Civil War Flashcards, test questions and answers

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What is Civil War?

The American Civil War was an incredibly bloody and destructive conflict that occurred between 1861 and 1865. It pitted the Union, led by President Abraham Lincoln, against the Confederate States of America, led by Jefferson Davis. The war was fought primarily to determine whether or not slavery would remain legal in the United States. While many other grievances existed between both sides, this issue served as a major source of contention which eventually resulted in open warfare throughout various parts of the country. The first official battle of the war took place on April 12th 1861 at Fort Sumter in South Carolina. This marked the beginning of four long years of bloodshed that left over 750,000 soldiers dead and countless others injured or displaced from their homes. Both sides used increasingly innovative tactics and strategies to gain dominance over one another; these included strategic railroads for transporting troops & supplies as well as naval Blockades to prevent opposing forces from gaining access to coastal cities & ports. In addition to its immense physical destruction, it’s important to note that the Civil War had a profound impact on American society as a whole. Slavery was abolished following Union victory in 1865 after which millions of African Americans were freed from bondage with no resources or skills necessary for survival in a rapidly industrializing post-war economy; this brought about immense social change as formerly enslaved people began moving into cities seeking better opportunities while also pushing back against de facto racism embedded within existing power structures across much of the south and beyond.