Live Animal Export in Australia Essay Example

in capital cities around Australia to call for ban on trading live animals overseas. This report will not examine the animal export industry in other countries other than Australia. The growth of the industry as well as whether the economy has gained much profit from that will not be included .

The relationship between exporting live animals and rural communities is also beyond the scope of this report. II. Procedure In total, there are twenty resources that were referenced in this report comprising both primary and secondary sources. A number of primary resources used consist of government websites, an interview and statistical data from non-profit websites of some organizations. Most of resources chosen in the report throughout the research were secondary resources. These included online Journal articles, documentaries and reports related to the topic.

These resources were selected for some reasons. The first factor that has to be mentioned is their reliability. Resources' reliability is based on the reputation of the publishers from which they were revealed. Information containing in this report came mainly from renowned organizations, government websites as well as prominent broadcasting corporations in Australia. The second point is the relevance of knowledge and data from those sources. Information in the articles and other resources is extremely related to the issue and relevant to the main points discussed in the report.

There are several important ideas and evidence that can be used for further analysis on the topic. The difficulties encountered throughout the research report were the process of finding relevant resources and selecting the most appropriate information to support main objectives of the report. On the issue of live animal export in

Australia, general information is not difficult to find; however, it really became a problem when starting searching on particular objectives. The thing is that it is not simple to look for specific data and evidence for the major ideas to be analyses. This was a tough and time-consuming procedure. 1 .

Objective 1 :

Examining the treatment of animals that are exported during shipments and in destination countries. This objective emphasizes the treatment of animals that are exported to other countries and areas. Also, the reasons why there have been deaths of exported animals during shipments will be discovered. 2. 1 Deaths occur on board It has been noted that the major deaths of sheep and cattle exported take place during shipments. Routine mortality rates are high during even long or short haul voyages.

Sea voyages to the Middle often take up to between fourteen and twenty -one says when shipments to countries in South East Asia such as Indonesia and Philippines are not longer than ten days. According to the report from the Animals Australia, over 20 years, from 1981 to 2005, the total number of deaths of Australian animals on ships to the Middle East was more than 2,400,00. During the period from 2000 to 2011, the number of exported sheep that died on board reached a peak of approximately 78,800 in 2001 , accounted for 1. 6 percents over the total number of exported sheep. In the same period of time, although there was a decrease in average mortality rate to less than 1 percent, the number of deaths remained up to twenty thousand every year. There are several different reasons that

cause the en route moralities to happen, including these following factors:

* Suffering violent, inhumane handling Being slaughtered after having throat cut, without being made unconscious first

* Being killed illegally

* Being feed-looted for further fattening

* Being off-loaded with no enforcement of animal welfare laws Sheep arrival in the Middle East Similar to cattle, Australian exported sheep are slaughtered and treated under harsh conditions.

They are 'routinely purchased, bound, and shoved into car boots' where the temperature may reach 50 Celsius degrees in summer The footage from investigation released September, 2012 demonstrates hat there were at least 10,000 Australian sheep sent to Pakistan have been slaughtered. Moreover, the video illustrates some of animals 'being clubbed to death and others buried alive'. In brief, live animal export has been seen as an issue of Australian live stock export industry.

The routine mortality rates are extremely high due to several different factors. Furthermore, both cattle and sheep which are exported overseas have to suffer distressing and painful period of time in destination countries and areas before deaths. It seems that there is a lack of strict regulations in exported animal welfare, which may cause bellowing situations to occur. Investigating some calls for ban on live animal exports in Australia This objective looks at the factors that lead to calls for ban on animal foreign trading as well as describes some rallies for an end of exporting animals in Australia. Why there have been some calls for ban on live animal exports in Australia? For the past seven years, The Animals Australia has conducted several investigations into the treatment of live animals exported to some countries

and areas in the world, specially, Indonesia and the Middle East. Video records from these investigations have exposed that the live export industry continues to export animals to other countries despite the terrible cruelties they are suffering.

