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AP Psychology Asking For Clarification Emphasize The Importance Of Introductory Psychology Psychology Unconditional Positive Regard

PSYC 101, Chapter 14 Learning Curve, Lewis, Chico State – Flashcards 50 terms

Deloris Connelly

50 terms

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PSYC 101, Chapter 14 Learning Curve, Lewis, Chico State – Flashcards

question

This therapy evolved out of the classic psychoanalytic therapy.

answer

psychodynamic

question

According to humanistic therapy, _____ is more important than unconscious thought.

answer

conscious thought

question

This form of treatment associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

answer

aversive conditioning

question

Conducting cognitive-behavioral therapy through the _____ has recently been seen as being beneficial, however, whether it is more beneficial than face-to-face therapy has yet to be determined.

answer

Internet

question

Growing and living within a family structure at the same time an individual is working to maintain their identity outside of the family often results in _____.

answer

stress

question

The aim of Freud's therapy was to bring a patient's repressed _____ into conscious awareness.

answer

feelings

question

Marlow is suffering from schizophrenia. In addition to medication, Marlow sees a therapist once a week to help him re-socialize and modify his maladaptive behaviors. Marlow's therapist is most likely using what approach?

answer

eclectic

question

_____ emphasized the importance of active listening in the process of psychotherapy.

answer

Carl Rogers

question

This therapy associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli.

answer

systematic desensitization

question

______ therapy teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting. It is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

answer

Aaron Beck's

question

Therapists often suggest group therapy when:

answer

the client's problems stem from their social interactions with others.

question

Carlos is suffering from bipolar disorder, a disorder where Carlos' mood shifts between periods of depression, periods of mania, and normal functioning. To help control the symptoms of his disorder, Carlos takes medication regularly. Carlos most likely sees a therapist who specializes in what type of therapy?

answer

biomedical therapy

question

Nancy's therapist is an active listener who often paraphrases what she says. He does not judge her and is quite open to her exploration of her weaknesses. He gives her appropriate validation and encourages her to reflect on her feelings. He wants to deepen her self-understanding. Her therapy is most likely _____.

answer

client-centered

question

To help Philomena overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. This approach to treatment best illustrates _____.

answer

aversive conditioning

question

_____ is a widely practiced integrative therapy which aims not only to alter the way people think, but also to alter the way they act.

answer

cognitive-behavioral therapy

question

Although group therapy does not provide the same degree of therapist involvement as individual therapy it does provide all of the following EXCEPT: a.it is easier to schedule an appointment for. b.it saves the therapist time. c.it saves the client money. d.it can be as beneficial as individual therapy.

answer

question

Angelina is suffering from depression. Once a week she sees a therapist and with the therapist's help she has begun to explore her past experiences and how they might have contributed to her depression. In addition, Angelina's therapist has Angelina begin to adopt new ways of thinking about the current events in her life. Angelina's therapist is more than likely using which type of therapy?

answer

psychotherapy

question

This therapy, along with psychodynamic therapy, are often referred to as "insight therapies."

answer

humanistic

question

_____ is a behavior therapy commonly used to treat phobias.

answer

Systematic desensitization

question

In a residential treatment facility for troubled youth, adolescent children receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The children return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch television. This best illustrates an application of:

answer

operant conditioning.

question

Unconditional positive regard is a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which _____ believed to be conducive to developing self-awareness and self-acceptance.

answer

Carl Rogers

question

_____ is a therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli.

answer

Systematic desensitization

question

This perspective has emphasized people's inherent potential for self-fulfillment.

answer

Humanistic

question

Given a nonjudgmental, grace-filled environment that provides _____, people may accept their worst traits and feel valued and whole.

answer

unconditional positive regard

question

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates:

answer

exposure therapy.

question

It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy because:

answer

people often enter therapy in crisis, and these crises often pass without professional help.

question

There is a "civil war" currently underway regarding the effectiveness of psychotherapy. There are those who view psychotherapy as something that cannot be described in a manual or tested in an experiment. Then there are those who:

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support the use of scientific methods to determine which therapies are the most effective for various people and disorders.

question

_____ is the cultural belief that gives priority to personal desires and identity.

answer

Individualism

question

Many physicians did not realize that bleeding was an ineffective treatment for typhoid fever until researchers made effective use of a _____.

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control group

question

Zander has been struggling with personal issues and has decided to seek help at a mental health clinic. Unfortunately, he was put on a waiting list and told he would likely have to wait several weeks before he could meet with a therapist. According to Hans Eysenck's findings, what do you predict will happen to Zander?

answer

The chances are good that he will improve during this waiting period.

question

_____ therapy is empirically supported for treating sexual disorders.

answer

Behavioral conditioning

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_____ is the cultural belief that gives priority to others' expectations.

answer

Collectivism

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Delores has been in therapy for 2 years, but her last session is today. If you ask her next month how effective her psychotherapy was, she is likely to:

answer

overestimate its effectiveness.

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Evidence-based therapists make decisions about different therapies based on: a. the therapist's clinical expertise. b. the therapist's knowledge of their client. c. the evidence suggested by research. d. all of the reasons listed.

answer

question

Besides cultural differences _____ may also be an area of potential conflict.

answer

religion

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_____ therapy is empirically supported for treating depression.

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Cognitive

question

According to one study, good therapies share much in common, including:

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hope for demoralized people.

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Therapy is likely to be most effective when a client's problem is:

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clear-cut

question

Your therapist believes in using only empirically supported therapies for treating your depression. She will probably use:

answer

cognitive therapy.

question

According to one study, good therapies share much in common, including all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

evidence-based support.

question

According to studies cited in the textbook, hope for demoralized people, a new perspective, and an empathetic, trusting, caring relationship are what _____ therapies share in common.

answer

good

question

The double-blind technique is most likely to be used in evaluating the effectiveness of _____.

answer

drug therapies

question

With _____, patients receive repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain, which can be used to stimulate activity in various areas of the brain.

answer

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

question

Medications are not the only way to lift an individual's mood. What else can help decrease depression and/or reduce anxiety? a. All of the reasons listed can improve an individual's mood. b. cognitive-behavioral therapy c. exercise d. cognitive therapy

answer

question

After three sessions of ECT each week for 2 to 4 weeks, _____ percent or more people suffering from severe depression improve markedly.

answer

question

John is a 28-year-old male who suffers from bipolar disorder. He does not like lithium because of the side effects. His doctor prescribes this medication, originally used to treat epilepsy. This medication is:

answer

Depakote

question

Antipsychotic drugs are to _____ as a cork is to a _____.

answer

dopamine receptors; bottle

question

Blake's doctor told her that she should not drink alcohol while taking Xanax. This is because antianxiety agents such as Xanax:

answer

depress central nervous system activity.

question

Today, Ellen is going to the mental health clinic for a new treatment. During the procedure her brain will be exposed to repeated pulses of magnetic energy. This type of treatment is known as:

answer

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).

question

After 3 days of taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), Dennis is disappointed because he is not feeling any better. However, it generally may take up to _____ for this type of antidepressant to reach full effect.

answer

4 weeks

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AP Psychology Asking For Clarification Clinical Psychology Deep Brain Stimulation Introductory Psychology Psychology Three Times A Day

General Psychology Chapter 16 a, b, c – Flashcards 67 terms

Suzette Hendon

67 terms

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General Psychology Chapter 16 a, b, c – Flashcards

question

Two mental health reform pioneers are the American, Dorothea Dix, and the French doctor, _____.

answer

Philippe Pinel

question

The three main features that humanistic therapists hope to exhibit are _____, acceptance, and empathy.

answer

genuineness

question

According to the text, more than _____ million Americans belong to small religious, interest, or self-help groups that meet regularly.

answer

100

question

Interpersonal psychotherapy is a variation on psychodynamic therapy. It is different because:

answer

its goal is symptom relief in the here and now, and it focuses primarily on current relationships.

question

In an eating disorders clinic, the patients receive merits for good eating behaviors such as finishing their meal, not exercising after their meal, and for appropriate behaviors on the unit. This best illustrates an application of:

answer

the token economy.

question

In order to help people with their psychological disorders, this therapy develops an understanding of family and other social systems, explores roles, and improves communication.

answer

family

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During his weekly therapy sessions, Colin finds it very difficult to talk about childhood memories. He often pauses before mentioning embarrassing moments, or simply forgets important details. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

answer

resistance.

question

answer

humanistic

question

In general, for up to _____ minutes a week, the group therapist guides the interactions of a group of people as they engage issues and react to one another.

answer

question

During her weekly psychoanalytic therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly shift the focus of her attention and lose her train of thought. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates _____.

answer

resistance

question

To help Adam reduce his fear of dogs, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and imagine that he is walking toward a friendly and harmless little dog. The therapist's technique best illustrates _____.

answer

systematic desensitization

question

Some life problems require more support than others. For example, AIDS patients are _____ likely than hypertension patients to be in support groups.

answer

question

_____ psychotherapy is a variation on psychodynamic therapy. It is different because its goal is symptom relief in the here and now, and it focuses primarily on current relationships.

answer

Interpersonal

question

Chelsea's therapist uses active listening within an empathic environment. Her therapist is most likely using:

answer

client-centered therapy.

question

If one wants to listen more actively in one's own relationships, these three traits may help.

answer

paraphrase, invite clarification, and reflect feelings

question

He has offered stress-inoculation training that entails teaching people to restructure their thinking in stressful situations.

answer

Donald Meichenbaum

question

During a therapy session, Jenny focuses on several intrusive thoughts that have been bothering her. The therapist tells Jenny to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Jenny's therapist is using a technique known as:

answer

free association.

question

answer

exposure

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This therapy presumes the basis for psychological disorders is the result of stressful relationships.

answer

family

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Family therapists view the family as a:

answer

system

question

answer

exposure therapy.

question

Bob yells at this therapist, "You are impatient, a know-it-all, and you only care about yourself!" Most likely Bob is experiencing _____.

answer

transference

question

Therapies dealing with psychological disorders can be classified into two main categories. In the first, _____, a trained therapist uses psychological techniques to assist the client overcome difficulties, while _____ offers medication or other biological treatments.

answer

psychotherapy; biomedical therapy

question

_____ consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.

answer

Psychotherapy

question

When a patient in psychoanalysis begins to have feelings toward the therapist such as love or hatred, and those feelings are linked to other current or past relationships, the patient is experiencing _____.

answer

transference

question

Who emphasized the importance of transference in the therapeutic process?

answer

Sigmund Freud

question

A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be using a(n) _____ approach.

answer

eclectic

question

In 2012, Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) reported having more than _____ million members in 114,000 groups worldwide.

answer

question

According to the text, those NOT undergoing therapy for psychological disorders often improve, but those undergoing therapy:

answer

are more likely to improve more quickly, and with less risk of relapse.

question

In an experiment where Asian-American clients were matched with counselors who shared their cultural values, it was noted that the:

answer

Asian-American clients perceived more counselor empathy and felt a stronger alliance with the counselor.

question

Because she mistakenly believes the lucky charm she bought will help her lose weight, Mrs. Redding is feeling a considerable reduction in her appetite. This best illustrates:

answer

the placebo effect.

question

Which of the following alternative therapies has shown promise as an effective treatment?

answer

light exposure therapy

question

Leigh is a diligent clinician. In order to provide her clients with the best therapy she can provide she keeps up to date on the latest psychotherapy research. She also takes into consideration her patients' values, characteristics, preferences, and circumstances. Finally, she is also mindful of her own expertise. Leigh is using what approach in clinical decision making?

answer

evidence-based practice

question

As a parent, Wendy is skeptical of treatments that sound too good to be true. When she arrives at the psychologist's office, she asks about what is the empirically-supported treatment for bed-wetting because her 6-year-old son has been having difficulties. She learns that _____ is the empirically-supported treatment.

answer

behavior conditioning

question

Bonnie has just finished a two-year master program and now is in postgraduate supervision that is preparing her to offer psychotherapy to people with everyday personal and family problems. Bonnie is mostly likely preparing to be a:

answer

psychiatric social worker

question

Researchers randomly assign people on a waiting list to therapy or no therapy in _____ clinical trials.

answer

randomized

question

Barry's good friend has been dealing with severe anxiety for the last few months. However, he is reluctant to see a therapist because he is hoping that his anxious feelings will eventually go away. What can Barry say that might convince him that seeing a therapist would be beneficial?

answer

Those undergoing therapy are more likely to improve more quickly, and with less risk of relapse.

question

The placebo effect best illustrates the importance of _____ processes in therapeutic outcomes.

answer

cognitive

question

When making a decision on which therapy to use, the American Psychological Association (APA) advocates that clinicians consider all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

therapeutic trends.

question

Which of the following is effective in the treatment of seasonal affective disorder (SAD)?

answer

light exposure therapy

question

Yvonne works for a government agency where she treats those who have psychological disorders. In order to do this, she has a Psy.D. When she was younger, she also had a supervised internship and postdoctoral training. Yvonne is most likely a:

answer

clinical psychiatrist.

question

This therapy is empirically supported for treating bed-wetting.

answer

behavioral conditioning

question

Lindsey is a physician who specializes in the treatment of psychological disorders. She is an M.D. and can prescribe medication. Lindsey is most likely a:

answer

psychiatrist.

question

Tardive dyskinesia is associated with the long-term use of which type of drugs?

answer

antipsychotic

question

Patients receive a general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to:

answer

ECT.

question

These drugs are used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder.

answer

antipsychotic drugs

question

Unlike _____, which may cause seizures and memory loss, _____ has no side effects other than maybe a headache.

answer

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT); repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

question

Like alcohol, anti-anxiety drugs work by:

answer

depressing CNS activity.

question

If Roxanne, who suffers from episodic depression, wants to have the best long-term improvement, which lifestyle change would be the LEAST effective?

answer

aromatherapy

question

Although not more effective in controlling schizophrenia symptoms, many of the newer-generation antipsychotics, such as Risperdal and _____, have fewer side effects.

answer

Zyprexa

question

Shane is mildly depressed. Which form of treatment is likely to have the greatest positive effect?

answer

therapeutic lifestyle change

question

_____ is a type of treatment whose primary goal is to physically change the brain's functioning.

answer

Biomedical therapy

question

This medication was originally used to treat epilepsy and is also found effective in the control of manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder.

answer

Depakote

question

This is the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.

answer

psychopharmacology

question

The full psychological effect of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) takes about:

answer

4 weeks

question

Sharif has mild depression. Recently he read that research has shown that something as simple as frequent _____ can relieve symptoms.

answer

walks in the woods

question

One of the biggest benefits of lithium is _____.

answer

reducing suicide risk

question

Which of the following drugs is MOST likely to provide patients with schizophrenia with some relief from their auditory hallucinations and paranoia?

answer

Thorazine

question

Mood-stabilizing drugs work more by _____ than _____.

answer

reducing mania; reducing depression

question

Which of the following is an antianxiety agent?

answer

Xanax

question

A patient recently admitted to the hospital is complaining of auditory hallucinations. She might be treated with:

answer

Thorazine.

question

In a study using _____, half of the patients receive a drug and the other half receives a similar-appearing placebo. Neither the patients in the study nor the staff administering the treatment know who gets which treatment.

answer

a double-blind technique

question

If a person routinely takes antianxiety medication for an extended period of time, what is the MOST debilitating symptom likely experienced if the person stops taking the drug?

answer

intense anxiety

question

Gerald suffers from bipolar disorder. He is likely to be prescribed ___ to combat mania.

answer

lithium

question

A patient who experiences bipolar disorder may be hesitant to try a mood stabilizer because the:

answer

drug mechanism is unknown.

question

Agnes is a graduate student in psychology who suffers from depression. She has been on antidepressants for years with marginal effect. Instead of taking additional medication or undergoing brain stimulation, her therapist recently encouraged her to review Stephen Ilardi's research on therapeutic lifestyle change. Agnes noticed that those who went through the 12-week training program performed all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

avoiding omega-3 fatty acids.

question

After three days of taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), Dennis is disappointed because he is not feeling any better. However, it generally may take up to _____ week(s) for this type of antidepressant to reach full effect.

answer

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Asking For Clarification Clinical Psychology Counseling Psychology Psychology Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

psych ch 14 – Flashcards 45 terms

Paula Corcoran

45 terms

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psych ch 14 – Flashcards

question

In the late 1700's, _____ began reforming the conditions in asylums to make them more humane.

