Organizational behavior is an applied behavioral science that is built on contributions from a number of behavioral disciplines (Wagner JA, Hollenbeck JR.
1995). Organizational behavior is the study of the many factors that have an impact on how individuals and groups respond to and act in organizations and how organizations manage their environments. In his essay, it will present that what these contributing disciplines are and how do they contribute to OB.These disciplines that contribute OB are psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology and political scientists.
The predominant areas are psychology (e. g. Learning, Emotion), sociology (e. g.
Communication, Intergroup Behavior), social psychology (e. g. Behavioral change, Attitude change), anthropology (e. g. Organizational culture, Comparative Values), and political science (e.
g. Conflict, Introraganizational Politics Power) (Robbins SP, Millett, B & Water-Marsh, T, 2004).First of all, psychology is the scien
...ce that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals (Robbins SP, Millett, B & Water-Marsh, T, 2004). Psychology has greatly contributed to the intra – individual dynamics of the human behavior. In other words, intra- personal aspects of organizational behavior like motivation, personality, perception, attitude, opinion and learning owe their study to psychology.
While psychology focuses on the individual, sociology studies people in relation to their fellow human beings (Robbins SP, Millett, B & Water-Marsh, T, 2004). Specifically, sociologists have made their greatest contribution to OB through their study of group behavior in organizations, particularly formal and complex organizations. Sociologists have enriched organizational behavior through their contribution to the study if interpersonal dynamics like leadership, group dynamics, communication, formation of groups, formal and informal organizations, and the like.Here come the social psychology
blends concepts from both psychology and sociology (Robbins SP, Millett, B & Water-Marsh, T, 2004). It focuses on the influence of the people on one another.
Additionally social psychology is useful in the areas of measuring, understanding and changing attitudes; communication patterns; the ways in which group activities can satisfy individual needs; and group decision making process. With the anthropology, it is the study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities (Robbins SP, Millett, B & Water-Marsh, T, 2004).For instance, anthropologists’ work on cultures and environments has helped us understand differences in fundamental values, attitudes, and behavior between people in different countries and within different organizations. Although frequently overlooked, the contributions of political scientists are significantly to the understanding of behavior in organizations (Robbins SP, Millett, B & Water-Marsh, T, 2004). Political science studies the behavior of individuals and groups within a political environment.
Specific topics of concern here include the structuring of conflict, allocation of power, and how people manipulate power for individual self-interest. In conclusion, organizational behavior can help managers to cope in a world and learn ways to innovation. Finally, Ob can be a guidance that offers to managers in creating an ethically healthy work climate.Reference: Wagner JA & Hollenbeck JR, 1995, Management of organizational behavior, 2nd edn, Prentice-Hall, mc:Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Robbins SP, Millett, B & Water-Marsh, T, 2004, Organisational Behaviour, Pearson Education Australia, Frenchs Forest NSW.
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