Animals face death on foreign soil, most in countries which have no animal welfare laws or inadequate laws. They will almost all be killed without pre-stunning and often without adequate restraint facilities and the result is inherent. In addition, at the beginning of 2013, the Australian live export has been hit with welfare scandals once more since the proof of the mysterious deaths of 65 cattle and pregnant cows being shipped to Mauritius were discovered. Some rallies for an end of live animal exports from Australia The fact that Australian exported animals have been suffering from harsh treatment in destination countries has led to some rallies on banning foreign animal trades from Australian people. In August, 2011, rallies on animal rights were old in capitals across Australia with the participation of hundreds of activists, with the purpose of calling for the ban on live animal trades due to the rough treatment that exported animals had been suffering .

Lyn White - the campaigner on animal rights - told that he witnessed how brutally animals be treated as he had spent six successive nights in Indonesian slaughterhouses. Simultaneously, BBC television program released the footage of cruelty to cattle and for that evidence, Australia hang on exporting to 12 slaughterhouses in Indonesia. Furthermore, in October, 2012, several rallies were also conducted at the same time by thousands of participants around the country after evidence of Australian sheep being viciously slaughtered

in Pakistan came out.

There was an accusation that half of 21,000 Australian sheep offloaded in Pakistan the month earlier had been 'clubbed, stabbed and buried alive' after being refused by Bahrain. RASPS Victorian president Hugh Worth considered those as the tip of the iceberg and also indicated hat "Australians have seen the gross reality of this trade - inhumane slaughter, animals left floating around in the middle of the ocean, and what can only be described as totally barbaric treatment of Australian animals.

Enough is enough". Greens' PM for Melbourne Adam Band believed that in order for the inhumane treatment of animals to be stopped, ending live exports is the only solution. Since results of investigations into treatment of live animal exported to some countries conducted by The Animals Australia were released, numerous of rallies eave been organized in capital cities around Australia. Participants strongly oppose to exporting live animals due to cruel treatment that they have to suffer in destination places.

It is emphasizes that exporters are responsible for guaranteeing international standards and animal welfare being applied throughout the process of exports. New rules satisfied the demands from animal rights' activists and gained support of farmers in Australia. Some major points in changes of new rules on standards of animal exports The Federal Government accepted recommendations from the Farmer Review and was in the procedure of introducing changes to improve the Australian livestock welfare.

The fundamental principles of the new regulations set out are that:

* To match up the requirements of World Organization for Animal Health standard

* To increase the ability of tracing of animals

* To 'have the system independently

audited'

* To catch up with proper 'reporting and accountability Furthermore, the Government has also managed significant changes in the reforms on 21 October 2011 which were dependent on the suggestion of the Independent Review of the live export trade by Bill Farmer AY and two Industry Government Working Group reports.

These reforms consist of major points in some aspects including:

* New supply chain assurance framework

* Domestic action

* International action

* Domestic and international assistance .

In general, the Government has taken action on the issue of mistreatment of exported welfare. There have been main changes in regulations of export standards. Although the process of changing is new, it seems to have a positive support from animal rights' activists and farmers. IV.

Conclusion The main conclusion that can be drawn is that there are several problems arising from Australian live animal export trade including routine deaths and cruel treatment in arrival nations. Since results of investigations conducted by The Animals Australia into treatment of exported animals were released, strong opposition to trading live animals overseas have been made by animal rights' activists around Australia. In addition, the Government has taken action on setting and tightening new rules on standards of animal export industry.

The research indicated that mortality rates of exported animals during shipment and in some destination countries are both high. Numerous rallies were taken place in the year of 2011 and 2012 over capital cities in Australia with the intention of calling the Government for prohibition of exporting animals. Fortunately, the Australian Government set out stricter regulations on exporting animal and applied significant changes to ensure the improvements in welfare

standards. Recommendations It is recommended that Australian exported animal welfare should be strengthened to protect them from suffering harsh conditions.