answer

Philippe Pinel

question

Malika sees her therapist every other week. When she is at her therapist's office, she feels accepted and can share anything. While her therapist listens to what Malika has to say without judgment, he also seeks understanding by paraphrasing as well as asking for clarification. Malika's therapist is practicing:

answer

person-centered therapy.

question

answer

exposure

question

In an eating disorders clinic, the patients receive merits for appropriate behaviors on the unit and for good eating behaviors such as finishing their meals. This BEST illustrates an application of:

answer

a token economy

question

Marcel receives an 87 on the second midterm in his calculus course—the first time he has ever received anything less than an A in any course. Marcel now believes he will never succeed in math courses. Marcel is demonstrating:

answer

overgeneralization

question

Which term in Ellis' A-B-C model is correctly illustrated with an example?

answer

Activating condition - a midterm test is scheduled for next week

question

Improving conflict management and communication skills is one of the main objectives of:

answer

couples therapy

question

Which is NOT a type of medication used to treat psychological disorders?

answer

anticompulsives

question

What makes psychotherapy effective?

answer

the working alliance with the therapist

question

Boring, chipping, or bashing holes into a patient's head Presumed purpose was to relieve pressure or rid the person of evil spirits

answer

Trephination

question

Study of demons and people beset by spirits People were possessed, and they needed an exorcism to be cured

answer

Demonology

question

16th Century: Special places created by religious groups to house and treat people with psychological disorders. Late 1700s: Pinel began reformation of system; advocated for moral treatment, kindness, and respect.

answer

Asylums

question

Mass movement of patients with psychological disorders out of mental institutions, and the attempt to reintegrate them into the community

answer

Deinstitutionalized

question

In spite of the deinstitutionalization movement, psychiatric hospitals and institutions continue to play an important role in the treatment of psychological disorders.

answer

Psychiatric hospitals and institutions

question

Any psychological technique used to facilitate positive changes in personality, behavior, or adjustment

answer

Psychotherapy

question

Goal is for clients to gain deeper understanding of their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors

answer

Insight

question

Goal to bring about direct changes in troublesome thoughts, habits, feelings, or behavior without seeking insight into their origins or meanings

answer

Action

question

Improvement of a psychological condition due to time passing without therapy

answer

Spontaneous remission

question

Therapies that have strong research support

answer

Empirically supported therapies

question

Dreams are the pathways to unconscious awareness. Latent content Manifest content

answer

Freud and dreams

question

Saying whatever comes to mind, regardless of what it sounds like

answer

Free association

question

Topics the client resists thinking about or discussing Reveals particularly important unconscious conflicts

answer

Resistance

question

Tendency to transfer feelings to a therapist that match those the patient has for important people in his or her past The patient might act like the therapist is a rejecting father, loving mother, etc.

answer

Transference

question

Emphasized positive nature of humankind and concentrates on present and current problems Recognized humans have basic biological needs for food and sex and a desire to form close relationships, treat others with warmth, and mature as individuals

answer

Rogers

question

Natural tendency toward self-actualization but family and social may hinder growth and can incongruence between ideal self and real self Main treatment goal is reduction of incongruence between these selves.

answer

Person-centered therapy

question

Links problem behaviors to unpleasant physical reactions Goal to make people have involuntary unpleasant physical reaction to undesired behavior

answer

Aversion therapy

question

Draws on principles of operant conditioning, shaping behavior through reinforcement Uses positive and negative reinforcement and punishment or observational learning to increase adaptive behaviors and reduce those that are maladaptive

answer

behavior modification

question

Responses that are followed by reinforcement tend to occur more frequently

answer

Positive reinforcement

question

A response that is not followed by reinforcement will occur less frequently. If a response is not followed by reward after it has been repeated many times, it will extinguish entirely

answer

non reinforcement and extinction

question

Rewarding actions that are closer and closer approximations to a desired response

answer

shaping

question

Controlling responses in the situation in which they occur

answer

stimulus control

question

Removing individual from a situation in which reinforcement occurs

answer

time out

question

Positive reinforcement used to encourage good behavior. Tokens exchanged for candy, outings, privileges, and other perks. Typically used in institutions such as schools or mental health facilities

answer

token economy

question

The father of cognitive therapy, Aaron Beck, believes that distorted thought processes lie at the heart of psychological problems.

answer

becks cognitive therapy

question

Perceiving only certain stimuli in a larger array of possibilities

answer

selective perception

question

Blowing a single event out of proportion by extending it to a large number of unrelated situations

answer

overgeneralization

question

Seeing objects and events as absolutely right or wrong, good or bad, etc.

answer

all or nothing thinking

question

Attempts to change irrational beliefs that cause emotional problems

answer

REBT

question

Activating Experience, which person presumes to be the cause of "C"

answer

question

Person's irrational and unrealistic beliefs

answer

question

Emotional consequences

answer

question

Overlap in Ellis and Beck approaches Both are: Short-term Action-oriented Homework intensive

answer

Appraisal with cognitive therapy

question

Three basic biological approaches underlying psychological disorders Use of drugs or psychotropic medications Use of electroconvulsive therapy Use of surgery

answer

Biomedical therapy

question

Scientific study of how these medications alter perceptions, moods, behaviors, and other aspects of psychological functioning

answer

Psychopharmology

question

Which approach to psychological therapy is correctly defined?

answer

humanistic therapy - emphasizes positive growth

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AP Psychology Asking For Clarification Counseling Psychology Psychology

Module 54 – Flashcard 76 terms

Marguerite Castillo

76 terms

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Module 54 – Flashcard

question

A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be using a(n) _____ approach.

answer

eclectic

question

The psychoanalytic and humanistic therapies are often referred to as _____ therapies.

answer

insight

question

Who developed the therapy that teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting, which is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and emotional reactions?

answer

Aaron Beck

question

Interpersonal therapy is a variation of psychodynamic therapy and typically involves _____ sessions.

answer

12-16

question

Reinforcing desired behaviors, and withholding reinforcement for undesired behaviors is known as:

answer

behavior modification.

question

This is a widely practiced integrative therapy which aims not only to alter the way people think, but also to alter the way they act.

answer

cognitive-behavioral therapy

question

Two mental health reform pioneers are the American, Dorothea Dix, and the French doctor, _____.

answer

Philippe Pinel

question

This therapy progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.

answer

virtual reality exposure therapy

question

While _____ focused on revealing the absurdity of people's self-defeating ideas through a more confrontational approach, _____ sought to reverse catastrophizing beliefs people have about themselves through the use of gentle questioning.

answer

Albert Ellis; Aaron Beck

question

Interpersonal psychotherapy is a variation on psychodynamic therapy. It is different because:

answer

its goal is symptom relief in the here and now, and it focuses primarily on current relationships.

question

The three main features that humanistic therapists hope to exhibit are:

answer

genuineness, acceptance, and empathy.

question

He was originally trained in psychoanalytic techniques but invented his own therapy to try to reverse clients' catastrophizing beliefs about themselves.

answer

Aaron Beck

question

Psychological and biological therapies differ in their _____.

answer

focus in treatment

question

These therapists have attempted to reduce the inner conflicts that are impeding natural developmental growth by providing clients with new insights.

answer

humanistic

question

Aaron Beck's therapy teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting. It is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions, and is called:

answer

cognitive therapy.

question

At his weekly therapy session, Henry became agitated at his therapist, saying that she was controlling, domineering, and trying to ruin his life with all of her mothering. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates _____.

answer

transference

question

Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of:

answer

enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted.

question

In general, for up to _____ minutes a week, the group therapist guides the interactions of a group of people as they engage issues and react to one another.

answer

question

Sam suffers from schizophrenia, known to be a brain-based disorder. Because of this, he should choose _____ therapy.

answer

a combination of biomedical and psychological

question

This form of treatment associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

answer

aversive conditioning

question

He has offered stress-inoculation training that entails teaching people to restructure their thinking in stressful situations.

answer

Donald Meichenbaum

question

Psychodynamic therapy is based on the premise that:

answer

people unconsciously avoid issues that are painful.

question

This perspective has emphasized people's inherent potential for self-fulfillment.

answer

humanistic

question

These disorders share the common problem of emotion regulation.

answer

anxiety and mood disorders

question

The introduction of therapeutic drugs and community-based treatment programs in the _____ helped to empty large mental hospitals as well as mark an era of improved treatments.

answer

1950s

question

The psychoanalytic and humanistic therapies are often referred to as _____ therapies.

answer

insight

question

According to the text, one analysis of online support groups and more than _____ self-help groups reports that most support groups focus on stigmatized or hard-to-discuss illnesses.

answer

14,000

question

A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be using a(n) _____ approach.

answer

eclectic

question

This is a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors.

answer

counterconditioning

question

This therapy seeks to make people aware of their irrational negative thinking and to replace it with new ways of thinking.

answer

cognitive-behavioral therapy

question

The introduction of therapeutic drugs and community-based treatment programs in the decade of the _____ helped to empty large mental hospitals as well as mark an era of improved treatments.

answer

1950s

question

The three main features that humanistic therapists hope to exhibit are genuineness, _____, and empathy.

answer

acceptance

question

The oldest of support groups, _____, reported having more than 2 million members in 114,000 groups worldwide in 2012.

answer

question

Who emphasized the importance of transference in the therapeutic process?

answer

Sigmund Freud

question

Humanistic therapists focus on _____ thoughts.

answer

Conscious

question

_____ is the therapeutic technique intended to help patients gain insight into repressed impulses and conflicts.

answer

Interpretation

question

When patients in psychoanalysis begins to have feelings toward their therapist such as love or hatred, and those feelings are linked to other relationships they have had or have, they are experiencing:

answer

transference.

question

This therapy assumes that no person is an island, and that people live and grow in relation to others, especially their families.

answer

family therapy

question

Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Sanchez remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Sanchez's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for his inability to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is most representative of _____ therapy.

answer

cognitive

question

When a patient in psychoanalysis blocks anxiety-laden material from their consciousness he or she is experiencing _____.

answer

resistance

question

This is a caring, accepting, and nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed to be conducive to developing self-awareness and self-acceptance.

answer

unconditional positive regard

question

Sherry recognizes that depressed people do not exhibit the same self-serving bias common in non-depressed people. She is MOST likely a:

answer

cognitive therapist.

question

Patrick suffers from depression. Whenever something bad happens, he tends to blame himself or overgeneralizes the extent of the situation. To address Patrick's depression, his therapist is attempting to teach him more adaptive ways of thinking. The therapist's approach is MOST representative of:

answer

cognitive therapy.

question

_____ applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.

answer

Behavior therapy

question

Aaron is undergoing Army basic training. He is being taught to reduce incapacitating anxiety by saying things to himself that enhance a sense of control during anxiety-producing situations. This best illustrates _____.

answer

stress inoculation training

question

Glenn suffers from depression. He frequently thinks of situations as overwhelmingly bad, with no hope of future improvement. Glenn would most benefit from _____ therapy.

answer

Aaron Beck's cognitive

question

This is a form of empathetic listening.

answer

active

question

Classical psychoanalysts are especially interested in interpreting the meaning of clients' _____ to therapeutic procedures.

answer

resistance

question

The following are examples of how humanistic therapists differ from psychoanalytic therapists EXCEPT humanistic therapists:

answer

attempt to reduce growth-impeding inner conflicts by providing clients with insight.

question

Mark suffers from a great deal of irrational thoughts that affect his social life. He would benefit MOST from ______therapy.

answer

cognitive-behavioral

question

Except for traditional _____, most therapies may also occur in small groups.

answer

psychoanalysis

question

_____ is the process of prescribing medication or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology.

answer

Biomedical therapy

question

If one wants to listen more actively in one's own relationships, these three traits may help.

answer

paraphrase, invite clarification, and reflect feelings

question

answer

free association.

question

Nadine has decided to seek help for some problems she is having. She knows a little about different therapies and has decided she does not want to get involved in anything long-term. However, she does want to gain insight into the roots of her difficulties and is drawn to psychodynamic therapy. If Nadine wants to gain insight into current issues, rather than delve into the past, she should try to find a therapist who specializes in _____ psychotherapy.

answer

interpersonal

question

Family therapists view the family as a

answer

system.

question

Mary's therapist refers to her as a client. Mary's therapist has a _____ perspective.

answer

humanistic

question

Humanistic therapists focus on _____ thoughts.

answer

consciuos

question

_____ can be described as the use of psychological techniques to increase understanding and treat emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems.

answer

Psychotherapy

question

The treatment of depression with ECT and antidepressant drugs best illustrates

answer

biomedical therapy.

question

Dr. Hernandez is a clinical psychologist who uses a variety of psychotherapies with his patients depending on their disorder. Dr. Hernandez's approach would be best described as:

answer

eclectic.

question

During her weekly therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly shift the focus of her attention and lose her train of thought. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

answer

resistance.

question

Psychoanalysts are especially interested in:

answer

interpreting the meaning of clients' resistance to therapeutic procedures.

question

_____ in psychoanalysis is the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.

answer

Interpretation

question

Who emphasized the importance of active listening in the process of psychotherapy?

answer

Carl Rogers

question

According to Carl Rogers, the client-centered therapist ideally should demonstrate:

answer

genuineness, unconditional positive regard, and empathic understanding.

question

Client-centered therapists are most likely to:

answer

restate and clarify what clients say during the course of therapy.

question

Systematic desensitization is a form of:

answer

exposure therapy.

question

In a residential treatment facility for troubled youth, adolescent children receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The adolescents return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch TV. This best illustrates an application of:

answer

operant conditioning.

question

O. H. Mowrer trained children to discontinue bed-wetting by arranging for an alarm to sound each time they wet their beds. This technique best illustrates a therapeutic application of:

answer

classical conditioning.

question

Aaron Beck's therapy teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting, and is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions. This therapy is called:

answer

cognitive therapy

question

Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Sanchez remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Sanchez's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for having been unable to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is most representative of:

answer

cognitive therapy.

question

Persuading depressed patients to reverse their catastrophizing beliefs about themselves and their futures is most characteristic of:

answer

Beck's cognitive therapy.

question

To help Mrs. Otsuki lose weight, her therapist first attempted to assess whether her weight loss might be personally threatening to her husband. The therapist's concern is most characteristic of a ______ therapist.

answer

family

question

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of group therapy over individual therapy?

answer

The client can establish a deeply personal, intimate relationship with the therapist.

question

Many self-help groups have emulated the use of ________ by Alcoholics Anonymous.

answer

a 12-step program

STUDY

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Asking For Clarification Medical/Clerical Assisting Nursing Nursing-LPN Pediatrics School Age Child School Age Children

PN nursing care of children – Flashcards 40 terms

Ruth Jones

40 terms

Preview

PN nursing care of children – Flashcards

question

A nurse is preparing to administer an immunization to a preschool aged child. which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take?

answer

Have the parent hold the child during and immediately after the injection

question

A nurse is collecting data from a 6 month old infant in the well child clinic. which of the following observations should concern the nurse?

answer

Legs stay crossed at the knees.

question

A four year old female is having frequent infections (UTI). To prevent further recurrence, the nurse should instruct the child's parents to

answer

Teach the child to wipe from front to back after urinating.

question

A nurse is caring for a child who has a diagnosis of WIlm's tumor. which of the following nursing interventions should take priority?

answer

Placing a sign over the bed that says "Do not palpate the abdomen"

question

A nurse is caring for a 12 month old child. which of the following observations should the nurse expect to make if the child's growth and development are appropriate for the child's age? (select all that apply)

answer

-Is afraid of strangers -has a well developed pincer grasp -weighs approximately three times the birth weight -has six deciduous teeth.

question

A nurse is caring for a 2 year old client who was admitted to for laryngotracheobronchitis. The client is placed in a crib with a cool moist tent. which of the following toys would be most suitable for the client at this time?

answer

A plastic fire engine

question

A nurse is caring for an infant with otitis media. following teaching by the RN on the measures to prevent reoccurence, the nurse should recognize that the teaching has been effective when the parent state which of the following?

answer

" i will make sure my baby is sitting upright when drinking a bottle"

question

A nurse is caring for a child with a periorbital cellulitis who has a rectal temp of 102.2 ^F. The child has an order for acetaminophen (tylenol) 280 mg PO. The label on the bottle reads 160 mg/5ml. how many ML should the nurse dispense to the child?

