Jamestown, located in Virginia, was the initial prosperous English colony established in 1607. Before this, the Roanoke settlers had vanished.
After being granted its charter by King James I, the Virginia Company of London sent three ships to Chesapeake Bay. The settlers named their new home Jamestown after the king, but made a mistake by choosing to settle in land that was low and swampy. The colony struggled with issues like disease, raids, and internal political conflict, but was ultimately saved by a remarkable figure - Captain John Smith. Smith's boldness, worldly knowledge, and experience helped to resolve the settlers' quarrels and he also maintained peaceful trade relationships with local Indian tribes. Despite the high mortality rate among the settlers, the Virginia Company continued to send new recruits and supplies.
After an explosion left Ca
...ptain Smith injured, he had to leave the colony, leaving it vulnerable and unable to produce its own food. The colony's fortunes changed when tobacco was grown and it quickly gained popularity and was even recommended by doctors for its healing properties. Jamestown saw a major shift when John Rolfe introduced a particularly favored type of tobacco called Brown Gold that became a stable source of economic support for Virginia. The headright system was then implemented in 1617 to deal with labor shortages arising from the newfound success of Brown Gold.
The headright system, which granted colonists two plots of land each as well as an additional plot for paying for the journey of another immigrant, exacerbated the inequality between wealthy landowners and impoverished workers. As a result, the system marked Virginia's inaugural creation of a social hierarchy.
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