of freedom and responsibility suggest

answer

oour freedom requires us to accept reponsibility for directing our own life, we are free to chose who we will be, and you cannot have one without the other.

question

answer

Ursula's anxiety is normal in light of the traumatic experience she had on 9/11.

question

Extenstientialists contend that the experience of relatedness to other human beings

answer

is healthy if balanced with aloneness.

question

Therapy is viewed as a _____ in the sense that the interpersonal and existential problems of the client will become apparent in the here and now of the therapy relationship.

answer

social microcosm

question

The central theme running through the works of Viktor Frankl is

answer

the will to meaning

question

A statement that best illustrates "bad faith" is

answer

Naturally I'm this way, because I grew up in an alcoholic family.

question

The therapist's presence is:

answer

both a condition and a goal of therapeutic change.

question

Existential therapy is unlike many other therapies in that

answer

it does not have a well-defined set of techniques, it stresses the I/Thou encounter in the therapy process, it focuses on the use of the therapist's self as the core of therapy, and it allows for incorporation of techniques from many other approaches.

question

Being alone is a process by which we do all of the following except:

answer

reject the social overtures of others.

question

When working with a client living a restricted existence, an existential therapist would likely

answer

make the client aware of how their current ways of living are keeping them stuck.

question

From a scientific perspective, esistential psychotherapy

answer

none of the above.

question

The existential approach is particularly well-suited to clients who

answer

are dealing with grief and loss.

question

Existential therapy casn best be considered as a system of highly developed techniques to foster authenticity.

answer

False

question

In the existential approach, techniqies are primary, while subjective understanding of clients is secondary.

answer

False

question

Existential therapist strive to be their authentic selves when working with clients.

answer

True

question

Existential anxiety is seen as a function of our acceptance of our aloneness.

answer

True

question

Martin Buber stressed the importance of presence, which allows for the creation of I/Thou relationships in therapy.

answer

True

question

The existential view is based on a growth mode and conceptualizes health rather than sickness.

answer

True

question

Existentially, humans both long for and wish to escape from their freedom.

answer

True

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Belongingness And Love Needs Counseling Psychology Freedom And Responsibility Humanistic Psychology Jean Paul Sartre Psychology Purpose And Meaning

Existential & Client-Centered (Humanistic) Therapies – Flashcards 41 terms

Robert Carter

41 terms

Preview

Existential & Client-Centered (Humanistic) Therapies – Flashcards

question

humanism

answer

- people have an inclination to become self-actualized & grow - inner drive to focus on human condition

question

humanistic therapies

answer

- existential theories - person/client-cenered views

question

humanistic theories

answer

a philosophy or world view that centers on human interests & human value

question

critics of humanism

answer

overemphasizes self > placing being human too high on a pedestal (in contrast to) the actual place humans should have in life

question

2 more theories considered *phenomenological*

answer

existential & client-centered theories are phenomenological in the sense that they - - *try & get people to focus on the here & now > get patients into the present*

question

existentialism is thought useful for persons in -

answer

- developmental crises - other major transitions

question

what theory is *more a philosophical approach than a particular school of counseling therapy, or theory*?

answer

existentialism

question

how do people deal with things today, the present in their lives? (not whats happened before)

answer

existentialism says the answer = - IS getting in touch with your *freedom to choose* >>> not necessarily following the herd

question

angst

answer

something like distress or anxiety < caused by the search for meaning * a part of being human

question

existential therapies stress what 2 concepts

answer

1.) *helping clients experience their own existence in a meaningful way* >>> they are assumed to be searching for meaning in their lives 2.) all people must ultimately deal with these questions/*sources of angst* - ex: stress, dread or anxiety part of the human experience

question

6 basic assumptions of existential therapies

answer

humans - - have a capacity for *self-awareness* - experience tension between *freedom & responsibility* - create an *identity & establish meaningful relationships* - search for *meaning* - accept *anxiety* as a condition of living >>> we need to accept anxiety > if not, you won't have an effective life - are aware of *death*

question

the 6 assumptions of existential therapies are said to be -

answer

- exclusive to humans - very diverse - no single or fixed view of human nature - very few prescribed techniques instead > - heavily relationship based

question

how are existential therapies diverse?

answer

their views of human nature vary from pessimistic (life is meaningless, empty) >>> to neutral, to positive, to hopeful & optimistic

question

explain existentialism's fixed view of human nature

answer

people are seen as constantly changing > *becoming whomever & whatever they might choose*

question

how are existential therapies relationship based?

