Module 54 – Flashcard

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A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be using a(n) _____ approach.
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eclectic
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The psychoanalytic and humanistic therapies are often referred to as _____ therapies.
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insight
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Who developed the therapy that teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting, which is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and emotional reactions?
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Aaron Beck
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Interpersonal therapy is a variation of psychodynamic therapy and typically involves _____ sessions.
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12-16
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Reinforcing desired behaviors, and withholding reinforcement for undesired behaviors is known as:
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behavior modification.
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This is a widely practiced integrative therapy which aims not only to alter the way people think, but also to alter the way they act.
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cognitive-behavioral therapy
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Two mental health reform pioneers are the American, Dorothea Dix, and the French doctor, _____.
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Philippe Pinel
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This therapy progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.
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virtual reality exposure therapy
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While _____ focused on revealing the absurdity of people's self-defeating ideas through a more confrontational approach, _____ sought to reverse catastrophizing beliefs people have about themselves through the use of gentle questioning.
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Albert Ellis; Aaron Beck
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Interpersonal psychotherapy is a variation on psychodynamic therapy. It is different because:
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its goal is symptom relief in the here and now, and it focuses primarily on current relationships.
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The three main features that humanistic therapists hope to exhibit are:
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genuineness, acceptance, and empathy.
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He was originally trained in psychoanalytic techniques but invented his own therapy to try to reverse clients' catastrophizing beliefs about themselves.
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Aaron Beck
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Psychological and biological therapies differ in their _____.
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focus in treatment
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These therapists have attempted to reduce the inner conflicts that are impeding natural developmental growth by providing clients with new insights.
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humanistic
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Aaron Beck's therapy teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting. It is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions, and is called:
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cognitive therapy.
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At his weekly therapy session, Henry became agitated at his therapist, saying that she was controlling, domineering, and trying to ruin his life with all of her mothering. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates _____.
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transference
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Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of:
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enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted.
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In general, for up to _____ minutes a week, the group therapist guides the interactions of a group of people as they engage issues and react to one another.
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90
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Sam suffers from schizophrenia, known to be a brain-based disorder. Because of this, he should choose _____ therapy.
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a combination of biomedical and psychological
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This form of treatment associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).
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aversive conditioning
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He has offered stress-inoculation training that entails teaching people to restructure their thinking in stressful situations.
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Donald Meichenbaum
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Psychodynamic therapy is based on the premise that:
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people unconsciously avoid issues that are painful.
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This perspective has emphasized people's inherent potential for self-fulfillment.
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humanistic
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These disorders share the common problem of emotion regulation.
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anxiety and mood disorders
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The introduction of therapeutic drugs and community-based treatment programs in the _____ helped to empty large mental hospitals as well as mark an era of improved treatments.
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1950s
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The psychoanalytic and humanistic therapies are often referred to as _____ therapies.
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insight
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According to the text, one analysis of online support groups and more than _____ self-help groups reports that most support groups focus on stigmatized or hard-to-discuss illnesses.
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14,000
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A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be using a(n) _____ approach.
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eclectic
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This is a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors.
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counterconditioning
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This therapy seeks to make people aware of their irrational negative thinking and to replace it with new ways of thinking.
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cognitive-behavioral therapy
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The introduction of therapeutic drugs and community-based treatment programs in the decade of the _____ helped to empty large mental hospitals as well as mark an era of improved treatments.
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1950s
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The three main features that humanistic therapists hope to exhibit are genuineness, _____, and empathy.
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acceptance
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The oldest of support groups, _____, reported having more than 2 million members in 114,000 groups worldwide in 2012.
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AA
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Who emphasized the importance of transference in the therapeutic process?
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Sigmund Freud
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Humanistic therapists focus on _____ thoughts.
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Conscious
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_____ is the therapeutic technique intended to help patients gain insight into repressed impulses and conflicts.
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Interpretation
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When patients in psychoanalysis begins to have feelings toward their therapist such as love or hatred, and those feelings are linked to other relationships they have had or have, they are experiencing:
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transference.
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This therapy assumes that no person is an island, and that people live and grow in relation to others, especially their families.
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family therapy
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Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Sanchez remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Sanchez's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for his inability to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is most representative of _____ therapy.
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cognitive
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When a patient in psychoanalysis blocks anxiety-laden material from their consciousness he or she is experiencing _____.
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resistance
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This is a caring, accepting, and nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed to be conducive to developing self-awareness and self-acceptance.