answer

8.8 ML

question

A nurse is caring for a school-aged child with neuroblastoma who has become anorexic and has periods of nausea after receiving chemotherapy. which of the following would be the best intervention?

answer

allow the client to eat whatever the client wants,a at any time.

question

a nurse is assisting in the care of a child who is experiencing thrombocytopenia as a side effect of chemotherapy. which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care?

answer

Injury or trauma

question

A nurse i s caring for a 4 year old who has been admitted to the hospital. the nurse should include providing the child with which of the following ?

answer

Plastic stethoscope

question

A nurse is preparing a 3 year old for a lumbar puncture. In preparing the child for this procedure, which of the following strategies should the nurse plan to use?

answer

Describing the sensory aspects of the procedure

question

A nurse is caring for a child who has been diagnosed with autism. which of the following goals should the nurse prioritize as a primary importance in the care of the child? the child will

answer

Be protected from self injury.

question

A nurse is assisting in the care of a 6 year old child with retinoblastoma who has neutropenia. In planning the child's care, the appropriate nursing action is to do which of the following?

answer

Maintain protective isolation and monitor for fever.

question

A nurse is caring for a child with celiac disease. WHich of the following nursing observations is consistent with celiac disease?

answer

Foul smelling stool

question

A nurse is caring for a adolescent client with a fiberglass cast. Which of the following should the nurse reinforce to the client to prevent damage to the cast?

answer

Place plastic over the cast while bathing

question

A nurse is caring for an adolescent client with a fiberglass cast. which of the following should the nurse reinforce to the client to prevent damage to the cast?

answer

Place plastic over the cast while bathing.

question

A nurse is caring for a 9 month old infant. which of the following would be unsafe for the nurse to give the infant?

answer

Raisins

question

A nurse is caring for a child who has had a tonsilectomy for recurrent strep throat infections. which of the following findings should the nurse give the most attention to 8 hr after surgery?

answer

Frequent swallowing

question

A nurse is caring for a 4 year old child whose parent expresses concern over the child's stuttering. which of the following responses by the nurse would be least helpful in helping the parent understand the development?

answer

"it may help if you encourage your child to stop, an begin the word over."

question

A nurse should evaluate a dehydrated infant's response to parental therapy by doing which of the following?

answer

Weighing the child at the same time every day

question

A nurse on a hospital pediatric unit is caring for a toddler. Which of the following is the best nursing action to prevent accidental poisoning of a toddler?

answer

Put all cleaning supplies in a locked cabinet

question

A nurse is caring for a client who is schedueld for surgery. the parent asks the nurse for advice on how to prepare the child for hospitalization. the nurse suggests the parent do which of the following

answer

read books to the child about hospitalization

question

A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parent of a toddler. regarding accidental ingestion of a poison, the nurse should instruct the parent to first fo which of the following?

answer

call the poison control center

question

A nurse is caring for a child who is receiving prednisonse (deltasone) for nephrotic syndrome. the nurse should confirm the effectiveness of the prednisone therapy when the child exhibits which of the following?

answer

weight drops 500 G

question

A nurse is preparing a 6 year old child for surgery. which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as the most important report to the surgeon?

answer

A loose lower front tooth

question

A nurse is caring for a 3 year old with a serum lead level of 15 g/dl. which of the following dietary modifications should the clinic nurse understand will help prevent development of lead poisoning?

answer

"make sure your child drinks milk"

question

A nurse is caringfor a child wiht cystic fibrosis. to meet the goal of adequate nutritional intake for a child with cystic fibrosis the nurse should include which of the following implementations in the clients care?

answer

Increase protein intake

question

A nurse is caring for a child who has been placed in skeletal traction. according to erikson's theory, which of the following nursing actions will meet the developmental needs of an 8 year old client in skeletal tractions?

answer

have the hospital tutor visit daily to assist the client with homework

question

A nurse is caring for a hospitalized 3 year old child who had been completely toilet trained prior to admission but is now having some accidents. when the nurse wakes the child up after a nap, the child's bed is soaking wet. the appropriate response by the nurse at this time should be which of the following?

answer

"lets go get you cleaned up so you can go to the playroom

question

A nurse is caring for a newborn with a surgical repair of a myelomeningocele. the nurse should be aware that the postoperatively child is most prone to developing which of the following?

answer

hydrocephalus

question

A nurse is caring for a 3 year old child who has been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. the child is apprehensive about the injections. the nurse should know that the appropriate way to reinforce teaching is to use which of the following?

answer

doll and a syringe no needle

question

A nurse is caring for a toddler with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The nurse carefully checks out the child's mouth. which of the following common manifestations of opportunistic infection should the nurse expect to find?

answer

Candidiasis

question

A nurse is caring for a child who has reactive airway disease (Asthma) immediately after the child receives an albuterol treatment. The nurse should evaluate that the treatment was effective when the observations reveal an increase in which of the following?

answer

oxygen saturation

question

A nurse is caring for a 3 year old on the second postoperative day following revision of a malfunctioning venticulo peritoneal shunt. which of the following methods would be the most accurate way for the nurse to determine if the child is having pain?

answer

utilize a pain rating scale such as the FACES scale with the child.

question

A nurse is caring for a 6 month old infant who is one day postoperative after receiving a colostomy. when the nurse positions the infant on its side, the infant stiffens and begins to cry. the inital nursing action is to do which of the following?

answer

check when the last pain medication was given to see if able to give it now.

question

A nurse is preparing to administer an immunization to a 2 month old infant. the nurse should recognize that the preffered site for administration is which of the following?

answer

vastus lateralis

question

A 6 week old infant is admitted to the pediatric acute care untit following a pyloromyotomy for stenosis. the nurse admitting the child should anticipate the feeding schedule in the postoperative period will be which of the following?

answer

Small, frequent bottle feedings

question

A nurse is caring for a child who has been diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. which of the following interventions should the nurse stress to the childs family?

answer

increase fluid intake

question

A nurse is caring for a child in the pediatric unit. Medications are dispensed according to weight and all clients are weighed in kilograms on admission. a client weighing 1,800 g is admitted. the mother asks what the clients weight would be in pounds. the nurse should respond with which of the following?

answer

3.9lb

STUDY

Asking For Clarification English Language Arts English Language Learners English Speaking Countries Higher Level Thinking Standard American English

EL 316: chapters 6, 7, 8, and 9 – Flashcards 81 terms

Jose Escobar

81 terms

Preview

EL 316: chapters 6, 7, 8, and 9 – Flashcards

question

Which of the following is an elaboration of the meaning of the word invention? A. Learning the correct pronunciation B. Saying invention and its meaning so as to not forget it. C. Carefully noting the spelling of invention. D. Judging the importance of several inventions.

answer

D. Judging the importance of several inventions.

question

Bt the end of grade 2, the average student knows approximately ____ root words, though the range for students from the lowest to the highest quartile at the stage can be from ___ to ___ root words. A. 6,000; 4,000 to 8,000 B. 3,000; 1,500 to 4,500 C. 9,000; 8,000 to 10,000 D. 12,000; 10,000 to 14,000

answer

A. 6,000; 4,000 to 8,000

question

Students often figure out a new word based on its more familiar root word, or encounter a word that is in their listening vocabulary but not in their reading vocabulary. They look for a part of the word they know, or they to think of a familiar word that is like the unknown word. What concept does this involve? A. Homophones B. Morphemic analysis C. Contextual clues D. Dictionary use

answer

B. Morphemic analysis

question

It is estimated that the average young reader is able to use ___ successfully only 5 to 20 percent of the time, because even when the text's clues are fairly obvious, students fail to notice them. A. Syllabic analysis B. Morphemic analysis C. Dictionary analysis D. Contextual analysis

answer

D. Contextual analysis

question

For word recognition, what should be used as a last resort? A. Phonics analysis B. Structural analysis C. Morphemic analysis D. Dictionary usage

answer

D. Dictionary usage

question

Which of the following word learning tasks would be the hardest? A. Refining an earlier understanding of known words B. Learning new words representing new concepts C. Learning pronunciation of words recognized in print D. Finding new meanings for known words

answer

B. Learning new words representing new concepts

question

Learning that in British English, a biscuit is the same as a cookie, would be an example of A. Learning a new concept B. Categorizing concepts C. Learning a label D. Expanding a concept

answer

C. Learning a label.

question

Which is most helpful in learning he meaning of a new word? A. Hearing the word pronounced B. Learning synonyms C. Hearing the word Explained in context D. Seeing the word on a flash card.

answer

C. Hearing the word explained in context.

question

What must happen for vocabulary study to have an impact upon comprehension? A. All the new words in the study must be introduced, preferably with a list at the beginning of the piece. B. Unfamiliar words must be identified, labeled, and connected to backgrounds or relationships. C. The selection must be read multiple times after the new words are introduced to avoid loss of comprehension. D. The selection must be simple, brief, and composed with one-syllable words.

answer

B. Unfamiliar words must be identified, labeled, and connected to backgrounds or relationships.

question

Which of the following is a tier 2 word? A. Looked B. Peered C. Refracted D. Saw

answer

B. Peered

question

Which of the following graphic organizers works best when two or three subjects are being compared, and similar traits Re being identified? A. Semantic map B. Pictorial map C. Venn diagram D. Labeled diagram

answer

C. Venn diagram

question

The most effective approach for learning, new words, one that requires little planning or effort, is through A. Wide reading B. Vocabulary worksheets C. Graphic organizers D. Memorization of word lists

answer

A. Wide reading

question

One of the most powerful word-attack skills is morphemic analysis, which is primarily concerned with A. Sight B. Meaning C. Spelling D. Sound

answer

B. Meaning

question

Which technique is especially designed for students having difficulty with inferences? A. Monitoring B. Imaging C. Reciprocal teaching D. QAR

answer

D. QAR

question

Juan has played soccer but has never played football. Football was not a popular sport where he grew up. Juan, who generally has little difficulty comprehending selections, is unable to answer most of the questions about a boy who leads his team to the state football championship. What seems to be the main source of Juan's difficulty? A. Juan has limited background knowledge for understanding the story B. Juan focuses on pronouncing the words correctly and so fails to read for meaning C. Juan has little interest in the story because he cannot identify with the main character D. Juan lacks adequate comprehension strategies.

answer

A. Juan has limited background knowledge for understanding the story

question

Rereading, slow reading, and pausing during a confusing paragraph are examples of A. Regulating B. Checking C. Summarizing D. Repairing

answer

D. Repairing

question

Reciprocal teaching includes the following A. Evaluating, confirming, imaging, comprehending B. Visualizing, setting goals, repairing, answering C. Inferring, confirming, repairing D. Predicting, questioning, clarifying, summarizing

answer

D. Predicting, questioning, clarifying, summarizing

question

Which of the following methods focuses on content rather than strategy, occurs during reading rather than after reading, and uses a series of queries and moves? A. ReQuest B. QAR C. Reciprocal teaching D. QTA

answer

D. QTA

question

The most important factor in comprehension is A. Clarity of the selection B. Quality of questions asked about the selection C. Reader's background knowledge about the topic of the selection D. Length and word count of the selection

answer

C. Reader's background knowledge about the topic of the selection

question

Which of the following is an organizational strategy? A. Setting purposes B. Creating images C. Constructing the main idea D. Making predictions.

answer

C. Constructing the main idea

question

According to research, the most effective organizational strategy for comprehension is A. Summarizing B. Comprehending the main idea C. Selecting or constructing the main idea D. Determine the importance of information

answer

A. Summarizing

question

Which of the following is a preparational strategy? A. Activating prior knowledge B. Noting relevant details C. Seeking main ideas D. Summarizing key ideas

answer

A. Activating prior knowledge

question

Duel coding refers to the process of A. Translating from second language to one's first language B. Putting text information into one's own words C. Both saying and writing answers D. Mentally representing a text in both words and images

answer

D. Mentally representing a text in both words and images

question

Which elaboration strategy works with concrete ideas as students learn to picture concepts in their minds? A. Making inferences B. QAR C. Imaging D. Macro-cloze

answer

C. Imaging

question

Most children first learn how to develop a scheme for stories through A. Writing stories B. Discussing the major elements of stories C. Reading stories D. Listening to stories

answer

D. Listening to stories

question

The major differences between a guided reading lesson and a directed reading- thinking activity is in A. The type and length of the selection read B. The person deciding on the reading purpose C. The time spent in reading D. The balance of oral and silent reading

answer

A. The type and length of the selection read

question

Which of the following techniques is best at getting students to use context and read for meaning on a sentence-by-sentence basis? A. Directed reading-thinking activity B. Guided reading C. Cloze D.KWL

answer

C. Cloze

question

What is the main reason the Internet demands critical thinking skills? A. It uses sophisticated graphics, elaborate designs, and complex layouts B. It demands sophisticated skills in order to search for information and navigate through databases. C. It offers massive amounts of information, but much of it is not checked by anyone D. It provides access to great amounts of information from all over the world

answer

C. It offers massive amounts of information, but much of it is not checked by anyone.

question

Which of the following signal words or phrases would likely indicate a comparison-contrast text structure? A. Since;because B. For example;for instance C. But;however D. Next;finally

answer

C. But;however

question

According to the text's taxonomy of types of questions, which of the following levels requires making connections between the text and prior knowledge? A. Comprehending B. Monitoring C. Elaborating D. Organizing

answer

C. Elaborating

question

Which questions are best for helping students activate schema and read with a purpose in mind? A. Questions asked at key stopping points during the reading of a selection B. Questions asked after a selection has been read C. Questions asked after each page has been read D. Questions asked before a selection is read

answer

D. Questions asked before a selection is read

question

Which of the following is most likely to result in longer and more elaborate responses, higher level of though processes, and fewer no-responses and I-don't-knows? A. Wait time B. Varied questions C. Assisted questions D. Taxonomy of questions

answer

A. Wait time

question

Which questioning procedures involves moving carefully from level to level to prompt for higher-level thinking processes? A. FELS B. Responsive elaboration C. Accountable talk D. Retelling

answer

A. FELS

question

Responsive elaboration mainly attempts to A. Expand on students' organization skills B. Redirect students' reasoning C. Improve students' recall skills D. Expand on students' vocabularies

answer

B. Redirect students' reasoning

question

Which of the following questions would be best at developing a deeper conceptual understanding of the topic of rivers? A. Where does the Nile river start and end? B. What is the largest river in the United States? C. How are rivers formed? D. How is a river similar to but different from a lake?

answer

D. How is a river similar to but different from a lake?

question

Which technique is especially helpful for students who have little background to bring to a selection? A. Guided reading lesson B. DR-TA C. KWL d. Responsive elaboration

answer

A. Guided reading lesson

question

Which elaboration strategy works with concrete ideas as students learn to picture concepts in their mind? A. QAR B. Making inferences C. Imaging D. Macro-cloze

answer

C. Imaging

question

What sets content-area reading apart from other kinds of reading? A. Students must learn how to follow a strong narrative content B. Students learn new concepts in a content area and then apply this knowledge C. Students must read for longer periods of time D. Students encounter many more difficult words

answer

B. Students learn new concepts in a content area and then apply this knowledge

question

Which of the following is the most throughly documented and widely used study technique in English-speaking countries, because it fosters both understanding and long-term retention of material being read independently A. KWL B. SQ3R C. Graphic organizers D, structured overview

answer

B. SQ3R

question

What is test-enhanced learning? A. Setting a goal or getting a high mark on a test B. Testing oneself C. Preparing for s test by spending extra time studying D. Joining a study group to prepare for a test

answer

B. Testing oneself

question

Metacognitin is an important part of study skills instruction primarily because it A. Helps students decide how and when to study B. Is motivational C. Teaches specific word-attack and vocabulary building skills D. Provides students with needed teacher guidenc

answer

A. Helps students decide how and when to study

question

Students learn most of their content-area concepts through A. Taking part in demonstrations and other hands on activities B. Reading and discussing their textbooks C. Participating in simulations D. Hearing lectures on essential topics.