answer

focused on empathetic understanding of the client's world - how they're seeking to find meaning

question

goals of existential psychotherapy

answer

- help clients to accept their freedom & responsibility to act - assist people in coming to terms with crises in their lives - encourage clients to recognize the ways in which they are NOT living authentic lives - invite clients to become more honest with themselves - broadens clients' awareness of their choices - facilitate the client's search for purpose & meaning of life - assist clients in developing a deep understanding of themselves & the ways they can effectively communicate with others

question

the greater our awareness, the greater our -

answer

possibilities for freedom

question

awareness is realizing -

answer

- we are finite - we choose to act or not - meaning isn't automatic (it must be sought) - we can be lonely, meaningless, empty, guilty, & isolated

question

explain identity & "courage to be" in existentialism

answer

we trust ourselves to search within & find out own sundered > being existentially "alone" = helps us discover our authentic self

question

relatedness of existentialism

answer

our relationships are based on a desire for fulfillment - relationships that spring from our sense of deprivation = clinging, parasitic, & symbiotic

question

explain why meaning must be pursued in existentialism

answer

finding meaning is a by-product of a commitment to creating, loving, & working * life is not meaningful in itself > the individual must create & discover meaning

question

therapist & client relationship

answer

therapy = a journey by therapist & client - person to person relationship = key - relationship demands that therapists be in contact with their own phenomenological world

question

core of the therapeutic relationship

answer

- respect & faith in the clients' potential to cope - sharing with genuine concern & empathy

question

limitations to existential therapies

answer

- individualistic focus may not fit within the world views of the clients - high focus on self-determination >>> may not fully account for real-life limitations of those who are oppressed OR have limited choices - some clients prefer a more directive approach - the approach may prove difficult for clients who have problems conceptualizing due to intellectual capabilities - the approach *does not focus on specific techniques* > *making treatment difficult to standardize* - limited empirical support

question

founder of person (client) centered therapy

answer

Carl Rogers

question

what was Roger's hypothesis in facilitating client change?

answer

maintained that the presence of CERTAIN CORE CONDITIONS were *necessary & sufficient* to facilitate client change

question

4 core conditions necessary for client change

answer

- unconditional positive regard - empathetic understanding - congruence - warmth

question

different names of person-ceneted therapy

answer

- non directive therapy (1940s) - client-centered therapy (1950s-80s) - person-centered therapy (today)

question

axioms

answer

statements or propositions that is regarded as being established, accepted, or self-evidently true

question

person-centered theory taken as axioms -

answer

- humans are trustworthy/positive - capable of making changes/living productively - innately gravitate toward self-actualization - given right growth-fostering conditions = > people *strive* to move forward

question

immediate public response to client-centered therapy

answer

in part, seen as a reaction against directive/psychoanalytic approaches

question

client-centered therapy challenged -

answer

- assumption "counselor knows best" - validity of advice, persuasion, diagnosis, interpretation - belief clients cannot understand & resolve their own problems WITHOUT direct help

question

client-centered therapy emphasizes -

answer

- therapy as a journey shared by 2 fallible people - self-actualization - quality of therapeutic relationship - counselor's creating of "growth-prompting" climate - people are capable of self-directed growth

question

what are 3 roots for client-centered therapy?

answer

- congruence - unconditional positive regard - accurate empathetic understanding

question

congruence (in therapy)

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therapist's behaviors match their words = genuineness

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unconditional positive regard (in therapy

answer

empathetic identification with the client = warmly accepting clients as they are - acceptance/genuine caring about client as a person - therapist need not approve of client behavior

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accurate empathetic understanding (in therapy)

answer

ability to deeply grasp the client's world > empathy = deep & subjective understanding of the client WITH the client - helper attitudes are more important than knowledge

question

role of therapist in client-centered therapy

answer

- focuses on *quality* of therapeutic relationship - provides supportive environment in which the *client* is the agent of change - serves as a *model*, is *genuine*, authentic = no false front - can *openly express* feelings & attitudes that are present in the relationship with the client - is invested in developing his or her own life experiences > to deepen self-knowledge & move toward self-actualization

question

limitations of the person-centered approach

answer

-cultural considerations - doesn't focus much on techniques = treatment difficult to standardize - beginning therapists > may find it difficult to provide both support & challenges to clients - limits of the therapist as a person may interfere with developing a genuine therapeutic relationship

