Mejia, Balkin and Cardy (2005) explain that the pioneers of scientific management failed to anticipate a significant issue. Their theories were often used by organizations in a way that favored their own interests, disregarding the well-being of workers. Even though Taylor had hoped for a utopian outcome, he did not foresee the potential for his teachings to be misused.
Although often misused, Scientific Management still has positive effects that can be seen today in both modern assembly lines of factories, as well as non-industrial organizations such as fast-food services and surgical training, as acknowledged by Stoner (1999). However, things took a turn for the worse with the arrival of the Great Depression in the late 1920s, which Wren (2005) characterized as an economic, political, social, and psychological watershed in American history. Despite this period of confusion, trauma, and diversity, it was d
...uring this time that the modern era in management had begun - one that brought a new perspective on the role of government in economics and shifted production managers' focus towards people.
With the involvement of behavioral scientists in management, a new era began. Mary Parker Follet's challenge of scientific management prompted a shift towards recognizing the value of understanding psychological and social processes in improving productivity and work satisfaction. This opened up new avenues for management research, incorporating various perspectives, research tools, and ideas to shape organizational behavior and human relations.
During the age of Human Relations, the focus shifted from technology to people. The studies aimed to aid managers in motivating employees to be committed to achieving organizational goals and perform at high levels. Wren (2005) noted that two new dimensions were introduced:
more sophisticated perception of workers as human beings, and their motivation based on the work of Elton Mayo and his contemporaries.
It was demonstrated that individuals have intricate lifestyles and that organizational connections are necessary to uphold this complexity. Additionally, scientists studying behavior utilized scientific techniques to examine the behavior of people within organizations as entire units.
- Animals essays
- Charles Darwin essays
- Agriculture essays
- Archaeology essays
- Moon essays
- Space Exploration essays
- Sun essays
- Universe essays
- Birds essays
- Horse essays
- Bear essays
- Butterfly essays
- Cat essays
- Dolphin essays
- Monkey essays
- Tiger essays
- Whale essays
- Lion essays
- Elephant essays
- Mythology essays
- Time Travel essays
- Discovery essays
- Thomas Edison essays
- Linguistics essays
- Journal essays
- Chemistry essays
- Biology essays
- Physics essays
- Seismology essays
- Reaction Rate essays
- Roman Numerals essays
- Scientific Method essays
- Mineralogy essays
- Plate Tectonics essays
- Logic essays
- Genetics essays
- Albert einstein essays
- Stars essays
- Venus essays
- Mars essays
- Evolution essays
- Human Evolution essays
- Noam Chomsky essays
- Methodology essays
- Eli Whitney essays
- Fish essays
- Dinosaur essays
- Isaac Newton essays
- Progress essays
- Scientist essays