answer

B. Reading and discussing their textbooks.

question

Which prereading technique would be most helpful when trying to get students to think about a controversial topic? A. Anticipation guide B. Predicting C. Directed reading-thinking activity D. Survey technique

answer

A. Anticipation guide

question

Which technique was specifically designed to help teachers model comprehension processes? A. Survey technique B. Think-aloud C. Anticipation guide D. Structured overview

answer

B. Think-aloud

question

Which of the following would provide the most help for struggling readers and English Language Learners? A. Summarizing strategy guide B. Cause-effect guide C. Pattern guide D. Gloss

answer

D. Gloss

question

What is the main idea of thinking maps? A. They help students organize their thoughts B. They are motivation C. They are widely used at all levels D. They are easy to create and easy to learn

answer

A. They help students organize their thoughts

question

Which of the following writing activities would best foster understanding and retention? A. Taking notes on Jefferson and Hamilton's concepts of governments B. Listing words involved in Jefferson's and Hamilton's concepts of government C. Comparing Jefferson's and Hamilton's concepts of government D. Copying Jefferson's and Hamilton's concepts of government

answer

Comparing Jefferson's and Hamilton's concepts of government

question

Which of the following is an example of sheltered English? A. Using visuals and hands-on activities to foster understanding of concepts B. Limited number of concepts taught C. Requiring the use of English D. Focusing in textbooks and standardized tests in studying the English language

answer

A. Using visuals and hands-on activities to foster understanding of concepts

question

The best technique for retaining information is A. Reading about it B. Using flash cards C. Making it meaningful D. Creating mnemonic devices

answer

C. Making it meaningful

question

What is morphemic analysis?

answer

Morphemic analysis is determining a word's meaning through examination of its prefix, root, and/or suffix.

question

What is a morpheme?

answer

A morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning. The word believe has one morpheme. Unbelievable has three morphemes: un-believe-able.

question

What is contextual analysis?

answer

Contextual analysis is an attempt to derive the meaning of a word by examining the context in which the unknown word appears.

question

What is an example of contextual analysis?

answer

"Salutations!" Repeated the voice. "What are they and who are you?" Screamed Wilbur. "Please, please, tell me where you are. And what are salutations?" "Salutations are greetings," said the voice, "when I say 'salutations' it's just my fancy way of saying hello or good morning." - Charlotte's Web; E.B. White

question

What is a Tier 1 word?

answer

Tier 1 words are basic words that appear in everyday language. Because they are heard frequently in numerous contexts and with nonverbal communication, tier 1 words rarely require explicit instruction.

question

What is an example of a Tier 1 word?

answer

Clock, baby, happy, walk

question

What is a Tier 2 word?

answer

Tier 2 words are high frequency words used by mature language users across several content areas. Because of their lack of redundancy in oral language, Tier 2 words present challenges to students who primarily meet them in print.

question

What is an example of a tier 2 word?

answer

Peered, obvious, complex, establish, verify.

question

What is a Tier 3 word?

answer

Tier 3 words that are not frequently used except in specific content areas or domains. Tier 3 words are central to building knowledge and conceptual understanding within the various academic domains and should be integral to instruction of content.

question

What is an example of a Tier 3 word?

answer

Medical, legal, biology, and mathematical terms are all examples of Tier 3 words.

question

What is wide reading?

answer

Wide reading is exposing students to many genres of books.

question

Why is wide reading important?

answer

Wide reading is important because this exposes students to more words and different kinds of pictures.

question

What is QAR(question-answer relationship)?

answer

QAR is a strategy to be used after students have read. QAR teaches students how to decipher what types of questions they are being asked and where to find the answers to them.

question

What are the four types of QAR?

answer

1. Right there. The answer is found within a single sentence in the text. 2. Put together. The answer is found in several sentences in the text. 3. On my own. The answer is in the students' background of knowledge. 4. Writer and me. A combination of information from the text and the reader's background is required to answer the question.

question

What is repairing?

answer

In repairing, the student takes corrective action when comprehension falters. Repairing refers to taking steps to correct faulty comprehension.

question

What is reciprocal teaching?

answer

Reciprocal teaching is a form of social-constructivist learning and cognitive apprenticeship in which students gradually learn key comprehension strategies by imitating and working along with the teacher.

question

What is QTA (questioning the author)?

answer

QTA is a strategy that engages students actively with a text. Rather than reading and taking information from a text, the QTA strategy encourages the students to ask questions of the author and the text.

question

What is dual coding?

answer

Dual coding is a theory of cognitive processing, information can be coded verbally and nonverbally.

question

What is the Cloze procedure?

answer

The Cloze procedure is another approach to foster comprehension.

question

What is classic Cloze?

answer

In classic Cloze, the teacher deletes words at random from a narrative or expository passage.

question

What is scoring (exact and substitution) Cloze?

answer

Exact replacement: there is only one right answer. Substitution scoring: there are multiple right answers.

question

What is DR-TA (directed reading thinking activity)?

answer

DR-TA is a comprehension strategy that guides students in asking questions about a text, making predictions, and then reading to confirm or refute their predictions. DR-TA process encourages students to be active and thoughtful readers, enhancing their comprehension.

question

What is FELS?

answer

FELS is a question technique to evoke higher-level thinking process. F stands for focusing, E stands for extending, L stands for lifting, and S stands for substantiating.

question

What does F stand for in FELS?

answer

F stands for focusing. Focusing questions direct students' attention. To a particular topic.

question

What does E stand for in FELS?

answer

E stands for extending. Extending questions are designed to elicit clarification and elaboration. By extending students' thoughts on the same level, the teacher can encourage them to seek additional information about a character or event and clear up points of confusion.

question

What does the L stand for in FELS?

answer

L stands for lifting. Lifting is the crucial stage. Through questioning or other means, the teacher lifts the discussion to a higher level.

question

What does the S stand for in FELS?

answer

S stands doe substantiating. Substantiating questions ask students what evidence they found or what standards or criteria they used to draw a conclusion, make a judgment, or prove a point.

question

What is Macro-Cloze?

answer

Macro-Cloze is where students use their background of experience and inferential reasoning to supply a missing sentence.

question

What is SQ3R?

answer

SQ3R is survey, question, read, recite, and review. SQ3R helps study. Survey headings and summaries increases speed of reading, helps students remember the text, and provides an overview of the text. Asking a question before reading each question improves concentration. Reciting from memory immediately after reading slows down forgetting. Understanding major ideas and seeing relationships among ideas help comprehension and retention. Having short review sessions, outlining, and relating information to students' personal needs and interests are useful

question

What is a gloss?

answer

A gloss is a special type of comprehension aid in which technical items or difficult concepts are explained in marginal notes. A gloss may define a hard word, explain a key idea, paraphrase a difficult passage, tap prior knowledge, or emphasize a key point.

question

What is sheltered English?

answer

Sheltered English is a way of fostering the learning if English through the study if content areas for English Language Learners. As students learn science and social studies, they develop English language skills.

question

What is ReQuest?

answer

ReQuest is one of the simplest and most effective devices for getting children to create questions. ReQuesting is also known as reciprocal questioning. The teacher and student take turns asking and answering questions.

STUDY

Asking For Clarification Good Communication Skills Linguistics Principles Of Marketing

Speech Final Review – Flashcards 151 terms

Steven Ramirez

151 terms

Preview

Speech Final Review – Flashcards

question

If you make a harsh and unkind comment to someone

answer

he/she is likely to remember the comment for a long time.

question

The definition for a formal communication network is

answer

a system designed by management that determines who talks to whom to get a job done.

question

Josefina was so angry that she didn't even hear her brother's apology. Which type of noise hindered Josefina's ability to accurately decode her brother's message?

answer

psychological

question

When an individual attaches meaning to the message he/she receives, which of the following components of the communication process has occurred?

answer

decoding

question

The text identified two levels of messages individuals exchange during the communication process. During office meetings, Sara expresses her respect for her boss by listening attentively, nodding, and taking notes. Through her actions, Sara is illustrating a __________ message.

answer

relational message

question

When your text states that communication is unavoidable, it means that

answer

people will probably attach meaning to your actions, even when you don't intend to communicate something.

question

Which of the following messages would be classified as a content message?

answer

demonstrating how to use a newly acquired copy machine

question

Networking refers to

answer

developing contacts to gain career information and to help others in their careers.

question

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using face to-face communication over other communication channels?

answer

It is often difficult to schedule a time to meet face-to-face.

question

All of the following methods are recommended for cultivating personal networks except

answer

trust only those employees who have been in the organization for a long time and who hold positions higher than yours.

question

Which of the following is NOT an example of downward communication?

answer

An employee talks to a coworker in a sneering tone of voice.

question

In the Model of Communication, the "sender" refers to a person who is

answer

encoding ideas into words or nonverbals.

question

Which of the following describes most accurately the potential of effective communication?

answer

If you improve your communication skills, you can increase your effectiveness in personal and business relationships.

question

Which of the following is NOT a suggested guideline for using cell phones?

answer

Give your cell phone priority over face-to-face conversations; the person you are with can wait while you answer your phone.

question

The channel of communication that has the highest level of nonverbal "richness" is

answer

face-to-face communication.

question

Which of the following is true about the interaction that occurs during a formal interview?

answer

At least one person has a serious predetermined reason for being there.

question

Shane knew that he was not supposed to ask interviewees whether they had children. However, he found that if he asked them what they spent most of their time on outside of work, it became obvious from their answers whether they had children. What type of question is Shane using in this example?

answer

indirect

question

During an interview for a new marketing position in the company that she worked for, Sharon's boss asked her a number of questions such as "If you were in the following situation, what would your reaction be?" Which of the following types of question is her boss asking?

answer

hypothetical

question

Interviews are more purposeful and structured than other conversations.

answer

True

question

When an interviewer introduces a new topic area, she is using a

answer

primary question

question

Josh was being interviewed for a new position at an advertising firm. The interviewer asked questions for forty five minutes. She then explained to Josh that the top three interviewees would be called back for a second interview. The interviewee's explanation of future actions represents the ____________ phase of an interview

answer

closing

question

Garrett is about to conduct his first sales interview. As he assesses his prospective customer, he should attend to all of the following aspects except:

answer

It's important to assess all of these.

question

Your text identifies several characteristics that showcase an interview as a special kind of conversation. Which of the following is NOT a special characteristic of interviews?

answer

Only two people will participate.

question

Which of the following is the responsibility of the interviewee?

answer

Cover your own agenda.

question

Which type of question is the following: "What is your opinion about our new benefits package?"

answer

open

question

After years of experience, Raylene has come to believe that the most effective way to determine a person's true personality during a job interview is to allow the conversation to go in any direction the interview may lead. Which type of interview schedule does Raylene prefer?

answer

nonstructured

question

Which of the following is NOT suggested by your text concerning ethical behavior during interviews?

answer

It is permissible to ignore a few ethical guidelines if it makes the difference between getting a job or not.

question

Which of the following would be the clearest specific goal for an interview?

answer

Find out from my instructor what I can do to improve my grade on the next assignment.

question

Mr. Madaren asks each interviewee "Tell me about a situation when you had to fire someone. How did you handle it?" Which type of question is Mr. Madaren using?

answer

critical incident

question

Rob was selected by his supervisor to conduct interviews with prospective college graduates for their law firm. This is the first time Rob has ever been on the other side of the table in the interview process. He decided to prepare extremely well in order to make a good impression on the partners of the firm. First, he developed a list of topics he felt needed to be covered. He then developed a number of open ended questions with follow-up probes related to each of his major topics. Which type of interview schedule has Rob created?

answer

moderately structured

question

Which of the following goals for an information gathering interview is the most specific?

answer

What are the advantages and disadvantages of photography as a career, and how could I best prepare myself for a photography career?

question

Three purposes of a career research interview are to

answer

conduct research, be remembered, get referrals.

question

The performance appraisal interview can serve a valuable function for most organizations. According to the text, which of the following is NOT a recommended function of performance-appraisal interviews?

answer

giving the manager's opinion of employees' shortcomings

question

All of the following activities except _________________ will distinguish you as a professional, serious person, worth the interviewee's time and effort.

answer

sending emails or letters that contain spelling and/or grammar errors.

question

Choose the best answer to the interview question, "Why should we hire you?"

answer

"I understand from your website that your most popular product is Zanos. I've been using Zanos for three years now. I've shown several of my friends how effective it is, and now they're buying it, too. With my knowledge of the product and my enthusiasm for it, I can be a sincere and valuable sales rep."

question

A "BFOQ" is

answer

a type of question that is legally permissible in a job interview because it focuses on job-related factors.

question

Which of the following is normally a lawful question to ask DURING an employment interview (not as verification submitted after employment)?

answer

"If the company pays for additional schooling, what courses would you like to take?"

question

According to a recent survey, which of the following is the most important in shaping a hiring decision?

answer

ability to communicate effectively

question

A probable result of thinking constructively about the chance to participate in an interview is

answer

planning ahead to think of ways to handle the upcoming challenges.

question

In an employment interview, which of the following would be the best answer to the question, "What is your greatest weakness?"

answer

"Sometimes I tend to be too much of a perfectionist, so I'm hesitant to let my subordinates work without close supervision. But I know it's important to let them have autonomy, so I'm learning to give them more chances to work independently."

question

According to the text, in developing personal networks to discover job contacts, __________ are often most helpful.

answer

associates who are not relatives or close friends

question

An example of a behavioral job interview question is:

answer

"Tell us about a time when you had to fire someone and how you handled it."

question

Which of the following does not influence the rating a candidate receives in a job interview?

answer

Any of these factors can influence a candidate's rating.

question

During his employment interview, Chen was asked several times to describe challenges he had encountered on his last job and to explain how he handled them. Chen was experiencing a(n) ________ interview.

answer

behavioral

question

The "PAR" approach refers to

answer

a method of backing up your interview answers with evidence.

question

Which of the following is NOT appropriate to include during the conclusion of a presentation?

answer

new evidence to further support your main point

question

According to the textbook, what is the maximum number of main points that should be included in the

answer

five

question

During a speech to a group of animal rights activists, John, who is an enthusiastic hunter, talked about his proposal for opening the deer hunt to 12 months a year rather than only during a 1 month season. Not surprisingly, John's speech was not well received. According to the text, which of the following did John neglect to consider prior to giving this presentation?

answer

the audience members' attitudes about the subject

question

Juan is preparing a speech to a prospective client who has been using the services of a different advertising firm for the past 10 years. Juan's goal is to influence the client to switch firms and begin working with his company. What is the general purpose of Juan's presentation?

answer

to persuade

question

Which of the following would be the BEST thesis statement?

answer

Leasing your equipment can help you save money.

question

The functions of transitions include all of the following except

answer

providing evidence to support a key point.

question

Keith is a trainer for a new computer software company and is responsible for teaching people the skills required to use the various products his company creates. What is the general purpose of Keith's presentations?

answer

to inform

question

Katie presented what she thought was a detailed speech to a group of dental hygienists about new dental techniques. After the presentation, Katie found out that her remarks were so general that the hygienists felt they hadn't learned anything worthwhile. Which aspect of the audience did Katie neglect to analyze prior to giving her presentation?

answer

how much the audience knows

question

Which of these is a transition?

answer

In addition to attaining better gas mileage, the Honda also requires fewer repairs.

question

Which of the following is NOT a general purpose of a presentation identified in your text?

answer

to evaluate

question

The conclusion of a presentation should consist of

answer

a review and closing statement.

question

According to the text, which of the following terms describes the reaction you are seeking from your audience?

answer

specific purpose

question

An introduction should

answer

capture the attention of your audience.

question

Which of the following statements was NOT listed as a rule for using main points in a presentation?

answer

Present more than one key idea in each main point.

question

Which of the following would be the BEST specific goal statement?

answer

After hearing my presentation, at least a quarter of the audience will sign up to receive additional information about solar heating.

question

It is not necessary to use supporting material when you are presenting complicated information.

answer

False

question

Liam was giving a persuasive presentation to his class about the need to increase recycling efforts in the United States. To support his main point, he provided a hypothetical account of what he expected the world to look like in 50 years if recycling efforts were not stepped up. Which of the following forms of verbal support is Liam using during his presentation?

answer

Story

question

The supporting material you choose for your speech should be interesting to the audience.

answer

True

question

Tom enthusiastically explained to his boss the reasons he thought he should get a raise. However, Tom did not organize his thoughts clearly, and did not back up his claims with solid evidence. It is not likely that Tom's boss will be convinced by Tom's presentation.

answer

True

question

Which of the following is NOT a function of supporting material?

answer

to make a claim

question

Which of the following is NOT true about using statistics in presentations?

answer

The more statistics you use, the more interesting your speech will be.

question

Which of the following was NOT presented as a guideline for using quotations during a presentation?