question

cultural considerations & their limitations on the person-centered approach

answer

- some clients prefer a directive, structured treatment - individuals accustomed to indirect communication may not be comfortable with direct expression of empathy or creativity - individuals from some cultures may disagree with the emphasis on internal locus of control

question

steps/components of Rogers' attempt to facilitate significant, positive personality change & the outcome

answer

*significant positive personality change does not occur EXCEPT in a relationship* 1.) 2 persons are in psychological contace 2.) client is experiencing incongruence 3.) therapist IS congruent or integrated in the relationship 4.) therapist experiences unconditional positive regard for client 5.) therapist experiences empathy for client's internal frame of reference 6.) *communication is, to a minimal degree, achieved*

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Death And Life Existential Therapy Freedom And Responsibility Humanistic Psychology Jean Paul Sartre Pain And Suffering Struggle For Survival

Existential Therapy – Corey Chapter 6 – Flashcards 41 terms

Linda Lynch

41 terms

Preview

Existential Therapy – Corey Chapter 6 – Flashcards

question

Existential Therapy

answer

More of a philosophical approach that influences a counselor's therapeutic practice.

question

Existential therapy focuses on

answer

exploring themes such as mortality, meaning, freedom, responsibility, anxiety, and aloneness as these relate to a person's current struggle.

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Existential therapy is grounded on

answer

the assumption that we are free and therefore responsible for our choices and actions.

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Goal of existential therapy

answer

assist clients in their exploration of the existential "givens of life", how these are sometimes ignored or denied, and how addressing them can ultimately lead to a deeper, more reflective and meaningful existence.

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existential analysis

answer

emphasizes the subjective and spiritual dimensions of human existence.

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Victor Frankl

answer

a central figure in developing existential therapy in Europe and also in bringing it to the US. Developed logotherapy.

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logotherapy

answer

Developed by Viktor Frankl, a brand of existential therapy that literally means "healing through reason"; focuses on challenging members to search for the meaning in life.

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Rollo May

answer

one of the key figures responsible for bringing existentialism from europe to US. "It takes courage to be and our choices determine the kind of person we become."

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Irvin Yalom

answer

developed his approach to individual and group psychotherapy based on the notion that existialism deals with basic given's of existence".

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existential tradition

answer

seeks a balance between recognizing the limits and tragic dimesions of human existence on one hand and the possibilities and opportunities of human life on the other hand.

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Capacity for Self-Awareness

answer

freedom, choice, and responsibility. Both free (choice) and limited (environmental and social constraints). amount of awareness = amount of possibilities for freedom. Aim of counseling is awareness (includes awareness of alternatives, motivations, factors that influence us, and personal goals).

question

Six Basic Dimensions of Human Condition

answer

1. Capacity for self-awareness 2. Tension between freedom and responsibility 3. Creation of an identity and establishing meaningful relationships 4. The search for meaning 5. Accepting anxiety as a condition of living 6. Awareness of death and Non-being

question

Freedom and Responsibility

answer

The freedom to become within the context of natural and self-imposed limitations which shape our destiny. The capacity to reflect the meaning of our choices and to act on the choices we make. Avoided by making excuses.

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freedom

answer

implies that we are responsible for our lives for our actions, and for our failures to take action.

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inauthentic

answer

not accepting personal responsibility due to lack of awareness and belief that our lives are controlled by external forces.

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existential guilt

answer

being aware of having evaded a committment or having chosen not to chose. Guilt is a result not rising to the challenge

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authneticity

answer

we are living by being true to our own evaluation of what is a valuable existence for ourselves. courage to be who we are.

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Striving for identity and relationship to others

answer

Discovery of self. Takes effort and courage to discover if we are more than a collection of others' beliefs. For we fear that we have no core.

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the Search for Meaning

answer

Goals deal with discarding old values, coping with meaninglessness, and creating new meaning. Meaning is pursued obliquely (by-product of engagement).

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Anxiety as a Condition of Living

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Recognizing the realities of our mortality, our confrontation with pain and suffering, our need to struggle for survival, and our basic fallibility. Anxiety helps us become aware of our freedom and the consequences of accepting or rejecting that freedom.

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existential vacuum

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A condition of emptiness and hollowness that results from meaninglessness in life.

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normal anxiety

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healthy life force that is necessary for survival; provides energy needed to carry out the tasks involved in living and striving toward goals; motivates people to make and survive change; prompts constructive behaviors.

