Bellarossa – Flashcards

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Which of the following best explains the dependence of the Southern economy on slavery?
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The southern economy was rural and consisted mostly of plantations
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What was Henry Clay's primary purpose in offering the Compromise of 1850?
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To avoid a civil war over the issue of slavery
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Which of the following was not an example of Northern resistance to the Fugitive Slave Act?
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Lengthy legal battles on behalf of runaway slaves
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Which words best describe John Brown?
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Antislavery and violent
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Which view best summarizes Lincoln's position on slavery in 1858?
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The issue of slavery needs to be once an for all resolved because "A house divided against itself cannot stand"
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What was one effect of John Brown's actions at Harpers Ferry?
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An increase in tensions between the north and the south
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Members of the Know Nothing Party were known for all of the following except
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their Support of the rights of immigrants
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The topic of the Lincoln Douglass debates was
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Slavery in the territories
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Before the Civil War, the abolitionists used all of the following tactics except
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Taking a nationwide vote
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Manufacturing in the Old South lagged behind that in the North because
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Cotton was a more profitable investment
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Which was true of free blacks living in the North during the thirty years prior to the Civil War
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Blacks faced extreme racial tensions
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William Lloyd Garrison pledged his dedication to
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The immediate abolition of slavery in the South
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What was the significance of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin
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It provoked a more aggressive antisouthern and antislavery position in those who were uncertain on the slavery issue
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Between 1830 and 1860, many southerners came to defend slavery because all of the following reasons:
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The growth of the cotton economy made slavery very profitable again, They believed slaves were better off than the poor unfortunate people who worked in northern factories, and The attacks of the abolitionists pushed them into defending the southern way of life
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Many Southerners supported the Compromise of 1850 because
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it Provided for the return of fugitive slaves
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Despite earlier efforts to settle the issue, the slavery question became a major issue in the 1840s and 1850s because the
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Nation was expanding to the West
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By opening territory north of 36º30' to slavery, the KansasNebraska Act repealed
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the Missouri Compromise
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Stephen Douglass' advocacy of popular sovereignty in the Kansas-Nebraska Act ignited rather than dispelled the flames of sectionalism. Popular society
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sought to let the residents of Kansas-Nebraska areas determine their own laws on slavery through elections
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"Bleeding Kansas" gained its reputation for violence because of the
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sporadic warfare between settlers on opposing sides in the battle over the slavery issue
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Stephen A. Douglass argued in his Freeport Doctrine during the Lincoln Douglass debates that
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Action by territorial legislatures could keep slavery out of the territories
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In the Dred Scott case, the Supreme Court ruled that
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Dred Scott was not a citizen of the US, Dred Scott could not legally sue in a federal court, the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional, Congress had no power to ban slavery from a territory
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When the Supreme Court ruled in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) that the Missouri Compromise (1820) was an unconstitutional infringement on property rights, the Supreme Court was exercising
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Judicial review
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The 1860 Republican Party platform favored all of the following:
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Construction of a transcontinental railroad, Protective tariffs, and Free homesteads
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The Crittenden Compromise of 1860
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Suggested amendments to protect slavery while absolutely limiting its spread
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The Battle of Fort Sumter
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Was a bloodless siege, except for the loss of life to one poor confederate horse, ending with the Union relinquishing the fort
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The leading advocates of free public education included all of the following:
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Horace Mann of Massachusetts, Abraham Lincoln of Illinois, and DeWitt Clinton of New York
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The leading advocates of banning alcohol consumption were the _____ organizations.
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Temperance
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The leading advocate for the insane was
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Dorothy Dix of Massachusetts
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On the outset, president Lincoln held that the Civil War was being fought to?
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Preserve the union
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The North held the advantage over the South in each of the following areas:
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non cash crop farm acreage, population, manufactures goods
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Why did both the south and north experience rioting during the civil war?