answer

Use lengthy quotations often, always keeping their original form.

question

All of the following are typical characteristics of an oral speaking style except:

answer

long, flowery sentences.

question

According to the text, the most effective way to begin a presentation is

answer

after you pause and look at the audience.

question

The text identifies a number of potential delivery types from which a speaker can select when preparing a presentation. Which of the following types is most likely to cause anxiety or stage fright for the speaker?

answer

memorized

question

There are a number of visual elements a speaker should consider prior to and during a presentation. According to the text, which of the following is NOT a guideline to follow when planning a presentation?

answer

Sweep your eyes in a repeating pattern that moves from left to right to left to right, etc.

question

Your text describes all of the following methods of delivering a presentation except

answer

informal.

question

An effective extemporaneous presentation

answer

should be carefully prepared and rehearsed several times.

question

Hua was giving a presentation to a group of investors using a delivery style that did not allow him to connect very well with his audience. Hua read from his notes and rarely looked up at the audience. His sentences were long and complex. What method of delivery did Hua use for his presentation?

answer

manuscript

question

All of the following are true about vocal delivery except:

answer

if you lack enthusiasm when you present your speech, it's likely that the audience will become enthusiastic about your topic.

question

All of the following are characteristics of effective notes for extemporaneous presentations except:

answer

detailed.

question

All of the following are true about managing mistakes in your delivery except

answer

if the audiovisual equipment fails to function properly, apologize several times, then ask the audience to wait while you find someone to make handouts to distribute.

question

Which of the following guidelines works best when rehearsing for a presentation?

answer

Rehearse on your feet.

question

Which of the following is true about the use of an extemporaneous delivery style during a presentation?

answer

To the audience, it often seems as if it is effortless.

question

After hearing that a local tire company was looking for a new firm to handle their advertising, Kevin scheduled a sales presentation to try to persuade the company to sign on with his advertising business. For the presentation, Kevin wanted to use a style of delivery that would enable him to cover all his prepared material in an organized way, yet would still appear spontaneous. Which delivery method should Kevin select for his presentation?

answer

extemporaneous

question

If you make a mistake while you're delivering a presentation, it is best to

answer

just keep speaking, correcting only obvious mistakes.

question

The textbook suggests that in order to become a more confident speaker you should

answer

recognize that a certain amount of anxiety can be an asset.

question

The authority

answer

rule decision-making method-empowers the designated leader to make the final decision.

question

When Lucy, your manager's administrative assistant, tells you to sign and submit any paperwork to her immediately, you comply by the end of the day. Because Lucy is in charge of keeping the office files in order, she possesses _____________ power.

answer

position

question

Heather is a member of a group in which each member brings well researched, relevant information to each decision-making meeting. She concludes that without each person's input, the quality of the decisions would decrease dramatically. Which of the following characteristics does Heather's group illustrate?

answer

interdependence

question

Ideally, groups should create constructive norms

answer

early in the group's existence.

question

Coercive power is a function of

answer

the consequences a person can impose.

question

Behaviors that groups develop as acceptable ways for doing things (e.g. dress styles, formality of communication) are called

answer

norms.

question

A person who __________ is most likely to emerge as the leader of a group.

answer

helps the group succeed

question

If your subordinates obeyed your orders because of your ability to hand out bonuses, which of the following forms of power would you be exerting?

answer

reward power

question

Which of the following would NOT be classified as a work group, according to the characteristics explained in your text?

answer

Seven students attend a program about male/female communication differences.

question

Referent power is a function of

answer

the degree to which a person is respected.

question

Hamid is a new employee who used to work for your most daunting competitor. When you are designing an ad campaign, you interview Hamid to help you draft an accurate comparison of the two company's products. Hamid possesses ____________ power.

answer

information

question

You are on a team of students using the reflective thinking sequence to select the communication text for next year's students. Currently, your team is completing the third step (identifying the criteria to use when you compare possible textbooks). Which of the following statements is NOT an example of a criterion?

answer

I like this book best.

question

The decision mode in which all members agree (at least to some extent) is known as

answer

consensus.

question

Which of the following is NOT a typical advantage of a group?

answer

increase in members' salaries

question

Which of the following would NOT be likely to increase cohesiveness in a group?

answer

competing individual goals

question

In which of the following situations would it be best to call a meeting rather than to send a memo?

answer

The information that is being communicated is controversial.

question

Post meeting follow-up activities should include all the following except

answer

chastising members who were not present at the last meeting.

question

Nominal group technique (NGT) is a method designed primarily to

answer

encourage more equal participation.

question

Relevancy challenges are appropriately used when

answer

a member gets off the subject.

question

Goal descriptions for agenda items should be _________.

answer

result-oriented

question

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of the organizer's pre meeting preparation?

answer

All of these are aspects of pre-meeting preparation.

question

Which of the following discussion methods tends to result in unbalanced participation?

answer

a loosely structured informal meeting

question

If Consuelo refers questions from individual group members back to the entire group instead of answering them herself, she is using ______________ questions?

answer

relay

question

When Jordan asked a question, Jennifer repeatedly jumped in and voiced her opinion, cutting off other group members before they had a chance to speak. As a result, Jordan decided to aim his questions at specific individuals to allow for more sharing of information across the group. Jordan was using _______ questions.

answer

direct

question

Which is the recommended approach for concluding a meeting?

answer

Point out that the meeting is close to completion, summarize the group's accomplishments, outline future actions, and thank members for having attended. It's not important to include ____________ on an agenda.-the Chair's recommendation for how to vote on each item

question

Which of the following is NOT a useful suggestion for keeping discussions on track

answer

If a remark is irrelevant, discuss its pros and cons, and then return to the task at hand.

question

The most common reason for a business meeting is

answer

problem solving/decision making.

question

Which of the following questions is NOT recommended as a method for building an agenda?

answer

How can I prevent others from raising controversial points during the meeting?

question

Which of the following is true?

answer

It's wise to switch from overhead questions to other types of questions if a few people are dominating the discussion.

question

It is not advisable to display an object unless it is large enough for everyone in the audience to see clearly.

answer

True

question

One advantage of using a dry erase board is:

answer

you can record information that comes up on the spot.

question

When you are using presentation software, it's best to resist the temptation to use elaborate and dazzling animation.

answer

True

question

Computer displays

answer

can show a variety of visuals, including photos, charts, graphs, and video.

question

Which is a guideline for designing effective visuals?

answer

Keep the design simple.

question

According to research cited in the text, the impact of a presentation is greater if the material is presented

answer

both visually and orally.

question

Visual aids are used in presentations for a number of reasons. According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of those reasons?

answer

You can take a break from speaking while the audience looks at your visual aid.

question

You can add a professional touch to your presentation by including segments of home made videos.

answer

.False

question

All of the following are true about distributing handouts to accompany your presentation except:

answer

handouts increase the chance that audience members will be looking at you during the presentation.

question

A ____________ is a two-dimensional drawing that demonstrates the various properties of an object or concept

answer

Diagram

question

In Mexico, (a culture with high power distance), a person who frequently questions the feasibility of a manager's proposals would probably

answer

be thought of as a troublemaker.

question

Our own culture's standards are usually

answer

not obvious to us.

question

Culture refers to all of the following except

answer

inherited and innate characteristics.

question

In a culture where conflict is avoided, it is appropriate to

answer

say "I'll consider it" if you mean "no."

question

The ADA guarantees that people with disabilities

answer

receive reasonable accommodations in employment.

question

The statement: "Time is money, so it should be rationed carefully" reflects a ______________ orientation toward time

answer

monochronic

question

When a person is silent, how should you interpret this?

answer

The meaning of silence varies depending on the culture, the context, and the individual.

question

Skylar is a very organized and timely individual. He always shows up for meetings 15 minutes early. He frowns upon colleagues who fail to arrive on time. Which orientation toward time would most accurately describe Sky's behavior?

answer

monochronic

question

Members of a collectivist culture such as China will typically

answer

believe that the welfare of an organization they belong to is as important as their own welfare.

question

Cultures that rely heavily on subtle nonverbal cues to convey meaning have a ________________ orientation.

answer

high-context

question

Eye contact indicates

answer

any of these; the meaning of eye contact varies depending on the culture.

question

In organizations with a diverse workforce, it is usually constructive to

answer

discuss cultural differences openly, as long as you avoid inflammatory remarks.

question

One approach for learning about the culture of an organization that would probably NOT be helpful is:

answer

During your job interview, ask the interviewer if the company treats its employees respectfully.

question

All of the following characteristics except _____________ can help define culture

answer

All of these characteristics can affect culture.

question

In international business, a good general rule is:

answer

Address people using their formal title until they invite you to talk to them on a first-name basis.

question

Language that sets off an intense emotional reaction in a listener is referred to as

answer

trigger words.

question

All of the following are true concerning appearance except:

answer

The clothing you select has no impact on how others perceive you.

question

Manager Bland gave the following instructions to Jared: "I'd like you take on more responsibility. So far, you've only been dealing with minor tasks such as drawing up daily schedules and mailing out customer refunds. Starting with your shift on Tuesday, I'd like you to assist Kevin with brainstorming new means of customer outreach and with designing a sticky web site for our PRNG program." Manager Bland's instructions include all of the following types of language EXCEPT _________.

answer

slang

question

The quid pro quo form of sexual harassment refers to

answer

suggesting that an employee's continued employment depends on their willingness to grant you sexual favors.

question

Do use strategic ambiguity

answer

when you need to deliver a difficult message, but you want to help the receiver save face.

question

Which of the following is NOT an equivocal phrase for expressing time?

answer

in two minutes

question

A "high level abstraction" is

answer

a broad, general statement.

question

A feminine communication style is characterized by which of the following elements?

answer

supportive listening

question

A specialized technical form of vocabulary that allows professionals to communicate about issues important to their field is referred to as

answer

jargon.

question

Equivocation occurs for all of the following reasons except

answer

for clarity, speakers might explain their meanings using lower-level abstractions.

question

Nonverbal messages

answer

indicate a person's feelings and attitudes.

question

Strategic ambiguity refers to

answer

the purposeful use of indirect language.

question

A coworker tells you: "It makes me really mad when my boss strolls past my desk and says, 'Okay, honey, let's get down to work." I am not his honey!" In your coworker's view, the word "honey" is

answer

a trigger word.

question

In conversation, the best guide for eye contact across all cultures is

answer

be aware of cultural variations in eye contact.

question

Robert is an effective supervisor because he has the ability to interpret a number of spoken and unspoken conversational cues. His subordinates in his sales division respect him because he also has the ability to develop strong rapport with each coworker by showing constant support. Which type of communication style is Robert demonstrating when he is showing support?

answer

feminine

STUDY

Asking For Clarification Earned Value Management Management Project Life Cycle Project Management Project Team Members

CHP 10 Managing Project Communications QUIZ – Flashcards 21 terms

David Dunn

21 terms

Preview

CHP 10 Managing Project Communications QUIZ – Flashcards

question

You are the project manager of the BlueSky Network Upgrade Project. You have 15 project team members and you're speaking with them about the importance of communication. You show them the communication model and give examples of each of the components of the model. One of the project team members asks for an example of noise. Of the following, which one is an example of noise?

answer

Distance *Noise is anything that interferes with the transmission and understanding of the message. Distance is an example of noise

question

You are the project manager for the JHG Project. Management has requested that you create a document detailing what information will be expected from stakeholders and to whom that information will be disseminated. Management is asking for which one of the following?

answer

The communications management plan

question

Which of the following will help you, the project manager, complete the needed communications management plan by identifying the stakeholders' communication needs?

answer

Lessons learned from previous similar projects *Lessons learned and historical information from a previous project are ideal inputs to communications planning.

question

You are the project manager for the JGI Project. You have 32 stakeholders on this project. How many communication channels do you have?

answer

496

question

You are the project manager for the KLN Project. You had 19 stakeholders on this project and have added three team members to the project. How many more communication channels do you have now compared with before?

answer

60 ****This is a tough question, but typical of the CAPM and PMP exams. The question asks how many more communication channels exist. You'll have to calculate the new value, which is 231, and then subtract the original value, which is 171, for a total of 60 new channels.

question

A memo has been sent to you, the project manager, the project team members, and the project customers from the project sponsorIn this instance, who is the sender?

answer

The project sponsor

question

Beth is a project manager for her organization and she is working with the stakeholders to develop a communications management plan. She wants to acknowledge the assumptions and constraints in the project. Which one of the following is an example of a project communication constraint?

answer

Team members in different geographical locales

question

Project managers can present project information in many different ways. Which one of the following is not a method a project manager can use to present project performance?

answer

RACI charts *RACI charts do not show project performance, but instead accountability of the resources involved in the project

question

There are many terms that you'll need to know for your PMI examination that deal with project communications. Of the following, which term describes the pitch and tone of an individual's voice?

answer

Paralingual

question

You are the project manager of the KMH Project. This project is slated to last eight years. You have just calculated EVM and have a cost variance (CV) of -$3,500, which is outside of the acceptable thresholds for your project. What type of report is needed for management?

answer

Exception report

question

You are presenting your project performance to your key stakeholders. Several of the stakeholders are receiving phone calls during your presentation, and this is distracting people from your message. This is an example of what?

answer

noise

question

You are the project manager for the OOK Project. You will be hosting project meetings every week. Of the following, which one is not a valid rule for project meetings?

answer

Allow project meetings to last as long as needed.

question

What percentage of a message is sent through nonverbal communications, such as facial expressions, hand gestures, and body language?

answer

Greater than 50 percent

question

Gary is the project manager of the HBA Update Project and his company has hired you as a project management consultant. Gary is confused about the timing of some of the project management processes. In particular, Gary doesn't understand the concept, purpose, and timing of the lessons learned documentation. He asks for your help. When does lessons learned identification take place?

answer

Throughout the project life cycle

question

Gary is the project manager of the HBA Update Project and his company has hired you as a project management consultant. Gary is confused about the timing of some of the project management processes. He now has a good understanding of the lessons learned purpose, but he's still confused about why you've recommended that the project team participate in the lessons learned documentation, too. Why should a project team complete lessons learned documentation?

answer

To help future project teams complete their projects more accurately

question

You are the project manager for the PMU Project. Your project has 13 members. You have been informed that next week your project will receive the seven additional members you requested. How many channels of communication will you have next week?

answer

190

question

Performance reporting should generally provide information on all of the following except for which one?

answer

Labor issues

question

Performance reporting should generally provide information on

answer

- Scope - Qulaity - Schedule

question

You are the project manager of a project that will last 18 months and includes three different countries. As part of your communications management plan you've scheduled face-to-face meetings with the project team and you're utilizing web conferencing software for the virtual team. Based on this information, the process of sending information from the project manager to the project team is called what?

answer

Transmitting

question

George is the project manager of the 7YH Project. In this project, George considers the relationship between himself and the customer to be of utmost importance. Which one of the following is a valid reason for George's belief in the importance of this relationship?

answer

The communication between the customer and George can convey the project objectives more clearly than can the language in the project contract.

question

You are the project manager for your company and you're working with the project team to develop the project's communication management plan. The project team is confused about some of the communication terms. Basically, they want to know how communication actually happens and how you can prove the communication was effective. Which one of the following means that communications occur?

answer

The transfer of knowledge

STUDY

Asking For Clarification Closed Ended Questions Currency Exchange Rates Low Context Culture Number And Type Status Quo Bias

Bargaining & Negotiation – Flashcards 75 terms

Karen Combs

75 terms

Preview

Bargaining & Negotiation – Flashcards

question

Distributive bargaining is a ___________ form of negotiation.

answer

Win-lose

question

___________ are the primary focus of distributive bargainers.

answer

Positions

question

When the other party makes the first offer, and the offer is extreme, negotiators commonly react by:

answer

Thinking that their initial offer was too optimistic, and revising it to be less favorable to themselves.

question

Asking for more than you expect, using silence, and using time to your advantage are examples of _________ used in distributive bargaining.

answer

Tactics

question

Adjustments or reductions to demands are called:

answer

Concessions

question

Bogey, good cop-bad cop, and lowball-highball are examples of

answer

Dirty Tricks

question

Saying, "This is the best I can do," or "I cannot move any farther" is an example of:

answer

A final offer

question

Determining positions, and setting reservation process and target points should all take place during:

answer

The strategy implementation stage of the negotiation.