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existential anxiety

answer

An outcome of being confronted with the existential givens and our freedom to choose and responsibility on our own person and destiny.

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neurotic anxiety

answer

anxiety about concrete things that is out of proprtion to the situation. Typically comes out of awareness and it tends to immobilize the person.

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Awareness of death and nonbeing

answer

the awareness of death as a basic human condition gives significance to living. Distinguishing human characteristics is the ability to grasp the reality of future and the inevitability of death. Death is positive force that gives meaning to life. Death is motivation to take advantage of the present. Those who fear death also fear life.

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restricted existence

answer

have a limited awareness of themselves and are often vague about the nature of their problems.

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Tasks of Existential Therapist

answer

1. recognize how they have evaded responsibility (others have made choices for them) and 2. encourage them to take steps toward choosing for themselves (rise to the challenge to change your life).

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existential givens

answer

death, freedom, isolation, and meaninglessness.

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Existential Perspective on Human Nature

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no fixed view on human nature, depends on one's particular view of existentialism.

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existential approach

answer

freedom that every human being has to choose his or her own values and meaning in life.

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daesin

answer

being in the world: humans have no meaning without world, world has no meaning without humans. Implies a dynamic state. a constant becoming and growing.

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Existential: 3 levels to how we relate to the world

answer

vein-in-nature, being-with-others, and being-for-oneself. (fourth: one's ideal world)

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Lying (existentialism)

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root of psychopathology because we are avoiding existential anxiety which results in an imbalance in how we relate to the world. (lying to self, others, nature.)

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techniques used in logotherapy

answer

socratic dialogue. paradoxical intention, dereflection, and attitude modification.

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socratic dialogue

answer

A process that cognitive therapists use in helping clients empirically test their core beliefs. Clients form hypotheses about their behavior through observation and monitoring.

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paradoxical intention

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a therapeutic strategy in which the client is instructed to engage in or magnify the behaviors of concern.

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dereflection

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redirecting the attention away from the self, thinking about others rather than themselves; stop thinking of self as diagnosis and instead working towards the search for meaning.

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attitude modification

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modifying or changing client's attitudes or thinking about something that can't be changed so more meaningful perspectives can emerge.

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Strengths of Existential Therapy

answer

focuses on the person. Therapist has genuine respect for the person, deals with core human issues (death, meaning), therapist as wounded healer.

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Weaknesses of Existential Therapy

answer

theoretical concepts vague, therapy can be confrontational depending on therapist, issues may not be interested in being explored, no therapeutic techniques or structure, typically time consuming.

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Biblical Perspective

answer

Plus (questions on existence, therapeutic agape love) Negative (meaning found in Jesus, real agape love can only be given by the Holy Spirit, therapist can inadvertently influence client away form God, God is center not self)

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Counseling Psychology Freedom And Responsibility Progressive Muscle Relaxation Relationship With The Client Theory And Practice Therapy

Existential – Flashcards 70 terms

Charlotte Small

70 terms

Preview

Existential – Flashcards

question

Which persons are associated with the existential movement?

answer

- Rollo May - Victor Frankl - Irvin Yalom

question

The central goal of existential psychotherapy is to:

answer

increase awareness

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Finding the "courage to be" involves:

answer

developing a will to move forward in spite of anxiety producing situations.

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Emmy van Deurzen

answer

The British scholar working to develop training programs in existential therapy is:

question

What are the essential aims of existential-humanistic therapy?

answer

- To help clients become more present to both themselves and others - To assist clients in identifying ways they block themselves from fuller presence - To challenge clients to assume responsibility for designing their present lives NOT To dispute clients' irrational beliefs

question

Existential therapy is best considered as:

answer

an approach to understand the subjective world of the client.

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Which was part of Stan's work in existential therapy?

answer

- Challenging his feelings of loneliness - Confronting his responsibility for his drug and alcohol use - Exploring Stan's human potential NOT Working on his inauthentic relationship with his siblings

question

Philosophically, the existentialists would agree that:

answer

making choices can create anxiety

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Characteristic existential themes include:

answer

- Freedom and responsibility - - -

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According to the existential viewpoint, death:

answer

gives significance to living.

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In regards to techniques, existential practitioners believe:

answer

no set of techniques is considered essential.

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In a group based on existential principles, clients learn all of the following

answer

- that there are no ultimate answers for ultimate concerns. - to view themselves through others' eyes. - to come to terms with the paradoxes of existence.