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In the south over food; in the north over draft
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The commanding general of the army of northern Virginia was
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Robert e lee
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The president of the confederacy was
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Jefferson Davis
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The emancipation proclamation
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free the slaves only in areas in rebellion against the US but not in areas that remained loyal
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In 1870 and 1871 the violent campaigns of the Ku Klux Klan forced congress to pass two enforcement acts and an anti Klan law. These laws:
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in many states were virtually ignored
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The north interpreted black codes as
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evidence that the south sought to keep freemen in an economically dependent and legally inferior status
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In the presidential election of 1868, Ulysses S Grant?
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Owed his victory to the votes of former status
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Congress brought impeachment charges against president Andrew Johnson because he
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violated an act of congress by removing a cabinet member without senate approval
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As a result of the final vote in his impeachment trial, president Andrew Johnson
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remained in office
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The reconstruction policies of the radical republicans were probably motivated by a
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humanitarian concern for the former slaves, hopes for republican power in the south, and bitterness over having to fight the costly war
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In the year after the civil war, most freemen ended up working as?
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Farmers under a sharecropper system
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Compromise of 1877 did which of the following?
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Ended federal military support of republican administrations in the south
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The purpose of the freedman's bureau was to
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feed adjust and educate the former slaves thus aiding their adjustment to freedom
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In return for supporting him for president, Rutherford B Hayes promised southern democrats
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the withdrawal of federal troops from the south
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Southern laws that kept African American separate form white were called
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Jim crow
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Lee surrendered to grant at
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Appomattox court house
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The status of working a piece of land in return for a portion of the crops is called
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sharecropping
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During the civil war, the term copperhead referred to
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northerners who opposed the civil war
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Americans in the post civil war decades who waved the bloody shirt were
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republicans reviving the memory of southern democratic disloyalty during the civil war
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Suspension of the writ of habeas corpus and the bill of rights in certain areas such as Maryland is evidence of which of the following?
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Presidential power increased during the civil war
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In 1867 secretary of state Seward accomplished an enduring success in foreign relations for the Johnson administration when he
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purchased Alaska from Russia
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What two issues lay at the heart of reconstruction?
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The future of political and economic power for freed slaves and the future of north south economic and political relations
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The grandfather clause
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denied black Americans the franchise in the south
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The first battle of civil war, bull run resulted in a
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bloody but indecisive southern victory
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In 1862, the union forces under McClellan were unable to capture the confederate capital
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Richmond, Virginia
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In the battle of ______ lee invaded Maryland and the north for the first time
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second Manassas
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After the battle of _____ , GB and France changed their minds about recognizing the confederacy
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Antietam
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The emancipation proclamation of 1863
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freed slaves in the confederacy only
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The traditions of cattle herding began with Hispanic ranch
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Mexico
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A new form of fencing used on the Great Plains was
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barbed wire
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Native Americans on the great plains used the ____ for many of the essentials of life
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buffalo
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The intent of the homestead act was to
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encourage families to develop the west
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What is a Soddy?
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A home made out of prairie turf
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The Indian peace commission recommended moving native Americans to
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reservations
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Why did US soldiers kill ghost dances in the Wounded Knee massacre?
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The soldiers feared the ghost dancers were preparing for war
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The homestead act provided
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160 acres of free land within the publican domain to any head of household who would settle on it and improve it over a period of 5 years
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The railroads influenced the cattle industry by
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helping to make the long drive economically feasible, transporting cattle to markets in the north and the east, and bringing in farmers who fenced the plains, eventually ending the open range form of cattle ranching
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The federal governments Indian policy between 1876 and 1900 was characterized by
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a movement to encourage the Indians to learn the ways of white society
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The purpose of the Dawes severalty act of 1887 was
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to weaken tribes, allot land to individual Indians, and promote assimilation
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12. Cattle and sheep could not cohabitate because
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the cattle thought the sheep smelled funny
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Which of the following is an example of a native American victory
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little big horn
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The Credit Mobiler was
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a large and corrupt railroad construction company
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The mining frontier was significant because
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it stimulated the cattle and railroad business
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Kansas appealed to the Exodusters for all of the reasons of
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they wanted a life that was free from discrimination in the south, under the homestead act they too were able tog et 160 acres of land, and Kansas symbolized freedom and the Eoxdusters compared themselves to Hebrews who were led out of slavery in Egypt
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The historian Fredrik Jackson turner argued that the frontier shaped American be
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stimulation individualism, independence an democracy
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The two factors that did most to stimulate rapid western settlement were
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the homestead act and the railroad
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The mining towns which developed between 1860 and 1890
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Were often abandoned after the mines closed, were predominately settled by men, frequently suffered from lawlessness
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Who are the "Wasichus?"