question

Deceiving and bluffing, and concealing and distorting information are:

answer

tactics you can use to help you gather information about the other party.

question

An example of an ethically questionable tactic is...

answer

refusing to make concessions

question

Conditions that suggest using distributive negotiation

answer

Goals are in fundamental conflict, the relationship is not a high priority, resources are limited, and trust and cooperation are lacking.

question

"You must reduce shipment costs by $0 per package or we will give our business to your competitor." This is an example of:

answer

A commitment

question

Equality fairness norms

answer

relationship goals, ongoing relationships, and allocating rewards (NOT: Personal development goals)

question

Distributive negotiation should be the negotiation style of choice when parties are mainly interested in:

answer

Claiming the most value for themselves.

question

Distributive bargaining tactics:

answer

Estimate the other party's resistance points, set your targets high, be willing to walk away. (NOT: Do not make the first offer.)

question

Aspiration levels are the outcomes that you realistically hope to achieve

answer

True

question

The more attractive your BATNA is, the harder it is for you to walk away from the negotiation without reaching agreement

answer

False

question

Most people bargain collaboratively.

answer

False

question

Parties are more likely to reveal their BATNAs than their resistance points

answer

True

question

You increase your negotiating power by not revealing your BATNA.

answer

False

question

When negotiating distributively, the parties are expected to make offers and counteroffers before reaching an agreement.

answer

True

question

An effective way to gain information and concessions is to respond to the other negotiator's argument or offer with silence.

answer

True

question

Negotiators who begin with a tough stance and make few early concessions, and later make larger concessions, elicit more concessions from the other party than negotiators who begin with generous concessions and then become tough and unyielding.

answer

True

question

Providing explanations for your offers is typically more persuasive than providing an emotional appeal.

answer

True

question

The party that does most of the talking puts the other party at a disadvantage.

answer

False

question

Integrative negotiation is a _________ form of negotiation

answer

Win-Win

question

Defining the situation, identifying interests, and building rapport:

answer

Take on more importance in integrative negotiation than in distributive negotiation.

question

To separate the person from the problem:

answer

consider the roles of emotions, perceptions, and communication.

question

When negotiating integratively, the focus is on:

answer

Interests

question

What is not appropriate when negotiating integratively?

answer

Compromise

question

Separating the person from the problem is an example of an integrative negotiation ___________.

answer

Tactic.

question

Asking open-ended, probing questions, asking for clarification regarding what the other party said, and not blaming the other party when a problem arises are all examples of:

answer

Tools to help gain a shared understanding between the negotiating parties

question

Fears, concerns, and unmet needs refer to a negotiator's:

answer

Interests

question

What pertains to the tangible issues that are being negotiated?

answer

Substantive interests

question

Instrumental interests refer to

answer

When you value or need something because it will help you in the future.

question

Focusing on interests during the negotiation:

answer

Expands the number and type of solutions that will help both sides.

question

The solution process in which parties maximize joint gain by funding trades that capitalize on their differences is called:

answer

Logrolling

question

you are meeting your manager to discuss getting a raise. To support the amount of the new salary that you will ask for, you show your manager the salary range for someone in your job, based on a salary survey conducted by a reputable human resources consulting firm. You explain that your job responsibilities match those of others whose salary falls in the top quarter of the range. This is an example of:

answer

Using objective criteria to evaluate options

question

Integrative negotiation begins with:

answer

Investigating how to expand the pie

question

When brainstorming, negotiators should not:

answer

search for the single best answer

question

Using objective criteria is most effective when each party searches for its own criteria as opposed to searching for objective criteria together.

answer

False

question

It is inappropriate to be aggressive when negotiating integratively

answer

False

question

To negotiate optimally, each party's interests should be kept secret from the other party.

answer

False

question

The best approach when discussing issues is to focus on one issue at a time

answer

False

question

Once trust is broken it cannot be restored into a negotiation relationship

answer

False

question

Distributive negotiation offers more opportunities to find solutions that are acceptable to both parties than integrative negotiation.

answer

False

question

Interests can be intrinsic or instrumental

answer

True

question

Negotiators who make multiple equivalent offers have more difficulty finding integrative solutions

answer

False

question

Legal requirements, relevant precedents, customs, market prices or wages, professional standards and policies are examples of objective criteria.

answer

True

question

Trust is important to successful integrative negotiation.

answer

True

question

Closing the negotiation begins:

answer

During your preparation for the negotiation

question

Emphasizing to the other party how much the party will save relative to the party's costs is an example of:

answer

Framing

question

Negotiating parties who are more concerned about the risk of change than they are about the risk of failing to change are being influenced by

answer

Status quo bias

question

What is an example of a default option?

answer

"Check this box if you do not want to receive our weekly email newsletter."

question

The sequential questions closing tactic involves:

answer

Asking a series of questions, all of which are designed to illicit a "yes" from the other party.

question

"If we do not receive your signed mortgage application and application fee by 5PM today, the interest rate will increase by a quarter of a percent." This is an example of

answer

An exploding offer.

question

"If you accept the transfer, you will not only get a rise, but you will also get a promotion and an added week of vacation." This is most likely appealing to the other party's

answer

Interests

question

If your opening offer is $15k and the dealer starts the price at $20k, and you agree on $17.5k without either party making any other concessions, the dealer and you have used which of the following closing tactics?

answer

Compromise

question

You can put 20% down and get a 7% interest rate, or put 30% down and get a 6.75% interest rate is an example of which of the following closing tactics?

answer

Multiple equivalent options

question

Which of the following is not a typical cause of a party's reluctance to agree to the offer?

answer

The solution appears too easy.

question

Exploding offers and sequential questions are not advisable to use if

answer

You want to preserve or build the relationship between parties

question

Understanding and overcoming objections and persuading the other party to say yes is most effective when done:

answer

Throughout the negotiation

question

Drawing diagrams and providing word pictures that demonstrate the positive outcomes that the other party will realize are especially effective methods for overcoming which of the following objections?

answer

It does not work for me

question

The best closing tactic:

answer

Avoid alienating the other party

question

Proposals that did not involve the other party's input are more likely to be:

answer

rejected.

question

Successfully closing a deal or settling a dispute requires you to convince the other party why or how your proposal satisfies your interests.

answer

False

question

How you close the deal is related to how successfully the terms of your agreement are implemented.

answer

True

question

Inviting the other side for constructive criticism of your proposals as you develop them is a good tactic for overcoming the other party's objections to your proposals.

answer

True

question

Requiring a short deadline for the other party's review of a complex proposal will typically work in your favor.

answer

False

question

Pointing out that the other party will incur costs if he or she takes time to think over the deal is an effective way to prevent losing the deal.

answer

True

question

Offering to compromise is an example of a closing tactic

answer

True

question

Splitting the difference between the last two offers is an even split only if the opening offers were equivalent from a theoretically correct settlement point, and if the concessions that both parties make are equal.

answer

True

question

It is not always necessary to use closing tactics.

answer

True

question

Using closed-ended questions is recommended once negotiators reach the closing stage

answer

False

question

Reframing your offer is an effective way to overcome objections.

answer

True

STUDY

Asking For Clarification Break Even Point Goals Identifying The Problem

COMM 421 Exam 1 CSULB – Flashcards 100 terms

Ann Ricker

100 terms

Preview

COMM 421 Exam 1 CSULB – Flashcards

question

Negotiation is considered a social process in which:

answer

Interdependent people with conflicting interests interact to achieve their desired outcomes.

question

Recent evidence suggests that negotiations should be conducted _______________ in order to find the best solutions for everyone involved.

answer

Collaboratively

question

Due to advances in technology and changes in the workplace, negotiation is becoming:

answer

An increasingly important skill for people to hone.

question

The Dual Concerns Model of negotiation offers ________ different approaches for handling conflict

answer

Five.

question

Which of the following is a 'lose-win' negotiation strategy?

answer

Accommodation.

question

The two dominant strategies of the Dual Concerns Model are:

answer

Competitive and integrative

question

The strategy of an integrative approach to negotiation involves:

answer

Creating value

question

Creating value is best described as:

answer

Attaching substantial importance to both the relationship and the substantive terms of the outcome for both parties

question

The idea behind 'creating value" is to allow both negotiating parties to:

answer

Benefit from the negotiation.

question

The situational characteristics that determine which negotiating strategy is most appropriate are:

answer

Goals, resources, and the level of the relationship and trust

question

Negotiations are generally:

answer

Mixed-motive

question

Which of the following statements is not true?

answer

Even if there's a possibility that you may lose everything by negotiating, negotiating is still the best option.

question

Typical negotiations are conducted in _______________ stages.

answer

Three

question

Which of the following is least likely a negotiation situation?

answer

The invitation you receive to a party says you can bring a friend.

question

The first step of the first stage of a negotiation is:

answer

Pre-negotiation preparation

question

Closing the deal is the final step of the final stage of a typical negotiation. T/F

answer

False

question

The 'claiming value' negotiation strategy improves trust and the relationship between parties. T/F

answer

FALSE

question

Negotiators can use intimidation as a means to avoid conflict. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

The final step of the second stage of a typical negotiation is to implement agreements. T/F

answer

FALSE

question

Negotiation is a common occurrence in everyday life. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Collaboration is the strategy to use for win-win results. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

A 'principled' strategy is another term for win-win negotiating T/F

answer

TRUE

question

There is no single 'best' way to negotiate. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

An analysis of the other party is the first step of the second stage of negotiating.

answer

FALSE

question

Full disclosure from both sides is necessary for a successful negotiation.

answer

FALSE

question

What percentage of the negotiation process should be devoted to preparation?

answer

Eighty (80%)

question

The strategic planning stage of preparation includes:

answer

Defining the situation, establishing the desired goals, formulating a strategy and deciding how to implement the strategy.

question

Considering questions such as, "Will you be negotiating a deal, settling a dispute or making a team decision? Will you negotiate with this party once or multiple times? Will you negotiate publicly or privately?" define the:

answer

Nature of the interaction

question

Negotiators who are highly concerned with achieving their substantive goals but have significantly less concern for the relationship or for the other party's substantive goals are likely to adopt:

answer

A distributive strategy

question

Issues are:

answer

The points that must be addressed.

question

The basic problem in most negotiations is:

answer

Conflicting interests

question

Which one of the responses to the following phrase is false? A Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement (BATNA):

answer

Decreases your bargaining power

question

Electronic negotiations make testing assumptions:

answer

More difficult.

question

A 'wise agreement' is one that:

answer

Satisfies the interests of both parties.

question

Labor markets, unemployment rates, workforce demographics and financial markets are examples of negotiation:

answer

Context.

question

Relative power influences the negotiation ________________ a negotiator chooses.

answer

Tactics

question

The bargaining mix, target points, BATNA and resistance points are determined during the ____________________ component of preparing for the negotiation.

answer

Framework operationalizing.

question

Testing assumptions refers to:

answer

Meeting with the other party to validate the estimates and hunches you made during your analysis of the party.

question

Identifying the problem to be solved, opportunity to be mined, dispute to be settled or team decision to be made are all elements of:

answer

Defining the situation

question

The zone of possible agreement (ZOPA) is the range between:

answer

Your resistance points

question

To achieve the greatest gains, negotiators should stick to the script they created during the preparation phase. T/F

answer

FALSE

question

Negotiation preparation includes obtaining information about the other party's needs, strategy and goals. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Preserving the relationship is a desirable goal in all types of negotiations. T/F

answer

FALSE

question

Substantive, relationship and process goals are interdependent. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Substantive and relationship goals help determine which strategy and tactics to use. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Interests are the motives underlying your positions. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Aspiration levels or target points are artificially high goals that you use as a starting point for the negotiation. T/F

answer

FALSE

question

. It is possible for a Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement (BATNA) to be worse than not reaching an agreement with the other party. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

The dilemma of honesty argues that the other party may take advantage of you if you believe too much of what he or she tells you, but you may not be able to reach an agreement if you believe too little. T/F

answer

FALSE

question

The party who needs the other most has the most bargaining power. T/F

answer

FALSE

question

Message encoding, message decoding and the communication channel are examples of

answer

The elements of communication

question

Language barriers and cultural differences are examples of:

answer

Noise

question

The medium through which a message is sent is called:

answer

The communication channel.

question

Negotiators who use a direct, relationship-oriented communication style are called:

answer

Expressers

question

"I can't go any higher with my offer because my boss won't let me" is an example of:

answer

An explanation.

question

Negotiator 1: "I don't think my interests are being met adequately in your proposal." Negotiator 2: "You're not satisfied with how our proposal satisfies your interests?"

answer

Paraphrasing

question

"What do you mean by saying that your interests are not being met adequately?" is an example of:

answer

Inquiring

question

Which of the following is an example of acknowledging?

answer

"I understand how frustrating it is to be in your position."

question

Which of the following is related to how the conversation is structured?

answer

Turn denying.

question

Focusing on the speaker and suspending judgments about what the speaker is saying are examples of:

answer

Active listening

question

Who speaks, when they speak, to whom they speak and for how long all refer to:

answer

How the conversation is structured

question

Which of the following suggests that the other party is willing to negotiate integratively?

answer

The negotiator asks for information about your party's priorities

question

Which of the following serves to create the sense that you and the other party are in sync with one another?

answer

Building rapport

question

"Direct versus indirect" and "task-oriented versus relationship-oriented" are examples of communication_________________.

answer

Styles

question

"Less accurate information processing and fewer insights are gained." This is an example of the influence of __________________ negotiations.

answer

Text-only

question

The goal of communication in negotiation is to create a shared understanding of the same problems, opportunities, issues, interests and so forth. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Negotiators who use words that focus mainly on things generally use different tactics than negotiators who use words that focus mainly on people. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

. In negotiation, preferences refer to the negotiator's tendency to use verbally aggressive tactics as opposed to relationship-building tactics. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Negotiators who propose three or more alternatives tend to confuse the other party and make it more difficult to come to an agreement, even when the alternatives are attractive. T/F

answer

FALSE

question

"What resources do you need to help you perform your job more efficiently?" is an example of a targeted question. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Asking for advice should be avoided because it suggests weakness to the other party. T/F

answer

FALSE

question

The communication channel you use for a negotiation influences the degree to which you attend to the other party T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Rapport-building is more difficult to achieve with e-mail negotiations than with face-to-face negotiations. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Facial expressions do not always reflect our emotions. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Consistency between a negotiator's verbal and nonverbal messages suggests that this person is telling the truth

answer

TRUE

question

Irrational escalation of commitment is an example of:

answer

COGNITIVE BIAS

question

Reactive devaluation is an example of:

answer

PERCEPTION ERROR

question

Impact bias is an example of:

answer

EMOTIONAL BIAS

question

John booked a flight on Fly-by-Night airline even though he had a horrible experience landing several hours late on the airline the last time he flew to Chicago. He could have booked the flight on another airline that he preferred over Fly-by-Night because the service was always impeccable and because it almost always arrived on time. But he had generated enough points after his previous flight on Fly-by-Night for a free round trip ticket and he had to use them or lose them within the next six months. John's decision to fly on Fly-by-Night is an example of:

answer

Being unable to ignore sunk costs.

question

When preparing for her yard sale, Betty overinflated the price of her favorite doll from childhood because she was so emotionally attached to it. A potential buyer offered a price that Betty thought was too low, but Betty said she would compromise and meet the potential buyer in the middle of their two offers. The potential buyer, who was a doll expert, told Betty the price was still too high based on its market value. Betty still thought the price she set was reasonable and that the potential buyer was trying to deceive her, and she would not lower her price. The price that Betty asked for the doll was influenced by:

answer

The endowment effect.

question

The tendency to overestimate the extent to which others can discern our thoughts and objectives is called:

answer

The illusion of transparency.

question

Mispredicting the intensity or duration of the pleasure or pain that future events will bring is which of the following emotional errors?

answer

Competitive arousal.

question

Paul is a negotiator who keeps distracting the other party's attention from multiple issues in order to get the other party to pay attention to the one issue that is most important to Paul. Paul is attempting to use_______________ to his advantage.

answer

Focalism

question

Biases are mainly:

answer

Unconscious

question

Overconfidence may be caused by:

answer

Inadequate preparation

question

The "fixed pie" assumption is related to:

answer

High levels of competitiveness

question

The _____________ and _________________ contribute to ignoring sunk costs.

answer

Confirmation trap / selective attention

question

Anchors:

answer

Are very influential on how we think, subsequent to the anchor being set.