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Existential analysis

answer

emphasizes the subjective and spiritual dimensions of human existence.

question

Existential therapy is:

answer

a phenomenological approach to therapy.

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Existential therapists prefer to be thought of as:

answer

philosophical companions, not as people who repair psyches.

question

When is the counseling process at its best from an existential viewpoint?

answer

When the deepest self of the therapist meets the deepest part of the client.

question

Viktor Frankl's approach to existential therapy is known as:

answer

logotherapy

question

Which of the following is true about Rollo May?

answer

- He is most responsible for translating European existentialism into American psychotherapeutic theory and practice. - He focuses on the subjective dimension of therapy. - He is a significant spokesman for the existential approach in the United States. NOT that He believes that we can only escape anxiety by exercising our freedom.

question

In regards to freedom and responsibility, existential therapy embraces three values.

answer

- The freedom to become within the context of natural and self-imposed limitations - The capacity to reflect on the meaning of our choices - The capacity to act on the choices we make

question

answer

Ursula's anxiety is normal in light of the traumatic experience she had on 9/11.

question

Who was the Danish philosopher that addressed the role of anxiety and uncertainty in life?

answer

Soren Kierkegaard

question

Existentialists contend that the experience of relatedness to other human beings:

answer

is healthy when we are able to stand alone and tap into our own strength.

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According to existentialists, our search for meaning involves

answer

- discarding old values. - meaninglessness. - creating our own value system. NOT exploring unfinished business.

question

Therapy is viewed as a ___________________ in the sense that the interpersonal and existential problems of the client will become apparent in the here and now of the therapy relationship.

answer

social microcosm

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The central theme running through the works of Viktor Frankl is:

answer

the will to meaning.

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According to Yalom, the concerns that make up the core of existential psychodynamics include all of the following,

answer

- death - freedom - meaninglessness. NOT togetherness.

question

A statement that best illustrates "bad faith" is:

answer

Naturally I'm this way, because I grew up in an alcoholic family. NOT: - I will not consider others in the choices I make. - I must live by commitments I make. - I am responsible for the choices that I make.

question

For Sartre, existential guilt is what we experience when we

answer

allow others to define us or to make our choices for us.

question

The therapist's presence is:

answer

both a condition and a goal of therapeutic change.

question

How is existential therapy unlike many other therapies?

answer

- It does not have a well-defined set of techniques. - It stresses the I/Thou encounter in the therapy process. - It allows for incorporation of techniques from many other approaches. NOT that It focuses on the use of the specific techniques created for this theory.

question

What are the basic dimensions of the human condition?

answer

- Capacity for self-awareness - Establishing meaningful relationships with others - Freedom and responsibility NOT Striving for acceptance of others

question

Being alone is a process by which we do all of the following

answer

- learn to tolerate feelings of isolation. - develop strength and self-reliance. - develop a deep understanding of ourselves. NOT to reject the social overtures of others.

question

The goals of existential therapy

answer

- to help clients become more present to both themselves and others. - to assist clients in identifying ways they block themselves from fuller presence. - to encourage clients to choose more expanded ways of being in their daily lives. NOT helping clients to eliminate anxiety in their lives.

question

When working with a client living a restricted existence, an existential therapist would likely:

answer

make the client aware of how his or her current ways of living are keeping him or her stuck.

question

In the book Staring at the Sun: Overcoming the Terror of Death (2008), ________________ develops the idea that confronting death enables us to live in a more compassionate way.

answer

Irvin Yalom

question

From a multicultural perspective, some clients may reject this approach because:

answer

their life circumstances provide them with truly limited choices.

question

From a scientific perspective, existential psychotherapy

answer

is difficult to research because every psychotherapy experience is unique.

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The existential approach is particularly well-suited to clients who:

answer

are dealing with grief and loss.

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Existential therapy groups are particularly helpful for clients working on:

answer

issues of responsibility.

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Time-limited existential treatments:

answer

can serve as a catalyst for clients to become actively and fully involved in each therapy session.

