Earthquakes And Volcanoes Flashcards, test questions and answers
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What is Earthquakes And Volcanoes?
Earthquakes and volcanoes are two of the most powerful and destructive phenomena on Earth. They both have an incredible amount of energy stored within them, which can cause tremendous destruction when they are released. Earthquakes occur when two plates suddenly slip past each other along a fault line, releasing energy in the form of seismic waves that travel through the earth’s crust. Volcanoes, on the other hand, occur when molten rock or magma rises to the surface of Earth from deep within its interior and erupts outwards in spectacular fashion.Earthquakes can range from minor tremors to massive quakes that cause widespread destruction over large areas. During an earthquake, seismic waves ripple through the ground causing buildings to shake and sometimes collapse if they are not built properly to withstand these vibrations. Earthquakes also have a number of secondary effects such as landslides and tsunamis which further add to their devastating impact on human life and property. Additionally, earthquakes can trigger volcanic eruptions by altering the pressure beneath a volcano’s surface or even by weakening an existing cone structure around it, leading to increased gas production which eventually leads to an eruption.Volcanic eruptions involve molten rock or magma rising from deep inside Earth’s crust toward its surface where it explodes outward in spectacular fashion accompanied by ash clouds, lava flows, and pyroclastic debris flows that can spread over large distances with great speed leading to catastrophic damage where it passes through. The heat generated during volcanic eruptions is so intense that it has been known to melt ice caps miles away while ash clouds may reach high altitudes cooling down global temperatures for years after an event has taken place. Volcanic activity is also responsible for some geologic formations like islands while earthquakes may cause mountainsides or coastal regions to sink due their powerful vibrations shaking up underlying soil structures. Though both phenomena are incredibly destructive in nature there is one major difference between them: Earthquakes cannot be predicted whereas volcanoes often show telltale signs before eruption such as frequent small earthquakes occurring around its crater indicating activity underneath it increasing pressure at its surface leading up towards possible eruption soon after unless prevented beforehand using methods such as injecting water into its vents or cooling down lava flows using chemical agents like sulfur dioxide foam sprayers etcetera.