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unconditional positive regard
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Sherry recognizes that depressed people do not exhibit the same self-serving bias common in non-depressed people. She is MOST likely a:
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cognitive therapist.
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Patrick suffers from depression. Whenever something bad happens, he tends to blame himself or overgeneralizes the extent of the situation. To address Patrick's depression, his therapist is attempting to teach him more adaptive ways of thinking. The therapist's approach is MOST representative of:
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cognitive therapy.
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_____ applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.
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Behavior therapy
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Aaron is undergoing Army basic training. He is being taught to reduce incapacitating anxiety by saying things to himself that enhance a sense of control during anxiety-producing situations. This best illustrates _____.
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stress inoculation training
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Glenn suffers from depression. He frequently thinks of situations as overwhelmingly bad, with no hope of future improvement. Glenn would most benefit from _____ therapy.
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Aaron Beck's cognitive
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This is a form of empathetic listening.
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active
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Classical psychoanalysts are especially interested in interpreting the meaning of clients' _____ to therapeutic procedures.
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resistance
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The following are examples of how humanistic therapists differ from psychoanalytic therapists EXCEPT humanistic therapists:
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attempt to reduce growth-impeding inner conflicts by providing clients with insight.
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Mark suffers from a great deal of irrational thoughts that affect his social life. He would benefit MOST from ______therapy.
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cognitive-behavioral
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Except for traditional _____, most therapies may also occur in small groups.
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psychoanalysis
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_____ is the process of prescribing medication or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology.
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Biomedical therapy
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If one wants to listen more actively in one's own relationships, these three traits may help.
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paraphrase, invite clarification, and reflect feelings
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During a therapy session, Jenny focuses on several intrusive thoughts that have been bothering her. The therapist tells Jenny to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Jenny's therapist is using a technique known as:
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free association.
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Nadine has decided to seek help for some problems she is having. She knows a little about different therapies and has decided she does not want to get involved in anything long-term. However, she does want to gain insight into the roots of her difficulties and is drawn to psychodynamic therapy. If Nadine wants to gain insight into current issues, rather than delve into the past, she should try to find a therapist who specializes in _____ psychotherapy.
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interpersonal
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Family therapists view the family as a
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system.
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Mary's therapist refers to her as a client. Mary's therapist has a _____ perspective.
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humanistic
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Humanistic therapists focus on _____ thoughts.
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consciuos
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_____ can be described as the use of psychological techniques to increase understanding and treat emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems.
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Psychotherapy
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The treatment of depression with ECT and antidepressant drugs best illustrates
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biomedical therapy.
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Dr. Hernandez is a clinical psychologist who uses a variety of psychotherapies with his patients depending on their disorder. Dr. Hernandez's approach would be best described as:
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eclectic.
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During her weekly therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly shift the focus of her attention and lose her train of thought. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:
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resistance.
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Psychoanalysts are especially interested in:
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interpreting the meaning of clients' resistance to therapeutic procedures.
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_____ in psychoanalysis is the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.
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Interpretation
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Who emphasized the importance of active listening in the process of psychotherapy?
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Carl Rogers
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According to Carl Rogers, the client-centered therapist ideally should demonstrate:
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genuineness, unconditional positive regard, and empathic understanding.
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Client-centered therapists are most likely to:
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restate and clarify what clients say during the course of therapy.
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Systematic desensitization is a form of:
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exposure therapy.
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In a residential treatment facility for troubled youth, adolescent children receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The adolescents return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch TV. This best illustrates an application of:
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operant conditioning.
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O. H. Mowrer trained children to discontinue bed-wetting by arranging for an alarm to sound each time they wet their beds. This technique best illustrates a therapeutic application of:
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classical conditioning.
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Aaron Beck's therapy teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting, and is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions. This therapy is called:
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cognitive therapy
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Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Sanchez remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Sanchez's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for having been unable to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is most representative of:
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cognitive therapy.
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Persuading depressed patients to reverse their catastrophizing beliefs about themselves and their futures is most characteristic of:
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Beck's cognitive therapy.
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To help Mrs. Otsuki lose weight, her therapist first attempted to assess whether her weight loss might be personally threatening to her husband. The therapist's concern is most characteristic of a ______ therapist.
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family
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Which of the following is NOT an advantage of group therapy over individual therapy?
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The client can establish a deeply personal, intimate relationship with the therapist.
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Many self-help groups have emulated the use of ________ by Alcoholics Anonymous.
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a 12-step program
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