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Rollo May has been instrumental in translating some concepts drawn from existential philosophy and applying them to psychotherapy.

answer

True

question

Existential therapy can best be considered as a system of highly developed techniques designed to foster authenticity.

answer

False

question

The outcomes of existential therapy have been submitted to rigorous empirical testing.

answer

False

question

Existential therapy grew out of a reaction to the limitations of both the psychoanalytic and deterministic stance.

answer

True

question

A central existential concept is that although we long for freedom we often try to escape from our freedom by defining ourselves as a fixed or static entity.

answer

True

question

In the existential approach, techniques are primary, while subjective understanding of clients is secondary.

answer

False

question

Existential therapists strive to be their authentic selves when working with clients.

answer

True

question

According to existential thinking, effective therapy does not stop with awareness, for clients are challenged to take action based on their insights.

answer

True

question

From the existential viewpoint, anxiety is seen as a neurotic manifestation; thus the aim of therapy is to eliminate anxiety so clients can live comfortably.

answer

False

question

Existential anxiety is the unavoidable result of being confronted with the "givens of existence."

answer

True

question

During the initial phase of counseling, existentially oriented therapists assist clients in identifying and clarifying their assumptions about the world.

answer

True

question

Existentialists claim that the use of specific techniques is the cornerstone of the approach.

answer

False

question

According to the existential view, death makes life meaningless.

answer

False

question

A major criticism of the existential approach is that it lacks a systematic statement of the principles and practices of psychotherapy.

answer

True

question

This approach puts emphasis on the human quality of the therapeutic relationship.

answer

True

question

Martin Buber stressed the importance of presence, which allows for the creation of I/Thou relationships in therapy.

answer

True

question

Existential guilt is being aware of having evaded a commitment, or having chosen not to choose.

answer

True

question

The existential view is not designed to "cure" people of illness in the tradition of the medical model because people are not sick but are "sick of life or clumsy at living."

answer

True

question

In the existential framework, inaction is a decision.

answer

True

question

Existential therapy is especially appropriate for clients who are struggling with developmental crises.

answer

True

question

Existentially, humans both long for and wish to escape from their freedom.

answer

True

question

The existential approach can be used in a brief therapy context.

answer

True

question

Existential therapy is rarely used for group treatment.

answer

False

question

The existential vacuum represents a place of reflection and solace.

answer

False

question

Currently, there is wide-ranging international interest in the existential approach to psychotherapy.

answer

True

question

Existential therapy is especially useful in working with culturally diverse populations because of its focus on individuality.

answer

False

question

The core of the therapeutic relationship is respect.

answer

True

question

A distinctly human characteristic is the struggle for a sense of peace.

answer

False

question

Freedom implies that we are responsible for the lives of others around us.

answer

False

question

Failure to move through anxiety results in neurotic anxiety.

answer

True

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Counseling Psychology Family Psychology Freedom And Responsibility Paving The Way Structural Family Therapy Two Way Process

Psychotherapy: Teyber: Chapter 10: Working through and termination – Flashcards 45 terms

Donna Chou

45 terms

Preview

Psychotherapy: Teyber: Chapter 10: Working through and termination – Flashcards

question

Working through

answer

*clients try out with others the emotional relearning that has occurred with the therapist. *Linking changes that have occurred with the therapist to changes with significant others in their current lives.

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Clients often change in a relatively ___________

answer

sequence of steps.

question

When clients can allow themselves to feel good about the decision to seek help, or when the therapist can help clients reframe their need for help so they can have more self empathy:

answer

*some initial relief of symptoms may result

question

Clients are pressured when the therapist:

answer

1) Invites them to express their concerns directly and fully 2) Listens intently with respect and empathy 3) Is able to enter their subjective worldview -grasp the core meaning of concerns 4) Work collaboratively with the client on treatment plan that yields hope 5) Helps client feel connected to caring "other" 6) Demonstrates a practical ability to help solve at least some small part of the client's immediate problem or symptoms

question

Differentiated sense of self

answer

*When therapist respectfully challenges client's faulty schemas and beliefs about how relationships must and always will be. *This refers to connection to a coherent, reflective, and integrated inner voice that is the foundation for self efficacy and self agency.

question

Sequence of change:

answer

1) Client experiences the therapist as a go-to person 2) Therapist successes in focusing clients inward on their own thoughts, feelings, and response patterns and away from their preoccupation with he problematic behavior of others. (INTERNAL FOCUS) 3) Pace of change accelerates when clients begin to express each sequential feeling in their affective constellations. 4) As client's conflicted emotions emerge, the therapist is also better able to conceptualize clients' relational schemas and the pathogenic belief that accompany them. -Therapist then focuses treatment on how these clients are reexperiencing the same relational patterns, faulty assumptions, and affective themes throughout the various issues and concerns they present. -Process comments 5) ***Reenactment in the therapeutic relationship = failure or success**** -transference -client induced countertransference -therapist induced countertransference *Client needs repetitive real life experience of change for most successful outcome.