question

If negotiators were rational they would:

answer

Never reach an agreement with a negative ZOPA

question

We often estimate the value of uncertain objects or events using information that is irrelevant because it happens to be ______________.

answer

Easily recallable

question

Perceptual decision-making errors can be caused by faulty perceptions of social entities and situations T/F

answer

TRUE

question

People are generally pretty good at figuring out what they are feeling.

answer

FALSE

question

People's strong desire to be consistent is an example of impression management.

answer

TRUE

question

In order to be effective in influencing the terms a negotiator will accept, an anchor cannot be set arbitrarily

answer

FALSE

question

It is not advisable to focus on one issue when negotiating integratively because it prevents negotiators from searching for and finding mutually beneficial tradeoffs. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Perspective taking is an asset to a negotiator. T/F

answer

TRUE

question

Having an audience enhances the effectiveness of a negotiator. T/F

answer

FALSE

question

The preparation stage is too early in the negotiation process to account for and plan on how to reduce biases. T/F

answer

FALSE

question

We are usually aware of cognitive biases when they occur, though we are not usually aware of emotional biases when they occur T/F

answer

FALSE

question

Schemata simplify information processing and decision making.

answer

TRUE

STUDY

Asking For Clarification English Language Arts English Language Learners Standard American English

"Educational Psychology; Active Learning Edition" by Anita Woolfolk – Flashcards 204 terms

Sara Edwards

204 terms

Preview

"Educational Psychology; Active Learning Edition" by Anita Woolfolk – Flashcards

question

Differentiated instruction

answer

Matching instruction to meet the different needs of learners in a given classroom, (P.g 10).

question

Reflective teachers...

answer

...think back over situations to analyze what they did and why, and to consider how they might improve the learning of their students, (P.g 9).

question

Teachers' sense of efficacy

answer

a teacher's belief that he or she can reach even the most difficult students and help them learn, (P.g 5).

question

What is NCLB?

answer

No Child Left Behind Act of 2002. Requires standardized achievement testing in reading and mathematics every year in grades 3-8, and in h. school. Science is tested once in each grade span, elem, mid, and high, (P.g 12).

question

"The teacher-student relationship in kindergarten predicts...

answer

...a number of academic and behavioral outcomes", (P.g 7).

question

A positive teacher-student relationship is fostered when teachers are...

answer

"sensitive to...[student]... needs and provide frequent, consistent feedback", (P.g 7).

question

Educational Psychology

answer

a distinct discipline with its own theories, research methods, problems and techniques, (P.g 14, restated P.g 23).

question

What do Educational Pschologists do?

answer

They conduct research on learning and teaching and at the same time, work to improve educational practice, (P.g 14).

question

Descriptive Studies

answer

Studies that collect detailed information about specific situations, often using observation, surveys, interviews, recordings, or a combination of these methods, (P.g 16).

question

Ethnography

answer

a descriptive approach to research that focuses on life within a group and tries to understand the meaning of the events to the people involved, (P.g 16).

question

Participant Observation

answer

A method for conducting descriptive research in which the reseacher becomes a participant in the group being observed.

question

Case Study

answer

Intensive study of one person or situation, (P.g 16).

question

Correlation

answer

statistical descriptions of how closely two variables are related, (P.g 16).

question

Positive Correlation

answer

A relationship between two variables in which both variables either increase or decrease together, (P.g 17).

question

Negative Correlation

answer

A relationship between two variables in which one variable increases when the other decreases, (P.g 17).

question

Experimentation

answer

The study of cause and effect; research method in which variables are manipulated and the effects recorded, (P.g 17).

question

Quasi-experimental studies

answer

Studies that fit most of the criteria for true experiments, with the important exception that the participants/subjects are not assigned to groups at random. Instead, existing groups such as classes or schools participate, (P.g 17).

question

Statistical Significance

answer

Not likely to be a chance occurance

question

Correlations Range from...

answer

1.00 to -1.00; the closer the correlation to 1 or -1, the stronger it is.

question

Correlation does not equal...

answer

Causation

question

What does this mean? p < 0.05

answer

In this study, the probability of the result reported could happen by chance less than 5 times out of a hundred.

question

Single Subject Experimental Studies

answer

Systematic interventions to study effects with one person, often by applying then withdrawing treatment; ABAB experiment, (P.g 18).

question

Microgenic Studies

answer

Detailed observation and analysis of changes in cognitive process as the process unfolds over a several-day, or several-week period of time, (P.g 18).

question

Action Research

answer

Research carried out by educators in their own classrooms or schools to improve the learning of their students.

question

Longatudinal Studies

answer

observing subjects over many years as changes occur

question

Cross-sectional

answer

focusing research on groups of children at different ages

question

The NCLB act says that educational programs and practices receiving federal money have to be consistent with...

answer

...scientifically based research, (P.g 20).

question

Scientifically Based Reseach as defined by NCLB act:

answer

1) Uses observations and experiments to systematically gather valid and reliable data. 2) Involves rigorous and appropriate procedures for analyzing data. 3) Is clearly described so that it can be repeated by others. 4) Has been rigorously reviewed by appropriate, independant experts

question

Principle

answer

Established relationship between factors, (P.g 20).

question

Theory in Science

answer

Integrated statement of principles that attempt to explain a phenomenon and make predictions, (P.g 20).

question

Hypothesis

answer

a prediction of what will happen in a research study based on theory and previous research, (P.g 20).

question

Evidence Based Practice (EBPP)

answer

Practices that integrate the best available research with the insights of expert practitioners and knowledge of characteristics, culture, and preferences of the client, (P.g 20).

question

Empirical Analysis

answer

Analysis based upon systematically collected data, (P.g 22).

question

Development

answer

Orderly, adaptive changes we go through between conception and death that remain for a reasonably long period of time, (P.g 34).

question

Physical Development

answer

Changes in body structure and function over time, (P.g 34).

question

Personal Development

answer

Changes in personality that take place as a person grows, (P.g 34).

question

Social Development

answer

Changes over time in the way we relate to others, (P.g 34).

question

Cognitive Development

answer

Gradual, orderly changes by which mental processes become more complex and sophisticated, (P.g 34).

question

Maturation

answer

Genetically programmed, naturally occurring changes over time, (P.g 34).

question

Currant views on the source of development emphasize...

answer

...complex coactions (joint actions) of nature and nurture" (P.g 35).

question

Qualitative (quality) Discontinuous Change

answer

development that occurs in distinct steps or stages, (P.g 35).

question

Quantitative (quantity) Continuous Change

answer

gradual development in which achievements at one level build on those of previous levels, (P.g 35).

question

Sensitive Periods

answer

Times when a person is especially ready for or responsive to certain experiences, (P.g 35).

question

3 General Principles of Development

answer

1)People develop at different rates, 2)Development is relatively orderly, 3)Development takes place gradually

question

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

answer

measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow, (P.g 37).

question

Event-related potential (ERP)

answer

measures brain activity by detecting the electrical activity of the brain through the skull or scalp, (P.g 37).

question

Positron emission tomography (PET)

answer

A method of localizing and measuring brain activity using computer assisted motion pictures of the brain, (P.g 37).

question

Neurons

answer

Nerve cells that store and transfer information; the gray matter of the brain (P.g 37).

question

Neurogenesis

answer

The production of new neurons. This occurs into adulthood (P.g 37).

question

Synapses

answer

The tiny space between neurons --chemical messages are sent across these gaps, (P.g 37).

question

Glial cells

answer

Cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons. It's the white matter of the brain which greatly outnumbers neurons, (P.g 37-38).

question

Myelination

answer

The process by which neutral fibers are coated with a fatty sheath called myelin that makes message transfer more efficient, (P.g 38).

question

experience-expectant

answer

when synapses are overproduced in certain parts of the brain during specific developmental periods, awaiting (expecting) stimulation, (P.g 38).

question

experience-dependent

answer

synaptic connections are formed based on an individual's experiences, like trying to learn a second language (P.g 38).

question

Cerebral Cortex

answer

The part of the brain where information processing takes place. Divided into four lobes, (P.g 39).

question

Lateralization

answer

The specialization of the two hemispheres of the brain cortex. One hemisphere is more efficient than the other in performing certain functions, (P.g 40).

question

"No mental activity is exhaustively the work of...

answer

...a single part of the brain --so there is no such thing as a "right brained student" unless the left hemisphere has been lopped off, (P.g 40).

question

Plasticity

answer

The brain's tendency to remain somewhat adaptable or flexible, (P.g 40).

question

adolescents' have high horsepower but...

answer

...poor steering. Much like adults in low stress situations, but impulsive and risk taking in high stress situations, (P.g 40-41).

question

Neuroimaging and other brain monitoring systems used for reading research offer...

answer

...suggestive rather than completely empirical links between how the brain learns..., (P.g 43).

question

Learning will be more effective if educators help to...

answer

...minimize stress and fear at school, teach emotional regulation strategies, teach a positive learning environment and motivate students, (P.g 43).

question

There are multiple ways to both teach and...

answer

...learn a skill, depending on the student, (P.g 45).

question

Learners are likely to have preferred modes of processing as well as...

answer

...varying capabilities in these modes, (P.g 45).

question

The brain can change, but it takes time, so teachers must be...

answer

...consistent, patient, and compassionate in teaching and reteaching in different ways, (P.g 46).

question

Information that is not linked to existing knowledge..

answer

...will be easily forgotten. Therefore teachers should tie in new information to what students already understand, (P.g 46).

question

So students can build enduring, useful, knowledge categories...

answer

...general concepts should be emphasized over small specific facts, (P.g 46).

question

Social Transmission

answer

The transfer or spread of information, throughout a group of people, (P.g 49).

question

Organization

answer

ongoing process of arranging information and experience into mental systems or categories, (P.g 49).

question

Adaptation

answer

Ajustment to the environment, (P.g 49).

question

Schemes

answer

Mental systems or categories of perception and experience, (P.g 49).

question

Assimilation

answer

Fitting new experiences into existing mental schemas, (P.g 49).

question

Accommodation

answer

Altering existing schemes or creating new ones in response to new information, (P.g 49).

question

Equilibration

answer

search for mental balance between cognitive schemes and information from the environment, (P.g 49).

question

Disequilibrium

answer

The "out of balance" state that occurs when a person realizes that his or her currant ways of thinking are not working to solve a problem or understand a situation, (P.g 50).

question

Sensorimotor

answer

Involving the senses and motor activity

question

Object permanence

answer

The understanding that objects have a separate, permanent existance, (P.g 50).

question

Sensorimotor Stage

answer

0-2 yrs; learns through reflexes, senses, movement. Begins to imitate others, remember events and initiate intentional activity, (P.g 51).

question

Preoperational Stage

answer

2-7 yrs; develops language, uses symbols to represent objects, thinks i. present, has difficulty understanding other points of view, (P.g 51).

question

Concrete Operational Stage

answer

7-11 yrs; can think logically about hands on problems, organizes into categories. Can reverse thinking to undo actions. Understands past, present, and future, (P.g 51).

question

Formal Operational Stage

answer

11+ years; thinks hypothetically and deductively. Solves abstract problems logically. Considers multiple perspectives. Develops concerns about social issues, personal identity and justice, (P.g 51).

question

Absece Seizure

answer

A seizure involving only a small part of the brain that causes a child to lose contact briefly.

question

Academic Language

answer

The entire range of language used in elementary, secondary, and university-level schools including words, concepts, strategies, and processes from academic subjects.

question

Academic Learning Time

answer

Time when students are actually succeeding at at the learning task.

question

Academic Tasks

answer

The work the student must accomplish, including the product expected, resources available, and the mental operations required.

question

Accountable

answer

Making teachers and schools responsible for student learning, usually by monitoring learning with high-stakes tests.

question

Achievement Tests

answer

Standardized tests measuring how much students have learned in a given content area.

question

Acronym

answer

Technique for remembering by using the first letter of each word in a phrase to form a new memorable word.

question

Action Zone

answer

Area of a classroom where the greatest amount of interaction takes place.

question

Active Teaching

answer

Teaching characterized by high levels of teacher explanation, demonstration, and interaction with students.

question

Adaptive Teaching

answer

Provides all the students with challenging instruction and uses supports when needed, but removes these supports as students become able to handle more on their own.

question

Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP)

answer

Objectives for yearly improvement for all students and for specific groups such as students from major ethnic and racial groups, students with disabilities, students from low-income families, and students whose English is limited, (P.g 12).

question

Adolescent Egocentrisim

answer

The assumption that everyone else shares ones thoughts, feelings, and concerns.

question

Advance Organizer

answer

Statement of inclusive concepts to introduce and sum up material that follows; a statement that warns the audience that important information is to follow.

question

Affective Domain

answer

Objectives focusing on attitudes and feelings; the area of learning that involves attitudes, values, and emotions.

question

Algorithim

answer

Step-by-step procedure for solving a problem; a prescription for solutions.

question

Allocated Time

answer

Time set aside for learning.

question

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA)

answer

Federal legislation prohibiting discrimination against persons with disabilities in employment, transportation, public access, local government, and telecommunications.

question

Analogical Thinking

answer

Heuristic in which one limits the search for solutions to situations that are similar to the one at hand.

question

Anorexia nervosa

answer

An eating disorder characterized by very limited food intake.

question

Antecedents

answer

Events that precede an action.

question

Anxiety

answer

General uneasiness, a feeling of tension.

question

Applied Behavior Analysis

answer

The application of behavioral learning principles to understand and change behavior.

question

Appropriating

answer

Being able to internalize or take for yourself knowledge and skills developed in interaction with others or with cultural tools.

question

Argumentation

answer

The process of debating a claim with someone else.

question

Arousal

answer

Physical and psychological reactions causing a person to feel alert, attentive, wide-awake, excited or tense.

question

Articulation Disorders

answer

Any of a variety of pronunciation difficulties, such as substitution, distortion, or omission of sounds. Ex: Stuttering

question

Assertive Discipline

answer

Clear, firm, un-hostile response style.

question

Assessment

answer

Procedures used to obtain information about student performance.

question

Attention

answer

Focus on a stimulus.

question

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

answer

Currant term for disruptive behavior disorders marked by overactivity, excessive difficulty sustaining attention, or impulsiveness.

question

Attribution Theories

answer

Descriptions of how individuals' explanations, justifications, and excuses influence their motivation and behavior.

question

Authentic Assesments

answer

Assessment procedures that test skills and abilities as they would be applied in real-life situations.

question

Authentic Task

answer

Tasks that have some connection to real-life problems the students will face outside the classroom.

question

Autisim/ Autisim spectrum disorder

answer

Developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction, generally evident before age 3 and ranging from mild to major.

question

Automated Basic Skills

answer

Skills that are applied without conscious thought.

question

Automaticity

answer

The ability to preform thoroughly learned tasks without much mental effort.

question

Availability Heuristic

answer

Tendency to estimate the probability of certain events in terms of how readily they come to mind.

question

Balanced Bilingualism

answer

Adding a second language capability without losing your heritage language.

question

Basic Skils

answer

Clearly structured knowledge that is needed for later learning and can be taught step-by-step.

question

Behavioral Modification

answer

shaping behavior through rewards and punishments

question

Behavioral Learning Theories

answer

Explanations of learning that emphasize observable changes in behavior.

question

Behavioral Objectives

answer

Instructional objectives stated in terms of observable behaviors.

question

Being Needs

answer

Maslow's three higher level needs, sometimes called growth needs.

question

Maslow's Hierarchy of needs

answer

(base to top) Physical needs, security needs, social needs, esteem needs, self actualization needs

question

Belief Perseverance

answer

The tendency to hold onto beliefs, even in the face of contradictory evidence.

question

Bilingual

answer

Speaking two languages and dealing appropriately with two different cultures.

question

Bioecological model - Bronfenbrenner's Theory

answer

describes the nested social and cultural contexts that shape development.

question

Microsystem

answer

the people and objects in an individual's immediate environment

question

Mesosystem

answer

in the bioecological model, the interconnections among immediate, or microsystem, settings.

question

Exosystem

answer

Societal institutions (government, community, schools, place of worship, and local media)

question

Macrosystem

answer

consists of cultural values, laws, customs, and resources

question

Chronosystem

answer

In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological model, changes in ecological systems that are caused by time.

question

Blended Families

answer

Parents, children, and stepchildren merged into families through remarriages.