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Whites
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What are the "islands for us?"
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Indian reservations
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Who are the "Four leggeds?
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Buffalo
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Which of the following most allowed manufacturers to build their factories away from rivers?
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Electricity
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Which of the following did Social Darwinism discourage?
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government regulations
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Why were scabs unpopular with striking workers during the late 1800s?
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They were workers used to break strikes
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Why did industrial consolidation and trusts reduce during the late 1800s?
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competition
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Social Darwinism was used to justify all of the following except
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government regulation of business
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Vertical integration, a business strategy used by steel mogul Andrew Carnegie, involves
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buying out raw material producers and distributors
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Tamney Hall was the name of
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A New York political machine
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An example of patronage would be
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appointing a friend to a political position
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What made it possible to construct skyscrapers in the 1800s?
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new methods of making steel
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The Stalwarts were strong supporters of
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the spoils system
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The Pendleton Civil Service Act required
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applicants for government jobs to pass examinations
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Which of the following is an example of graft?
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saying a project costs more than it did and keeping the difference for yourself
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Which of the following issues prompted the assassination of President Garfield?
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civil service reform
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Which of the following did NOT contribute to the problems of farmers in the late 19th century?
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lack of available land
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The basic economic motivation behind the silver standard was to
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ease the burden of farmers in debt
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The Populist movement of the 1890s can best be described as a
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Political coalition of farming interests directed against banking and railroad interests
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Sherman Anti Trust Act of 1890
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was an ineffective attempt to regulate the abuses of big business
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A major reason for the low wages of unskilled workers throughout the late 1900 century
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Factory owners were able to draw cheap labor on a global scale
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All of the following were important factors in post Civil War industrial expansion Except-
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immigration restrictions
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Many employers cut wages in the late 19th century by
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hiring woman and children
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The ideas of Social Darwinism allowed men of wealth, like Carnegie and Rockefeller, to
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justify the economics inequality that favored them over the nation's poor
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The purpose of the Pendleton Act of 1883 was to
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Fill some government jobs on the basis of merit through competitive exams
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Stalwarts were
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A faction of the Republican Party that fought over issues like civil service reform
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From 1876
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1897, political control of the native government in the United States- was dominated by the Republican Party
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Mark Twain called the era following the Civil War the "Gilded Age" because
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The glitter and flashiness of the time seemed to mask the ugliness and crass materialism that lay beneath the surface
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Grover Cleveland believed that Government should
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refrain from paternalistic meddling in the economy through high protective tariffs
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The Gilded Age was generally a period of monetary
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deflation
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Which of the following was not a Robber Baron-
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Roscoe Conkling
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A group of companies that turned control of their stock over to a common board, which then runs the companies as a single corporation, leading to horizontal integration is
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Trust
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The spread of the telephone required _____, providing new jobs for women.
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Operators
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A trust may become a monopoly if
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it gains exclusive control of an industry
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The significance of the Haymarket Square incident in 1886 was that
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it stimulated a hysterical wave of fear of anarchism and it alleged connection with unionism.
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In the late nineteenth century, the American working classes suffered from three of the following conditions. Which is the exception?
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no jobs for unskilled workers
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Business leaders John D. Rockefeller, J. P. Morgan, and Cornelius Vanderbilt were referred to as robber barons primarily because they
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were ruthless in dealing with competitors
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During the late 1800s, what was the main reason labor unions had difficulty achieving gains for workers?
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the government supported business efforts to limit the power of un
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