question

Harville Hendrix

answer

*MFT *3 "P's" 1) Pick 2) Provoke 3) Perceive

question

When client experiences the therapeutic relationship as different and finds that problematic expectations are not confirmed, two things happen:

answer

1) Therapist begins in earnest to assist the client to actively transfer the client's here and now relearning to other relationships. 2) Many clients will come back the next session, following a corrective emotional experience with the therapist, and relate successes and failures in their attempts to relate in this new way with others in their life.

question

The working through process

answer

1) Change begins in the therapeutic relationship 2) Therapist will encourage client to try out new ways of responding with them in the therapy setting 3) Therapist can anticipate that client will test them 4) Therapist provides a corrective emotional experience 5) Working through 6) Clients change first with with acquaintances they do not know well -lower risk 7) Followed by change with supportive others who are important to the client. 8) Some clients will try to change old response patterns with: A) developmental figures Others will: B) primary others and then transition to formative issues with developmental figures.

question

Clients generally will try to make changes first in the _______ sphere that feels safest of most likely to succeed.

answer

Interpersonal

question

During the working through stage of therapy the core conflict will be repeatedly expressed in four arenas of client functioning:

answer

1) The current interaction or interpersonal process that is transpiring with the therapist. 2) When reviewing crisis events in the client's life or the crisis events that originally prompted the client to seek treatment. 3) In developmental relationships with family members. 4) In current relationships with friends and significant others in which the client's emotional problems are being activated.

question

Clients with a preoccupied attachment style:

answer

*are anxious that therapist will not be consistently available and their needs will not be met. *Talk about problems in diffuse, overwhelming terms. *Difficult for these clients to accept and internalize the therapists' benevolence toward them and so they have difficulty developing a sustained, coherent, and compassionate sense of self. *Working though will be harder for these clients.

question

Working through requires flexibility to become more

answer

*reflective *consider different perspectives *Explore new ways of being with others *Discerning more selectively with whom to disclose and trust

question

Clients with Dismissive style:

answer

*Likely to have difficulty both recognizing and disclosing their needs *engaging emotionally with the therapist *Primary task is to help client consider the possibility that "being in relationship" does no inevitably hold the threat of intrusive control from others. *Asking for help is separate from weakness

question

Earned security

answer

*When dismissive client has the real life experience that the unwanted responses they expected did not occur in this relationship, can the client begin to translate this reparative experience to relationships outside the therapy room where they often have been hurt in the past in these familiar ways.

question

As clients improve through the working-through period, they will increasingly perceive the therapist in more ____________

answer

realistic terms. *As this occurs, transference projections and eliciting maneuvers have been jointly identified and are being resolved.

question

Therapist's task is to actively help clients:

answer

anticipate and negotiate the successes and failures that are likely to follow.

question

How to prepare clients to manage the disappointments that are an inevitable part of the change process:

answer

1) Helping clients realistically anticipate how each new person is likely to respond to their changes. 2) Helping clients spell out in detail how they are likely to feel, and what they are likely to say and do, if they receive a version of the old unwanted response to their healthier new behavior. 3) By role playing and providing new, more adaptive responses that, after rehearsing in therapy, clients can use at this discouraging moment, instead of repeating what they have usually done in such circumstances in the past.

question

Despite improvement through the working through period, clients will

answer

*still be struggling with their core conflicts. *Therapist will still have to consistently work to provide corrective emotional experiences.

question

As clients explore the potential for change in current relationships and come to terms more realistically with the possibilities and limits of these relationships, two new sub phases in the working through process may emerge:

answer

1) Clients begin to look back on their formative experiences that shaped their problems they are now resolving. 2) Clients begin to look ahead and think more about who they want to be in the future

question

Process of experiencing a different response from therapist, along with new ways of thinking about self and others, contributes meaningfully to

answer

emotional regulation

question

Family of work origin

answer

*Liberating for clients to explore the familial interactions and developmental experiences that shaped current conflict. *Not productive for therapists to lead client back in time. *Instead, a mutual exploration of familial and developmental experiences can teach therapists and clients a great deal about the faulty schemas and coping strategies that clients originally learned.