question

Body Mass Index (BMI)

answer

A measurement that allows you to assess your body size, taking your height and weight into account.

question

Bottom-up Processing

answer

Perceiving based on noticing separate defining features and assembling them into a recognizable pattern.

question

Brainstorming

answer

Generating ideas without stopping to evaluate them.

question

Bulimia

answer

Eating Disorder characterized by overeating, then getting rid of the food by self-induced vomiting or laxatives.

question

CAPS

answer

A strategie used when reading literature: Character, Aim of story, Problem, Solution.

question

Central Executive

answer

In Baddeley & Hitch's model, element of working memory that controls the processing of information, attention, and other mental resources.

question

Central Tendency

answer

A measure that represents the typical response or test score of a group as a whole; Mean, Median, Mode

question

Cerebral Palsy

answer

Condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, and other neurologic deficiencies due to brain damage.

question

Chain Mnemonics

answer

Memory strategies that associate one element in a series with the next element.

question

Chunking

answer

Grouping individual bits of data into meaningful larger units.

question

Classical Conditioning

answer

Association of automatic responses with new stimuli.

question

Classification

answer

Grouping objects into categories.

question

Classroom Assessments

answer

these are selected and created by teachers and can take many different forms --unit tests, essays, portfolios, projects, performances, oral presentations, etc.

question

Classroom Management

answer

techniques used to maintain a healthy learning environment, relatively free of behavior problems

question

Cloud Computing

answer

Allows computer users to access applications, such as Google documents or Microsoft Web Mail, as well as computing assets such as network-accessible data storage and processing to use online applications.

question

Cmaps

answer

Tools for concept mapping developed by the Institute for Human and Machine Cognition that are connected to many knowledge maps and other resources on the internet.

question

Coactions

answer

Joint actions of individual biology and the environments --each shapes and influences the other.

question

Co-constructed Process

answer

A social process in which people interact and negotiate (usually verbally) to create an understanding or to solve a problem. The final product is shaped by all participants.

question

Code-switching

answer

Moving between two speech forms.

question

Cognitive apprenticeship

answer

A relationship in which a less experienced learner acquires knowledge and skills under the guidance of an expert.

question

Cognitive behavior modification

answer

Procedures based on both behavioral and cognitive learning principles for changing your own behavior by using self-talk and self-instruction.

question

Cognitive evaluation theory

answer

Suggests that events affect motivation through the individual's perception of the events as controlling behavior or providing information.

question

Cognitive load

answer

The volume of resources necessary to complete a task.

question

Cognitive Objectives

answer

Instructional objectives stated in terms of higher-level thinking operations.

question

Cognitive Evaluation Theory

answer

Suggests that events affect motivation through the individual's perception of the events as controlling behavior or providing information.

question

Cognitive Load

answer

The volume of resources necessary to complete a task.

question

Cognitive Science

answer

The interdisciplinary study of thinking, language, intelligence, knowledge creation, and the brain.

question

Cognitive View of Learning

answer

A general approach that views learning as an active mental process of acquiring, remembering, and using knowledge.

question

Collaboration

answer

A philosophy about how to relate to other --how to learn and work.

question

Collective Monologue

answer

Form of speech in which children in a group talk but do not really interact or communicate.

question

"Commitment" in Marcia's theory of identity statuses

answer

An individuals' choices concerning political and religious beliefs, for example, usually as a consequence of exploring the options.

question

Community of Practice

answer

Social situation or context in which ideas are judged useful or true.

question

Compensation

answer

The principle that, changes in one dimension can be offset by changes in another.

question

Complex Learning Environments

answer

Problems and learning situations that mimic the ill-structured nature of real life

question

Concept

answer

A category used to group similar events, ideas, objects or people.

question

Concept Map

answer

A diagram showing relationships between different ideas or concepts

question

Concrete Operations

answer

Mental tasks tied to concrete objects and situations.

question

Conditioned Response (CR)

answer

A reaction that resembles an unconditioned response but is produced by a conditioned stimulus

question

Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

answer

A formerly neutral stimulus that acquires the capacity to elicit a reflexive response.

question

Confidence Interval

answer

Range of scores within which an individual's score is likely to fall.

question

Confirmation Bias

answer

Seeking information that confirms our choices and beliefs, while dis-confirming evidence.

question

Constructionism

answer

How public knowledge in disciplines such as science, math, economics, or history is constructed

question

Constructionist Approach

answer

View that emphasizes the active role of the learner in building understanding and making sense of information.

question

Context

answer

The physical or emotional backdrop associated with an event.

question

Contiguity

answer

Association of two events because of repeated pairing.

question

Contingency Contract

answer

Formal agreement on behavior change, reinforcements, penalties; specifying what a student must do to earn a particular reward or privilege.

question

Continuous Reinforcement Schedule

answer

The reinforcing of a behavior every time it occurs.

question

Convergent Questions

answer

Questions that have a single correct answer.

question

Convergent Thinking

answer

Narrowing possibilities to a singe answer.

question

Cooperative Learning

answer

The use of groups; emphasizes the social nature of learning; students work in small mixed-ability groups.

question

Co-regulation

answer

A transitional phase during which students gradually appropriate self-regulated learning skills. OR -a period in which parents and children jointly control children's behavior

question

Criterion-referenced grading

answer

Assessment of each student's mastery of course objectives.

question

Criterion-referenced testing

answer

Testing in which scores are compared to a set performance standard

question

Critical Periods

answer

If learning doesn't happen during these periods it never will.

question

Critical Thinking

answer

Evaluating conclusions by logically and systematically examining a problem, the evidence, and the solution.

question

Crystallized Intelligence

answer

Ability to apply culturally culturally approved problem-solving methods.

question

Cueing

answer

Providing a stimulus that "sets-up" a desired behavior.

question

Cultural deficit model

answer

A model that explains the school achievement problems of ethnic minority students by assuming that their culture in inadequate and does not prepare them to succeed in school.

question

Cultural Tools

answer

The real tools (computers, scales, etc.) and symbol systems (numbers, language, graphs) that allow people in a society to communicate, think, solve problems, and create knowledge.

question

Culturally Relevant Pedagogy

answer

Teaching methods for students of differing cultures to increase academic success and competence.

question

Culturally Responsive Management

answer

Taking cultural meanings and styles into account when developing management plans and responding to students.

question

Culture

answer

The knowledge, values, attitudes and traditions that guide the behavior of a group of people and allow them to solve the problems of living in their environment.

question

Culture-fair/Culture free test

answer

A test that eliminates cultural difference that could affect performance; a test without cultural bias.

question

Cyber Aggression

answer

Using social media to spread rumors, make threats or otherwise terrorize peers.

question

Decay

answer

The weakening and fading of memories with the passage of time.

question

Decentering

answer

Focusing on more than one aspect at a time.

question

Declarative Knowledge

answer

Verbal information that is factual; knowing that something is the case.

question

Deficiency Needs

answer

Maslow's four lower-level needs, which must be satisfied first.

question

Defining Attribute

answer

Qualities that connect members of a group to a specific concept

question

Developmental Crisis

answer

A specific conflict whose resolution prepares the way for the next stage.

question

Deviation IQ

answer

Score based on a statistical comparison of an individual's performance

STUDY

Asking For Clarification Interpersonal Communication Speaker And Listener

COM 252 EXAM 2 35 terms

Keisha White

35 terms

Preview

COM 252 EXAM 2

question

You might put up your hand or vocalize your pauses to indicate that you have not finished and aren't ready for someone else to speak. This is demonstrative of which way nonverbal messages interact with verbal messages?

answer

Control

question

Brianna focuses on saving money, working hard in college, and preparing for the future. Her time orientation is most likely:

answer

Future Orientation

question

Sam sits on the bus and decides to set his backpack and grocery bags on the seat next to him so that no one sits next to him. He wants to claim a certain amount of space for a comfortable bus ride. In this situation, Soto is displaying

answer

Territoriality

question

Paralanguage is

answer

the vocal bu nonverbal dimension of speech

question

_________________ theory holds that people typically react negatively to unexpected behavior, but people may evaluate some unexpected behavior more positively than normal behavior (for instance, when someone you like unexpectedly gives you a hug).

answer

expectancy violations

question

The listening process is

answer

circular

question

Which of the following is the correct order of the stages of listening

answer

. receiving, understanding, remembering, evaluating, responding

question

At this stage, you distinguish facts from opinions and identify any biases the speaker might have

answer

evaluating

question

Which of the following is a characteristic of the listening process presented in your textbook

answer

speaker and listener working together to achieve a common understanding

question

In the sentence, \"I might be mistaken, but I think you are putting that together incorrectly,\" \"I might be mistaken,\" is an example of

answer

Hedging

question

True or False: Short presidential candidates have a better record of winning elections than do their taller record of winning elections than do their taller opponents.opponents.

answer

False

question

The appropriate distance for a social relationship is:

answer

4Ft to 12Ft

question

Brianna focuses on saving money, working hard in college, and preparing for the future. Her time in college, and preparing for the future. Her time orientation is most likely:orientation is mos

answer

Future orientation

question

Sally holds her hand up with her palm out to indicate, \"do not interrupt.\" This is an example of indicate, \"do not interrupt.\" This is an example of

answer

Regulator

question

In China, yellow signifies wealth and authority, and in the U.S. it signifies caution and cowardice. and in the U.S. it signifies caution and cowardice. This is an example of what type of nonverbal This is an example of what type of nonverbal communication?

answer

Artificial communication

question

Bernie often uses words that would be unrecognizable to individuals outside his farming unrecognizable to individuals outside his farming career. These words would be considered:career. These words would be considered

answer

Jargon

question

Jane knows that her religious beliefs may prevent her from appreciating the class prevent her from appreciating the class speaker's point of view, so she tries to recognize speaker's point of view, so she tries to recognize her own biases in order to improve:her own biases in order to improve

answer

Non judgmental listening

question

When Derek speaks, Kody nods his head and moves closer. This is an example of:moves closer. This is an example of

answer

giving supportive listening cues

question

listening, you attempt to feel as the speaker feels.

answer

empathetic

question

Assuming you already know what the speaker is going to say is an example of which listening going to say is an example of which listening barrier?

answer

premature judgment

question

Robert feels he cannot express his true emotions in public for fear of appearing weak. This is an in public for fear of appearing weak. This is an example of _______. example o

answer

the cowboy syndrome

question

The inability to engage in emotional communication is called _______.communication is called

answer

dyssemia

question

According to the text, emotions are influenced by the following factors: culture, personality, gender, the following factors: culture, personality, gender, and _______.and

answer

Relationships

question

In regard to emotions, ________ determine what is permissible in a situation.

answer

Display Rules

question

Research has shown that emotional ________ means emotions can spread from person to means emotions can spread from person to person.person.

answer

Contagion

question

Staying on topic with what is relevant to the conversation follows the maxim of _______.conversation follows the maxim of

answer

Relation

question

_______ functions as a way of relating to another person positively and immediately.another person positively and immediately

answer

compliment

question

When Reggie told his instructor, \"I need you to give me a makeup test,\" he was violating the give me a makeup test,\" he was violating the maxim of _______.maxim of

answer

tact

question

Regina tells Gretchen, \"Wow! It looks like you've finally lost a few pounds\". This is an example of finally lost a few pounds\". This is an example of _________.

answer

a backhand compliment

question

To settle the crowd down and get down to business, Carl says, \"Okay folks, let's get this business, Carl says, \"Okay folks, let's get this meeting started.\" This is an example of _______.meeting started.\" This is an example of

answer

feedforward

question

In the cognitive labeling theory, which of the following comes first?following comes first?

answer

an event occurs

question

True or False? In common sense theory, the final stage is interpreting the emotional arousal and deciding interpreting the emotional arousal and deciding what emotion you are experiencing.what emotion you are experiencing

answer

false

question

theory holds that people typically react negatively to unexpected typically react negatively to unexpected behavior, but people may evaluate some behavior, but people may evaluate some unexpected behavior more positively than unexpected behavior more positively than normal behavior (for instance, when someone normal behavior (for instance, when someone you like unexpectedly gives you a hug).you like unexpectedly gives you a hug)

answer

Expectancy violation theory

question

According to ________ theory, you can develop close relationships in both face-to-face and close relationships in both face-to-face and online contexts.online contexts

answer

Social Information processing theory

question

In the James-Lange theory of emotional stages, which event occurs last?which event occurs last

answer

you experience an emotion

STUDY

Asking For Clarification Conflict Conflict Theory Interpersonal Communication Love

Ch 9 Mult – Flashcards 35 terms

Ewan Tanner

35 terms

Preview

Ch 9 Mult – Flashcards

question

Which one of the following statements is true about conflict in relationships?

answer

Conflict is inevitable in all interpersonal relationships.

question

According to Eric Berne, games:

answer

hide the real issues in a conflict.

question

Zach believes that in conflict situations the goal is to find a solution that all those involved can accept. Zach's orientation to conflict is best described as:

answer

win-win.

question

Lenny says, "I don't like to lose arguments. The way I figure it, when you have a disagreement there can be only one winner." Lenny's orientation to conflict is best described as:

answer

win-lose

question

Janet believes that nobody can win when conflict erupts. From her perspective, everyone is hurt by conflicts. Janet's orientation to conflict is best described as:

answer

lose-lose.

question

The most active and interpersonally constructive response to relational conflict is:

answer

Voice,

question

The most interpersonally constructive passive response to relational conflict is:

answer

Loyalty

question

Constructive conflict communication includes:

answer

Agenda building.

question

The ____ response to interpersonal conflict is both destructive and passive.

answer

Neglect

question

Specific communication behaviors that contribute to unproductive interpersonal conflict include all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

asking questions for clarification.

question

Desi and Consuela are arguing about how to spend the tax refund they received. He says they should get the car fixed; she says they should first go on a vacation; he then suggests they fix the car and use any money left to vacation; she suggests they sell the car and be rid of the problem. Desi and Consuela are engaging in which pattern of unproductive conflict?

answer

counterproposals

question

Desi then says, "Well, if you hadn't wrecked the car, it wouldn't need repairs and it wouldn't be a problem." Consuela replies, "Yeah, and if you had been home when you said you'd be, I wouldn't have driven that day." Now Desi and Consuela are engaging in what conflict pattern?

answer

cross-complaining

question

All of the following are distinct ways North Americans respond to relational distress EXCEPT:

answer

cognitive complexity

question

All of the following are forms of constructive communication EXCEPT:

answer

counterproposals

question

All of the following are forms of unproductive communication EXCEPT:

answer

validation of each other

question

The opposite or unproductive communication of dual perspective is:

answer

preoccupation with self

question

The opposite or unproductive communication of sensitive listening is:

answer

poor listening

question

The opposite or unproductive communication of useful metacommunication is:

answer

excessive metacommunication

question

The opposite or unproductive communication of recognition of each other is:

answer

cross-complaining

question

The opposite or unproductive communication of focus on specific issues is:

answer

kitchen-sinking

question

The opposite or unproductive communication of negative affect is:

answer

positive affect

question

The opposite or unproductive communication of frequent interruptions is:

answer

infrequent interruptions

question

The opposite or unproductive communication of self-summarizing by both parties is:

answer

summarizing the concerns

question

The opposite or unproductive communication of asking for clarification is:

answer

hostile mind reading

question

All of the following are five principles of interpersonal conflict EXCEPT:

answer

conflict can be destructive for individuals and relationships.

question

All of the following are conflict management skills. EXCEPT:

answer

look for points of disagreement

question

Each of the following are Japanese styles of negotiation EXCEPT:

answer

work to make sure that neither you nor the other person succeeds

question

All of the following are American styles of negotiation EXCEPT:

answer

push to reach decisions cautiously

question

The ____ stages of constructive conflict is marked by what Gottman calls agenda building.

answer

middle

question

In this stage, attention shifts to resolving the tension and partners engage in contradicting.

answer

later

question

All of the following are conflict management skills except:

answer

listening mindlessly

question

In regards to on the job conflict, it is ____.

answer

coommon

question

In this stage, the foundation of constructive management of conflict is established long before a specific disagreement is aired.

answer

early

question

In this stage of unproductive conflict tend to be marked by infrequent interruptions that disrupt the flow of talk.

answer

middle

question

In this stage, in unproductive conflict this involves meeting proposals with counter-proposals, in constructive conflict people continue to collaborate.

answer

later

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