question

Mechanism responsible for change in the interpersonal process approach

answer

*Both meaningful insight and sustainable behavior change follow or result from clients' new or reparative experience with the therapist.

question

Following corrective emotional experience, many clients will:

answer

lead the therapist back to the developmental experiences that shaped some of their problems.

question

2 guidelines to help clients with this family of origin work

answer

1) internal focus for change 2) grief work -clients mourn and come to terms with what they have missed developmentally

question

In grief work, Clients to do not need to discuss with with caregivers problems in historical relationships, however they do need:

answer

1) Stop disavowing and acknowledge to themselves what was legitimately wrong 2) Stop their own participation in any ongoing mistreatment 3) Grieve for the support, protection, or validation they wanted but have missed

question

Therapists need to prepare adult clients that:

answer

when they introduce healthier new behavior into their family systems it will often be met with significant resistance.

question

Therapists need to

answer

help clients come to terms with both the good and the bad news about their current situations/past relationships

question

2 Countertransference issues that prevent therapists from helping clients achieve resolution of such family of origin work:

answer

1) Because of therapists own splitting defenses they downplay or minimize the extent and continuing influence of painful developmental experiences -In contrast, therapist only want to blame the caregivers, make then "bad" and ignore the strengths and positive contributions that also were present in the relationship. 2) Therapist often want to bypass the work of mourning. -therapist reluctance occurs because of own unfinished family of origin and grief work.

question

The dream

answer

* As clients make behavioral changes and feel better as they work through their problems they focus of therapy will begin to move toward future plans that reflect like enhancing aspirations and goals for the client. *the transition from solving problems to leading a fuller and more meaningful life

question

Levinson

answer

*described the profound influence of the dream in shaping the structure of adult life and the course of personal development.

question

Many clients have never had the opportunity in their families of origin to know themselves, to clarify what their _________

answer

genuine interests and passions might be, or to choose their own goals and pursue their own ambitions. *Clients need to be actively encouraged as they enter this stage to explore and formulate their OWN personal dreams based on their own interests.

question

For many clients:

answer

actively pursuing what they really want to do, or successfully attaining what they want in life, commonly threatens attachment ties and arouses both separation anxiety and separation guilt-leading client to retreat from progress or undo their success in treatment.

question

When students do these 2 things, few clients drop out prematurely:

answer

1) Stretch their personal comfort zone and actively engage with clients in these forthright and direct ways right from the beginning 2) Are able to "get" what is most important to the client and provide empathic understanding, few clients drop out prematurely.

question

Offering the client a "gift"

answer

Needs to be something that demonstrates behaviorally that you, as a therapist, are someone who has the ability to be helpful and make a difference.

question

Role induction for the client

answer

*Emphasizes education about the therapeutic relationship and redefining social norms to include straight talk about what might be going between the client and the therapist.

question

Mentalizing perspective

answer

*Having the client's mind in mind

question

Therapists know that clients are ready to terminate when they receive converging reports of client change from three different sources:

answer

1) From clients 2) From their own observations 3) From significant others in the client's life

question

Natural ending

answer

*Clients work is finished

question

Clients' old schemas, transference distortions, and faulty expectations will often be

answer

reactive toward the therapist as they begin to discuss ending.

question

The single most important guideline for negotiating a successful termination is to

answer

unambiguously acknowledge and sensitively address the reality of the ending.

question

What therapists often find hardest about unnatural endings and about time limited treatment is

answer

managing their own guilt or defensiveness in the face of clients' anger over the ending.

question

Mann

answer

*Therapist need to acknowledge the similarity of the clients feelings at termination and at past separations, and then explore with clients what they can do together to make this termination different and better from such problematic endings in the past.

question

Marx and Gelso: three main steps in effective terminations:

answer

1) Looking back and reviewing what has changed 2) Looking ahead and making realistic plans for coping with problems that are likely to come up 3) Saying good-bye.

question

Review-Predict-Practice sequence

answer

1) Review progress 2)Predict challenging events or anxiety arousing situations 3) Practice in dealing with these triggering issues or familiar patterns *role playing both effective and ineffective responses to threatening or unwanted interactions that clients are likely to face in the future.

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AP English Literature And Composition Course(s) In English English 1 Freedom And Responsibility

A Land Remembered Chapters 1-5 set – Flashcards 25 terms

Alexandra Robertson

25 terms

Preview

A Land Remembered Chapters 1-5 set – Flashcards

question

What does Yoyo's father buy her and what does it represent?

answer